scholarly journals Seroprevalence and molecular detection of Bovine Parainfluenza-3 Virus (BPI-3V)

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Lina Shaheed AL-abudy
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Tissue Sample ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Spreading Rate ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Nasal Discharge

The study aims to investigate the presence of Bovine Parainfluenza-3 Virus (BPI-3V) by using direct Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and Real-Time- quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction RT-qPCR technique and evaluation some clinical and epidemiological features of the disease. One hundred forty-seven (147) animals of different age (6 months to 8 years) and sex from different regions of Al-Diwaniya governorate that showed respiratory signs were examined between November 2012 and April 2013. Results of the clinical study showed that there was an increase in body temperature up to 40 C0, serous watery nasal discharge, increased respiratory rate, abnormal breath sound (loud, harsh sound, whistling or wheezing), and coughing. The infection rate by using direct ELISA test was (30.26 %). The spreading rate of BPIV-3 in relation to ages, regions and months of the years was (48%) in the age group 6 months-3 years, highest rate (60%) in December as compared with other months and Sedeer region recorded infection rate (40%). The results of Real Time-qPCR showed a high infection rate of BPI-3 virus 55.13% in cattle population as high sensitivity of this technique. Higher percentage recorded in tracheal tissue sample 60.60 % as compared with lungs tissue and nasal swabs in the percentage of 54.54% and 50%, respectively. In conclusion, there was a characteristic epidemiological feature of spreading of BPIV-3 in depending on age groups, different regions, and different months of the year.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence and Clinical Presentation of Chikungunya Virus Infection among Febrile Outpatients Seeking Health Care in Mzuzu City, Malawi

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flywell Kawonga ◽  
Gerald Misinzo ◽  
Dylo Pemba ◽  
Leonard Mboera ◽  
Isaac Thom Shawa
Keyword(s):  
Chikungunya Virus ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Igm Antibodies

Chikungunya is a mosquito-borne viral disease caused by Chikungunya virus (CHIKV. We conducted this study determine the seroprevalence and clinical presentation of Chikungunya infection among outpatients seeking healthcare in Mzuzu City, Malawi. Blood samples were collected from malaria negative and non-septic febrile outpatients with fevers ≥38 °C, for not more than 5 days. The enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test was used to detect anti-CHIKV IgM antibodies and its results were used to determine seroprevalence of Chikungunya. A total of 119 serum samples were tested, of these, 73 (61.3%) tested positive for anti-CHIKV IgM antibodies by ELISA. Laboratory requisition forms were used to capture demographic information such as age, sex, clinical signs and symptoms presented by the enrolled patients. Age groups of 1-9, 10- 19, 20- 29, 30- 39, 40- 49, and ≥50 years had 17.8% (n= 13), 12.3 %,( n=9), 15.1%) (n=11), 19.2%; (n=14), 17.8% (n=13) and 17.8% (n=13) proportion of seroprevalence respectively. Most of the CHIKV infected individuals presented with fever (52.05%), joint pain (45.21%) and abdominal pain (42.67%). The presence of anti- CHIKV IgM antibodies suggest the presence of recent CHIKV infection and therefore accurate laboratory assays are highly recommended for CHIKV diagnosis and appropriate management of febrile patients.

Novel Method for ELISA Traces Pipetting System by Air Displacement Pipetting

2011 ◽  
Vol 103 ◽  
pp. 252-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lian Qing Zhu ◽  
Hong Li ◽  
Yun Xiao Na ◽  
Yang Kuan Guo ◽  
Ming Li Dong
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Pressure Sensor ◽  
Applied Pressure ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Liquid Level ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Test Results ◽  
The Real ◽  
Novel Method

In the Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test, many steps need traces pipetting. The ELISA test results will be different when we use different pipetting ways. Our traces pipetting system is based on the air displacement pipetting principle, comparable to the functioning of hand pipettes. It is applied pressure sensor to realize pressure-based liquid level detection (pLLD) and aspiration monitoring. The monitored system can distinguish the following situations: (1) a correct aspiration; (2) cup empty; (3) tip-blocked; (4) bubbles. Using the air displacement principle into traces pipetting can avoid contamination or dilution by system liquids, and problems with corroded tubing, pumps, etc. It applied pressure sensor to realize pLLD and aspiration monitoring. The results of the real-time monitor module on air displacement pipetting show that the traces pipetting system can agilely distinguish the different liquid pipetting situations. The method of air displacement pipetting offered an effective way for ELISA traces pipetting system.

