scholarly journals Monitoring of Antibodies Titre Against Canine Distemper Virus in Ferrets Vaccinated with a Live Modified Vaccine

2007 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Pavlačík ◽  
V. Celer ◽  
V. Kajerová ◽  
V. Jekl ◽  
Z. Knotek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Canine Distemper Virus ◽  
Primary Vaccination ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Sudden Increase ◽  
Canine Distemper ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Live Attenuated Vaccine ◽  
Antibody Titres ◽  
One Year ◽  
Abrupt Rise

A group of five ferrets vaccinated against the canine distemper virus (CDV) was evaluated as to the onset of anti-CDV antibody production and the serum levels of the animals were monitored for one year. The ferrets were immunized with a live attenuated vaccine. The vaccination pattern was as follows: primary vaccination at the age of 6 weeks, fi rst revaccination at 30 days after primary vaccination, and second revaccination after another 30 days. Blood samples were taken prior to primary vaccination and then at 30-day intervals (sampling 1 to 12). The whole experimental cycle covered the period of one year from primary vaccination (till the age of 1 year and 6 weeks). Serum samples were analysed for anti-CDV virus-neutralisation antibodies using a virus-neutralisation test using the Onderstepoort CDV strain. All ferrets had zero virus-neutralisation antibody titres before primary vaccination. Two ferrets produced virus-neutralisation antibodies as a response to first revaccination. A stable antibody level (titre 256) was maintained between months 4 and 11 after primary vaccination and a sudden increase in antibody titre (titres 512 and 1024 - 2048) occurred in both animals in months 11 and 12. The reason for the abrupt rise in antibody titres in the two animals remains unclear. No anti-CDV seroconversion was observed in the three remaining animals. Regarding the results obtained in this study we do not consider commonly recommended vaccination with a live attenuated anti-CDV vaccine as an effective method of antibodies induction against distemper in young ferrets.

High Frequency of RBC Transfusions in the STOP Study Was Associated with Reduction in Serum Biomarkers of Neurodegeneration, Vascular Remodeling and Inflammation

Blood ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 120 (21) ◽  
pp. 244-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyacinth I Hyacinth ◽  
Beatrice E Gee ◽  
Jenifer H Voeks ◽  
Robert J. Adams ◽  
Jacqueline Hibbert
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Arterial Remodeling ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Lower Serum ◽  
One Year ◽  
Loading Plot ◽  
Rbc Transfusion

