scholarly journals Desain Bahan Dasar Campuran Bata Ringan dari Limbah Tambang Emas Pongkor

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 09
Author(s):  
Abdul Majid ◽  
Abdul Rohman ◽  
Raiyyan Rahmi Isda
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Dry Density

Hasil limbah dari tambang emas Pongkor yang berupa tailing diteliti pemanfaatannya sebagai bahan dasar campuran bata ringan. Variasi perbandingan rasio volume semen dengan tailing adalah 1 : 2, 1 : 4, dan 1 : 6 dengan waktu pengerasan 7, 14, 21, dan 28 hari. Parameter pengujian yang dilakukan meliputi densitas (dry density), penyerapan air (water absorption), kuat tekan, kuat tarik belah, dan kuat lentur. Pencampuran tailing sebagai bahan dasar campuran bata ringan menggunakan metode Cellular Lightweight Concrete (CLC) dengan variasi komposisi yang memenuhi syarat ASTM C 969 yaitu densitas < 700 kg/m3, penyerapan air < 25%, dan kuat tekan > 1.4 MPa. Sedangkan untuk kuat tarik belah > 0.25 MPa, yaitu sekitar 10-15% dari kekuatan tekan (Nawy 1998:41) dan kuat lentur > 0,59 MPa (Yothin Ungkoon, 2007). Dari hasil penelitian variasi dengan campuran 1 : 2 (1 semen dan 2 tailing) dengan waktu pengeringan selama 28 hari memiliki hasil pengujian terbaik dan memenuhi semua yang disyaratkan. Pada komposisi tersebut, bata ringan yang dihasilkan memiliki densitas 692 kg/m3, penyerapan air 20,81%, kuat tekan 3,77 MPa, kuat tarik belah 0,48 MPa, dan kuat lentur 0,65 MPa.

scholarly journals Mechanical Properties of lightweight Concrete Produced using Pottery Waste as Aggregate

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 9150-9154
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Construction Cost ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Paper Study ◽  
Structural Concrete ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Concrete Mixtures

Structures built using lightweight concrete have feature of the lower own weight than that of the conventional concrete, where this property contributes to reducing the construction cost. This paper study recycling of pottery waste (PW) to use it as aggregate to develop structural lightweight concrete. To achieve this aim, six concrete mixtures were prepared. Five mixes developed using PW of 20%, 40 %, 60%, 80%, and 100% as a partially and wholly replacement of normal weight aggregate, while the control mix produced using normal weight aggregate of dolomite. The properties; consistency, dry density, water absorption, compressive, tensile and flexural strengths were studied and compared with the same properties of the control mix. Experimental results indicate that using 40, 60, 80, and 100% of PW as dolomite replacement can produce lightweight concrete, also all concrete mixtures containing PW aggregate can classified as structural concrete where their compressive strengths are more than 17 Mpa.

Properties of Artificial Lightweight Aggregates (ALAs) Made of Dredged Soil Mixed with Waste Catalyst Slag

2012 ◽  
Vol 174-177 ◽  
pp. 1079-1085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Si Nae Jo ◽  
Yoo Tack Kim ◽  
Seung Gu Kang ◽  
Chang Sam Kim
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Lightweight Aggregates ◽  
Dredged Soil ◽  
Porous Carriers ◽  
Black Core ◽  
Sintering Method

The artificial lightweight aggregates (ALAs) were manufactured using dredged soil produced at thermal power plant and waste catalyst slag by direct sintering method at 1050~1250°C for 10min. The ALAs of 100% dredged soil showed the black core phenomenon even at the low sintering temperature as 1050°C and become lightened by bloating pores in black core area with sintering temperature. On the other hand, the aggregates with 100% waste catalyst slag did not showed black coring and bloating phenomenon and had the low forming ability and many cracks inside. Adding the dredged soil to the waste catalyst slag decrease the specific gravity by promoting the black coring and bloating inside. The water absorption(%) of ALAs decreased with sintering temperature. The ALAs fabricated in this study showed the specific gravity of 0.8~2.0 and water absorption of 2~16% so it could be applied to various fields such as the lightweight concrete or the field of the porous carriers for purification of a contaminated soil or water.