scholarly journals Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) immunoassaying versus microscopy: advantages and drawbacks for diagnosing giardiasis

2005 ◽  
Vol 123 (6) ◽  
pp. 282-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alaíde Mader Braga Vidal ◽  
Wilson Roberto Catapani
Keyword(s):  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
Giardia Lamblia ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Giardiasis is common in Brazil. For laboratory diagnosis, the method most utilized is microscopic examination of fecal samples, but the immunoenzymatic method is also available. The aim of this work was to verify the advantages and drawbacks of immunoassaying versus microscopy for diagnosing Giardia lamblia, when a single fecal sample is analyzed. DESIGN AND SETTING: Prospective, double-blind study at the parasitology laboratory of Faculdade de Medicina da Fundação ABC. METHODS: Samples were prepared according to the traditional sedimentation (Hoffman, Pons and Janer) and Faust methods. Results were deemed positive when Giardia lamblia was found by one or both methods. The Prospect ELISA kit was used for detecting Giardia lamblia-specific antigen, in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. Results were expressed on a visual scale as negative or positive (+, ++, +++ or ++++). RESULTS: The ELISA test was positive even when a significant proportion of corresponding samples examined by microscopy were negative. This trend was statistically significant (p < 0.001). The overall concordance of results between the ELISA test and microscopic examination of single samples was only moderate (0.50 by kappa test). CONCLUSION: The ELISA test is useful when just searching for Giardia lamblia, because of its high sensitivity. For daily practice, we recommend microscopy, which is much cheaper and can also detect other parasites. The low positivity of single samples in this method can be overcome by using three samples, as recommended by most authors.

scholarly journals Suitability of Real-Time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for cry9C Detection in Mexican Corn Tortillas: Fate of DNA and Protein After Alkaline Cooking

2004 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 639-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maricarmen Quirasco ◽  
Bernd Schoel ◽  
Javier Plasencia ◽  
John Fagan ◽  
Amanda Galvez
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Transgenic Corn ◽  
Chain Reactions ◽  
Snack Foods ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reactions ◽  
Corn Products ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Corn Kernels

Abstract Alkaline-cooked corn, called nixtamal, is the basis for many traditional corn products such as tortillas, chips, and taco shells that are used widely in Mexico and Central America and in the preparation of snack foods that are consumed globally. To assess the effects of alkaline and thermal treatments on the detectability of DNA and protein for the presence of genetically modified sequences, various nixtamalized products were prepared from blends of conventional white corn containing 0.1, 1.0, and 10% transgenic corn (event CBH 351, StarLink™). Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reactions (RTQ–PCR) and immunoassays were used to determine the cry9C gene and protein, respectively, in unprocessed corn kernels, freshly prepared alkaline-cooked and ground corn (masa), masa flour, tortillas prepared from masa by heat treatment, chips prepared from damp masa dough by deep frying, and from tortillas processed at high (200°C) and low temperatures (70°C). In spite of progressive degradation of genomic DNA during processing, RTQ–PCR genetic analysis allowed detection and quantification of the cry9C gene in all products prepared from 10, 1, and 0.1% StarLink corn, except deep-fried chips containing 0.1% StarLink. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays readily detected &lt;1ppm cry9C protein in all blends of unprocessed corn (10, 1, and 0.1% StarLink) as well as in nonfried tortilla and masa products. This technique was not suitable for thermally treated nixtamalized products containing &lt;1% transgenic corn.

scholarly journals Diagnostic accuracy of Fusobacterium nucleatum IgA and IgG ELISA test in colorectal cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melike Kurt ◽  
Zeki Yumuk
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
Fusobacterium Nucleatum ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Discriminative Ability ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Polymerase Chain

