Evaluation of the effectiveness of innovative development in countries with different types of national innovation systems

2021 ◽  
pp. 134-142
Author(s):  
Tatyana A. Dadashova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Capital Intensity ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Social Production ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Institutional Infrastructure ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators

Today, in the context of crisis phenomena, limited resources, external challenges and threats, the key importance in managing the economic systems of states is to maintain economic growth and sustainable economic development. One of the main factors for ensuring economic growth is the active introduction of innovations in various spheres of social production. With the help of innovations, the growth of the main macroeconomic indicators is carried out by reducing material costs (reducing energy intensity, capital intensity of production) and without additional involvement of labor in production. In the scientific literature, there are various models of the transition of the state’s economic system to the path of innovative development. The main condition for the effectiveness of the innovation process in the state is the integrity of its institutional infrastructure. In a broad sense, such an infrastructure is understood as a national innovation system (NIS). In the economic literature, there are three main types of NIS: Euro-Atlantic, Asian, and alternative. The article assesses the dependence of economic growth on the innovative development of states with different types of NIS. The factors that have the greatest impact on economic growth in the Russian Federation are identified, and the main directions for the development of innovation activities are formed, depending on the identified factors.

scholarly journals Modern trends in innovative development ofoil and gas producing region

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
Tatyana N Bessonova
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Organizational Form ◽  
Regional Innovation System ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Modern Development

Abstract: When forming the regional innovation system, everyone should take into account specific conditions and the possibility to develop regional economic complexes. Modern development of oil and gas producing region implies an increase in cooperation between all participants of the innovation process. The most promising organizational form of such an association in Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug - Yugra is Yugra Technopolis. It aims to strengthen the interaction of research and industrial sectors, to improve the commercialization of scientific research results

scholarly journals ABOUT DEVELOPMENT FACTORS OF NATIONAL INNOVATIVE SYSTEMS

2020 ◽  
pp. 144-148
Author(s):  
А.П. Фомина ◽  
Р.А. Дрозд ◽  
М.И. Гайченя
Keyword(s):  
Innovation System ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
National Innovation System ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Innovation Infrastructure ◽  
The Many ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
Push Model

Для достижения необходимого уровня конкурентоспособности экономики страны, развития национальной инновационной системы, требуется идентификация и актуализация факторов, оказывающих влияние на национальную инновационную систему, ее успешное функционирование. Из множества факторов, влияющих на инновационное развитие, необходимо выделить основные и второстепенные. В статье рассматриваются основные характеристики инновационного процесса, механизмы взаимодействия субъектов экономики и науки. Рассматриваются модели эндогенного роста и имитационного инновационного развития и интенсивного инновационного роста. При рассмотрении двух подходов к природе зарождения инновации: модель technology – push и модель market-pull, авторами выдвигается и подтверждается гипотеза о том, что фактором развития национальной инновационной системы является, прежде всего, реализация технологических инноваций. Авторами доказывается, что особое внимание необходимо уделить развитию научно-технической инновационной инфраструктуры. Развитие национальных инновационных систем может иметь секторальный характер: применение соответствующей экономической политики, стимулирующей развитие науки, технологий, инноваций в отдельных секторах экономики и кластерах, в которых под влиянием различных факторов сложились наиболее благоприятные условия для развития в сфере технологий. To achieve the required level of competitiveness of the country's economy, the development of a national innovation system, identification and updating of factors that influence the national innovation system and its successful functioning is required. Of the many factors affecting innovative development, it is necessary to distinguish the main and secondary. The article discusses the main characteristics of the innovation process, the mechanisms of interaction between economic entities and science. The models of endogenous growth and imitation innovative development and intensive innovative growth are considered. When considering two approaches to the nature of the origin of innovation: the technology-push model and the market-pull model, the authors put forward and confirm the hypothesis that the factor of development of the national innovation system is, first of all, the implementation of technological innovations. The authors prove that special attention should be paid to the development of scientific and technical innovation infrastructure. The development of national innovation systems can be of a sectoral nature: the application of appropriate economic policies that stimulate the development of science, technology, innovation in individual sectors of the economy and clusters, in which under the influence of various factors the most favorable conditions for development in the field of technology have developed.

