scholarly journals Risk Factors of Covid-19 Transmission between Hospital Employees

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Ulfah ◽  
◽  
Cicilya Candi ◽  
Ede Surya Darmawan ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Medical Staff ◽  
Direct Contact ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Hospital Administration ◽  
Hospital Employees ◽  
Depth Interview

ABSTRACT Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) in healthcare workers at hospital has caused concern because of the higher rates of infection from patients. The aimed of the study was to investigate the risk factors of covid-19 transmission between hospital employees. Subject and Method: This was a qualitative study conducted from August to September 2020. A total of 19 confirmed Covid-19 cases were selected for this study. The data were collected by in-depth interview analyzed descriptively. Results: From 19 confirmed Covid-19 cases, 15 of it were medical staff (78.95%) and the rest were non-medical staff (21.05%). The risk factors of transmission were direct contact with confirmed Covid-19 patient and neglected health protocol. Conclusion: The risk of Covid-19 transmission among hospital employees increases with a direct contact with patients and the neglection of health protocol. Keywords: Covid-19 transmission, hospital employees Correspondence: Siti Ulfah. Masters Program in Hospital Administration, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: (021) 7864975. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.01.23

scholarly journals Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Perception of Metabolic Syndrome Among Thai Buddhist Monks in a Rural Community, Central Thailand: A Mixed-Methods Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annop Kittithaworn ◽  
Prempreeda Wongprasert ◽  
Worathon Worasangkart ◽  
Noppawit Aiumtrakul ◽  
Surapong Saravutthikul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Central Thailand

Abstract Background Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is described as a cluster of cardiometabolic risk factors that can increase the possibility of developing atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. According to monastic rules, Thai Buddhist monks are not allowed to cook meals and do exercise. This unique lifestyle generally encompasses low physical activities and may cause several noncommunicable diseases. Thus, in this study, we aimed to examine the prevalence, risk factors, and perception of MetS among Thai Buddhist monks. Methods This was a cross-sectional study conducted among Thai Buddhist monks living in Tha Luang District, Lopburi Province, Central Thailand. Study participants completed a questionnaire inquiring about personal and health data, and they also underwent physical examination, including anthropometric measurements, before undergoing biochemical blood tests. MetS was defined based on the National Cholesterol Education Program ATP III (NCEP ATP3) criteria. A qualitative study using in-depth interview was conducted to determine the knowledge and perceptions regarding MetS among Thai Buddhist monks. Results In total, 96 Thai Buddhist monks were included in this study. The prevalence of MetS was 28.1%. Participants who had a body mass index of \(\ge\)25 kg/m2 were determined to have a higher risk of developing MetS (OR, 4.5; 95% CI, 1.6–13.3). The in-depth interview revealed that participants’ perceptions were directly associated with their beliefs, experience, and basic healthcare knowledge. A qualitative study identified two primary factors of MetS among Thai Buddhist monks, viz., unhealthy diet and low physical activity. Conclusions MetS prevalence in Thai Buddhist monks was moderate compared with that reported by other studies. Medical providers and Buddhist devotees should cooperate in providing health promotion by donating healthy food, conducting annual health checkups, and arranging alternative exercises in a private area that correspond with the monastic rules. Therefore, early screening, treatment, and patient education are the most important factors to manage MetS in Thai Buddhist monks.

scholarly journals Mental health care for medical staff and affiliated healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Walton ◽  
Esther Murray ◽  
Michael D Christian
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Medical Staff ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Valuable Resource ◽  
Public Health Response ◽  
Critical Part ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health Response

The COVID-19 pandemic is an unprecedented challenge for society. Supporting the mental health of medical staff and affiliated healthcare workers (staff) is a critical part of the public health response. This paper details the effects on staff and addresses some of the organisational, team and individual considerations for supporting staff (pragmatically) during this pandemic. Leaders at all levels of health care organisations will find this a valuable resource.

scholarly journals The impact of COVID-19 on burnout among healthcare workers - literature review

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 170-179
Author(s):  
Martyna Nowińska ◽  
Justyna Dziekońska ◽  
Paulina Grabowy ◽  
Martyna Drożak ◽  
Joanna Milanowska
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Medical Staff ◽  
Direct Contact ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Transmission Mechanism ◽  
Professional Burnout ◽  
Contact Transmission ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Tremendous Impact

