scholarly journals PROCESS OF CIGARETTE DESIGNING INDUSTRY IN TONGA SUBSCRIPTION OF KESU 'REGENCY OF NORTH TORAJA

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Reski Rante Langngan ◽  
Thamrin Mappalahere ◽  
Yabu M. Yabu M.
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Black Paint ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The North ◽  
Marketing Process ◽  
Inhibiting Factors ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
The Village ◽  
Wall Decoration ◽  
Simple Production

The problems of this research are; 1) The process of making wall decorations in the village of Tonga Kesu District 'North Toraja District? 2) Inhibiting and supporting factors in making wall decoration in Tonga Village Kesu District '. The type of this research is survey research that aims descriptive qualitative to describe the process of making carving wall hangings and supporting factors and inhibitors experienced by crafters. In this research, there are 2 groups of artisans in Tonga Village in the North and the South. The result shows that the technique of making wall decoration is done manually from the material processing process until the final step of manufacture by using the tools that have been provided. The first stage in making these wall decorations are: Measurement and cutting of wood, second stage of surface and wooden cuttings, third stage of surface painting and periphery, stage four painting with black paint, the sixth stage of pattern making, the seventh stage of engraving and stage next coloring carving and the last is finishing. 3) Supporting factors in the process of making wall decoration of wooden decoration are easy to obtain, the availability of labor, the availability of tools and additional materials and the existence of self-taught craftsmen. Inhibiting factors are lack of capital, high cost of raw materials, equipment that tends to be a very simple, production marketing process that is only traditional.

The Origins of the Village Revisited: From Nuclear to Extended Households

2002 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kent V. Flannery
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Extended Family ◽  
Near East ◽  
Shared Storage ◽  
Nuclear Families ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Extended Households ◽  
The Village

In Mesoamerica and the Near East, the emergence of the village seems to have involved two stages. In the first stage, individuals were distributed through a series of small circular-to-oval structures, accompanied by communal or “shared” storage features. In the second stage, nuclear families occupied substantial rectangular houses with private storage rooms. Over the last 30 years a wealth of data from the Near East, Egypt, the Trans-Caucasus, India, Africa, and the Southwest U.S. have enriched our understanding of this phenomenon. And in Mesoamerica and the Near East, evidence suggests that nuclear family households eventually gave way to a third stage, one featuring extended family households whose greater labor force made possible extensive multifaceted economies.

scholarly journals Influence of temperature regimes of ripening and fermentation stages on the physical and chemical properties of cream and sour-cream butter quality indicators

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
O. O. Bondarchuk
Keyword(s):  
Milk Fat ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Sour Cream ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Physical and chemical properties of cream multistep modes of ripening and fermentations are investigation and their role in the production of sour-cream butter is studied. The process of ripening of cream was carried out multistep, regimes were selected depending on seasonal changes in the composition of milk fat. For raw materials of the autumn-winter period, for the values of iodine number 29.1–34.5, the first stage of ripening was carried out at a temperature of 8°C for 2 hours, the second stage – at 21°C for 7 hours, the third stage – at 13°C for 10 hours. For raw of spring-summer period, for the values of iodine number 34.5–40.1, the first stage of ripening was carried out at 21°C for 6 hours, the second stage – at 13°C for 4 hours, the third stage – at 8°C for 8 hours. It has been established that individual modes of low-temperature cream preparation, taking into account seasonal changes in the composition of milk fat, make it possible to obtain cream before churning almost with the same indexes of effective viscosity. The content of the crystalline phase of milk fat under both temperature regimes was 38.7–40.1%, which is sufficient to obtain of proper consistency sour-cream butter. The content of diacetyl and volatile organic acids more depend on the level of fermentation of cream than on the technological regimes of ripening and seasonality of raw materials. It has been proved that an increase in the fermentation degree of cream promotes an increase in the acidity of plasma and the content of aroma-producing components in the butter, and, accordingly, affects the degree of the sour taste. It is recommended for the production of cultured butter to begin the cream when the acidity of the plasma reaches 60ºT, which ensures the formation of high sensorial characteristic of the finished product.