Abstract Abstract 244 Stroke is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among children with sickle cell anemia (SCA). Children with SCA at risk for stroke can be identified by transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasound screening for abnormally high cerebral artery blood flow velocity and strokes can be prevented by chronic packed red blood cell (RBC) transfusion. However, the mechanisms that lead to cerebral vasculopathy and stroke in SCA and that explain the beneficial effects of chronic RBC transfusions in stroke prevention are poorly understood. We have previously shown that pre-treatment serum levels of brain derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) and platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) subtypes, biomarkers of cerebral ischemia and arterial remodeling, were associated with both high TCD velocity and development of stroke. We hypothesized that frequency of RBC transfusion would be associated with altered serum levels of neurodegenerative, inflammatory and angiogenic markers in SCA children with high TCD velocity and tested this hypothesis by assaying levels of these markers in post-STOP serum samples. Frozen serum samples drawn one year after subject's exit from the STOP clinical trial phase were utilized. Given the positive trial results, all but 9 subjects had been on chronic transfusion regimen for at least one year at the time of sample collection. Eighty samples were assayed using multiplex antibody immobilized beads (Millipore Corp, Billerica, MA). The mean fluorescent intensity was measured using the Milliplex xMAP system powered by Luminex (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA). Ten biologically related neurodegenerative, inflammatory and angiogenic biomarkers were tested. The total number (frequency) of RBC transfusions recorded over the study period (4 years) for each participant was categorized into High (≥ 40), Moderate (20 – 39) or Low (< 20) frequency of transfusion. Median distribution with 10 – 90th percentile of the levels of biomarkers and TCD velocity were expressed using box-plots and the differences in median distribution between groups based on frequency of transfusion was estimated using Kruskal-Wallis test. A principal component analysis (PCA) loading plot was used to demonstrate the biological relationships between the biomarkers, taking into consideration linear correlations and spatial relationships between them. There were no significant differences in the hematological and anthropometric measures between groups. Overall, our result showed that low transfusion frequency was associated with high serum levels of biomarkers and vice versa, despite no significant difference in hemoglobin level between groups. The high frequency transfusion group had lower serum levels of BDNF (p = 0.02), sVCAM-1 (p < 0.001), PDGF-AA (p < 0.001), CCL5 (p < 0.01), tPAI-1 (p < 0.01) and NCAM (p < 0.01) levels compared with the low frequency transfusion group (figure 1 a – e). Although not shown in the figures, the same pattern was observed with TCD velocity which was lower (160, 115.7 – 204.9 cm/s) in the low compared with the high (195, 154 – 272 cm/s) frequency transfusion group. In addition, the medium frequency transfusion group had significantly lower serum sVCAM-1 (p < 0.01) compared with the low frequency transfusion group and higher PDGF-AA (p < 0.01) compared with the high frequency transfusion group. A PCA loading plot (figure 2) shows clustering of the biomarkers that are most closely biologically related, these are also the biomarkers that were significantly affected by the frequency of transfusion. Red blood cell transfusions in the STOP study were associated with reduced serum levels of biomarkers of angiogenesis (PDGF-AA and sVCAM-1), cerebral ischemia/neuronal survival adaptation (BDNF and NCAM) and inflammation (RANTES/CCL5), and this effect was most pronounced in the group with the highest frequency of transfusions (equivalent to most chronic transfusion regimen). This suggests that the protective effects of chronic RBC transfusions on stroke development in children with SCA may be attributable to improved cerebral perfusion, reduced inflammation and down-regulation of hypoxia-induced angiogenic responses that promote arterial remodeling. One or more in this group of biologically-related and relevant markers may be useful for monitoring children with SCA receiving stroke prevention therapies and for designing treatment targets. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Antibodies against canine distemper virus, parvovirus and Ehrlichia spp. in wild captive carnivores in midwestern Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 1681-1684
Author(s):  
Isis I.G.G. Taques ◽  
Thaís O. Morgado ◽  
Ísis A. Braga ◽  
Regina C.R. Paz ◽  
Sandra H.R. Corrêa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Canine Distemper Virus ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Neutralization Assay ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Canine Distemper ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Virus Neutralization Assay ◽  
Hemagglutination Inhibition Test ◽  
History Of ◽  
Indirect Immunofluorescent

ABSTRACT: The occurrence of antibodies against canine distemper virus (CDV), parvovirus and Ehrlichia spp. in wild captive carnivores was evaluated in a zoological park in midwestern Brazil. Serum samples were collected between 2007 and 2014 from 45 carnivores. Antibodies were evaluated by virus neutralization assay for CDV, hemagglutination inhibition test for parvovirus, indirect immunofluorescent and Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for Ehrlichia spp. Antibodies against CDV and parvovirus were detected in 75% of Canidae and Felidae. Procyonidae were negative for CDV, although one Mustelidae was positive. TwoCanidae presented antibodies reactive to E. canis antigens. The high antibodies rates to CDV and parvovirus suggest the contact with both pathogens, however since no clinical history of disease are registered in the Zoo-UFMT, we can presume that carnivores have responded satisfactorily against the antigens. The low serological rates observed against Ehrlichia spp. may be resulted to the low occurrence of ticks among carnivores.

scholarly journals Development of a double monoclonal antibody–based sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detecting canine distemper virus

