scholarly journals The fetus gender value in the structure of obstetric pathology in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
A. D. Fabrikant ◽  
T. I. Botasheva ◽  
A. N. Rymashevsky ◽  
Yu. A. Petrov ◽  
N. V. Palieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Uterine Cavity ◽  
Obstetric Complications ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Pregnancy And Childbirth ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Male Sex ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Objective: To study the obstetric pathology and delivery outcomes in pregnant women with gestational diabetes depending on the sex of the fetus.Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of 2014 histories of pregnancy and childbirth of women with gestational diabetes (GD) over the period of 2018-2021, was carried out. Two groups were formed based on the sex of the fetus: Group 1 (1012 pregnant women) with male fetuses and Group 2 (1002 pregnant women) with female fetuses. For statistical analysis, the proportions (%) were compared using the Pearson’s χ2 (chi-square) test.Results: It was proved that the male sex of the fetus is a risk factor for the GD and concomitant obstetric complications (placental insufficiency, risk of preterm birth, fetal macrosomia). The prevalence of hypotonic bleeding, defects of the placenta, and placenta increta, and related cases of manual control of the uterine cavity and uterus extirpation in mothers of boys with GD was established. Also, in patients of this group, birth injuries consisting in a rupture of the posterior labial commissure were significantly more often registered as a result of childbirth with a large fetus, while cases of cervical rupture prevailed in women with female fetuses.Conclusions: The revealed dependence of the nature of obstetric complications and the course of labor on the sex of the fetus in pregnant women with GD warrant developing a monitoring system that takes into account the gender of the fetus.

scholarly journals Side Effects of Daily versus Weekly Iron Supplementation in Pregnant Women

2019 ◽  
pp. 17-22
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Iron Supplementation ◽  
Numerical Data ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Gastrointestinal Side Effects ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background & Objective: Iron supplementation in pregnant women is highly recommended, however there is reduced compliance due to the common gastrointestinal side effects. This study aimed to compare the clinical side effects between pregnant women with daily and weekly iron supplementation. Methods: Seventy-nine pregnant women who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were given iron supplements every day (group 1, n=37) and twice a week (group 2, n=42). All numerical data were assessed by independent t-test. Side effects were assessed after one month of administration using a questionnaire containing complaints felt by pregnant women and were evaluated by chi-square test using SPSS 25. A P value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The most common side effects of iron supplementation in both groups were black feces (35.4%) and nausea (31.6%). Nausea (45.9% vs. 19.0%; P<0.05) and constipation (35.1% vs. 11.9%; P<0.05) were more frequent in group 1 than in group 2, respectively. Other side effects, such as heartburn, flatulence, vomiting, black feces, and urine discoloration did not differ significantly between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: The daily iron supplementation elevated the episodes of nausea and constipation during pregnancy than the weekly supplementation. The daily iron supplementation in pregnant women increases the risk of side effects, potentially reducing compliance.

HUBUNGAN UMUR DAN PARITAS IBU DENGAN KEJADIAN HIPEREMESIS GRAVIDARUM DI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM PUSAT Dr. MOHAMMAD HOESIN PALEMBANG TAHUN 2011

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wahyu Ida Muliana Wahyu Ida Muliana
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Medical Record ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Hyperemesis Gravidarum ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Systematic Random Sampling ◽  
Pregnancy And Childbirth ◽  
Chi Square Test