Signs of polichnous deformations in microstructures of carbonate rocks of the Katav-Yuryuzan zone of transpression (Southern Urals)

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-21
Author(s):  
A. V. Tevelev ◽  
A. A. Borisenko ◽  
M. I. Erokhina ◽  
S. S. Popov ◽  
I. A. Kosheleva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Simple Shear ◽  
Carbonate Rocks ◽  
Pure Shear ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The Third ◽  
The North ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Two Stages

The Katav-Ivanovsk transpression zone experienced at least two stages of tectonic deformations, and the sequence of deformations was approximately the same throughout the entire zone — from the Bakal-Satka fault in the south to the Suleimsky fault in the north. Three stages of the formation of parageneses were identified. The parageneses of the first and the second stages were formed in a pure shear environment, and the paragenesis of the third stage — in a simple shear environment. There are stylolites (S1) parallel to bedding, and mineral veins (V1) in the paragenesis of the first stage. Paragenesis of the second stage combines stylolites (S2), mineral veins (V2) and intergranular cleavage (S2). In paragenesis of the third stage were distinguished schistosity (S3), milonites (S3), cataclasites, mica packets (SC-textures), and the rotation structures of porphyroblasts.

Development to third-stage larvae occurs in the eggs of Anisakis simplex and Pseudotetranova decipiens (Nematoda, Ascaridoidea, Anisakidae)

1995 ◽  
Vol 52 (S1) ◽  
pp. 134-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianne Køie ◽  
Bjørn Berland ◽  
Michäel D.B. Burt
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Anisakis Simplex ◽  
Stage Larva ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The Third ◽  
The North ◽  
Pseudoterranova Decipiens ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Tail Tip

Two moults occur during larval development in the eggs of Anisakis simplex (Rudolphi, 1809) and Pseudoterranova decipiens (Krabbe, 1878) from the North Atlantic. Live larvae forced out of eggs in sea water by coverslip pressure shortly before spontaneous hatching were surrounded by the thin cuticle of the first-stage larva. Infective larvae from naturally hatched eggs are loosely ensheathed in the thick cuticle of the second-stage larva. Thus, it is the third-stage larva that emerges from the egg of both species and not the second-stage larva as previously believed. The thin, smooth, fragile cuticle of the first-stage larva remains in the egg. The striated, cocoon-like cuticle of the second-stage larva of A. simplex may increase the buoyancy of the third-stage larva. The tail tip of the cuticle of the second-stage larva of P. decipiens is sticky and adheres the sheathed third-stage larva to the substrate.

scholarly journals Forest recultivation of overburden dumps of the Kingisepp phosphorite field

2021 ◽  
Vol 875 (1) ◽  
pp. 012029
Author(s):  
I S Nedbaev ◽  
E Y Elsukova ◽  
E A Kushnir ◽  
E I Treschevskaya
Keyword(s):  
Community Formation ◽  
North West ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The Third ◽  
The North ◽  
Tree Layer ◽  
Birch Trees ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Overburden Dumps

Abstract The article is devoted to the study of the stages of forest recultivation of overburden dumps of the Kingisepp phosphorite field’s breed located in the North-West of the Russian Federation. 5 test areas with a total area of 63.7 hectares were laid to study the different stages of recultivation. In the course of the study, the author’s team identified four conditional stages of the formation of the spruce community of the forest recultivation of overburden dumps breed. The first stage, which has the conditional name ‘10 years’ is newly planted spruce trees on the recultivation territory. The second stage of the formation of the spruce community (‘20 years’) is that the European spruce passes into the stand. The third stage of community formation (‘30 years’) consists in the growth of all plantings to the level of a stand and in the creation of a birch-spruce or spruce-birch forest, since at the age of more than 30 years European spruce in recultivation by itself territories can occupy up to 50% of the stand. At the fourth stage, spruces displace birch trees from the community, remaining almost the only representative of the tree layer.

scholarly journals Palynostratigraphy of the Lower Tertiary volcanics and marine clastic sediments in the southern part of the West Greenland Basin: implications for the timing and duration of the volcanism

1992 ◽  
Vol 154 ◽  
pp. 13-31
Author(s):  
S Piasecki ◽  
L.M Larsen ◽  
A.K Pedersen ◽  
G.K Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Volcanic Activity ◽  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
Dinoflagellate Cysts ◽  
East Greenland ◽  
West Greenland ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The Third ◽  
The North ◽  
Clastic Sediments ◽  
Third Stage

