Influence of planting material size on Jerusalem artichoke yield during autumn planting

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.D. Popova ◽  
◽  
I.N. Yudina
Keyword(s):  
Fractional Composition ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Jerusalem Artichoke ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
The Cost

The results of the influence of the mass of planting tubers of Jerusalem artichoke on the size and fractional composition of the crop of tubers in the conditions of sod-podzolic sandy loam soils during autumn planting of tubers are presented. It was found that planting tubers weighing 80-100 g g provide a yield of 45 t/ha. With an increase in the mass of planting tubers, the cost of purchasing planting material increases sharply and profitability decreases. Planting small tubers leads to a decrease in yield.

scholarly journals Technology and mechanization of cultivation of Jerusalem artichoke healthier 

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 151-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Starovoitov Viktor I ◽  
Starovoitova Oksana A ◽  
Aldoshin Nikolay ◽  
Manokhina Aleksandra А
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Jerusalem Artichoke ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Rapid Multiplication ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Mass Reproduction ◽  
High Quality Seed ◽  
The Cost

erusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosum L.) is a promising bioenergy multi-purpose crop. The Jerusalem artichoke is a valuable culture that is a source of inulin, fructose and pectin. Green mass of the Jerusalem artichoke has a high content of complex carbohydrate (fructose, glucose, sucrose, etc.) in the dry weight of the plant contain up to 17% protein with a balanced amino acid composition. Biotechnological methods are firmly established in plant growing practice and are widely used for rapid multiplication and obtaining healthy planting material of many economically important crops. The technology of micro clonal propagation “in vitro” has great importance for the development of seed production of Jerusalem artichoke and obtain sufficient quantity of high quality planting material. Formed innovative scheme of sequential technological process of seed production of Jerusalem artichoke includes the production of original seed material “in vitro” Jerusalem artichoke, mass reproduction by aero hydroponic installations, and the rationale based on research of the technology of growing high-quality seed of Jerusalem artichoke. It was found that at cultivation of minitubers of micro plants in aero hydroponic installation compared to farming by traditional technology, the cost of one minituber decreased by 9.58 RUB.

Soil fumigation of sultana vines

1966 ◽  
Vol 6 (20) ◽  
pp. 72 ◽  
Author(s):  
MR Sauer
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Soil Fumigation ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Cost Of Treatment ◽  
Treated Soil ◽  
The Third ◽  
Significant Yield ◽  
Citrus Nematode ◽  
The Cost

Soil supporting mature sultana vines at 23 sites on loam and sandy loam soils in the Merbein district was fumigated with 92.2 per cent w/w 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropene at the rate of 2 1/2 gallons an acre. Significant yield increases were recorded at four sites in the second season after treatment, and at eight sites in the third season. Significant increases generally were of the order of twice the cost of treatment, or better. All sites were infested with citrus nematode, numbers ranging from an average of about 2,000 per 500 grams of soil on some sites to more than 20,000 on others. There was no relation between numbers of nematodes in the soil and vine yield. Soil counts indicated a substantial reduction in nematode numbers due to fumigation, but counts made at the end of the third season suggested that numbers in treated soil were increasing rapidly. No reason for the yield response was apparent-response was not related to mean untreated yield, to soil type, or to numbers of nematodes in the soil.

scholarly journals JUSTIFICATION OF THE METHOD AND DEVICE FOR TREATMENT AND SOWING OF SUGAR BEETS AND THE APPLICATION OF THE RESULTS IN PREPARATION TECHNOLOGIES

2020 ◽  
pp. 42-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasiliy Kurilo ◽  
Viktor Pryshlyak
Keyword(s):  
Fractional Composition ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Approximate Model ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Sugar Beets ◽  
Top Soil ◽  
Field Germination ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
Scientific Practical ◽  
The Cost

The article describes advanced technological processes of pre-sowing of soil and sowing of sugar beet, which positively influences innovative development of beet-growing and scientific-practical project preparation of future specialists in agro-engineering in higher education institutions. In order to increase the field germination of seeds and to ensure the uniform placement of plants in rows, as well as to reduce the cost of growing sugar beets for pre-sowing soil and sowing, a new method is proposed and a device for pre-sowing tillage in the row area is developed. This method ensures that the topsoil is loosened and compacted while sowing the seed only in the row area without loosening it in the row spacing with successively positioned rotating working bodies, planar paws and rolls. According to the results of the researches, an approximate model of the optimal composition of the top soil layer in the aisles and in the row area by its fractional composition and density was developed, the parameters of the working bodies for the pre-sowing tillage were grounded. Initial data were also obtained and initial agrotechnical requirements for the unit for pre-sowing soil and sowing beet seeds were developed. Application of technological process with optimally grounded parameters of strip pre-sowing tillage in the area of rows and sowing of seeds in one pass of the unit and technical means for its execution gives the opportunity to qualitatively prepare the soil with formation of the most favorable fractional composition for seed germination. This increases the field germination of seeds and the uniform distribution of plants in rows, reducing the cost of fuel and direct operating costs of growing sugar beets. The results of the research can be used to improve and optimize zonal technologies and facilities for growing sugar beets, as well as in the educational process and scientific activities of students.

