FULLERENES: PHYSICO-CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF AMINO ACIDS, PEPTIDES AND OTHER WATER SOLUBLE DERIVATIVES

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitriy Kurilov ◽  
Igor Zavarzin ◽  
Igor Yamskov ◽  
Olga Yamskova ◽  
Aleksandr Egorov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Physico Chemical

scholarly journals A Study of the Physico-Chemical and Phytochemical Parameters of Leaves of Mallotus rhamnifolius

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Loganathan V. ◽  
Devi Kaniakumari M ◽  
Selvakumar P.
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Solvent Extraction ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Physico Chemical

India being a rich and varied collection of medicinal plants since the Vedic age. The present study deals with the phytochemical screening of Mallotus rhamnifolius leaves of extraction belonging to family Euphorbiaceae. This study includes preparedness of different extracts by successive solvent extraction of varying polarity of Petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and Ethanol: water (95:5) extracts for detailed analysis. Phytochemical screening determinate by some chemical tests study was carried out for different solvent extracts. Phytochemical screening reflects existence of alkaloids, glycosides, saponins, phenolic compounds, tannins, phytosterols, carbohydrates, proteins, amino acids, flavanoids, quinones and terpenoids which may be responsible for their therapeutic effects. Different physicochemical parameters such as Loss on drying, Total ash, Acid insoluble ash and Water soluble ash were carried out as per WHO recommended physicochemical determinations and authentic phytochemical procedures. The results obtained in present study indicated Mallotus rhamnifolius leaves as a rich source of medicinally compounds and provides evidences that solvent extracts of Mallotus rhamnifolius contains medicinally important bioactive compounds and this justifies the use of plant species as medicine for treatment of various diseases.

scholarly journals Pharmacognostic and Physico-chemical Standardization of Monotheca buxifolia (Falc.) A. DC.

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-85
Author(s):  
Maryam Ehsan ◽  
Muhammad Ibrar ◽  
Fazal Hadi ◽  
Barkatullah Khan
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Fruit Pulp ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Monotheca Buxifolia ◽  
Phytochemical Profile

Monotheca buxifolia is an ethno-medicinally important plant of Pak-Afghan regions. The pharmacognostic standards of fruit, leaf, seed, barks of stem and root were set in present study. Microscopy revealed characteristic distinguishable powder drug fragments. Each part showed certain unique florescence behaviour with various reagents under light of various wavelengths. It has a broad spectrum phytochemical profile including amino acids and proteins, fats (fixed oils), sugars (both non reducing and reducing), alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, tannins, triterpenoids, phenolics, saponins, phytosterols and anthocyanins. The fruit had 15.5% moisture contents seed and leaf had 8.5% each and stem and root bark had 9.5% each. The values of total ash were 7.0, 6.0, 4.5, 8.25 and 11.75%; values of water soluble ash were 4.9, 3.5, 0.5, 4.2 and 6.75%, while the values of acid insoluble ash 1.5, 1.75, 4.0, 3.75 and 4.25% in fruit pulp, leaf, stem bark, root bark and seeds, respectively. The fixed oil yield of M. buxifolia was measured to be 8.33, 10.62 and 0.56% in fruit pulp, seeds and leaves, respectively. Palmitic acid, Oleic acid, Linolenic acid, Stearic acid and Myristic acid were the most frequently found fatty acids in each part. The plant is a rich source of phosphorus, nitrogen and potassium. The plant contained safe amounts of tested trace elements as directed by WHO except for cobalt in root bark (10.7±0.01) and lead in stem bark (22.48±0.33).  

Chitosan-Nanocellulose Composites for Regenerative Medicine Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (28) ◽  
pp. 4584-4592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avik Khan ◽  
Baobin Wang ◽  
Yonghao Ni
Keyword(s):  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Preparation Method ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Structure Property Relationship ◽  
Attractive Candidate ◽  
Fundamental Understanding

Regenerative medicine represents an emerging multidisciplinary field that brings together engineering methods and complexity of life sciences into a unified fundamental understanding of structure-property relationship in micro/nano environment to develop the next generation of scaffolds and hydrogels to restore or improve tissue functions. Chitosan has several unique physico-chemical properties that make it a highly desirable polysaccharide for various applications such as, biomedical, food, nutraceutical, agriculture, packaging, coating, etc. However, the utilization of chitosan in regenerative medicine is often limited due to its inadequate mechanical, barrier and thermal properties. Cellulosic nanomaterials (CNs), owing to their exceptional mechanical strength, ease of chemical modification, biocompatibility and favorable interaction with chitosan, represent an attractive candidate for the fabrication of chitosan/ CNs scaffolds and hydrogels. The unique mechanical and biological properties of the chitosan/CNs bio-nanocomposite make them a material of choice for the development of next generation bio-scaffolds and hydrogels for regenerative medicine applications. In this review, we have summarized the preparation method, mechanical properties, morphology, cytotoxicity/ biocompatibility of chitosan/CNs nanocomposites for regenerative medicine applications, which comprises tissue engineering and wound dressing applications.