ABSTRACT Hyperemesis Gravidarum marked excessive nausea and vomiting in pregnant women at a young age. WHO estimates that 536,000 women died from direct complications of pregnancy and childbirth. One complication of pregnancy is Hyperemesis Gravidarum. Hyperemesis Gravidarum in the world has been estimated to occur in 1-2% of pregnant. According to data from the Medical Record of Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang Hospital, the incidence of Hyperemesis Gravidarum in 2011 there were 72 people of 661 pregnant women. The purpose of this reseach was to determine the relationship between maternal age and parity with Hyperemesis Gravidarum in Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang Hospital 2011. The Design of this reseach used Cross Sectional by analytic approach survey. The population of this reseach are all of mother who gestational ≤ 16 weeks (four months) in the Installation of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang Hospital in January to December of 2011 with the sample of 661 people which taken by systematic random sampling and the reseach was conducted from 17 April to 24 April 2012.  Each variable that was observed in tests using Chi-Square test with a (0.05).  The results of this study showed that 5.9% of mothers with hyperemesis gravidarum, 21.8% of mothers with high risk age, and 30.0% primigravida. Chi-Square test showed no significant relationship between age (p value = 0.000) and parity (p value = 0.000) with the incidence of hyperemesis gravidarum. Expected to the Hospital to be implemented properly instructed how to provide counseling to pregnant women about pregnancy and childbirth, as well as provide confidence that the nausea and vomiting is a symptom of physiology in pregnancy.   ABSTRAK Hiperemesis Gravidarum ditandai mual dan muntah yang berlebihan terjadi pada ibu hamil di usia muda. WHO memperkirakan 536.000 perempuan meninggal dunia akibat langsung dari komplikasi kehamilan dan persalinan. Salah satu komplikasi kehamilan adalah Hiperemesis Gravidarum. Insiden Hiperemesis Gravidarum di dunia telah diperkirakan terjadi pada 1-2% wanita hamil. Menurut data dari Medical Record Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang, angka kejadian Hiperemesis Gravidarum pada tahun 2011 terdapat 72 orang dari 661 ibu hamil. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara umur dan paritas ibu dengan kejadian Hiperemesis Gravidarum pada ibu di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang tahun 2011. Desain Penelitian ini menggunakan survei analitik dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional. Populasi penelitian ini adalah dengan umur kehamilan ≤ 16 minggu (4 bulan) yang pernah dirawat inap di Instalasi Kebidanan dan Penyakit Kandungan Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang pada bulan Januari-Desember tahun 2011 dengan jumlah sample 661 orang yang diambil secara systematic Random Sampling (secara acak sistematis) dan penelitian ini dilakukan dari tanggal 17 April sampai dengan 24 April 2012. Masing-masing variabel yang diteliti di uji dengan menggunakan uji Chi-Square dengan a (0,05). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa 5,9% ibu mengalami hiperemesis gravidarum, 21,8% ibu dengan umur resiko tinggi, dan 30,0% ibu primigravida. Uji Chi-Square menunjukkan ada hubungan yang bermakna antara umur (p value = 0,000) dan paritas (p value = 0,000) dengan kejadian hiperemesis gravidarum. Diharapkan dapat menjadi masukan bagi pihak Rumah Sakit agar dilaksanakan penyuluhan dengan cara memberikan konseling terhadap ibu hamil tentang kehamilan dan persalinan, serta memberikan keyakinan bahwa mual muntah merupakan gejala fisiologi pada kehamilan.

Pregnant women readiness to use the Internet to access health information about pregnancy and childbirth: A cross-sectional study (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Ahmadian ◽  
Reza Khajouei ◽  
Sudabeh Kamali ◽  
Moghaddameh Mirzaee ◽  
Arefeh Ameri
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
T Test ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Readiness Assessment ◽  
Pregnancy And Childbirth ◽  
Chi Square Test

BACKGROUND Today, the Internet may be a promising tool for interventions for pregnant women. However, these kinds of tools are only helpful if users are ready to use them. OBJECTIVE The present study was conducted with the aim of readiness assessment of pregnant women to use the Internet to access health information about pregnancy and childbirth. METHODS This study was carried out on a sample of 384 pregnant women. Data were collected using a valid and reliable questionnaire. The first section of this questionnaire collected demographic characteristics of the participants. The second part of the questionnaire contains 27 questions covering the following components: infrastructure readiness (6 questions); affordability readiness (3 questions); and skill readiness (12 questions). Data were analyzed with SPSS 19.0 using descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, and T-test. RESULTS This study was carried out on a sample of 384 pregnant women. Data were collected using a valid and reliable questionnaire. The first section of this questionnaire collected demographic characteristics of the participants. The second part of the questionnaire contains 27 questions covering the following components: infrastructure readiness (6 questions); affordability readiness (3 questions); and skill readiness (12 questions). Data were analyzed with SPSS 19.0 using descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, and T-test. CONCLUSIONS The use of the Internet by pregnant women depends on factors such as infrastructure, affordability, and skills readiness. This study showed that speed and the quality of the Internet, hardware and software availability, affordability of the Internet, and access to the Internet training were factors in measuring E-health readiness assessment. CLINICALTRIAL Not applicable

scholarly journals Do Camels (Camelus dromedarius) Need Shaded Areas? A Case Study of the Camel Market in Doha