2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (24) ◽  
pp. 10725-10735
Author(s):  
Yuan Zhang ◽  
Gang Xu ◽  
Lu Zhang ◽  
Jiakai Zhao ◽  
Pinpin Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Colloidal Gold ◽  
Canine Distemper Virus ◽  
Sandwich Elisa ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Canine Distemper ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Ideal Method

Abstract Canine distemper virus (CDV) infection causes mass mortality in diverse carnivore species. For effective virus surveillance, rapid and sensitive assays are needed to detect CDV in field samples. In this study, after BABL/c mice were immunized with recombinant CDV-fusion (F) protein, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against recombinant CDV-F protein (designated 1A5, 1A6, and 7D5) were produced using traditional hybridoma cell technology. Next, capture antibody (1A6, 800 ng/well) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP)–conjugated detection antibody (HRP-7D5, 1:100, 500 ng/well) were used in a double monoclonal antibody–based sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for CDV detection after optimization of both mAb amounts per well using a checkerboard titration test. Based on sandwich ELISA test results for 120 known CDV-negative samples, the cutoff value for a positive result was set to an OD450 nm value ≥ 0.196. As compared with test results obtained from commercial immune colloidal gold test strips, the low limits of detection for the two assays were revealed to be 100 TCID50 per 100 μL. In addition, the sandwich ELISA agreed 100% and 96.4% with commercial immune colloidal gold test strips when testing serum and stool samples. The sandwich ELISA assay provided statistically similar CDV detection. Thus, the sandwich ELISA developed here to detect CDV in fecal and serum samples provided good sensitivity, high specificity, and good reproducibility and should serve as an ideal method for large-scale surveillance of CDV infections in carnivores. Key points • Three CDV mAbs that recognized different epitopes and bound to virion were generated. • The sandwich ELISA based mAbs to detect CDV in fecal and serum samples was developed. • The sandwich ELISA is an ideal method for detecting CDV infections in the field.

Serial Serum Cytokine Measurement in a Patient with Systemic Scleromyxedema.

Blood ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 110 (11) ◽  
pp. 5100-5100
Author(s):  
Timothy Devos ◽  
Wouter Meersseman ◽  
Benedicte Dubois ◽  
Jozef Goebels ◽  
Gregor Verhoef ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Pulse Therapy ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
One Year ◽  
High Dose Melphalan

Abstract Systemic scleromyxedema (SSME) is a generalized and rare variant of lichen myxedematosus and is characterized by cutaneous papular mucinous deposits and extracutaneous manifestations. In 80% of the cases, SSME is associated with a monoclonal gammopathy and in approximately 10% with multiple myeloma. Pulmonary, gastrointestinal, rheumatologic and severe neurologic complications have been described. Clonal plasma cells are thought to stimulate excessive fibroblast proliferation resulting in the clinical presentation of this disorder, but little is known about the cytokine-mediated crosstalk between the monoclonal plasma cells and fibroblasts. For that purpose, we have sequentially measured the serum levels of the cytokines VEGF, FGF-b, TGF-b1 and IL-6 in a 39-year old male patient diagnosed with SSME and an IgG kappa paraprotein. The patient presented with repeated generalized epileptic insults, cognitive impairment, and progressively developed thickened skin furrows at the level of the glabella. The diagnosis of SSME was histologically proven. A transient neurologic improvement was seen after plasmapheresis and dexamethason pulse therapy and stem cells were subsequently mobilized with the CAD regimen (cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, dexamethason) and readministered after high dose melphalan. The neutropenic phase was complicated by sepsis and progressive neurological deterioration, after which the decision was taken to start with thalidomide at the dose of 200 mg/d. The patient gradually improved and one year later his cognitive function has normalized and the skin lesions have disappeared. A small M-spike remains visible on serum electrophoresis. Levels of VEGF, FGF-b, TGF-b1 and IL-6 were quantified by ELISA on platelet-poor serum and were measured at diagnosis and at six and twelve months after transplantation. Compared to the high pre-treatment levels of all four cytokines, a decrease was observed during the months after transplantation and at six months. Table 1: serum levels of VEGF, b-FGF, TGF-b1 and IL-6 in a patient with SSME before ASCT 6 months after ASCT one year after ASCT value = mean of 5 serum samples +/− SD VEGF (pg/ml) 227,87 (+/−33,3) 110,81 (+/−24,8) 189,61 (+/−13,5) b-FGF (ng/ml) 17,77 (+/−0,32) 1,93 (+/−0,29) 1,64 (+/−0,37) TGF-b1 (ng/ml) 37,94 (+/−1,21) 20,45 (+/−0,85) 18,95 (+/−0,49) IL-6 (pg/ml) 92,82 (+/−3,2) 33,2 (+/−5,3) 32,0 (+/−4,5) One year after administration of high-dose melphalan and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ASCT), the serum levels of FGF-b, TGF-b1 and IL-6 remain low. Remarkably, since the dose of thalidomide has been tapered because of persistent ulnar neuropathy, the serum concentration of VEGF is increasing but not reaching the pre-transplant levels. We conclude from this report that serum levels of VEGF, FGF-b, TGF-b and IL-6 follow the clinical evolution in this patient with SSME, suggesting a role for these cytokines in the pathogenesis of SSME.