scholarly journals The role of the banking system in the innovative development of economy

2019 ◽  
pp. 81-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Dziubliuk
Keyword(s):  
National Economy ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
World Market ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Innovation Potential ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Lending Activity

The article gives a rationale for rebuilding the country’s innovation capacity as a key task of the current economic policy of the state, since it is the use of innovations that is extremely important for successful business activity and for obtaining competitive advantages in the world market. The subject matter of the study is the role of banking system, whose lending activity can serve as a powerful source for funding innovation, which, in turn, is seen as a key driver for investment and economic growth. The purpose of the research paper is to substantiate the appropriate theoretical and methodological approaches to understanding the role of the banking system within the framework of stimulating innovative development of the economy. The article critically analyzes the current state of innovation activity in Ukraine and systematizes the main factors restraining the innovative development of the economy. Particular attention is paid to the lack of funding for innovation, the ineffective structure of the national economy, and insufficient state financial support. The lack of an adequate level of funding for innovation activities of enterprises is identified as one of the main constraints on the introduction of innovations and enhancement of innovation potential. It is stressed that the limited amount of own funds and the objective difficulties in attracting foreign financial resources of investors are usually the main reasons for the low degree of innovation activity of enterprises in Ukraine. It is argued that it is the banking system that can act as the main institutional element of the innovation infrastructure, which has the proper organizational, technological and financial potential, sufficient for accumulation and redistribution of those investment resources that are necessary for activating the innovation process in the national economy. The advantages of banks in comparison with other participants of the financial market are determined, which determines the key role of the banking system in the innovative development of the economy. The author articulates a set of organizational, institutional and economic measures at the macro- and micro-levels which can contribute to incorporating the banking system into the framework of stimulating innovation processes.

INNOVATION COMPONENT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: SECURITY ASPECT

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitaliy Omelyanenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Business And Society ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Main Components ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The huge potential of innovations to achieve the goals of sustainable development is indisputable, but at the same time the task of orienting the innovation process to its most problematic areas, which is a threat to national security, arises. This issue is relevant in the context of the formation of mechanisms of interaction between the state, business and society and is an urgent scientific and practical problem. Based on the above, the purpose of the study is to analyze the main components of innovation development strategies in the framework of national strategies for sustainable development. In the study, the author improved the scheme of the relationship between development and security, which is focused on achieving development and security goals through appropriate innovation policies and development management. Taking into account the importance of innovative development, as well as the national characteristics of the relationship between it and the goals of sustainable development, a practical approach to the coherence of innovation policy for sustainable development is proposed. It is determined that for the implementation of the coherence of innovation policy for sustainable development, an analytical component is important, which will link the goals of sustainable development and indicators of the innovation system as the basis for their achievement. To determine the impact of innovative development on the sustainable development of Ukraine, the impact of the indicator of goal 9 on the other 16 goals is determined. The components of the national system «sustainable development – security» are identified and evaluated on the basis of Sustainable Development Report 2019. As prospects for using the developed methodology of institutional innovation (creating institutional conditions for innovative priorities of sustainable development) it is proposed to consider it in the context of achieving sustainable goals development (systematic integration of economic, social and environmental aspects of sustainable development) at the regional level.

scholarly journals Clever Specialization as an Opportunity to Increase Innovation Activity of the Regions of the Kyrgyz Republic

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diliara Suleeva
Keyword(s):  
Innovation System ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Kyrgyz Republic ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Innovation Ecosystem ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Smart Specialization

