Microbiological preparations in increasing the yield of white mustard`s seeds

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.N. Lebedev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Mass ◽  
White Mustard ◽  
Plant Seeds ◽  
Bacterial Preparations

It is shown that the use of bacterial preparations based on growth-stimulating associative rhizobacterial strains increases the productivity of the dry mass of aboveground organs of white mustard plants. Biologics increase the yield of plant seeds. The most effective strains are mizorin and flavobacterin.

scholarly journals Allelopathic activiti of eastern galega seeds with oil crops

2022 ◽  
Vol 354 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 100-103
Author(s):  
I. V. Epifanova
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
White Mustard ◽  
Plant Seeds ◽  
Oil Crops ◽  
Federal Research ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
First Time ◽  
Spring Rape ◽  
Niger Seed

Relevanсe. The novelty of our research lies in the fact that for the first time the allelopathic interaction of eastern galega seeds with a wide range of oilseeds is being studied. The aim of this work is to study the allelopathic effect in the initial stages of plant ontogenesis. The objectives of the study were to identify cultures with a positive and negative impact on the growth and development of sprouts of eastern galega. The objects of research were eastern galega Magister, false saffron Alexandrite, saperda mustard Lux, spring rape Tavrion, hemp Nadezhda, spring cress Iskra, white mustard Lucia, abyssinian colewort Polet, ethiopian niger seed Medea, oil radish Fiolina, damascene fennelflower Yalita, hybrid sunflower P63 LE 10 (XF 3020), winter camelina Baron, spring camelina Velez, oilseed flax Istok. The experiments were carried out in two layouts in 2019–2020 on the basis of a separate division of the Federal research center for fiber crops in the Penza region.Methods. The evaluation of allelopathic activity was carried out using a method that involves the germination of plant seeds, followed by the calculation of the percentage of germination. The number of seeds and seedlings at different stages of ontogenesis was determined along with measuring the length of the root, stem and leaf.Results. At the initial stages of ontogenesis, a weak negative allelopathic effect on the eastern galega is exerted by the abyssinian colewort Polet — the number of fullfledged seedlings was -6,1% to the control. A positive effect on the germination and development of galega seedlings is exerted by damascene fennelflower Yalita (+8,3% to control), ethiopian niger seed Medea (+8,1 to control), oilseed flax Istok (+6,4% to control). In general, the length of the galega seedling was at the level of control with damascene fennelflower and ethiopian niger seed is 3,27 and 3,24 cm (-0,40 and 0,43 cm respectively). A significant decrease is observed in the variants with oilseed flax, spring camelina, winter camelina, spring rape, false saffron, sunflower, saperda mustard, white mustard, hemp, abyssinian colewort and spring cress — from 2,81 to 1,66 cm (-0,86–2,01 cm to control).

scholarly journals Ordinal regression model for pea seed mass

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Klimek-Kopyra ◽  
Jacek Strojny ◽  
Tadeusz Zając ◽  
Anna Ślizowska ◽  
Jana Klimešova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Model ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Seed Mass ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Ordinal Regression ◽  
Plant Seeds ◽  
Qualitative Variables ◽  
Ordinal Regression Model ◽  
Model Year ◽  
Pea Seed

Summary The development of seeds at various positions in the pod is asynchronous. Thus, the differences of seed dry mass production because of environmental conditions may depend on the cultivar type, type of inoculants and interrelations between seeds per pod, pods per plant or seeds per plant. Presently, a mathematical description of pea seed categorisation is missing. The aim of the study was the assessment of two groups of variables (quantitative and qualitative) for pea seed weight categorisation by ordinal regression model. Year, cultivar and inoculant constituted the first group (qualitative variables), whilst seeds per pod, the pods per plant and seeds per plant (quantitative variables) were entered as covariates in the ordinal regression model. According to the ordinal regression model variables, seeds per pod, pods per plant, seeds per plant, year and cultivar are meaningful predictors of the seed mass categories. However, the variable inoculant is marginally significant.

scholarly journals Screening of mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) genotypes under nutrient stress in soil

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 377-386
Author(s):  
MA Razzaque ◽  
MM Haque ◽  
MM Rahman ◽  
MM Bazzaz ◽  
MSA Khan
Keyword(s):  
Seed Weight ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Stress Condition ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Nutrient Stress ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Plant Seeds ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cluster Distance