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic broke out in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. Coronavirus disease is commonly transmitted through contact transmission and direct contact. Considering the transmission mechanism of the virus, healthcare workers are at high risk of becoming infected. SARS-CoV-2 has became a major stressor for medical staff, that can lead to burnout.The aim of the study: Paying attention to the correlation between COVID-19 pandemic and burnout among healthcare workers.Material and method: The research was done by the usage of the PubMed and Google Scholar articles about the topic of: burnout; healthcare workers, COVID-19 pandemic, mental health, stress.Description of the state of knowledge: According to various studies, the COVID-19 pandemic may have negative impact on the mental health of healthcare workers. Worsening systemic stressors may lead to professional burnout. Latest research has identified associations between burnout and inadequate psychological support, direct contact with infected patients, and working in the nursing profession.Summary: The results from all studies proved that the COVID-19 pandemic has tremendous impact on professional burnout among medical staff. It is essential to pay attention to the psychological wellbeing of healthcare workers.

scholarly journals COVID-19: Risk Factors and Protective Role of Resilience and Coping Strategies for Emergency Stress and Secondary Trauma in Medical Staff and Emergency Workers—An Online-Based Inquiry

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 9004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiziana Maiorano ◽  
Monia Vagni ◽  
Valeria Giostra ◽  
Daniela Pajardi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Mediation Analysis ◽  
Medical Staff ◽  
Direct Contact ◽  
Secondary Trauma ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Emergency Workers ◽  
And Coping

The COVID-19 crisis has placed a heavy burden on medical staff and emergency workers, who may be at risk of developing psychological distress and secondary trauma. Coping and resilience to stress during a pandemic are protective factors that can mitigate the potential adverse psychological effects. Here, we investigated the direct and mediated effects of coping strategies and hardiness on secondary trauma among Italian medical staff (physicians and nurses, n = 140) and emergency workers (firefighters, civil protection, and ambulance personnel, n = 100) involved in the first phase of the pandemic. For this purpose, we collected data from participants through online questionnaires to measure emergency stress, coping strategies, hardiness, and secondary trauma. Other variables analyzed were age, sex, direct contact with COVID-19 patients, and use of personal protective equipment (PPE). We performed a correlational analysis, regressions, and a mediation analysis. The results show that nurses and physicians experienced higher levels of emergency stress than emergency workers. Direct contact with COVID-19 patients, female sex, unexpected events, and lack of PPE were risk factors for emergency stress, while resilience and coping strategies played a protective role. Mediation analysis shows that coping strategies and hardiness are protective factors and reduce the effect of stress on secondary trauma.

scholarly journals Tuberculin Skin Testing versus Interferon-Gamma Release Assay among Users of a Public Health Unit in Northeast Portugal

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Andrea Luísa Fernandes Afonso ◽  
Bruno Miguel Morais Pires ◽  
Cristina Martins Teixeira ◽  
António José Nogueira
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Interferon Gamma ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Interferon Gamma Release Assay ◽  
Tuberculin Skin Testing ◽  
Health Unit ◽  
Lower Odds ◽  
Public Health Unit ◽  
The Impact

The screening of groups with a high risk for developing tuberculosis (TB) is a priority in order to control this disease. Since there is no gold standard for the diagnosis of latent TB infection (LTBI), both the tuberculin skin test (TST) and the interferon-gamma release assays (IGRA) have been used for this purpose. The aim of this study was to determine the proportion of LTBI by using the TST and the IGRA tests, and to assess the risk factors related with discordant results between tests across several risk groups advised for screening in Northeast Portugal. Data were collected from the database of patients with suspected LTBI and advised for the screening in a public health unit (January 2014 to December 2015). The proportion of LTBI was computed using both tests. Logistic regression models assessed risk factors for a positive test and for discordant results between tests. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) and respective 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were obtained. Out of 367 patients included in the analysis, 79.8% had a positive TST and 46.0% of them had a positive IGRA. In comparison with contacts of active TB cases, healthcare workers and inmates presented higher odds of TST positivity (OR 4.38, 95% CI 1.59–12.09 and OR 4.74, 95% CI 1.45–15.49, respectively), but immunocompromised people presented lower odds of TST positivity (OR 0.14; 95% CI 0.06–0.31). Instead, healthcare workers (OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.24–0.80) and immunocompromised people (OR 0.24, 95% CI 0.10–0.56) presented lower odds of a positive IGRA. There were 42.0% concordant positive results, 16.1% concordant negative results, and 41.9% discordant results, with healthcare workers presenting higher odds of discordant results (OR 3.34, 95% CI 1.84–6.05). The proportion of LTBI estimated by TST and IGRA among people advised for screening in our setting is high, highlighting the need of preventive strategies. Among healthcare workers, TST results should be read with caution as the higher proportion of discordant results with a positive TST suggests the impact of the booster reaction in this group.