In recent years, great attention has been paid to the problems of developing innovation activities in the Kyrgyz Republic. They became the most discussed in the country, and modernization and industrialization are the main directions of the current state policy of Kyrgyzstan. The objective need for the implementation of scientific and other innovations in the country, taking into account regional particularities, determines the relevance of the research chosen. The article considers the possibility of implementing an effective regional innovation system based on the so-called “smart” specialization in the Kyrgyz Republic. The economy of the republic is extremely important constantly developing innovation process, and it should not end only on the acquisition of expensive innovative equipment. It is necessary to develop the whole system with the obligatory involvement of the regions. This is the only way to rely on the successful development of innovations. The paper analyzes the main directions of innovation development at the regional level. The problems of promoting the innovation ecosystem in Kyrgyzstan in general, and innovation processes in agriculture, in particular, have been identified.

scholarly journals Modern Globalization-Innovative Challenges of Industrial Production of the Countries of the World

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 338-343
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Production ◽  
System Development ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
The World ◽  
Industrial Level

Innovative development of the countries of the world is based on the use of conditions of development and a set of measures technical, industrial and commercial in nature, which are emerging or improving existing industrial processes and equipment. The level of such development can be estimated using international indices. Assessment of their dynamics, variations, calculated coefficients of differentiation determined the need to align models of regulation of the economy, which, as the experience of highly developed countries, should be based on maintaining a high level of innovation of the economy. The purpose of the research is to study the world innovation development and develop recommendations for enhancing innovation activities of countries in the context of modern globalization transformations. The study used the dialectical method of scientific knowledge, as well as general scientific and special methods of research: methods of theoretical use of the generalized and abstract-logical state - for the current state of modern innovative development of the industrial level; statistical methodology of systematization, grouping, methods of the Commission of Variants, Concentrations and Technologies - to select the code and unevenness of innovative development of the world for the value of the GII index; systematic approach - for specific tasks of international innovation activity and sending recommendations for activation of innovative activity in the field of modern global transformations. The tasks of international innovation activity in the context of modern globalization transformations should be based on human capacity building in the sphere of innovations, technological modernization of key sectors of the economy, introduction of innovations in all spheres of public administration, increase of openness of national innovation system, development of interstate innovation clusters. It is proved that in comparison with the national economies that do not pay attention to the development of innovations, the innovative developed countries show higher economic growth in the long-term trend. The practical significance of the obtained results is that the conducted research will contribute to the improvement of directions of further development of international innovation activity and industrial production of the countries of the world in the conditions of global innovation challenges. Further research is advised as this study was having limitations.

Wechselwirkungen zwischen Innovations- und Wachstumsprozessen in Deutschland 1951-1999 im Vergleich zu 1850-1913 / Dynamic Relationships Between Innovation Activities and Per Capita Income in Germany 1951-1999 in Comparison to 1850-1913

2006 ◽  
Vol 226 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andre Jungmittag ◽  
Hariolf Grupp
Keyword(s):  
Unit Root ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Structural Breaks ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Dynamic Relationships ◽  
Second Period

SummaryStarting from today’s definition of innovation indicators, this paper analyses the dynamic relationships between innovation activities (approximated by two innovation input indicators and one innovation output indicator) and per capita income in Germany for the two periods from 1850 until 1913 and 1951 until 1999. Already the first step of the analysis which is based on unit root tests allowing for structural breaks shows that the German innovation system was rather stable in both periods: In the first period the unit root hypothesis has to be rejected for all four variables, in the second period at least for the two innovation input indicators. Thus, only a few major historical events responsible for the structural breaks have persistent effects while most shocks are transitory. The further analysis of unrestricted as well as restricted VAR models gives evidence that the innovation activities in both periods are strongly demand driven, but that there seem to be two different logics in the innovation process. In the first period, the overall empirical results indicates a linear innovation relation between students numbers as well as public science expenditures, the number of patents granted, and economic demand. In the second period, demand drives total R&D expenditures while patent output does not follow demand. The real domestic product seems not to depend strongly on innovation activities.

scholarly journals SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS OF PROJECT-ORIENTED MANAGEMENT OF INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grygoriy Starchenko ◽  
Anastasiia Duka
Keyword(s):  
National Economy ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Innovation Development ◽  
Synergetic Effects ◽  
Modern Development ◽  
Oriented Approach