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 480
Author(s):  
Martina Zappaterra ◽  
Laura Menchetti ◽  
Leonardo Nanni Costa ◽  
Barbara Padalino
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Variable Space ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Sun And Shade ◽  
Poor Welfare ◽  
Group 1

This study aimed at documenting whether dromedary camels have a preference for shade and how their behavior would change depending on the presence of shade and variable space allowance. A total of 421 animals kept in 76 pens (66 with shelter (Group 1), and 10 without shelter (Group 2)) at the camel market in Doha (Qatar) were recorded for 1 min around 11:00 a.m. when the temperature was above 40 °C. The number of animals in the sun and shade and their behaviors were analyzed using an ad libitum sampling method and an ad hoc ethogram. The results of a chi-square test indicated that camels in Group 1 had a clear preference for shade (p < 0.001). The majority of Group 1 camels were indeed observed in the shade (312/421; 74.11%). These camels spent more time in recumbency and ruminating, while standing, walking, and self-grooming were more commonly expressed by the camels in the sun (p < 0.001). Moreover, locomotory stereotypic behaviors (i.e., pacing) increased as space allowance decreased (p = 0.002). Based on the findings of this pilot study, camels demonstrated a preference for shade; shade seemed to promote positive welfare, while overcrowding seemed to trigger stereotypy and poor welfare. Overall, our preliminary results are novel and provide evidence that shaded areas are of paramount importance for camel welfare. Further research, involving designed studies at multiple locations is needed to confirm these results.

scholarly journals Complications of the Early Neonatal Period in Children from Mothers with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 414-417
Author(s):  
Agamurad Orazmuradov ◽  
Irina Bekbaeva ◽  
Gayane Arakelyan ◽  
Anastasia Minaeva ◽  
Anastasiya Akhmatova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Therapy Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Balanced Diet ◽  
Functional Immaturity ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background: Changes in the course of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) at the present stage determine the emergence of a certain spectrum of completely new problems associated with the health status of newborns from mothers with GDM. The aim of the study was to investigate early neonatal complications in newborns from mothers with GDM. Methods and Results: The study included 404 pregnant women (gestational age of 37.0–41.0 weeks) with GDM. All patients with GDM were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 included 188 patients receiving insulin therapy; Group 2 included 216 patients receiving a well-balanced diet. The control group (Group 3) consisted of 68 pregnant women without disorders of carbohydrate metabolism. In Group 1, macrosomia occurred in 44(23.4%) newborns, in Group 2 - in 48(22.0%) newborns; in newborns from mothers of the control group, the frequency of macrosomia was only in 7.35% of newborns (P=0.01). Morpho-functional immaturity of newborns had the highest frequency of occurrence, despite the fact that all children were born on time; 80(42.6%) newborns from mothers of Group 1 and 77(35.6%) newborns from mothers of Group 2 had signs of morpho-functional immaturity. Conclusion: Diabetic fetopathy in newborns from mothers with GDM is manifested by morpho-functional immaturity of organs and systems developing in unfavorable hyperglycemic conditions.

scholarly journals CLOSED TIBIAL FRACTURES

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 1643-1648
Author(s):  
Hamid Saeed ◽  
Muhammad Zia Ur Rehman ◽  
Samee Javed Bhatti ◽  
Aamir Furqan
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Compression ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
P Values ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Compression Plating ◽  
Dynamic Compression Plating ◽  
Group 1

