scholarly journals Bitter Leaves Ethanol Extract (Vernonia amygdalina) Decreases Total Cholesterol Serum Level of Hypercholesterolemic Male Wistar Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana C Hasan ◽  
Hendra Subroto ◽  
Grace Puspasari
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Group Vi ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Hypercholesterolemia is an important risk factors of atherosclerosis. Bitter leaf is believed to have potency in decreasing plasma lipid. The aim of this study is to study the effect of bitter leaf ethanol extract in decreasing total cholesterol serum levels on hypercholesterolemic male Wistar rats. This is a true experimental laboratory study with complete randomized design. Antidyslipidemia effect was tested with HFF induction and Propiltiourasil 0,01% towards 30 rats which were divided into 6 groups: groups I as normal control (standard diet), groups II, III, and IV were given bitter leaf ethanol extract of 100 mg/kgBW, 200 mg/kgBW, and 400 mg/kgBW dose, group V as positive control group with Simvastatin, and group VI as negative with aquades. HFF  were given for 14 days then the study was continued for 14 days. The percentage data of the declining total cholesterol levels before and after treatments is analyzed with ANAVA, continued with LSD test. The result between group II, III, and IV with group VI shows a significant difference p<0,01. We concluded bitter leaf ethanol extract can decrease the level of total cholesterol serum of hypercholesterolmic Wistar rats.

Safety Evaluation of Crude Ethanol Extract of Waltheria Indica Linn. Root In Male Wistar Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-125
Author(s):  
A. Basiru
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Hepatic Necrosis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Percentage Increase ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Group A ◽  
Renal Tubular

Safety evaluation of Waltheria indica Linn. root was carried out in Wistar rats. Twenty adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups (n=5); A–D. Group A served as control group while groups B, C and D were administered with 200, 400 and 800 mg/Kg of crude ethanol extract of Waltheria indica Linn. root. After 28 days of administration, the rats were sacrificed and blood samples were collected and serum prepared. Haematological and biochemical parameters, as well as serum electrolyte were determined according to standard procedures. The 200 mg/Kg of Waltheria indica Linn. root caused the highest percentage increase in body weight. The kidney was also significantly increased at 400 mg/kg. The total WBC and lymphocytes counts were significantly increased at 400 mg/kg. The serum levels of ALT and chloride were significantly increased at 800 mg/kg. Waltheria indica Linn. root also caused hepatic necrosis and renal tubular degeneration in Wistar rats. Therefore, Waltheria indica Linn. root should be used with caution especially at higher dose despite its therapeutic potentials.

Desenvolvimento de um Modelo Experimental de Dislipidemia de Baixo Custo/Development of low Cost Dislipidemia Experimental Model

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-32
Author(s):  
Nilo César do Vale Baracho ◽  
Lázaro Alessandro Soares Nunes ◽  
Kalina Tondato De Paula e Silva ◽  
Thiago Fernandes Marques ◽  
André Luiz Rios Dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Experimental Model ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Standard Ration