AbstractThe colorectal cancer is a serious health problem. The diagnosis of the disease mostly relies on an invasive procedure. A non-invasive diagnostic test such as an immunoassay, may facilitate diagnosis of colorectal cancer. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the use of antibodies against Fusobacterium nucleatum in the diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC). Totally 78 patients in three groups were included in the study. F. nucleatum in the tissues was detected using quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay. F. nucleatum IgA and IgG were measured using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. F. nucleatum was detected in 86.7% and 73.1% cases of CRC and precancerous-benign colon disease (P-BCD), respectively. The OD values from F. nucleatum IgA and IgG ELISA tests were higher in CRC group compared with healthy individuals. The sensitivity of IgA ELISA test varied between 31.8 and 95.5% depending on the chosen cut-off values. The positivity rate of antibodies in patients with high amount of F. nucleatum in tissue was significantly greater than in the negative group. The F. nucleatum IgA and IgG antibodies in CRC were higher than the ones in healthy controls but the discriminative ability of the ELISA test was not adequate to be considered as a diagnostic tool.

scholarly journals The incidence of people and animals with echinococcosis in the Kostanay region of the Republic of Kazakhstan

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-100
Author(s):  
M. Zh. Aubakirov ◽  
M. K. Mustafin ◽  
B. M. Mustafin ◽  
A. M. Ergazina ◽  
G. K. Murzakayeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Invasion Rate ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Human Echinococcosis ◽  
Epidemiological Situation

The aim of the research was to study the distribution of echinococcosis in humans and animals in the Kostanay region of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Research on the diagnosis of echinococcosis in humans was carried out in the Kostanay branch of the “Scientific and Practical Center for Sanitary and Epidemiological Expertise and Monitoring” of Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan in 2000-2015. In order to establish the degree of invasion of dogs by echinococcus, fecal samples in the Kostanay region, in the areas where cases of echinococcosis in humans were registered, were taken. The incidence among the population of various age groups in the region was analyzed according to the results of studies of blood samples by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and lung radiography. It has been established that echinococcosis is a widespread disease among people living not only in the Kostanay region, but also in the Republic of Kazakhstan on the whole. Between 2000 and 2019 the number of patients with echinococcosis in the Kostanay region amounted to 249 cases. The smallest number of cases (5) was registered in 2000, and the largest in 2014-26 cases. In the years of 2002-2015. the incidence rate of echinococcosis in humans did not decrease and ranged from 1.6% to 1.5% per 100.0 thousand people. The maximum number of positive reactions by ELISA for echinococcosis was recorded in 2003, 2005, 2006 and from 2013 to 2016, when the incidence rate of people was 0.9%; 0.8%; 0.26%; 1.8%, 3.0%; 1.5%; 0.9% respectively. The peak incidence of human echinococcosis occurred in 2014 and amounted to 3.0%. The analysis of the registration of cases of echinococcosis among people of different age groups showed that out of 8 cases in 2016, 3 cases were in the population under the age of 14 and its infection rate per 100.0 thousand amounted to 1.74%. In 2017, out of 7 registered cases of the incidence of echinococcosis in humans- 2 cases were in the population under the age of 14 and its infection rate per 100.0 thousand was 1.14%. The maximum number of cases of echinococcosis in 2011-2017 was recorded in sheep, the invasion rate of Echinococcus granulosus being 3.1%, 3.5%, 4.2%, 3.1%, 5.6%, 3.0%, 2.8% respectively, while the average invasion in sheep amounted to 1.5%. There were no cases of registration of echinococcosis in horses. Judging by the results of the comparative analysis of the epizootic and epidemiological situation of echinococcosis in the Kostanay region, it should be noted that echinococcus infection occurs in all areas of the region, with approximately the same level of development of livestock production and a large number of dogs.

scholarly journals Evaluation of North American Antibody Detection Tests for Diagnosis of Brucellosis in Goats

1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1716-1722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea B. Mikolon ◽  
Ian A. Gardner ◽  
Sharon K. Hietala ◽  
Jorge Hernandez de Anda ◽  
Elpidio Chamizo Pestaña ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rose Bengal ◽  
Cell Concentration ◽  
Brucella Melitensis ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Antibody Detection ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Plate Test ◽  
Milk Elisa