A pot experiment was conducted at the Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur during kharif season of 2010 to investigate the genetic divergence of some mungbean genotypes under nutrient stress condition using Mahalanobis’ statistic (D2) and principal component analysis. Analysis of variance showed significant difference for all the characters. Results of multivariate analysis revealed that 200 mungbean genotypes formed five clusters at nutrient stress condition where cluster II had the maximum genotypes (83) followed by cluster I (65), cluster III (30), cluster IV (9) and then cluster V (13). The highest intra-cluster distance was observed between cluster IV containing lowest 9 genotype and cluster V containing 13 genotypes. The highest inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster IV and III and lowest was observed between cluster V and Cluster I. Cluster III had the highest cluster mean for total dry matter, root dry mass, pods per plant, seeds per pod, 1000 seed weight and seed yield. Considering cluster distance and other agronomic performance the genotypes IPSA 1, IPSA 12, IPSA 5 and others genotypes from cluster III may be considered for better performance under nutrient stress condition.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 41(2): 377-386, June 2016

scholarly journals Phytotoxicity of Silver Nanoparticles with Different Surface Properties on Monocots and Dicots Model Plants

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewelina Matras ◽  
Anna Gorczyca ◽  
Ewa Pociecha ◽  
Sebastian Wojciech Przemieniecki ◽  
Magdalena Oćwieja
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Interaction Strength ◽  
Silver Ions ◽  
Trisodium Citrate ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
White Mustard ◽  
Garden Cress ◽  
Positively Charged

AbstractThe aim of the research was to evaluate the effect of three types of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with different physicochemical properties and silver ions delivered in the form of silver nitrate (AgNO3) at the concentration of 50 mg L−1 on germination and initial growth of monocots (common wheat, sorghum) and dicots (garden cress, white mustard). The AgNPs were prepared using trisodium citrate (TCSB-AgNPs), tannic acid (TA-AgNPs), and cysteamine hydrochloride (CHSB-AgNPs). They exhibited comparable shape, size distribution, and an average size equal to 15 ± 3 nm which was confirmed with the use of transmission electron microscopy. The electrokinetic characteristics revealed that CHSB-AgNPs have positive, whereas TCSB-AgNPs and TA-AgNPs negative surface charge. First, toxicity of the silver compounds was assessed using the Phytotestkit test. Next, after transferring seedlings to pots, shoot length, leaf surface, shoot dry mass, electrolyte leakage measurement, and photosystem II (PSII) efficiency were determined. AgNPs and silver ions delivered in the form of AgNO3 reduced root and shoots length of common wheat, sorghum, and garden cress; leaves surface of garden cress and white mustard; and shoots dry mass of white mustard. The positively charged CHSB-AgNPs and silver ions delivered in the form of AgNO3 showed the greatest inhibition effect. Moreover, silver ions and positively charged CHSB-AgNPs were more toxic to PSII of model plants than negatively charged TCSB-AgNPs and TA-AgNPs. AgNPs impact differed in the case of monocots and dicots, but the size of the changes was not significant, so it concerned individual parameters. The results revealed the interaction strength, which was generally similar in all tested plants, i.e., increasing negative effect in sequence TCSB-AgNPs < TA-AgNPs < silver ions delivered in the form of AgNO3 < CHSB-AgNPs.

STEM measurement of subcellular water distributions

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 568-569
Author(s):  
R.D. Leapman ◽  
S.Q. Sun ◽  
S-L. Shi ◽  
R.A. Buchanan ◽  
S.B. Andrews
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Bulk Water ◽  
Inelastic Electron ◽  
Scanning Transmission ◽  
Annular Dark Field

Recent advances in rapid-freezing and cryosectioning techniques coupled with use of the quantitative signals available in the scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) can provide us with new methods for determining the water distributions of subcellular compartments. The water content is an important physiological quantity that reflects how fluid and electrolytes are regulated in the cell; it is also required to convert dry weight concentrations of ions obtained from x-ray microanalysis into the more relevant molar ionic concentrations. Here we compare the information about water concentrations from both elastic (annular dark-field) and inelastic (electron energy loss) scattering measurements.In order to utilize the elastic signal it is first necessary to increase contrast by removing the water from the cryosection. After dehydration the tissue can be digitally imaged under low-dose conditions, in the same way that STEM mass mapping of macromolecules is performed. The resulting pixel intensities are then converted into dry mass fractions by using an internal standard, e.g., the mean intensity of the whole image may be taken as representative of the bulk water content of the tissue.