Effect Of Blood Transfusion Therapy On Coagulation Activation In Sickle Cell Disease Patients With High TCD Velocity

Blood ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 122 (21) ◽  
pp. 2225-2225
Author(s):  
Hyacinth Idu Hyacinth ◽  
Robert J. Adams ◽  
Jacqueline Hibbert ◽  
Beatrice E Gee
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Blood Transfusions ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
One Year ◽  
Post Trial ◽  
Time Point

Abstract Sickle cell disease (SCD) is associated with global activation of procoagulant and proinflammatory molecules and an increased tendency to thrombosis and development of stroke. High TCD velocity is associated with increased risk for stroke and we have shown that high TCD velocity positively correlates with high serum levels of platelet derived growth factor (PDGF)–AA. Further, high frequency of packed red blood cell (PRBC) transfusion was associated with lower serum levels of PDGF-AA, sVCAM-1 and total plasminogen activator inhibitor (tPAI)–1. Lower baseline serum levels of PDGF-AA, sVCAM-1 and tPAI-1was associated with significantly higher stroke free survival. Other studies have shown that high levels of thrombin-antithrombin (TAT) complex and von Willebrand factor (vWF) is associated with acute chest syndrome and other SCD complications. There is paucity of information in their relationship with SCD associated stroke or the effect of chronic PRBC transfusion these markers of coagulopathy in SCD. We hypothesized that serum levels of VWF, TAT and other markers of coagulopathy will decrease in response to chronic PRBC transfusion in subjects with high TCD velocity on transfusion for primary stroke prevention. Our hypothesis was tested using stored serum samples from the STOP study. Stored serum samples (at baseline, study exit and one year post-trial) of subjects who were part of STOP trial, 40 from each arms (standard care [SC] and transfusion [Tx]) and at each time point of the trial (i.e. 80 at baseline, 80 at study exit and 80 at one year post-trial) were obtained and analyzed using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (Abcam PLC., Cambridge, MA) for serum vWF and TAT complex levels. In addition, 10 samples each from children with SCD and Normal TCD velocity (SNTCD) and healthy controls (HbAA) were assayed for comparison. Briefly, samples and reagents were allowed to warm up to room temperature and assayed according to the manufacturer's protocols. Absorbance was read using a Softmax Pro (Molecular Devices LLC, Sunnyvale, CA) and concentration calculated based on a linear curve with an R2 of 0.95 or greater, generated using manufacturer provided standards. Data were presented in median with ranges. Bar graphs of median concentration with range against treatment arm at each time point were plotted. Similar bar graph of median TCD velocity against treatment arm was plotted for comparison with vWF and TAT complex at baseline and study exit respectively. Finally, scatter plots with regression line were used to show linear relationship between serum levels of vWF and TAT and number of blood transfusions from baseline to post-trial time point. The characteristics of these subjects have already been published elsewhere. At baseline (figure 1A-C), there was no significant difference in median serum levels of vWF, TAT complex or median TCD velocity between SC and Tx groups, p>0.05. But vWF and TAT levels were significantly higher among SC or Tx than for either HbAA or SNTCD, p<0.001. At exit (figure 1D-F), the median vWF level was significantly lower in the Tx group [41.8 (28.6, 49.0) mU/ml], compared to 55.4 (42.7, 63.0) mU/ml in the SC group, p<0.001. Similarly, the median TAT complex levels were significantly lower in the Tx group [24.8 (4.5, 43.8) ng/ml] compared to the SC group [40.0 (13.9, 62.6) ng/ml], p<0.001. Correspondingly, the median TCD velocity was significantly lower in the Tx group [158 (102, 296) cm/s] compared to 203 (103, 287) cm/s in the SC group, p<0.001. Pearson's correlation analysis showed that high TCD velocity had a significant positive correlation with serum vWF (r=0.36, p=0.003) and TAT complex (r=0.27, p=0.03) (Figure 2A&B). The number of PRBC transfusion received by the end of the post-trial period showed significant negative correlation with serum vWF (r=-0.39, p<0.001) and TCD velocity (r=-0.34, p=0.004) (Figure 2C&D). But, there was no significant correlation between hemoglobin levels and either TCD velocity or serum levels of vWF or TAT complex (data not shown). We have found that individuals with SCA and high stroke risk have higher levels of vWF and TAT complex at baseline. Blood transfusions lowered these levels and TCD velocities in the high risk subjects. Thrombosis may play a role in the pathobiology of stroke in SCD and blood transfusions to prevent stroke appear to reduce activation of coagulation. Prospective observational studies are warranted to confirm these findings. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals First description of sarcoptic mange in a wild coati (Nasua narica), in Ecuador, and cooccurrence of canine distemper virus