Comprehensive Characterization of Agricultural By-Products for Bio-Aggregate Based Concrete

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herinjaka Haga Ratsimbazafy ◽  
Aurélie Laborel-Préneron ◽  
Camille Magniont ◽  
Philippe Evon
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Complete Characterization ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Characterization Methods ◽  
Manufacturing Method ◽  
West Part ◽  
Hemp Shiv ◽  
By Products

The valorization of available agricultural by-products is important for the development of bio-aggregate based concretes as eco-friendly solutions for building materials. However, their diversity requires to assess their potential of use in vegetal concretes. This study aims to propose simple and relevant multi-physical characterization methods for plant aggregates. Basic and complementary characterizations were carried out on hemp shiv as a reference plant aggregate, and nine by-products available in the South-West part of France, i.e., oleaginous flax shiv, sunflower pith and bark, coriander straw, wheat straw, wheat chaff, corn shuck, miscanthus stem and vine shoot. The basic characterizations performed were those recommended by the TC-RILEM 236 BBM, i.e., particle size distribution, bulk density, water absorption and thermal conductivity. Complementary characterizations have also been proposed, taking into account the possible environment of the binder and the vegetal concrete manufacturing method. The additional tests developed or adapted from previous research assess the following properties: the content of water-soluble compounds at pH 7 and 12, the dry density of plant aggregates compacted in wet state, the real water absorption after compaction and the compression behavior of these compacted aggregates. This complete characterization highlights the distinct behavior of the different agroresources and allows to correlate these characteristics to the use properties of hardened composites.

scholarly journals Partial Replacement of Cement with Waste Paper Sludge Ash

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1975-1983
Author(s):  
Shahid Bashir
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Cement Industry ◽  
Waste Paper ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Paper Sludge ◽  
Paper Sludge Ash ◽  
Sludge Ash

Abstract: Cement production is one of the sources that emit carbon dioxide, in addition to deforestation and combustion of fossil fuels also leads to ill effects on environment. The global cement industry accounts for 7% of earth’s greenhouse gas emission. To enhance the environmental effects associated with cement manufacturing and to constantly deplore natural resources, we need to develop other binders to make the concrete industry sustainable. This work offers the option to use waste paper sludge ash as a partial replacement of cement for new concrete. In this study cement in partially replaced as 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% by waste paper sludge ash in concrete for M25 mix and tested for compressive strength, tensile strength, water absorption and dry density up to the age of 28days and compared it with conventional concrete, based on the results obtained, it is found that waste paper ash may be used as a cement replacement up to 5% by weight and the particle size is less the 90µm to prevent reduction in workability. Keywords: slump test, Compressive strength, split tensile strength, water absorption test, Waste Paper Sludge Ash Concrete, Workability.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE FROM EXPANDED CLAY MODIFIED WITH TIRE RUBBER WASTE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbet Alves Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Mechanical Resistance ◽  
Hardened Concrete ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Specific Mass ◽  
Tire Rubber ◽  
Rubber Waste

Lightweight concrete has as main characteristic its low density due to the incorporation of light materials such as expanded clay, or even the incorporation of air whose function is to reduce the density, characteristic of cellular concrete. In Aracaju city, there are companies that promote tire reconditioning, generating large amounts of waste dust. The aim of this work is to study the reuse of tire rubber waste in light concrete from expanded clay. An experimental program was developed for the analysis of these concretes, varying the percentage of 1%, 2.5% and 5% of the tire rubber waste to replace the natural fine aggregate and 100% replacing the natural coarse aggregate by expanded clay (50% of expanded clay C1506 and 50% of C2215). The materials (cement, sand, expanded clays and tire rubber waste) were characterized through tests of particle size analysis and unit mass. The hardened concrete was evaluated through mechanical tests of axial compression strength, modulus of elasticity and tensile strength by diametrical compression, physical tests of water absorption and specific mass, in addition to image analysis by scanning electron microscopy. The use of expanded clay with incorporation of 1% of tire rubber waste guaranteed better results in mechanical resistance, lower water absorption and greater specific mass than the mixtures with 2.5 and 5%, reaching values close to the reference concrete. Thus, the residue can be an alternative for reuse, avoiding disposal.

Efficient Eco-friendly Composite Fluorine Anhydrite-Based Materials

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grigory Yakovlev ◽  
Jadvyga Keriene ◽  
Anastasiia Gordina ◽  
Irina Polyanskikh ◽  
Milan Bekmansurov
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Gas Permeability ◽  
Average Density ◽  
Expanded Polystyrene ◽  
Environmental Load ◽  
Great Demand ◽  
Technogenic Waste ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Reduced Water

The paper presents possible ways of utilizing technogenic waste – fluorine anhydrite – by its use in production of dry mortars and piece goods from lightweight concrete with expanded polystyrene, as a organic filler, for low-rise construc-tion. The developed dry mortars are based on fluorine anhydrite binder and complex modifier comprising curing activator (sulfate or alkaline) and finely dispersed additive. The fluorine anhydrite-based compositions have improved physical and performance characteristics, including the improved strength and average density and reduced water absorption compared to the control composition. The developed lightweight anhydrite polystyrene concrete has the density grade of 700 kg/m3 and good vapor and gas permeability. The concrete is stabile while using and fire safe, because each granule of expanded poly-styrene is coated with anhydrite matrix, and has the strength sufficient for structural and heat insulating slabs and blocks. All mentioned compositions are eco-friendly and are in great demand for low-rise construction. Therefore the manufacturing of these compositions will consume a large amount of technogenic waste and will reduce the environmental load on the region where the waste is located.