scholarly journals 91 An audit of COVID-19 Awareness and Public Health Message Effectiveness in the Hospital Setting Over the Course of the Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Render ◽  
A Truss ◽  
H Waddington ◽  
S John ◽  
C Henderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Hospital Workers ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Message Effectiveness ◽  
Job Roles ◽  
Public Health Message ◽  
Means Of Transmission

Abstract Introduction An audit of healthcare workers investigated the effectiveness of Public Health England’s (PHE) information campaign across COVID’s timeline and assess knowledge between job roles. Method Data was collected across 3 cycles in 3 hospitals. A questionnaire assessed four domains: symptoms; spread; risk factors and the means to reduce transmission. PHE materials were shown before cycle 2 and respondents then subjected to the general campaign. Results 253 responses were collected. Symptom recognition was 84%, increasing to 88% post-intervention, longer-term recognition remained high at 81% - including the new symptom of anosmia. Identification of COVID’s means of transmission increased from 76% to 95% post intervention, risk factor recognition increased from 85% to 93% post-intervention. This fell to 74% later in the pandemic when recognised risk factors increased. Recognition of the new risk factors BAME status and BMI was 73% and 79% respectively in the final cycle. Doctors had the highest number of pre-intervention correct answers for 3 domains and nurses gave the most incorrect answers for 3 domains pre-intervention. Conclusions We have shown the PHE message is being transmitted effectively. We have also shown an increase in hospital workers recognition of aspects of COVIDs characteristics that have since been verified in the literature.

Substance Abuse and Drug-Related Death, Suicidal Ideation, and Suicide: A Review

Crisis ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annie Mino ◽  
Arnaud Bousquet ◽  
Barbara Broers
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Family Support ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Hiv Epidemic

The high mortality rate among drug users, which is partly due to the HIV epidemic and partly due to drug-related accidental deaths and suicides, presents a major public health problem. Knowing more about prevalence, incidence, and risk factors is important for the development of rational preventive and therapeutic programs. This article attempts to give an overview of studies of the relations between substance abuse, suicidal ideation, suicide, and drug-related death. Research in this field is hampered by the absence of clear definitions, and results of studies are rarely comparable. There is, however, consensus about suicidal ideation being a risk factor for suicide attempts and suicide. Suicidal ideation is also a predictor of suicide, especially among drug users. It is correlated with an absence of family support, with the severity of the psychosocial dysfunctioning, and with multi-drug abuse, but also with requests for treatment. Every clinical examination of a drug user, not only of those who are depressed, should address the possible presence of suicidal ideation, as well as its intensity and duration.

COVID-19 in Healthcare Workers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prevalence, Risk Factors, Clinical Characteristics, and Outcomes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Alejandro Gómez-Ochoa ◽  
Oscar H. Franco ◽  
Lyda Z. Rojas ◽  
Sandra Lucrecia Romero Guevara ◽  
Luis Eduardo Echeverría ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Meta Analysis

Knowledge, awareness and perceptions of diabetes mellitus among the Saudi population

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 413-422
Author(s):  
Muhammad H Mujammami ◽  
Abdulaziz A Alodhayani ◽  
Mohammad Ibrahim AlJabri ◽  
Ahmad Alhumaidi Alanazi ◽  
Sultan Sayyaf Alanazi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Saudi Population ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Background: High prevalence of undiagnosed cases of diabetes mellitus (DM) has increased over the last two decades, most patients with DM only become aware of their condition once they develop a complication. Limited data are available regarding the knowledge and awareness about DM and the associated risk factors, complications and management in Saudi society. Aim: This study aimed to assess knowledge of DM in general Saudi society and among Saudi healthcare workers. Results: Only 37.3% of the participants were aware of the current DM prevalence. Obesity was the most frequently identified risk factor for DM. Most comparisons indicated better awareness among health workers. Conclusion: A significant lack of knowledge about DM in Saudi society was identified. Social media and educational curriculum can improve knowledge and awareness of DM.

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