Objetivo: Desenvolver um novo método experimental de baixo custo para indução de dislipidemia em ratos. Materiais e Métodos: Foram utilizados 20 ratos, da linhagem Wistar, divididos em dois grupos (n=10). O grupo 1 (controle) recebeu ração padrão para ratos da marca Purina® (com concentração padrão de colesterol) e o grupo 2 recebeu a mesma ração adicionada de 0,5% p/p de colesterol, obtido através da gema de ovo (grupo experimental), por 50 dias. Resultados: o grupo tratado com ração padrão da marca Purina® adicionada de 0,5% p/p de colesterolapresentou aumento significativo dos níveis séricos de colesterol total (118,6± 4,74 vs. 84,2±5,0 mg/dL, p<0,01 ), LDL-C (54,4± 7,9 vs. 23,6 ±7,0 mg/dL, p<0,01), VLDL-C (45,9±1,2 vs. 29,0± 5,8 mg/dL, p<0,01) e triglicérides (229,3±6,0 vs 145,0± 28,9 mg/dL, p<0,01) e redução significativa do HDL-C (18,3±4,8  vs. 31,7±5,6 mg/dL, p<0,01), quando comparado ao grupo controle. Conclusão: A utilização da ração padrão da marca Purina® adicionada de 0,5% p/p de colesterol mostrou-se eficaz em produzir alterações significativas nos níveis séricos de colesterol total, LDL-colesterol, VLDL-colesterol, HDL-colesterol e triglicérides, demonstrando que este modelo experimental de baixo custo constitui uma ferramenta útil para produzir dislipidemia em ratos. Palavras-Chave: Dislipidemia, modelo experimental, ratos. ABSTRACTObjective: Development of a new experimental low-cost method for induction of dislipidemia in rats. Materials and Methods: Twenty male Wistar rats were used, allocated in two groups (n = 10). Group 1 (control) received a standard diet for rats Purina® mark (with a standard concentration of cholesterol) and group 2 received the same chow and 0.5% p/p cholesterol obtained through yolk (Group experimental) for 50 days. Results: The group treated with the standard ration Purina® branded and 0.5% p/p cholesterol showed a significant increase in serum total cholesterol (118,6± 4,74 vs. 84,2±5,0 mg/dL, p<0,01 ), LDL-C (54,4± 7,9 vs. 23,6 ±7,0mg/dL, p<0,01), VLDL-C (45,9±1,2 vs. 29,0± 5,8 mg/dL, p<0,01) and triglycerides (229,3±6,0 vs 145,0± 28,9 mg/dL, p<0,01) and significant reduction of HDL-C (18,3±4,8  vs. 31,7±5,6 mg/dL, p<0,01) when compared to the control group. Conclusion: The use of standard ration Purina® branded and added to 0.5% p/p cholesterol was effective in producing significant changes in serum levels of total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, VLDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides, demonstrating that this experimental model makes a useful low cost tool to produce dyslipidemia in rats. Keywords: Dyslipidemia, experimental model, rats

scholarly journals Cardioprotective effects of Citrullus lanatus rinds in male wistar rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-129
Author(s):  
O. G. Akintunde ◽  
E. S. Ajibola ◽  
S. A. V. Abakpa ◽  
B. O. Oluwo ◽  
J. O. Olukunle
Keyword(s):  
Risk Ratio ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Cardiac Risk ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Dose Dependent

Water melon, citrullus lanatus is a common edible fruit belongs to the family of cucumber (Cucurbitacea). The outer part of citrullus lanatus known as the rind is always discarded. This study investigated the effects of ethanol extract of citrullus lanatus rinds orally administered on some liver function enzymes, kidney function markers, cardiac risk ratio, and the atherogenic coefficient indices in male wistar rats. Twenty-five male Wistar albino rats were randomly distributed into five groups (I, II, III, IV and V) of five rats each received 0mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, 200mg/kg, 400mg/kg and 800mg/kg of ethanol extract of Citrullus lanatus rinds respectively for 35days. The result showed that the effects of ethanol extract of citrullus lanatus rinds was not significant difference (p > 0.05) in serum liver enzymes (Aspartate aminotransferase, Alanine aminotransferase, Alkaline phosphatase) in increasing dose dependent manner when compared with control group. There were no significant differences (p > 0.05) in serum levels of urea and creatinine with increasing dose of ethanol extract of Citrullus lanatus rinds in rats when compared with control group. The extract showed significantly higher (p< 0.05) values in the serum HDL, cholesterol but there were significant reduction (p< 0.05) in the serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, VLDL and non-HDL values in rats at higher doses of the extract when compared with control group. While it was observed that the cardiac risk ratio, the atherogenic coefficient and indices decreased significantly (p< 0.05) in rats at increasing doses of ethanol extract of Citrullus lanatus rinds when compared with control group. This may suggest a likely cardio-protective effects of ethanol extract of Citrullus lanatus rinds in increasing dose dependent manner in rats when compared with control group. In conclusion, it can be inferred that Citrullus lanatus rinds can be consumed by animals without detrimental effect.

scholarly journals Difference in Level of Malondialdehyde, Total Cholesterol, and Triglyceride After Administration of Passion Fruit Seed’s Ethanol Extract in Wistar Rats