The sensitivities and specificities of 17 antibody detection tests for brucellosis in goats were estimated. Tests evaluated included the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) card test with 8% cell concentration (8%Card), USDA rapid automated presumptive test (RAP), Mexican rose bengal plate tests with 8 and 3% cell concentrations (8%RB and 3%RB), French rose bengal plate test with 4.5% cell concentration (4.5%RB), USDA standard plate test (SPT), USDA buffered acidified plate agglutination test (BAPA), USDA and Mexican rivanol tests (URIV and MRIV), USDA standard tube tests with Brucella abortus and Brucella melitensis antigens (SATA and SATM), serum enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), USDA cold-fixation complement fixation tests with B. abortus andB. melitensis antigens (CFA and CFM), USDA and Mexican milk ring tests (UBRT and MBRT), and a milk ELISA. Test sensitivity was evaluated by using two groups of 10 goats experimentally infected with B. melitensis or B. abortusand monitored for 24 weeks. Specificity was evaluated by using 200 brucellosis-free nonvaccinated goats from 10 California herds. The 3%RB was considered a good screening test because of high sensitivity at week 24 postinfection (90%), ease of performance, and low cost. The cold-fixation CFA and CFM had 100% specificity in the field study and were considered appropriate confirmatory tests. The milk ELISA was significantly more sensitive (P < 0.05) than the UBRT and significantly more specific (P < 0.05) than the MBRT. The milk ELISA also had the advantage of objectivity and ease of interpretation.

scholarly journals Seroimmunological study of Toxoplasmosis in Sheep in Babylon Province

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 112
Author(s):  
M. H. AL-Hasnawy
Keyword(s):  
Infection Rate ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Latex Agglutination ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Latex Agglutination Test ◽  
Urban Region ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Rural Region ◽  
One Year

The study was carried out to determine the seroprevalence of Toxoplasmosis in sheep in Babylon province by use of two methods (latex agglutination test (LAT) and Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)). The results of Latex agglutination have appeared infection rate of 13.77% (31 out of 225 animals), the higher seropositivity was in urban region 19.4% while in rural region it was 11.39%, and depending on sex of animal thus higher rate in males was 16.51% compared with females 11.2%, so the results were referred to a higher rate in young ages (less than one year) were 22.41%, and higher titer for latex agglutination test was 64 with rate 35.48%. With respect ELISA test where the results referred to that out of 31 positive samples for LAT, nine samples were positive for IgG 29.03%.

scholarly journals Study of leptospirosia in animal and livestock

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (01) ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
Enkhtsetseg N ◽  
Altankhuu B ◽  
Narangerel B
Keyword(s):  
Infection Rate ◽  
Bovine Serum ◽  
Urban Slum ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Bacterial Disease ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Slum Dwellers ◽  
Swine Serum ◽  
Sera Samples