Investigation of Physical, Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Building Wall Materials

2017 ◽  
Vol 751 ◽  
pp. 521-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiraphorn Mahawan ◽  
Somchai Maneewan ◽  
Tanapon Patanin ◽  
Atthakorn Thongtha
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Calcium Silicate Hydrate ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Thermal Insulating ◽  
Building Wall ◽  
Wall Materials

This research concentrates to the effect of changing sand proportion on the physical, mechanical and thermal properties of building wall materials (Cellular lightweight concrete). The density, water absorption and compressive strength of the 7.0 cm x 7.0 cm x 7.0 cm concrete sample were studied. It was found that there are an increase of density and a reduction of water absorption with an increase of sand content. The higher compressive strength can be confirmed by higher density and lower water absorption. The physical and mechanical properties of lightweight concrete conditions conformed to the Thai Industrial Standard 2601-2013. The phases of CaCO3 and calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) in the material indicate an important factor in thermal insulating performance.

scholarly journals Durability of Structural Lightweight Concrete with Sintered Fly Ash Aggregate

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 4565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucyna Domagała
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Water Permeability ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Concrete Strength ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Cement Matrix ◽  
Secondary Importance ◽  
Freeze Thaw

The aim of this study was to present the problem of durability of structural lightweight concrete made of a sintered fly ash aggregate. The issue of durability was researched for 12 concrete series in terms of their water absorption, water permeability, and freeze-thaw resistance. Additionally, the microstructure of several concretes was analyzed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). In the durability research, the influences of the following parameters were taken into consideration: The initial moisture content of sintered fly ash (mc = 0, 17–18, and 24–25%); the aggregate grading (4/8 and 6/12 mm); and the water-cement ratio (w/c = 0.55 and 0.37). As a result of various compositions, the concretes revealed different properties. The density ranged from 1470 to 1920 kg/m3, and the corresponding strength ranged from 25.0 to 83.5 MPa. The durability research results of tested lightweight concretes showed that, despite considerably higher water absorption, a comparable water permeability and comparable or better freeze-thaw resistance in relation to normal-weight concrete may be present. Nevertheless, the fundamental requirement of lightweight concrete to achieve good durability requires the aggregate’s initial moisture content to be limited and a sufficiently tight cement matrix to be selected. The volume share of the cement matrix and aggregate, the cement content, and even the concrete strength are of secondary importance.

scholarly journals THE DEPENDENCE OF THE PHYSICAL MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF EXPANDED-CLAY LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE ON THE COMPOSITION

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
Marija Vaičienė ◽  
Jurgita Malaiškienė
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Concrete Mixture ◽  
Active Filler ◽  
Binder Material ◽  
Substitute Materials

Binder material is the most expensive raw component of concrete; thus, scientists are looking for cheaper substitute materials. This paper shows that when manufacturing, a part of the binder material of expanded-clay lightweight concrete can be replaced with active filler. The conducted studies show that technogenic – catalyst waste could act as similar filler. The study also includes the dependence of the physical and mechanical properties of expanded-clay lightweight concrete on the concrete mixture and the chemical composition of the samples obtained. Different formation and composition mixtures of expanded-clay lightweight concrete were chosen to determine the properties of physical-mechanical properties such as density, water absorption and compressive strength.

scholarly journals Effects of Oil Palm Shell Coarse Aggregate Species on High Strength Lightweight Concrete

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Kun Yew ◽  
Hilmi Bin Mahmud ◽  
Bee Chin Ang ◽  
Ming Chian Yew
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Coarse Aggregates ◽  
Palm Shell ◽  
Oil Palm Shell

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different species of oil palm shell (OPS) coarse aggregates on the properties of high strength lightweight concrete (HSLWC). Original and crushed OPS coarse aggregates of different species and age categories were investigated in this study. The research focused on two OPS species (duraandtenera), in which the coarse aggregates were taken from oil palm trees of the following age categories (3–5, 6–9, and 10–15 years old). The results showed that the workability and dry density of the oil palm shell concrete (OPSC) increase with an increase in age category of OPS species. The compressive strength of specimen CD3 increases significantly compared to specimen CT3 by 21.8%. The maximum achievable 28-day and 90-day compressive strength is 54 and 56 MPa, respectively, which is within the range for 10–15-year-old crushedduraOPS. The water absorption was determined to be within the range for good concrete for the different species of OPSC. In addition, the ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) results showed that the OPS HSLWC attain good condition at the age of 3 days.

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