Volcanic rocks, forming hyaloclastites and subaqueous lava flows, were deposited intercalated with clastic sediments in a water-filled basin in West Greenland in the Early Tertiary. Three main stages of basin infilling occurred in the Disko-Nuussuaq area. The distribution of dinoflagellate cysts in the sediments shows that the basin was marine in the first stage and non-marine in the second stage of infilling. In the third stage the basin was displaced towards the south and was marginally marine. The dinoflagellate cysts form a typical mid-Paleocene assemblage which may be correlated with the calcareous nannoplankton (NP) zonation. The stratigraphically lowest investigated localities are coeval with the uppermost part of nannoplankton zone NP4, whereas the overlying localities within the marine basin (first stage) may be correlated with NP5-6. The localities from the non-marine second stage cannot be correlated with the NP zonation because they do not contain dinoflagellate cysts. Localities from the third stage are coeval with NP7-8. Younger volcanics are subaerially deposited. The total known range of the volcanics now falls within the NP3 to NP8 interval, giving a minimum duration for the main plateau-building stage of the volcanism of 4–6 million years. The subaerial basalts have previously been found to be mainly reversely magnetised, with one normally magnetised sequence which can now be stratigraphically correlated with NP4, and thereby identified as anomaly 27. The basalts in East Greenland started erupting during the NP9 zone, so that the volcanic activity in East Greenland largely succeeded that in West Greenland. In relation to the postulated mantle plume in the North Atlantic this means that the volcanic activity started in the peripheral part of the plume and only later switched to the central part.

scholarly journals Pemanfaatan Nilai Budaya Ra’ian dalam Strategi Pendidikan Agama Kristen bagi Pembentukan Karakter Pemuda di Desa Sawang Utara Kecamatan Melonguane

Tumou Tou ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-26
Author(s):  
Jane Lestari Darinding ◽  
Ester Heydemans ◽  
Cyrus Lalompoh ◽  
Jeane Marie Tulung
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Deviant Behavior ◽  
Cultural Wealth ◽  
The North ◽  
Inhibiting Factors ◽  
The Social ◽  
Positive Meaning ◽  
Customary Activity ◽  
Character Building ◽  
The Village

The purpose of this research is to describe and analyze the characteristics and realities of the Ra'ian culture, the christian education strategy for the Ra'ian culture, the supporting and inhibiting factors and the efforts to implement the Rai'an cultural values ​in building the youth character. This research method is the descriptive qualitative research conducted in the North Sawang Village, Melonguane District in 2020. The data were collected through observation, interviews and documentary study. From the outcomes of the data analysis and interpretation, it is found that; (1). In reality, this Rai’an culture contains positive meaning in accordance with Christian teachings and has cultural values ​​that can be used as substance for the character building. The Rai’an culture has undergone a shift due to a lack of knowledge from the youth about the Rai’an culture. (2). Advice and sermons as the ways to build the character as they contain teachings based on the gospel, as well as the applicaton or approach of the five movements of the Groome as a way of instilling rai’an cultural values, 3). The supporting factors, namely parents at home who also collaborate with traditional elders, village leaders and religious figures, make customary activity programs. The inhibiting factors of social and Technology Advancements are uncontrollable use of collphones (online games) but also the social environment that drivers them to carry out deviant behavior. (4). The effort that can be made is to involve the youth in organizational activities in the village and in the church as well as seminars containing the cultural wealth that exists in the Talaud Island Regency, especially those in the village of North Sawang. As a conclusion of these findings, this Rai’an culture must be introduced to the youth properly in the way of utilizing the cultural values ​​as the teaching materials by Christian educators. The parents and the leaders of the village, custom and church work together to formulate programs in building the youth character.

scholarly journals MEDIEVAL UDMURTS AND VOLGA BULGARIA IN X - EARLY XIII CENTURIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 469-480
Author(s):  
Konstantin Aleksandrovich ч Konstantin Aleksandrovich Rudenko
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Trade Expansion ◽  
The North ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Archaeological Materials ◽  
Silk Fabrics ◽  
Burial Grounds