2022 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Villalba-Briones ◽  
Cristian Barros-Diaz ◽  
Abel Gallo-Pérez ◽  
Miquel Blasco-Carlos ◽  
Eliana B. Molineros
Keyword(s):  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Canine Distemper Virus ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Sarcoptic Mange ◽  
Canine Distemper ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Veterinary Clinic ◽  
First Report ◽  
Nasua Narica

Abstract We present a case of Sarcoptes and canine distemper virus (CDV) infection in a white-nosed coati (Nasua narica) that was trapped in the dry tropical forest of Cerro Blanco reserve, located in the coastal region of Ecuador. Sarcoptic mange is a highly contagious and zoonotic disease with worldwide distribution that causes epidemics. Mange is produced by Sarcoptes mites that causes severe epidermal damage. Secondary infections and physiological constrictions without treatment can lead to death of the host. In addition, cooccurrence of canine distemper virus was detected via iiRT-PCR from serum samples. Physical analyses showed that 90% of the skin was affected by severe alopecia due to the sarcoptic mange infection. The presence of mites and histopathological analyses confirmed the diagnosis of infection. This coati was taken to a veterinary clinic and was fed every day, but it died after four days. This is the first report of sarcoptic mange and the first report of CDV in white-nosed coatis in South America. Further studies are needed in this region, to seek out other suspected cases, given the high capacity for disease transmission. Preventive actions to avoid epidemic and zoonotic episodes are needed.

scholarly journals Role of periostin in evaluating the responsiveness of allergic patients to allergen-specific immunotherapy

2022 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 184-190
Author(s):  
Nashwa M Selim ◽  
Somia El Sheikh ◽  
Wafaa S Metwally
Keyword(s):  
Specific Immunotherapy ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Allergen Specific Immunotherapy ◽  
Prick Test ◽  
Symptom Scores ◽  
Before And After ◽  
One Year