Amorphous and Crystalline Particulates: Challenges and Perspectives in Drug Delivery

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 350-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisham Al-Obaidi ◽  
Mridul Majumder ◽  
Fiza Bari
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Engineering ◽  
Drug Carrier ◽  
Solid Dispersions ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Pharmaceutical Product ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Amorphous Form ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Water Soluble Drugs ◽  
Amorphous Drug

Crystalline and amorphous dispersions have been the focus of academic and industrial research due to their potential role in formulating poorly water-soluble drugs. This review looks at the progress made starting with crystalline carriers in the form of eutectics moving towards more complex crystalline mixtures. It also covers using glassy polymers to maintain the drug as amorphous exhibiting higher energy and entropy. However, the amorphous form tends to recrystallize on storage, which limits the benefits of this approach. Specific interactions between the drug and the polymer may retard this spontaneous conversion of the amorphous drug. Some studies have shown that it is possible to maintain the drug in the amorphous form for extended periods of time. For the drug and the polymer to form a stable mixture they have to be miscible on a molecular basis. Another form of solid dispersions is pharmaceutical co-crystals, for which research has focused on understanding the chemistry, crystal engineering and physico-chemical properties. USFDA has issued a guidance in April 2013 suggesting that the co-crystals as a pharmaceutical product may be a reality; but just not yet! While some of the research is still oriented towards application of these carriers, understanding the mechanism by which drug-carrier miscibility occurs is also covered. Within this context is the use of thermodynamic models such as Flory-Huggins model with some examples of studies used to predict miscibility.

Bio-organometallic Peptide Conjugates: Recent Advances in Their Synthesis and Prospects for Biomedical Application

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (21) ◽  
pp. 2508-2523
Author(s):  
Johana Gómez ◽  
Diego Sierra ◽  
Constanza Cárdenas ◽  
Fanny Guzmán
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Biomedical Application ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Organometallic Complexes ◽  
Chemical Behavior ◽  
Metal Compounds ◽  
Bioorganometallic Chemistry ◽  
Pharmacological Control

One area of organometallic chemistry that has attracted great interest in recent years is the syntheses, characterization and study of organometallic complexes conjugated to biomolecules with different steric and electronic properties as potential therapeutic agents against cancer and malaria, as antibiotics and as radiopharmaceuticals. This minireview focuses on the unique structural diversity that has recently been discovered in α- amino acids and the reactions of metallocene complexes with peptides having different chemical behavior and potential medical applications. Replacing α-amino acids with metallocene fragments is an effective way of selectively influencing the physicochemical, structural, electrochemical and biological properties of the peptides. Consequently, research in the field of bioorganometallic chemistry offers the opportunity to develop bioactive metal compounds as an innovative and promising approach in the search for pharmacological control of different diseases.

Development and Pharmacokinetics Study of Antifungal Peptide Nanoliposomes by Liquid Chromatography-tandem Mass Spectrometry

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 312-318
Author(s):  
Shuoye Yang
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Property ◽  
Antifungal Peptide ◽  
Simple Liquid ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
Pegylated Lipids

Background: The therapeutic ability and application of antifungal peptide (APs) are limited by their physico-chemical and biological properties, the nano-liposomal encapsulation would improve the in vivo circulation and stability. </P><P> Objective: To develop a long-circulating liposomal delivery systems encapsulated APs-CGA-N12 with PEGylated lipids and cholesterol, and investigated through in vivo pharmacokinetics. Methods: The liposomes were prepared and characterized, a rapid and simple liquid chromatographytandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) assay was developed for the determination of antifungal peptide in vivo, the pharmacokinetic characteristics of APs liposomes were evaluated in rats. Results: Liposomes had a large, unilamellar structure, particle size and Zeta potential ranged from 160 to 185 nm and -0.55 to 1.1 mV, respectively. The results indicated that the plasma concentration of peptides in reference solutions rapidly declined after intravenous administration, whereas the liposomeencapsulated ones showed slower elimination. The AUC(0-∞) was increased by 3.0-fold in liposomes in comparison with standard solution (20 mg·kg-1), the half-life (T1/2) was 1.6- and 1.5-fold higher compared to the reference groups of 20 and 40 mg·kg-1, respectively. Conclusion: Therefore, it could be concluded that liposomal encapsulation effectively improved the bioavailability and pharmacokinetic property of antifungal peptides.