Leptospirosis is a zoonotic bacterial disease that affects vulnerable populations such as rural subsistence farmers and urban slum dwellers. Leptospirosis is an infectious disease caused by pathogenic organisms belonging to the genus leptospira, that are transmitted directly or indirectly from animals to humans. In Mongolian human cases of leptospirosis has not been reported yet and this zoonotic disease not well study. We had use the kit in order to detect Pomona, Tarassovi, Hebdomadis, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Grippotyphosa, Sejroe and Canicola serotype by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test. We analyzed 397 samples of bovine serum by indirect ELISA. The bovine serum samples were collected from Selenge province, and out of 101 samples 2 were positive. And, out of 171 bovine 1 serum was positive in Tov province. In contrast, no positive samples detected in 137 swine serum. Linnodee leptospira /ireland/- ELISA kit can detect a swine Bratislava serotype and cattle Hardjo serotype. To detect Hardjo serotype, 397 samples of cattle serum and 137 samples of swine serum were investigated. The 29 serum of cattle were positive, which has 7.3% infection rate, and, only one swine sera was positive out of 137, that has 0.73% infection rate. The 137 swine serum were tested by ELISA, which can detect Leptospira Bratislava serotype; and 12 out of that were positive. This indicates 8.7% of all sample are positive. Total of 397 bovine sera were examined by ELISA and specific antibody against Pomona, Tarassovi, Hebdomadis, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Grippotyphosa, Sejroe and Canicola serotype detected in 0,75 % (3 sera samples). Hardjo serotype detected in 7.3 % (29 sera) of bovine samples and 7.6 % (1 serum) of 13 swine sera samples and furthermore, bratislava serotype antibody detected in 8.7% (12 sera) of the pigs included in our study. Our study indicates that risk of human leptospirosis infection through animal derived food consumption, soil and water contamination is present due to prevalence of hardjo and bratislava serotype in cattle and pig farms. These results correlates with study conducted by Odontsetseg N. PhD in 2005 which stated that Hardjo serotype of Leptospira interrogans was detected in cattle herd in our country and these suggest that leptospirosis is prevalent in certain regions of our country. Мал амьтны лептоспирозийн тандан судалгааны дүн Хураангуй:  Мал амьтны гаралтай хүнсний бүтээгдэхүүн ус, хөрсөөр дамжин хүнд халдварладаг зооноз өвчин болох Лептоспирозийн танадан судалгааг Булган, Орхон, Сэлэнгэ, Төв аймгууд болон Улаанбаатар хот орчмоос цуглуулсан үхрийн 721, гахайн 169, зарим мэрэгч амьтдын 108, усны 22 нийт 1020 сорьцыг ийлдэс судлал болон молекул биологи, нян судлалын аргаар шинжлэв. Судалгааны дүнд шинжилгээнд хамрагдсан нийт 397 үхрийн сорьцны 32 буюу 8.06%, 137 гахайн сорьцны 13 буюу 9.4%-д нь L. pomona, L. tarassovi, L. hebdomadis, L. icterohaemorrhagiae, L. grippotyphosa, L. sejroe, L. canicola, L. hardjo, L. bratislava хэвшлүүдийн эсрэг үүссэн өвөрмөц эсрэгбием тус тус илрэв. Лептоспирозийн байгалийн дамжуулагч болох мэрэгчийн 108-н сорьцонд Полимериазан Гинжин Урвал (ПГУ) тавихад 8 сорьц буюу 7.4%-д нь лептоспирозийн G1, G2 генийн өвөрмөц бүтээгдэхүүн илэрсэн болно. Ийлдэс судлал, ПГУ- аар эерэг гарсан сорьцуудад үүсгэгч илрүүлэх нян судлалын шинжилгээ хийсэн боловч үүсгэгч өсгөвөрлөгдсөнгүй. Манай орны Орхон, Сэлэнгийн сав газар, Архангай, Төв аймаг, Улаанбаатар хот орчмын үхэр, гахай, мэрэгчидийн сорьц лептоспирозоор эерэг дүн үзүүлсэн нь манай орны мал амьтан, мэрэгчидэд өвчний халдварлалт байгааг харуулж байна. Түлхүүр үг: Leptospira, үүсгэгч, өвөрмөц эсрэгбием, ийлдсийн хэвшил, ген

scholarly journals Relationship between Circulating Protein p53 and High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein in Central Obesity Men with Inflammaging

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-62
Author(s):  
Rina Triana ◽  
Anna Meiliana ◽  
Eli Halimah ◽  
Andi Wijaya
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Large Cell ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Protein P53

BACKGROUND: The mechanism of aging goes along with age, one of which is characterized by cellular senescent, which occurs mostly in adipose tissue. Adipose tissue is the site of accumulation of large cell senescent, in the regulation of obesity and aging. Proteins p53 is marker for cell senescent, which are also known to induce inflammation. This study was aimed to determine the relationship between circulating protein p53 and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) in central obese men with inflammaging.METHODS: The study design is an observational study with cross-sectional approach. The subjects were 75 central obese men (waist circumference/WC > 90 cm), aged ≥ 45 years old. Subjects were divided into 2 age groups, those are middle age group: 45-59 years old (50.7%) and elderly group: ≥ 60 years old (49.3%). Examination of circulating p53 was done using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method, and the hsCRP examination was done by chemiluminescent method.RESULTS: It was found that there was a correlation between circulating p53 and hsCRP in elderly (r=-0.414; p<0.05) but not in middle age (r=-0.127; p=0.449).CONCLUSION: From this study, it is assumed that more senescence cells in elderly are resulting in increased chronic inflammation.KEYWORDS: aging, senescent, inflammaging, protein p53, hsCRP

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