Objectives: Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) has been considered the most effective treatment for IgE mediated allergies, especially respiratory allergies. Several biomarkers have been developed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of AIT, yet none of them have been thoroughly validated. So our objective here is to investigate the usefulness of periostin as a biomaker for monitoring the efficacy of allergen immunotherapy. Materials and methods: This study included 46 healthy non-atopic volunteers and 46 patients with allergic rhinitis (AR). They were sensitized only to date palm pollen. The participants were tested by skin prick test and total serum IgE levels were measured. Serum samples were collected from healthy subjects and allergic patients before and after the one-year AIT. Serum levels of periostin, eotaxin, and sIL-2R were estimated by ELISA. Symptom scores in the allergic patients were also evaluated before and after completing one year AIT. Results: There is a significant increase in serum levels of IgE, periostin, sIL-2R, and eotaxin in allergic patients as compared to healthy controls. Symptom scores, sIL-2R and serum periostin levels were significantly decreased after one-year AIT in AR patients. Conclusion: Periostin can be used as a biomarker to evaluate AIT efficacy in AR patients. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 21(1) 2022 Page : 184-190

scholarly journals Evaluating Serum Heat Shock Protein Levels as Novel Biomarkers for Atrial Fibrillation

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 2105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise M. S. van Marion ◽  
Eva A. H. Lanters ◽  
Kennedy S. Ramos ◽  
Jin Li ◽  
Marit Wiersma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Heat Shock Protein ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Novel Biomarkers ◽  
One Year ◽  
Af Recurrence

Background: Staging of atrial fibrillation (AF) is essential to understanding disease progression and the accompanied increase in therapy failure. Blood-based heat shock protein (HSP) levels may enable staging of AF and the identification of patients with higher risk for AF recurrence after treatment. Objective: This study evaluates the relationship between serum HSP levels, presence of AF, AF stage and AF recurrence following electrocardioversion (ECV) or pulmonary vein isolation (PVI). Methods: To determine HSP27, HSP70, cardiovascular (cv)HSP and HSP60 levels, serum samples were collected from control patients without AF and patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF), persistent (PeAF) and longstanding persistent (LSPeAF) AF, presenting for ECV or PVI, prior to intervention and at 3-, 6- and 12-months post-PVI. Results: The study population (n = 297) consisted of 98 control and 199 AF patients admitted for ECV (n = 98) or PVI (n = 101). HSP27, HSP70, cvHSP and HSP60 serum levels did not differ between patients without or with PAF, PeAF or LSPeAF. Additionally, baseline HSP levels did not correlate with AF recurrence after ECV or PVI. However, in AF patients with AF recurrence, HSP27 levels were significantly elevated post-PVI relative to baseline, compared to patients without recurrence. Conclusions: No association was observed between baseline HSP levels and the presence of AF, AF stage or AF recurrence. However, HSP27 levels were increased in serum samples of patients with AF recurrence within one year after PVI, suggesting that HSP27 levels may predict recurrence of AF after ablative therapy.

Serological and Nucleocapsid Gene Based Molecular Characterization of Canine Distemper Virus (CDV) Isolated from Dogs of Southern Gujarat, India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhruv Desai ◽  
Irshadullakhan Kalyani ◽  
Jayesh Solanki ◽  
Dharmesh Patel ◽  
Pushpa Makwana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Mdck Cell ◽  
Canine Distemper Virus ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Canine Distemper ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Mdck Cell Line ◽  
One Step

