scholarly journals Political Mechanisms for the Formation of Anti-corruption Consciousness of state and Municipal Employees

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 99-104
Author(s):  
V. E. Shorokhov
Keyword(s):  
Public Authority ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Municipal Employees ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
Wide Range

World practice shows that, without encountering opposition, corruption is steadily growing in volume Therefore, the strategy of the permanent fght against corruption is recognised as the most effective in modern conditions The formation of an anticorruption consciousness of state and municipal employees in this context is directly affected by a wide range of measures, the practical implementation in conjunction with the applied methods of implementation, which are the mechanisms for forming anti-corruption consciousness Of course, such a format involves tightening control over the activities of employees at all levels of public authority since anti-corruption mechanisms as illegal actions should have the necessary stimulating effect This article highlights and examines the concept of “anti-corruption consciousness” and presents the analysis of the essential components of the anti-corruption consciousness of state and municipal employees from various positions and the mechanisms that form it The enlarged groups of such mechanisms are determined based on the use of political means, and the need for clarification and further scientifc development of certain categories is emphasized.

Measurements method of the audio recordings acoustic quality indicator prepared for registration and processing in the Unified Biometric System

2019 ◽  
pp. 40-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.V. Savchenko ◽  
A.V. Savchenko
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Digital Processing ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Acoustic Measurements ◽  
Pitch Frequency ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Automated Quality Control

We consider the task of automated quality control of sound recordings containing voice samples of individuals. It is shown that in this task the most acute is the small sample size. In order to overcome this problem, we propose the novel method of acoustic measurements based on relative stability of the pitch frequency within a voice sample of short duration. An example of its practical implementation using aninter-periodic accumulation of a speech signal is considered. An experimental study with specially developed software provides statistical estimates of the effectiveness of the proposed method in noisy environments. It is shown that this method rejects the audio recording as unsuitable for a voice biometric identification with a probability of 0,95 or more for a signal to noise ratio below 15 dB. The obtained results are intended for use in the development of new and modifying existing systems of collecting and automated quality control of biometric personal data. The article is intended for a wide range of specialists in the field of acoustic measurements and digital processing of speech signals, as well as for practitioners who organize the work of authorized organizations in preparing for registration samples of biometric personal data.

Nanoparticles Functionalized with Venom-Derived Peptides and Toxins for Pharmaceutical Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana P. dos Santos ◽  
Tamara G. de Araújo ◽  
Gandhi Rádis-Baptista
Keyword(s):  
Oral Absorption ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Venom Peptides ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Direct Use ◽  
Animal Venoms ◽  
Pharmaceutical Biotechnology

Venom-derived peptides display diverse biological and pharmacological activities, making them useful in drug discovery platforms and for a wide range of applications in medicine and pharmaceutical biotechnology. Due to their target specificities, venom peptides have the potential to be developed into biopharmaceuticals to treat various health conditions such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and chronic pain. Despite the high potential for drug development, several limitations preclude the direct use of peptides as therapeutics and hamper the process of converting venom peptides into pharmaceuticals. These limitations include, for instance, chemical instability, poor oral absorption, short halflife, and off-target cytotoxicity. One strategy to overcome these disadvantages relies on the formulation of bioactive peptides with nanocarriers. A range of biocompatible materials are now available that can serve as nanocarriers and can improve the bioavailability of therapeutic and venom-derived peptides for clinical and diagnostic application. Examples of isolated venom peptides and crude animal venoms that have been encapsulated and formulated with different types of nanomaterials with promising results are increasingly reported. Based on the current data, a wealth of information can be collected regarding the utilization of nanocarriers to encapsulate venom peptides and render them bioavailable for pharmaceutical use. Overall, nanomaterials arise as essential components in the preparation of biopharmaceuticals that are based on biological and pharmacological active venom-derived peptides.

scholarly journals Development of a condition monitoring system for the refractory lining of induction crucible steelmaking furnaces

Vestnik IGEU ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 58-66
Author(s):  
I.Yu. Dolgikh ◽  
M.G. Markov
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring System ◽  
Refractory Lining ◽  
Control Object ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Microprocessor System ◽  
Induction Melting ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Emergency Shutdown ◽  
Wide Range

A wide range of technological advantages of induction crucible melting furnaces makes their use in various sectors of metallurgical production relevant. However, hard operation conditions of the refractory lining of such furnaces makes it necessary to constantly monitor its condition, with the aim to extend the crucible life and prevent emergencies. Moreover, traditional methods based on the use of a bottom electrode and indication of current leakage to earth do not provide a continuous display of the lining destruction degree and make it possible to register only a critical level that requires an emergency shutdown and emptying of the furnace. This circumstance makes it necessary to develop and implement specialized electrical systems with a monitoring and control system that ensures the determination and visualization of the lining wear level and, if necessary, makes an emergency shutdown of the equipment from the power source. The developed complex is based on a microprocessor system that continuously measures the temperature at the control points at the boundary between the bottom and crucible base layers and compares the obtained values with the settings, which are determined previously on a two-dimensional axisymmetric model of the designed furnace by solving the stationary heat conduction equation at various levels of lining failure. We have developed the structure, scheme, and program for a microprocessor-based monitoring and emergency shutdown system of an induction furnace, as well as a mathematical model of the control object, which allows determining the temperature settings. The reliability of the results is confirmed by the applicability of the models to real objects, and is verified by debugging the microprocessor part in the MPLab-Sim and Proteus programs. The obtained results can be used in the practical implementation of the monitoring system and emergency shutdown of induction melting furnaces, which allows increasing the safety of their operation and extending the lining life due to timely repair.