Objectives: The objective is to compare the radiological outcome of closedinterlock intramedullary nailing versus dynamic compression plating in closed tibial fracture.Study Design: Randomized controlled trials. Setting: Department of orthopedics NishtarHospital Multan. Period: 9th July 2016 to March 2017. Methodology: There were 302 patientsdivided in two equal groups of 151. Permission was taken from the ethical committee of NishtarHospital. The 302 patients in age group 20-50 years of both genders meeting the inclusionand exclusion criteria attending the outpatient clinic or admitted to the orthopedics departmentthrough emergency were included in the study. All the data entered and analyzed usingcomputer software SPSS version 10. For quantitative variables like age and duration of fracturemean and standard deviation was calculated. For categorical variables like gender, malunionand infection frequency and percentage were calculated. Chi-square test was applied tocompare the malunion and infection in both groups. A p value 0.05 was considered statisticallysignificant. Results: The 100% (n=302) patients were divided into 2 groups equally, 151 ineach, i.e. intramedullary nail (group 1) and dynamic compression plating (group 2). The mainoutcome variables of this study were the malunion and infection. It was observed that malunionpresented as 57% (n=86) and 70.9% (n=107) in group 1 and group 2 respectively. It was alsoobserved that infection presented as 23.2% (n=35) and 37.1% (n=56) in group 1 and group 2respectively. After applying chi-square test, it was noted that malunion associated with groupshaving p-value 0.012. But it was not associated with gender, stratified age and duration offracture having p-values 0.497, 0.800 and 0.218 respectively. Similarly, after applying chi-squaretest, it was noted that infection associated with gender and groups having p-values 0.007 and0.008 respectively. But it was not associated with stratified age and duration of fracture havingp-values 0.565 and 0.344 respectively. Conclusion: Closed interlock intramedullary nailinghas malunion and infection rates less than dynamic compression plating. So closed interlockintramedullary nailing is preferred method of closed tibia diaphyseal fracture treatment.

scholarly journals Expression of Sigma-Class Glutathione-S-Transferase in Fetal and Pediatric Filum Terminale Samples: A Comparative Study

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Cahit Kural ◽  
Serpil Oguztuzun ◽  
Gülçin Güler Şimşek ◽  
Servet Guresci ◽  
Pınar Kaygın ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tethered Cord ◽  
Filum Terminale ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Group 1

Background and objectives: The pathophysiology of tethered cord syndrome (TCS) in children is not well elucidated. An inelastic filum terminale (FT) is the main factor underlying the stretching of the spinal cord in TCS. Our study aimed to investigate the expression of glutathione-S-transferase (GST) in children and fetal FT samples in order to understand the relationship between this enzyme expression and the development of TCS. Materials and Methods: FT samples were obtained from ten children with TCS (Group 1) and histological and immunohistochemical examinations were performed. For comparison, FT samples from fifteen normal human fetuses (Group 2) were also analyzed using the same techniques. Statistical comparison was made using a Chi-square test. Results: Positive GST-sigma expression was detected in eight (80%) of 10 samples in Group 1. The positive GST-sigma expression was less frequent in nine (60%) of 15 samples from Group 2. No statistically significant difference was detected between the two groups (p = 0.197). Conclusions: Decreased FT elasticity in TCS may be associated with increased GST expression in FT. More prospective studies are needed to clarify the mechanism of the GST–TCS relationship in children.

Expression of CD44 and CD133 in tumor сells of metastatic and non-metastatic gastric cancer.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e15531-e15531
Author(s):  
Aleksandr B. Sagakyants ◽  
Oleg I. Kit ◽  
Elena P. Ulianova ◽  
Elena Yu. Zlatnik ◽  
Inna A. Novikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Immunohistochemical Study ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Positive Expression ◽  
Tumor Tissues ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