Background: The present study was undertaken to diagnose and characterize canine distemper virus (CDV) isolated from dogs of southern Gujarat, India. CDV is lethal disease of canines and felines. Total of 40 different samples were collected from 18 suspected stray dogs having different clinical signs which were processed for diagnosis and characterization of CDV.Methods: All samples were processed by employing different methods like, Immunochromatography based lateral flow test (LFA), IgG based indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (i-ELISA), one step RT-PCR, nested one step RT-PCR and virus isolation in MDCK cell line. Restriction endonuclease (RE) analysis was used to characterize CDV Nucleocapsid (N) gene. Conclusion: Only 04 samples (02 nasal and 02 ocular swabs) of 02 dogs found positive for LFA, while 14 serum samples out of 17 samples of 18 dogs found positive for IgG antibody. As all dogs were unvaccinated, serum samples found positive in IgG based ELISA considered for confirmative positive for CDV infection. Whereas 13 samples of 10 dogs found positive for one step RT-PCR and nested one step RT-PCR. In RE digestion, characteristic two bands were found. All representative CDV positive samples of 10 dogs showed characteristic cytopathic effect in MDCK cell line. On age group wise percent positivity was found 71.42 % (05/07) in 0 - ≤6 months, while 77.77% (07/09) in 6- ≤12 months of age group, whereas, both samples were found positive in 12 months and above group. Overall 77.77% (14/18) dogs found positive for CDV infection. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on study of CDV infection in dogs from Gujarat state, India.

scholarly journals Sero-surveillance and sero-monitoring of locally produced PPR vaccine in the field and experimental level

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Ehsanul Kabir ◽  
Md Mokbul Hossain ◽  
Md Ershaduzzaman ◽  
Md Abu Yousuf ◽  
Md Rafiqul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Live Attenuated Vaccine ◽  
Antibody Titres ◽  
Immunization Study ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Year ◽  
Group B

Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) is a highly contagious, economically important viral disease of goats with high morbidity and mortality. To control the disease effectively a live attenuated vaccine is available in Bangladesh which is produced by Livestock Research Institute (LRI), Mohakhali, Dhaka. The study was carried out to determine the immune status and immune response against PPR in field and experimental Black Bengal goats. Sero-surveillance of PPR was conducted by using c-ELISA in non-vaccinated 240 goats in Gazipur, Sirajgonj and Barisal. Out of the 240 goats tested, of which only 39 (20.31%) goats had positive level of PPR antibodies while 16.25% (13 out of 80 goats) in Gazipur, 28.75% (23 out of 80 goats) in Barisal and 3.75% ((3 out of 80 goats)) in Sirajgonj. In case of sero-monitoring of PPR, the result revealed that vaccinated goats from Rajshahi showed high positive result and have higher seroprevalence where 75% (60 out of 80 goats) were seropositive and only 25% (20 out of 80 goats) are seronegative. These result indicated that vaccinated Rajshahi goats is more resistant for PPR virus than non vaccinated goats. In experimentally to perform sero-monitoring, 10 seronegative goats were selected and divided into two equal groups (A and B).The immunization study against PPR with a commercial PPR vaccine was conducted on 5 goats of group A by inoculating @ 1.0 ml vaccine / animal subcutaneously and group B kept as non-vaccinated. The antibody titres against PPR in goats were determined at 0 day on vaccination and after 21DPV, 180DPV and 365DPV. The results found that 100% (5 out 5goats) seronegative in both vaccinated goats of group A and non-vaccinated goats of group B at 0 day on vaccination. The mean negative titres± SD were 79.285±13.921 and 76.707±9.265 in vaccinated group A and group B, respectively. The mean positive titers ±SD were 20.201±2.480, 8.630±4.970 and 11.382±1.419 at 21DPV, 180DPV an 365DPV, respectively in group A (100% seropositive). In case of non-vaccinated group B, the mean negative titres±SD were 74.258±7.793, 77.726±9.142 and 82.965±7.492 at 21DPV, 180DPV and 365DPV, respectively (100% seronegative). As it is observed, the antibody titres remain at the level over the period of time that indicates the immune response against PPR. From this finding, it is said that PPR vaccine could produce immune response in goats for about one year or 365 days.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2016, 2(1): 33-37

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