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dina Keumala Sari ◽  
Marianne Marianne ◽  
Sri Lestari ◽  
Lidya Imelda Laksmi
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Preclinical Trial ◽  
Significant Difference

High oxidative stress in cells due to inflammation process or excessive cell proliferation would produce oxidants or free radicals with biomarkers, one of which is malondialdehyde (MDA). Passion fruit seed&rsquo;s contain high antioxidant and are expected to decrease the level of cholesterol and MDA. The objective is to identify the effect of passion fruit seed&rsquo;s ethanol extract in Wistar rats that have been fed with atherogenic feed. The method was preclinical trial (post-test control group design) in rats, by administering passion fruit seed&rsquo;s ethanol extract for 14 days. This study used 26 male rats aged two months, divided into 5 groups. The result showed significant difference in MDA level which was found in group that was given passion fruit seed extract 10mg/kg BW with positive control group that was given standard feed. Passion fruit seed&rsquo;s extract showed significant difference in level of triglyceride, which was found in negative control group that was given atherogenic feed with group that was given passion fruit seed&rsquo;s extract 5mg/kg BW (mean&plusmn;standard deviation: 1.09&plusmn;0.30 mg/dL vs 0.77&plusmn;0.25mg/dL; p=0.048). This study showed that passion fruit seed&rsquo;s ethanol extract had significant lowering effect in level of MDA, total cholesterol, and triglyceride for 14 days.

scholarly journals The Analysis of Osteoblast Cell Number on Femur Fractures Provided Red Spinach Extract (Amaranthus tricolor L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Ferdian Nugroho ◽  
Aris Prasetyo ◽  
Muhammad Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Fracture Healing ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Osteoblast Cell ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Bone fracture is a musculoskeletal injury with a high incidence rate. The healing process of the fracture can be inhibited by oxidative stress, which occurs due to Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) that exceeds the antioxidant capacity in the body that neutralizes it. Antioxidants that have red spinach have the potential to suppress the level of oxidative stress. This study aims to determine the effect of red spinach ethanol extract on the healing process of fracture in male Wistar rats through osteoblast cell count. A sample of 30 male Wistar rats was divided into five groups; negative control group, positive control group, and three groups of red spinach ethanol treatment with doses of 35.4 mg / 150 g body weight (BW), 70.8 mg / 150 gBW, and 141.6 mg / 150gBW induced fracture, splinted, then treated for one week. One Way Anova test results showed a significance of 0.000 (p <0.05) in which there was a significant difference in the osteoblast level between the treatment group and the control group. The result of LSD test between P1 group and P3 group showed significantly different result where the increase of osteoblast cell number was in line with the increase of the dose of red spinach ethanol extract. The conclusion is that red spinach ethanol extract has a positive impact during the fracture healing process with osteoblast cell number parameters. Keywords: Red spinach ethanolic extract, fracture healing process, osteoblast, oxidative stress

scholarly journals Synthesis of Silver Nano-particles by Electrochemical Method and the Effects on the Serum Levels of Thyroid Hormones (T3, T4) in Adult Male Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
Zohreh Parang ◽  
◽  
Davood Moghadamnia ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Electrochemical Method ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
The Mean

Background: Silver nano-particles have anti-fungal properties. In the present study, silver nano-particles were synthesized by electrochemical method and its effects on the serum levels ofT3 and T4 hormones were investigated in adult male rats. Methods: In this experimental study, 28 adult male Wistar rats weighing approximately 180-220g were divided into 4 groups of 7 rats. The control group (no treatment). The experimental groups 1and 2 received silver intraperitoneal nano-particle doses of 25 and 100 mg/kg, respectively, for 14 days. The nano-aprticles had been synthesized at 75 seconds interval. The experimental group 3 received silver nano-particles that were synthesized at 300 seconds interval with an intraperitoneal dose of 25 mg/kg for 14 days. At the end of this period, blood samples were obtained from the rats’ hearts, and the serum levels of T3 and T4 hormones were measured. The results were statistically analyzed using ANOVA and Duncan tests. Results: At the completion of the study, there was no significant difference in the mean body weights in all experimental groups compared to control group. The results showed that the mean serum levels of T3 hormone in the experimental group1 increased significantly relative to the control group. However, there was no significant difference in the mean serum levels of T4 hormone in all experimental groups compared to that in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Silver nano-particles increased the serum T3 hormone level in male Wistar rats.