e15531 Background: High incidence and mortality rates of gastric cancer cause a constant search for the most informative and effective methods of diagnosis and treatment assessment. In this regard, studying the expression of markers with the stem phenotype in primary tumor tissues in patients with gastric cancer with and without metastases is of undoubted interest. Methods: The study included 20 gastric cancer patients aged 30-80 years: group 1 – gastric cancer T3-4аN0-3M0 (G2) without metastasis (58.9±9.7 years); group 2 – gastric cancer T3-4аN0-3M1 (G2) with peritoneal metastasis (53.4±11.9 years). Immunohistochemical study was performed on paraffin-embedded tumor tissue sections using mouse monoclonal antibodies to CD44 (156-3С11 Thermo Scientific) at a 1:2500 dilution and rabbit polyclonal antibodies to CD133 (Cloud-Clone Corp.) at a 1:700 dilution; the Thermo Scientific autostainer was used for staining. Membrane staining and staining intensity were assessed: 0, 1+ weak, 2+ moderate, 3+ strong staining. Positive expression was defined as ≥10% cut-off for CD44 and ˃5% for CD133. Results: Positive expression of CD44+ was detected in 67% (13) in group 2 vs. 20% (4) in group 1. In the metastatic group, the number of cells that stained positive for CD44 expression ranged from 9 to 15%, on average 10.0±3.08%, without metastases – from single cells to 13%, on average 6.0±2.3%. A chi-square test showed statistically significant association in the groups (8.256 at p = 0.004). Positive CD133+ expression in tumor tissues was registered in 100% (20) in group 2 and 80% (16) in group 1. The range of positively stained cells in group 2 was from 10 to 40%, on average 21.3±11.6%, in group 1 - from single cells to 14%, on average 10.0±2.4%. A chi-square test showed statistically significant association in the groups (4.444 at p = 0.036). Conclusions: Immunohistochemical study of the selected tumor cell markers in gastric cancer revealed some characteristics of their expression depending on the presence of metastases. The results can be the basis for further research for the most complete characterization of a heterogeneous tumor population in gastric cancer and the role of individual cells in the tumor growth, progression and metastasis.

Clinical and Angiographic Features of Nonspecific Aorto-Arteritis in Children and Adults

1991 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 485-487
Author(s):  
S. Sharma ◽  
M. Rajani ◽  
T. Kamalakar ◽  
K. K. Talwar ◽  
K. R. Sunderam
Keyword(s):  
Thoracic Aorta ◽  
Abdominal Aorta ◽  
Pulmonary Involvement ◽  
Clinical Feature ◽  
Descending Thoracic Aorta ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Congestive Failure ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

We compared clinical and angiographic features of nonspecific aorto-arteritis in children with those of adult patients. Digital subtraction angiography by i.v. and/or i.a. injection was carried out in 104 patients. In group 1, consisting of 32 patients aged 16 years and younger, hypertension (75%) was the most common clinical feature, followed by diminished pulse, bruit (72% each), congestive cardiac failure (38%), and limb claudication (13%). Obstructing arterial lesions were always present and commonly involved the abdominal aorta (75%), descending thoracic aorta (41%), renal (63%) and subclavian (41%)) arteries. In Group 2, consisting of 72 patients more than 16 years of age, arterial bruit (91%), and diminished pulse (82%) were the most common symptoms. Hypertension occurred in 61%, congestive failure in 14%, and limb claudication in 30%. Obstructing lesions were always seen and commonly involved the abdominal aorta (77%) and renal arteries (64%). Involvement of the descending thoracic aorta (26%) was less common but subclavian (57%) and carotid (24%) arteries were more commonly involved than in group 1. Arterial aneurysms and pulmonary involvement were uncommon in both groups. There were some clinical and angiographic differences in nonspecific aorto-arteritis between children and adults but these were statistically insignificant (chi-square test).

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN TANDA-TANDA BAHAYA KEHAMILAN DAN PRAKTIK IBU HAMIL SAAT MENGALAMI KOMPLIKASI KEHAMILAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
Maryuni Maryuni ◽  
Legina Anggraeni
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Maternal Death ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Her Family ◽  
Pregnancy And Childbirth ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Surrounding Areas

Pregnancy and childbirth are very important events for every woman and her family. But this event can be a complication for the mother and the baby she is carrying. Maternal death is generally influenced by two causal factors, namely direct cause and indirect cause. The direct cause of maternal death is a factor associated with complications of pregnancy, childbirth and childbirth. This research is an analytical research with cross sectional design. The number of samples used as many as 111 pregnant women scattered in jakarta and surrounding areas. The results of this study found the results of chi square test found the result of p value 0.091 which means there is no significant relationship. It is expected that with this research other research can increase the number of variables associated with the practices and behaviors of pregnant women when experiencing complications in their pregnancy.

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