scholarly journals Cost Effective Method for Toxicity Screening of Pharmaceutical Wastewater Containing Inorganic Salts and Harmful Organic Compounds

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elina Strade ◽  
Daina Kalnina
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Toxicity Screening ◽  
Pharmaceutical Wastewater ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Wastewater Biological Treatment

Abstract Pharmaceutical wastewater biological treatment plants are stressed with multi-component wastewater and unexpected variations in wastewater flow, composition and toxicity. To avoid operational problems and reduced wastewater treatment efficiency, accurate monitoring of influent toxicity on activated sludge microorganisms is essential. This paper outlines how to predict highly toxic streams, which should be avoided, using measurements of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), if they are made in a wide range of initial concentration. The results indicated that wastewater containing multivalent Al3+ cations showed a strong toxic effect on activated sludge biocenosis irrespectively of dilutions, while toxicity of phenol and formaldehyde containing wastewater decreased considerably with increasing dilution. Activated sludge microorganisms were not sensitive to wastewater containing halogenated sodium salts (NaCl, NaF) and showed high treatment capacity of saline wastewater. Our findings confirm that combined indicators of contamination, such as chemical oxygen demand (COD), alone do not allow evaluating potential toxic influence of wastewater. Obtained results allow identifying key inhibitory substances in pharmaceutical wastewater and evaluating potential impact of new wastewater streams or increased loading on biological treatment system. Proposed method is sensitive and cost effective and has potential for practical implementation in multiproduct pharmaceutical wastewater biological treatment plants.

scholarly journals Facilitating spatially-explicit assessments of ecosystem service delivery to support land use planning

One Ecosystem ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk Vrebos ◽  
Jan Staes ◽  
Steven Broekx ◽  
Leo de Nocker ◽  
Karen Gabriels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Ecosystem Service ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Spatially Explicit ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Time Investment ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact

Since the early 2000s, there have been substantial efforts to transform the concept of ecosystem services into practice. Spatial assessment tools are being developed to evaluate the impact of spatial planning on a wide range of ecosystem services. However, the actual implementation in decision-making remains limited. To improve implementation, tools that are tailored to local conditions can provide accurate, meaningful information. Instead of a generic and widely-applicable tool, we developed a regional, spatially-explicit tool (ECOPLAN-SE) to analyse the impact of changes in land use on the delivery of 18 ecosystem services in Flanders (Belgium). The tool incorporates ecosystem services relevant to policy-makers and managers and makes use of detailed local data and knowledge. By providing an easy-to-use tool, including the required spatial geodatasets, time investment and the learning curve remain limited for the user. With this tool, constraints to implement ecosystem service assessments in local decision-making are drastically reduced. We believe that region-specific decision support systems, like ECOPLAN-SE, are indispensable intermediates between the conceptual ecosystem service frameworks and the practical implementation in planning processes.

scholarly journals Heat Shock Proteins Are Essential Components in Transformation and Tumor Progression: Cancer Cell Intrinsic Pathways and Beyond

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (18) ◽  
pp. 4507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lang ◽  
Guerrero-Giménez ◽  
Prince ◽  
Ackerman ◽  
Bonorino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Shock ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Stress Proteins ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cancer Types ◽  
Shock Proteins

Heat shock protein (HSP) synthesis is switched on in a remarkably wide range of tumor cells, in both experimental animal systems and in human cancer, in which these proteins accumulate in high levels. In each case, elevated HSP concentrations bode ill for the patient, and are associated with a poor outlook in terms of survival in most cancer types. The significance of elevated HSPs is underpinned by their essential roles in mediating tumor cell intrinsic traits such as unscheduled cell division, escape from programmed cell death and senescence, de novo angiogenesis, and increased invasion and metastasis. An increased HSP expression thus seems essential for tumorigenesis. Perhaps of equal significance is the pronounced interplay between cancer cells and the tumor milieu, with essential roles for intracellular HSPs in the properties of the stromal cells, and their roles in programming malignant cells and in the release of HSPs from cancer cells to influence the behavior of the adjacent tumor and infiltrating the normal cells. These findings of a triple role for elevated HSP expression in tumorigenesis strongly support the targeting of HSPs in cancer, especially given the role of such stress proteins in resistance to conventional therapies.

Assessing Options for Farming Systems Transitions in New Zealand's Mountainlands.