Progress and Prospects in Translating Nanobiotechnology in Medical Theranostics

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 685-707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amna Batool ◽  
Farid Menaa ◽  
Bushra Uzair ◽  
Barkat Ali Khan ◽  
Bouzid Menaa
Keyword(s):  
Biological Properties ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Intrinsic Properties ◽  
The Past ◽  
Profound Influence ◽  
Functionalized Nanomaterials ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Properties Of Materials ◽  
Targeted Drug ◽  
And Performance

: The pace at which nanotheranostic technology for human disease is evolving has accelerated exponentially over the past five years. Nanotechnology is committed to utilizing the intrinsic properties of materials and structures at submicroscopic-scale measures. Indeed, there is generally a profound influence of reducing physical dimensions of particulates and devices on their physico-chemical characteristics, biological properties, and performance. The exploration of nature’s components to work effectively as nanoscaffolds or nanodevices represents a tremendous and growing interest in medicine for various applications (e.g., biosensing, tunable control and targeted drug release, tissue engineering). Several nanotheranostic approaches (i.e., diagnostic plus therapeutic using nanoscale) conferring unique features are constantly progressing and overcoming all the limitations of conventional medicines including specificity, efficacy, solubility, sensitivity, biodegradability, biocompatibility, stability, interactions at subcellular levels. : This review introduces two major aspects of nanotechnology as an innovative and challenging theranostic strategy or solution: (i) the most intriguing (bare and functionalized) nanomaterials with their respective advantages and drawbacks; (ii) the current and promising multifunctional “smart” nanodevices.

Standard manufacturing process of Lekhana Putapaka

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rejoice N. Macwan ◽  
Vaishnav P. U. ◽  
L. B. Singh ◽  
B. L. Umrethiya ◽  
B. D. Kalasariya
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Burning Sensation ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Eye Disorders ◽  
Physico Chemical

Putapaka is one of the best local and effective applications for the treatment of eye disorders. Putapaka when used properly then it will treat burning sensation, inflammation, pain, feeling of friction, discharges, itching sensation, stickiness, muddy secretions and congestion of blood vessels. In classics there are three types of Putapaka are described Snehana Putapaka, Lekhana Putapaka and Ropana Putapaka. Lekhana Putapaka is prepared mainly with the help of Lekhana Dravyas. It is used for scrapping of the Doshas. Lekhana Putapaka is composed of the liver and flesh of wild animals with the drugs of Lekhana group and Lauha Bhasma, Tamra Bhasma, Shankha Bhasma, Saindhava, Samudrafena, Kasisa, Srotanjana and Dadhi Mastu. In this study, the ingredients for Lekhana Putapaka has been taken as per the reference of Sushruta Samhita but prepared by some modification (in pressure cooker). The yield of three batches of Putapaka was 85ml, 90ml and 100 ml respectively. The physico-chemical parameters like pH, specific gravity and solid content and phytochemical parameters like glycocides, saponin, tannin, steroids, amino acids, proteins etc has been carried out.

Synthesis and characteristics of ethylenediamine-N,N'-di-S-α-isovalerate and isomers of its cobalt(III) complexes

1982 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 210-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan Strašák ◽  
František Bachratý ◽  
Jaroslav Majer
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Absolute Configuration ◽  
Electronic Absorption ◽  
Electronic Absorption Spectra ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Methyl Group ◽  
Nmr Data ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Natural Amino Acids ◽  
C Nmr

The synthesis and physico-chemical parameters are described of a new complexone based on natural amino acids, viz. ethylenediamine-N,N'-di-S-α-isovalerate (SS-EDDIV). 1H- and 13C-NMR data revealed that the methyl group in the substance are not equivalent. The isomers of the cobalt(III) complex with the asymmetric tetradentate SS-EDDIV ligand were prepared and separated; their characteristics are given. The absolute configuration of two of the five theoretically feasible isomers was determined based on their electronic absorption spectra and circular dichroism data.

Biological Function and Chemistry of Endothelin. A Review

1999 ◽  
Vol 64 (8) ◽  
pp. 1211-1252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Hlaváček ◽  
Renáta Marcová
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Biological Function ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Structural Basis ◽  
Amino Acid Residues ◽  
Snake Venoms ◽  
Vasoactive Peptides ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Endothelin A

The first part of this review deals with the biosynthesis and a biological function of strongly vasoactive peptides named endothelins (ETs) including vasoactive intestinal contractor. Where it was useful, snake venoms sarafotoxins which are structural endothelin derivatives, were also mentioned. In the second part, an attention is paid to structural basis of the ETs biological activity, with respect to alterations of amino acid residues in the parent peptides modifying the conformation and consequently the physico-chemical and biological properties in corresponding ETs analogs. Special attention is focussed on the area of ETs receptors and their interaction with peptide and non peptide agonists and antagonists, important in designing selective inhibitors of ETs receptors potentially applicable as drugs in a medicine. A review with 182 references.

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