scholarly journals Determination of the Boundaries of the Compressible Strata When Conducting Engineering Surveys

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 79-87
Author(s):  
K. O. Dubrakova ◽  
V. A. Solodilova
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Coarse Sand ◽  
Adequate Accuracy ◽  
Practical Standpoint ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Given ◽  
Main Influence

Purpose of research. Errors and inaccuracies in the preparation of deliverables based on the results of engineering surveys which are an integral and important part of the design and estimate documentation, can lead to irreversible consequences and significantly reduce the life of buildings and structures. The main difficulty in investigating soil physical and mechanical properties at a construction site is to determine the depth of excavation. This is due to the fact that an increase in the calculated depth leads to the increase in the cost of work, and its decrease leads to the risk of inaccuracies and errors in the design of foundations of buildings and structures. In accordance with the current regulatory documents, the excavation depth during soil investigation should be 1-2 meters below the boundary of the compressible strata. The condition on the basis of which the specified boundary is determined is provided. The development of a technique that allows determining the depth of the compressible strata at the stage of engineering surveying with adequate accuracy is an important task from a practical standpoint. Methods. Determining natural stress Ϭzg,0 as the product of foundation depth d and the specific gravity of the soil above the base ɣ′ІІ,  , taking into account the fact that the average pressure tends to the value of the estimated resistance of the soil, it is shown that physical-mechanical structure of the base soil exerts the main influence on the parameters of the compressible strata, and correspondingly, to the excavation depth value. In this case, the stresses transferred by the foundation of a building or structure have an indirect effect. Results. The maximum values of the depth of excavation for engineering and geological surveying for tight coarse sand, medium density and fineness sand, and fine sand and sandy loam are determined. Conclusion. It is concluded that the given technique allows determining the depth of excavation during engineering and geological surveying with an adequate accuracy.

scholarly journals Farmer Perceptions and Preferences to Shallot Farming Technology Introduction in Grobogan District, Central Java, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 232 ◽  
pp. 01002
Author(s):  
Dewi Sahara ◽  
Aryana Citra Kusumasari ◽  
Agus Hermawan
Keyword(s):  
Financial Analysis ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
Farmer Perceptions ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Technology Introduction ◽  
The Government ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Cost

Farmers commonly use seed bulbs in shallot farming. Therefore it is required to conduct a demonstration plot to promote the technology of true shallot sheet (TSS). The study aims to determine the performance of the newly seedling technique and determine the perceptions and preferences of farmers towards shallot farming, in Padang Village, Tanggungharjo Sub- District, Grobogan District, in September - November 2018. The study used a demonstration plot of shallot farming using seedling and survey methods to the 30 shallots farmers. Financial analysis (BCR and MBCR) was used to determine the performance of shallot farming, while farmers' perceptions and preferences were analyzed descriptively with scoring techniques. The results showed that even though the cost of shallot farming using seedling was higher, it resulted in higher production (BCR 2.76 vs 0.25). The TSS using as planting material against bulbs was also beneficial since the MBCR value was 5.64, implying that the seedling technique was more profitable than seed bulbs using. With these significant results, farmers stated a high perception of shallot farming using seedling, indicated a high level of preference, which is 73.33 - 93.33%. Based on these results, the government should widely disseminate the TSS to shallot farmers.

scholarly journals The Study of Soybean Chaff Pressing Process Depending on Its Fractional Composition and Humidity

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 160-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Shishkin ◽  
E. Shulzhenko
Keyword(s):  
Fractional Composition ◽  
Complex Mixture ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Laboratory Unit ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Term Storage

A by-product of soybean production, as a non-grain part of the crop, can be used to meet the needs of livestock in providing complete feeding of livestock. Pressing the floor allows to reduce the volume of plant material in order to reduce the cost of storage and transportation, improve the safety of its nutrients during long-term storage. Therefore, the development of an efficient, cost-effective and less energy-intensive technology and a process line for compacting the soybean floor by pressing is a promising direction. The pile of the floor is a complex mixture of particles of different sizes, as well as voids filled with air. Equipment compaction chaff should provide a stable preparation of pellets under all the fluctuations of the moisture content and fractional composition of chaff. In 2018, research experiments were carried out in the Far Eastern Scientific–Research Institute of Mechanization and Electrification of Agriculture to study the process of pressing the soybean floor, depending on its fractional composition and humidity, on the manufactured laboratory unit for compaction with the production of soybean floor briquettes. It was found that when the humidity of the sample increases from 9 to 21%, the energy consumption decreases by 17.1%. The coefficient of compaction of the floor when the humidity changes almost does not change. By increasing the length of the sex particles from 14 to 87 mm, the compaction coefficient increases by 73.3% and the energy intensity by 6.2 %. For transportation and storage of the soybean floor briquette, it is recommended to pack it tightly with polyethylene film or tie it with twine, this will increase the shelf life and eliminate losses.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF DETERMINATION OF THE COST OF PLANTS CERTAIN KINDS WHEN CARRYING OUT FORENSIC MERCHANDISING EXAMINATIONS