1995 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 166
Author(s):  
B Foran ◽  
B Allan
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Agricultural Ecosystem ◽  
Pastoral Systems ◽  
Product Price ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Farm Structure ◽  
Better Than

The transition of an agricultural ecosystem from a less to a more sustainable or desirable state is dependent as much on the routes and tactics used to effect the transition, as it is on the management ideas and the biological components used. Against the background of the failure of farmers to take up an integrated "all grass wintering system" in the mountain lands of the South Island of New Zealand, we compared a wide range of transitional opportunities and evaluated them in economic terms over a 20 year period. Farm structure at the start of the transition was a rather obvious but key criterion for success of the transition. Transition from a farm structure where supplementary feeding cost NZ$90,000 per year into the new system, allowed a position better than the "do nothing" option to be achieved in as little as 8 to 9 years. Transitions from smaller farm structures of $60,000 and $30,000 took from 12 to more than 20 years to achieve a cash position better than the "do nothing" option. Herein lies the quandary for all farming systems which might aim to make transitions and to "do it better". We explore the sensitivity of these general results to the effects of product price and interest rates, wool growth and lambing rates, whether transition should be gradual or fast, and the incumbent debt levels that can be serviced in addition to the new development. In conclusion we note some essential components of any study of transition of pastoral systems. It is important that dynamic tools are used in any transition study since the route taken in the transition can be more important than the end point. The economic advantage offered by new pastoral technology is important, particularly the time it takes to become fully implemented. Sensitivity analyses should be undertaken for key production and price assumptions. It is helpful to present these analyses as three-dimensional diagrams to allow biological and economic risk to be assessed against each other. While increased animal numbers bring better economic returns, both industry attitudes and the management of ecological risk may require the maintenance of present animal numbers. Increased profitability will then rely on individual animal performance, and higher quality livestock products.

Optimization of Small Wind Turbines using Genetic Algorithms

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 50-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hamdan ◽  
Mohammad Hassan Abderrazzaq
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Optimization Problems ◽  
Optimization Techniques ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Wind Energy Conversion ◽  
Design Alternatives ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Small Wind Turbines ◽  
Complex Optimization ◽  
Tower Height

This paper presents a detailed optimization analysis of tower height and rotor diameter for a wide range of small wind turbines using Genetic Algorithm (GA). In comparison with classical, calculus-based optimization techniques, the GA approach is known by its reasonable flexibilities and capability to solve complex optimization problems. Here, the values of rotor diameter and tower height are considered the main parts of the Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS), which are necessary to maximize the output power. To give the current study a practical sense, a set of manufacturer's data was used for small wind turbines with different design alternatives. The specific cost and geometry of tower and rotor are selected to be the constraints in this optimization process. The results are presented for two classes of small wind turbines, namely 1.5kW and 10kW turbines. The results are analyzed for different roughness classes and for two height-wind speed relationships given by power and logarithmic laws. Finally, the results and their practical implementation are discussed.

Nonlinear Time-Frequency Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Wang ◽  
C. Steve Suh
Keyword(s):  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Frequency Control ◽  
Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor ◽  
Synchronous Motor ◽  
Discrete Wavelet ◽  
Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors ◽  
Synchronous Motors ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
Wide Range

Permanent magnet synchronous motors are essential components in a wide range of applications in which their unique benefits are explored. However, in order for a permanent magnet synchronous motor to achieve satisfactory performance, particular control frameworks are essential. After all, permanent magnet synchronous motor is an AC machine, which is characterized by its complex structure and strongly coupled system states. Therefore, in order for it to achieve satisfactory dynamic performance, advanced control techniques are the only solution. This paper presents a precise speed control of permanent magnet synchronous motors using the nonlinear time-frequency control concept. The novel aspect of this nonlinear time-frequency control, which is an integration of discrete wavelet transformation and adaptive control, is its ability in analyzing the fundamental temporal and spectral qualities inherent of a permanent magnet synchronous motor and exerting control signals accordingly. Simulation results verifies that the proposed nonlinear time-frequency control scheme is feasible for alleviating the nonlinear behavior of the permanent magnet synchronous motor which hampers the tracking of speed with desired precision.

Konsum und nachhaltige Entwicklung

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Free Choice ◽  
Behavioural Change ◽  
Sustainable Consumption ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Consumer Society ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Nachhaltige Entwicklung ◽  
Current State ◽  
Wide Range

What exactly do we mean by sustainable consumption and how can it be achieved? In this volume, the authors ask whether sustainability is possible at all in a consumer society and agree that the path currently being pursued is not viable. More than twenty articles discuss different aspects divided into the four main topics of the current state of the debate: the free choice of consumers, consumer competence, the practical implementation of behavioural change and potential incentives to bring this about. While the authors agree that further research at the consumer level is needed for us to understand the background to sustainable consumption better, this volume provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of various strands of the discussion. The topics it covers include the interaction between efficiency and sufficiency, and it compiles exciting contributions by authors from a wide range of disciplines on the topic of ‘Consumption and Sustainable Development: Rethinking Consumer Policy’. With contributions by Tobias Brönneke, Mario Schmidt, Angelika Zahrnt, Hubertus Primus, Jürgen Stellpflug, Stephan Lorenz, Angela Häußler, et al.

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