scholarly journals The Effect of Pegagan (Centella Asiatica (L.) Urban) Ethanol Extracts on Hippocampal PSD-95 Protein Expression in Male Wistar Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Adibah Ferhad ◽  
Auliyani Andam Suri ◽  
Astri Handayani ◽  
Sri Redjeki ◽  
Ria Kodariah
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Memory Function ◽  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Immunohistochemical Method ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

One effort to overcome the decline in memory function is through herbal medicine. Pegagan (Centella asiatica (L.) Urban) contain the active components of triterpenoid and flavonoids, has been known to be able to improve memory function. Synaptic plasticity is the basis of memory formation which is strongly influenced by synapse proteins such as PSD-95. Loss of PSD-95 protein can cause memory function decline. This study aims to determine the effect of 70% ethanol extract of pegagan toward PSD-95 protein expression on hippocampus of male Wistar rat. Eighteen male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups, 6 rats/group: group (1) given ethanol extract of pegagan with dose 300 mg / kgBW / day (CA300), (2) given ethanol extract of pegagan with dose 600 mg / kgBW / day (CA600), and (3) control group (K), given daily aquadest. All three groups were treated for 28 consecutive days. At the end of the treatment period, rats were decapitated and the hippocampus was isolated from the brain. Analysis of protein was done by immunohistochemical method. Statistical analysis was performed by One Way ANOVA parametric test followed by Post-Hoc Bonferroni. The results showed that there was no significant difference between group K and group CA300 (P = 0.123), whereas there were significant differences between CA600 group and K group and CA300 group (P = 0.000). From this research, it can be concluded that 70% ethanol extract of pegagan with dose 600mg / kgBW / day can increase expression of PSD-95 protein on hippocampus of male Wistar rat.

Pengaruh Profilaksis Ekstrak Ubi Jalar Ungu (Ipomoea batatas L.) terhadap Kadar Malondialdehida Hepar Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus) Jantan Galur Wistar yang Diinduksi Karagenan

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 146
Author(s):  
BRILIAN DINANTI ◽  
FITRI HANDAJANI
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intraplantar Injection ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Potato Extract ◽  
Purple Sweet Potato

<p>Liver is an organ with complex metabolism. When the liver is inflamed, cellular immunity will defend against inflammatory agents by stimulating immune cells to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). Excessive ROS accumulation cause oxydative stress with increased  liver malondialdehyde (MDA) level. Some researches showed that purple sweet potato contain flavonoids (anthocyanins) that functioned as antioxydants. This study aimed to show the prophylactic effect of purple sweet potato extract to the liver MDA level of male Wistar rats induced by carrageenan.</p><p>This study used post-only control group method using 18 male Wistar rats divided into 3 groups: group of rats without treatment, group of rats induced by 0,1 ml of 1% carrageenan by intraplantar injection on day-8, and group of rats given with 872 mg/kgBW of purple sweet potato extract for 7 days and induced by 0,1 ml of 1% carrageenan. In the end of the study, the liver MDA levels were measured by Thio-Barbituric Acid method on each groups.</p><p>The results of One-Way ANOVA test showed there was no significant difference (p = 0,290) between group of rats without treatment (<em>x̅</em>= 207,50) and group of rats induced by carrageenan (<em>x̅</em>=233,17). Then, there is no significant difference (p = 0.978) between group of rats induced by carrageenan and group of rats given with prophylactic purple sweet potato extract and induced by carrageenan (<em>x̅</em>= 232,50).</p><p>The conclusion of this study is giving intraplantar injection of carrageenan can increase liver MDA level insignificantly and giving prophylactic purple sweet potato extract has an effect to decrease the liver MDA level of rats induced by carragenan insignificantly because it contains anthocyanins as antioxidants.</p><p> </p><strong>Keywords: </strong>Liver, <em>Ipomoea batatas</em> L., Malondialdehyde, Anthocyanins