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 351-359
Author(s):  
О. S. Obolentseva-Krasivska
Keyword(s):  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Market Relations

Flowers, ornamental plants, planting material (saplings) and other plants with regard to which the market with possibility of carrying out independent adequate marketing was formed, are the subject of evaluation by the experts in field of forensic merchandising. With the development of the market and market relations such goods as flowers, planting material and others are increasingly encashed in the market of Ukraine and become the objects of forensic merchandising examinations and expert researches. Special feature of merchandising researches of the plant origin objects is the use of the comprehensive approach to the estimation of their quality and cost. Researches are carried out with the purpose of determination of properties, consumer value, conformity to standards and specifications of plants certain kinds. When studying a considerable variety of flower plants, one distinguishes scientific and industrial classifications. In merchandising flowers industrial classification of flower ornamental plants which provides distribution of flower plants to the separate groups similar on biological properties, the agricultural technician of cultivation and practical application in gardening is used. During carrying out merchandising examinations on an establishment of consumer properties of certain kinds plants, namely establishments organoleptic indicators of quality and quantity of flower decorative production given for research, the expert checks conformity of this production to requirements of normative and technical documents. Requirements to quality of flower production are normalised by standards depending on production kind – cutf lowers, pottery blossoming plants, pottery decorative sheet plants, sprouts of flower decorative production, planting material, seeds of flower ornamental plants. At carrying out merchandising researches of flower decorative production, plants and saplings it’s necessary for merchandising experts to pay special attention on definition of quality indicators and a grade of plants according to standards, and also to consider data concerning age of a plant, novelty of a grade and origin country of production.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Effects of Polyacrylamide and Sodium Carboxymethylcellulose Application on Soil Water Infiltration in Sandy Loam Soils

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Songrui Ning ◽  
Halidaimu Jumai ◽  
Quanjiu Wang ◽  
Beibei Zhou ◽  
Lijun Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Sodium Carboxymethylcellulose ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Soil Water Infiltration ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Cost

Superabsorbent polymers have been used widely in agricultural production in arid and semi-arid regions to manage the soil water holding capacity. As the common water-retention polymers, the molecular weights, and structures of polyacrylamide (PAM) and sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) are obviously different. Modified soil water management with polymers (i.e., PAM and CMC) has shown great promise for water conservation. Few researchers have reported the comparison of the effects of PAM and CMC on soil infiltration characteristics, especially in coarse-textured soils (i.e., sandy loam). In this research, two high-molecular polymers (PAM and CMC) were used to investigate the effects of polymers on soil water infiltration characteristics by laboratory experiment. The infiltration reduction effects of CMC treatments were more obvious than those of PAM treatments. With the applied rates of PAM (0.2–0.8 g/kg) and CMC (1–4 g/kg) increased, the processes of soil water infiltration were inhibited. The average infiltration time of CMC with different application rates is 1.85 times than that of PAM with different treatments. The mean wetting front distances of different application rates treatments of PAM and CMC were 22.20 and 19.23 cm. At the same application rate, applied CMC is more effective in reducing soil sorptivity than applied PAM in sandy loam soils. Moreover, the cost of application of CMC is lower than the cost of application of PAM. The mean economic inputs of PAM and CMC were 153.90 and 35.24 RMB/hm2. Therefore, CMC was selected and recommended as the suitable water retention agent in sandy loam soils.

Assessment of consumer and culinary qualities of jerusalem artichoke

2019 ◽  
pp. 30-37
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Manohina ◽  
Oksana Starovoitova ◽  
Viktor Starovoitov ◽  
Yuri Masyuk ◽  
Yuri Boyko
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Development ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Jerusalem Artichoke ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Sandy Loam Soil ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
New Production ◽  
Loam Soil

The article presents the results of evaluation of consumer and culinary qualities. Despite the prescription of the growth of Jerusalem artichoke, there is no doubt that for industrial development is a new production culture. Jerusalem artichoke tubers can be used fresh and boiled. 16 varieties of various target usage with high stable quality of tubers, attractive appearance, the form of a tuber and high marketability are allocated. Under the conditions of cultivation on sandy loam soil of Korenevo dry matter content in tubers of Jerusalem artichoke was 21.4...26,4%, the content of inulin is 11.6...by 18.7%. The most in demand according to all the requirements for consumption of tubers fresh and for culinary purposes were the following classes: Nahodka, Dietichesky, Korenevskiy (hybrid), Nadezhda, Podmoskovny.

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