Dry chip feedrate control using online chip moisture

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (05) ◽  
pp. 295-305
Author(s):  
Wesley Gilbert ◽  
Ivan Trush ◽  
Bruce Allison ◽  
Randy Reimer ◽  
Howard Mason
Keyword(s):  
Production Rate ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Rate Control ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
The Other ◽  
Process Variability ◽  
Moisture Sensor ◽  
Feedback Control Strategy ◽  
And Control

Normal practice in continuous digester operation is to set the production rate through the chip meter speed. This speed is seldom, if ever, adjusted except to change production, and most of the other digester inputs are ratioed to it. The inherent assumption is that constant chip meter speed equates to constant dry mass flow of chips. This is seldom, if ever, true. As a result, the actual production rate, effective alkali (EA)-to-wood and liquor-to-wood ratios may vary substantially from assumed values. This increases process variability and decreases profits. In this report, a new continuous digester production rate control strategy is developed that addresses this shortcoming. A new noncontacting near infrared–based chip moisture sensor is combined with the existing weightometer signal to estimate the actual dry chip mass feedrate entering the digester. The estimated feedrate is then used to implement a novel feedback control strategy that adjusts the chip meter speed to maintain the dry chip feedrate at the target value. The report details the results of applying the new measurements and control strategy to a dual vessel continuous digester.

Optimum harvest date of maize for biogas and silage purposes

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-125
Author(s):  
G. Hadi
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Harvest Date ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Vegetative Organs

The dry matter and moisture contents of the aboveground vegetative organs and kernels of four maize hybrids were studied in Martonvásár at five harvest dates, with four replications per hybrid. The dry matter yield per hectare of the kernels and other plant organs were investigated in order to obtain data on the optimum date of harvest for the purposes of biogas and silage production.It was found that the dry mass of the aboveground vegetative organs, both individually and in total, did not increase after silking. During the last third of the ripening period, however, a significant reduction in the dry matter content was sometimes observed as a function of the length of the vegetation period. The data suggest that, with the exception of extreme weather conditions or an extremely long vegetation period, the maximum dry matter yield could be expected to range from 22–42%, depending on the vegetation period of the variety. The harvest date should be chosen to give a kernel moisture content of above 35% for biogas production and below 35% for silage production. In this phenophase most varieties mature when the stalks are still green, so it is unlikely that transport costs can be reduced by waiting for the vegetative mass to dry.

NITROGEN NUTRITION OF CITRUS NURSERY STOCK IN PINE BARK SUBSTRATES.

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1161f-1161
Author(s):  
John D. Lea-Cox ◽  
Irwin E. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Pine Bark ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Rough Lemon ◽  
Nursery Stock ◽  
Citrus Rootstock ◽  
Cleopatra Mandarin ◽  
Nutrient Solutions

Pine bark is utilized as a substrate in citrus nurseries in South Africa. The Nitrogen (N) content of pine bark is inherently low, and due to the volubility of N, must be supplied on a continual basis to ensure optimum growth rates of young citrus nursery stock. Three citrus rootstock (rough lemon, carrizo citrange and cleopatra mandarin) showed no difference in stem diameter or total dry mass (TDM) when supplied N at concentrations between 25 and 200 mg ·l-1 N in the nutrient solution over a 12 month growing period. Free leaf arginine increased when N was supplied at 400 mg·l-1 N. The form of N affected the growth of rough lemon. High NH4-N:NO3-N (75:25) ratios decreased TDM when Sulfur (S) was absent from the nutrient solution, but not if S was present. Free arginine increased in leaves at high NH4-N (No S) ratios, but not at high NH4-N (S supplied) ratios. Free leaf arginine was correlated with free leaf ammonia. These results have important implications for reducing the concentration of N in nutrient solutions used in citrus nurseries and may indicate that higher NH4-N ratios can be used when adequate S is also supplied.

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