The article deals with the problem of relations between two neighboring peoples - medieval Udmurts and Volga Bulgars in the 10 - early 13 centuries. The main material for the study was the archaeological materials presented at the present time by a significant number of studied archaeological objects - settlements and burial grounds. The author examines three stages of ethnocultural contacts: 1) X - the second half of the XI century; 2) the end of the XI - the middle of the XII century; 3) the second half of the XII - the beginning of the XIII century. At the beginning of the first stage, the degree of development of the material culture of both Bulgars and the Cheptsa population was at the same level, and the possibilities of development on the basis of raw materials in the Udmurt Cis-Urals were much higher. This situation persisted until the second half of the 10 century, when the Bulgar state began to actively develop the trade space to the north of its borders. Nevertheless, the Chepets population during this period was less exposed to the Bulgar trade expansion than the Mari, Mordovians and Murom, developing crafts and expanding ties with the Perm Urals. At the second stage, groups of settlers from the Volga Bulgaria appeared on Chepts, who influenced the development of high-tech industries and the emergence of new types of artifacts, for example, items of the Askiz type. By the end of the XII century. they have completely assimilated. In the same period, the connections of the Chepets population with the Perm Cis-Urals and Russian lands expanded. This situation continued at the third stage. At that time, mainly rare goods, for example, silk fabrics, were brought from the Volga Bulgaria. Thus, for three centuries, close ties of the medieval Udmurts with the Volga Bulgars remained, demonstrating special mechanisms of interaction in the changing conditions of the functioning of medieval ethnic groups in different models of cultural development.

Natural Feed Preference Fejervarya cancrivora L. and Fejervarya limnocharis L on the West Coast of Sumatra Island

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-154
Author(s):  
Reni Susanti ◽  
Ramadhan Sumarmin
Keyword(s):  
West Coast ◽  
Food Preferences ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
The West ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Sumatra Island ◽  
Secondary Consumers ◽  
The Village ◽  
Short Body

Anuran is an animal with a short body size, wide and stiff. The head and body are united and have no tail. Ecologically, Anuran plays an important role in the food chain as secondary consumers. It is known that all types of Anuran are carnivores with a diet such as arthropods and worms. This study aims to determine the natural food preferences of F. cancrivora and F. limnocharis on the West Coast of Sumatra Island. This research is a descriptive study which was conducted in 3 stages, namely the first stage of taking Anuran in the field, the second stage of washing the stomach and the third stage of identifying the type of feed. The results showed that the type of feed that was mostly found in the stomachs of the two frogs was the Hymenoptera order from the Insect class. The overlapping niche values ​​of the two types of frogs in the village of Setara Nanggalo show a highly competitive tendency, the conclusion is that these two types of Anuran food have the same diet and are sympathetic populations.

scholarly journals MAIN PROBLEMS OF WORKING CAPITAL ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT IN THE COMPANY

THE BULLETIN ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 389 (1) ◽  
pp. 238-245
Author(s):  
K. Satymbekova ◽  
Z. Imanbayeva ◽  
B. Zhumagalieva ◽  
B. Nurmaganbetova ◽  
Zh. Basshieva
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Working Capital ◽  
Production Sector ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Organization And Management ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
New Type ◽  
Production Form ◽  
Effective Organization ◽  
Commodity Form

One of the main functions of the entire enterprise is the production, release of goods, its provision to the consumer, service and success. And the goal of each enterprise is to produce high-quality products, generate revenue and form its place in the market. Currently, the number of foreign and domestic enterprises working in the production sector is growing. Therefore, enterprises should always strive for innovation and consider the possibility of using advanced technologies in the production of goods. Production of goods directly related to the working capital of the enterprise. The article examines the structure of working capital within a certain enterprise and the features of its management. Considering the issues identified in the study, the main directions of working capital organization and management were proposed. Working capital can be divided into three stages of working capital maintenance. They are in the monetary, production, commodity. At the first stage of turnover, funds are advanced for raw materials, materials and labor items necessary for the production of other products. Capital is transferred from monetary form to commodity form. The second stage will produce products that will be consumed and contain the newly created value. At this stage, capital passes into the production form with the addition of labor from the commodity form, after which it passes into a new type of commodity. At the third stage, the production enterprise produces finished products and takes back the monetary form with the release of funds from the commodity form. When funds are credited to the company's current account for the products sold, the turnover is considered terminated. Since working capital is an important asset structure of the enterprise, its effective organization and management are important activities of the enterprise.

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