The theoretical issues of project-oriented management of innovative development of the national economy in the turbulence of the modern economic environment have been investigated. In-depth studies of the nature of the emergence of synergistic effects of project-oriented management of innovative development and reveals their specific characteristics in the context of modern development of the national economy. The paper substantiates that the understanding of synergetic effects from the interaction of participants in the innovation process is characterized by a new look at their content and sources, and the project approach to the common goal in combining their interests determines the importance of developing new approaches to understanding them. The application of a project-oriented approach to the study of innovative development of the national economy allows to take into account its complex internal structure, the links between its subsystems and elements. It is noted that this aspect of the problem of innovation development in the national economy contributes to the emergence of new meanings such as project-oriented management of innovation development, as well as new perspectives of synergetic effects inherent in the practical implementation of such management. The origins of the spread of synergetics for the study of innovation processes, the relationship with project-oriented management, and on this basis, the sources and main types of synergetic effects are identified. It is noted that using a project-oriented approach to manage innovative development, the main synergistic effects allow participants to achieve common goals to increase the profitability of the project; reducing the cost of its implementation; reducing the need for resources; optimization of the timing of the project. The article develops views on the manifestation of synergetic effects at the level of formation of the project-oriented cluster from the standpoint of project-oriented management as a subsystem of the innovation system. The directions of manifestation of synergetic effects of the project-oriented innovation cluster are singled out. A graphic model of realization of synergy of national economy in the context of project-oriented management of innovative development is offered.

scholarly journals IMPROVING THE MECHANISM OF STATE REGULATION OF INNOVATION ACTIVITIES IN TURKESTAN REGION

THE BULLETIN ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (388) ◽  
pp. 145-153
Author(s):  
Kokenova A.T., ◽  
◽  
Maulenkulovа G.E., ◽  
Samenova N., ◽  
Turdalieva U., ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
National Innovation System ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Regulation System ◽  
Economic Science ◽  
Innovation Activities

The importance of innovation in ensuring the development of a modern economy has been recognized in Kazakhstan not only in the works of specialists, but also in the position stated by the state. However, from understanding the importance of innovation in the context of economic development to understanding its real significance in the economic development of the country, and even more so - to develop an effective policy that ensures the active use of innovation to ensure economic and social progress, a very difficult path runs. Regulation of innovation in a modern market economy is a complex system of state, public and corporate institutions that serve and regulate innovation processes in order to ensure the fullest use of their potential. A set of institutions and organizations that cover all stages and areas of the innovation process, and currently forms a national innovation system in developed market economies. The trend of transition to an innovative way of development and the formation of a national innovation system is currently an important direction in economic science. This makes it particularly important to theoretically understand the essence of the innovation process in the economy and ways to improve the effectiveness of state regulation of innovation. Thus, the development of a mechanism for activating innovation activities within the framework of the state regulation system is one of the most acute socio-economic problems. The obvious relevance, great practical significance and lack of development of the indicated problem led to the choice of the topic of the dissertation research, its goals and objectives. In the scientific article, the conditions for effective innovation activity of economic entities are identified and based on them, recommendations are developed to improve the mechanism for increasing innovation activity within the system of state regulation of innovation activity of the Kazakh economy.

Strategic Planning of Innovative Development As the Basis for the Economic Growth of the Russian Federation

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 39-42
Author(s):  
Горохова ◽  
I. Gorokhova ◽  
Парфенова ◽  
E. Parfenova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Current State ◽  
Writing Problems ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Innovative Potential

The article discusses the current state of the Russian economy and its innovative development, as in recent years, very relevant was the question of increasing economic growth by increasing the volume of production and extraction of fuel and energy resources, and through the implementation of innovative potential of the country. To encourage this trend in 2011 approved the Strategy of innovative development of Russia for the period up to 2020. The article analyses the results and the conclusions that have already created the infrastructure of the national innovation system, established and developed the implementation of the innovative development Program (IDP). As a result of writing problems faced by state-owned companies in the development of IDP.

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