Potential Antiseptic of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa leaves extract on Healing wound in Male Wistar rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 3143-3149
Author(s):  
Endang Sri Purwanti Ningsih ◽  
Noorlaila Noorlaila ◽  
Ikhwan Rizki Muhammad ◽  
Windy Yuliana Budianto
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Wound Care ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Rhodomyrtus Tomentosa

Background: The process of wound healing is influenced by various factors such as age, hormones, and wound care. Wound care is done to accelerate wound healing which can be done by various methods, one of them is traditional care. Traditional wound care can use medicinal plants. Rhodomyrtus tomentosa is a medicinal plant that has an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor and antibacterial content. Thus this study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the antiseptic solution of the Rodhomyrtus tomentosa leaf extract on wound healing in male Wistar rats. Method: this research is pure experimental research with post test only control group design. Thirty male white rats were divided into five groups, namely negative control, positive control, Rhodomyrtus tomentosa leaf extract 15%, 30%, and 60%. Rhodomyrtus tomentosa leaf extraction was carried out by maceration method with 70% ethano solvent. The extraction results are divided into 3 concentrations (15%, 30% and 60%). The wound healing process was evaluated by measuring the length of the wound manually from 0 to 10 days in each group. Meanwhile, the number of fibroblast cells was calculated through hematoxylin eosin (HE) staining and observed using an Olympus CX41 microscope with a 10x magnification and objective lens magnification in 3 fields. Result: There was a significant difference in the reduction in wound length (p =< 0,000) between the five experimental groups (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa leaf extract solution 15%, 30% and 60%, negative control and positive control. Solution of rhodomyrtus tomentosa leaf extract accelerated the increase in the number of fibroblasts compared to the negative control group (p = 0.003), but did not make a difference (p = 0.403) with the positive control group. Rhodomyrtus tomentosa leaf extraction solution had the same microscopic effect on the number of fibroblasts with a positive control group given 0.9% NaCl solution. Conclusion: There was a significant difference in the number of fibroblasts between all groups, but no difference in wound healing length.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PEMBERIAN GEL KOMBINASI EKSTRAK GETAH PEPAYA (Carica papaya L) DAN EKSTRAK DAGING LIDAH BUAYA (Aloe vera) TERHADAP PROSES PENYEMBUHAN ULKUS TRAUMATIKUS PADA MALE WISTAR RATS YANG MENDERITA DIABETES MELITUS

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Umi Kulsum ◽  
Ratnawati Hendari ◽  
Siti Chumaeroh
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Ulcer Healing ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Povidone Iodine ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Papaya Latex

Introduction: Research on the use of papaya and aloevera sap on wound healing each been done, but effects the combination of the two extracts on wound healing in diabetes mellitus condition has not been done.Purpose: This study aims to determine the effect of a gel combination of papaya latex and aloevera flesh extracts on the traumatics ulcer healing process in diabetic rats.Methods: True experimental laboratory research with the post-test-only control group design that performed on 28 male wistar rats which were divided intofour groups: DM and non-DM rat that treatment with povidone iodine and gel combination of papaya latex and aloevera flesh extract. The treatment was done for 7 days with smearing that was given 2x/day. Traumatics ulcer healing seen from the number of fibroblasts that then were analyzed by One WayAnova and post hoc LSD test.Results: The results showed the number of fibroblasts in DM and non-DM rat with povidone iodine were 44.6 and 42.73; in the DM and non-DM rat with a gel combination of papaya latex and aloe vera flesh extracts were 61.10 and 77.03. One Way Anova test resulted p-value = 0.000, it was mean that there were at least a significant difference on the number of fibroblasts in the two groups. Differences of the number fibroblasts was shown in all groups, except in the group DM and non-DM rats with povidone iodine (p = 0.764).Conclusion: Conclusion of the study was the provision of a gel combination of papaya latex and aloevera flesh extracts effect on the traumatics ulcer healing process in diabetic rats.

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