scholarly journals The effect THE EFFECT OF FREQUENCY, DURATION AND TYPES OF GADGETS ON VISUAL ACUITY OF STUDENTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (03) ◽  
pp. 217-221
Author(s):  
Tria Wahyuningrum ◽  
Veryudha Eka Prameswari
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Measuring Instrument ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Eye Examination ◽  
Modern Era ◽  
Decrease In Visual Acuity

Technology that is increasingly sophisticated is very influential in human life. Countless types of technology can be found in this modern era. One example of a very popular technology is gadgets. Psychologically, gadgets are easy to create addiction, game facilities that exist in the gadget make children always challenged to reach a higher level. Waste and especially on the eyes that are always used to view gadgets for a long time and without rest can result in asthenopia or tired eyes. Namely, the pupils are slow to react to light, so there is a decrease in visual acuity. The design used in this study is an analytic correlation with cross-sectional approach. The population in this study were all 4-5 graders at Mlirip II Elementary School in Mojokerto. The sampling technique is to use total sampling, that is, the entire population is used as a sample, which is 95 respondents. The results of this study are the fit model, namely the model interpreting the influence between duration, frequency and type of gadget on visual acuity. The duration and frequency of gadget usage significantly affect visual acuity. While for this type of gadget is not significant and does not affect visual acuity. If the duration of gadget usage increases, the decrease in visual acuity ratio increases by 5,299 times. If the frequency of gadget usage increases, the ratio of decreased visual acuity increases by 5,986 times. The level of accuracy of the model in this study was 85.3%. Eye disease problems in children can be prevented by early detection to find out the vision status in children supported by eye examination as a measuring instrument, namely snallen card (Snellen card).  

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Gadget Addiction and Visual Acuity in Elementary School Student of Mlirip II Mojokerto

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (03) ◽  
pp. 217-221
Author(s):  
Tria Wahyuningrum ◽  
Veryudha Eka Prameswari
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Elementary School ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Eye Examination ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Modern Era ◽  
Decrease In Visual Acuity

Technology that is increasingly sophisticated is very influential in human life. Countless types of technology can be found in this modern era. One example of a very popular technology is gadgets. Psychologically, gadgets are easy to create addiction, game facilities that exist in the gadget make children always challenged to reach a higher level. Waste and especially on the eyes that are always used to view gadgets for a long time and without rest can result in asthenopia or tired eyes. Namely, the pupils are slow to react to light, so there is a decrease in visual acuity. The design used in this study is an analytic correlation with cross-sectional approach. The population in this study were all 4-5 graders at Mlirip II Elementary School in Mojokerto. The sampling technique is to use total sampling, that is, the entire population is used as a sample, which is 95 respondents. The results of this study are the fit model, namely the model interpreting the influence between duration, frequency and type of gadget on visual acuity. The duration and frequency of gadget usage significantly affect visual acuity. While for this type of gadget is not significant and does not affect visual acuity. If the duration of gadget usage increases, the decrease in visual acuity ratio increases by 5,299 times. If the frequency of gadget usage increases, the ratio of decreased visual acuity increases by 5,986 times. The level of accuracy of the model in this study was 85.3%. Eye disease problems in children can be prevented by early detection to find out the vision status in children supported by eye examination as a measuring instrument, namely snallen card (Snellen card).  

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN DURASI BERMAIN VIDIO GAME DENGAN KETAJAMAN PENGLIHATAN PADA ANAK SEKOLAH DI SDN 007 PULAU BIRANDANG

Jurnal Ners ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
RINDA FITHRIYANA
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Video Games ◽  
Extracurricular Activities ◽  
School Children ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Student Activities

Vision is one of the most important factors in all aspects of life including in the educational process. Although its function for human life is very important, but often eye health is less noticed, so many diseases that attack the eye are not treated properly and cause vision problems. In 2013 the prevalence of visual acuity disorders in school-age children in Indonesia increased due to activities in front of the electronic media screen such as playing video games. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of the duration of playing video games with visual acuity in school children at SDN 007 Birandang Island in 2017. The design of this study was analytic with cross sectional design. The population in this study were all students in grade V and VI SDN 007 Birandang Island, amounting to 85 people, using a sampling technique with total sampling. The results showed that the majority of respondents played video games> 2 hours (60%), the majority of respondents had abnormal vision as many as 44 people (51.8%). The results showed that there is a relationship between the duration of playing video games with visual acuity in school children at SDN 007 Birandang Island in 2017. It is hoped that the school can create a new program in the form of extracurricular activities that are made as attractive as possible to divert student activities from playing video games.

HUBUNGAN PENGGUNAAN GADGET DENGAN PROKRASTINASI AKADEMIK PADA MAHASISWA NERS TINGKAT II STIKes SANTA ELISABETH MEDAN TAHUN 2019

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-101
Author(s):  
Samfriati S ◽  
Lilis N ◽  
Mercy N G
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
P Value ◽  
Academic Procrastination ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Level Ii ◽  
Questionnaire Result ◽  
Long Time ◽  
High Level

Academic procrastination is one of the postponement behaviors in lecture activities that are often found in students, in this study respondents experiencees a high level of procrastination that could hamper academic activities. One of the causes of procrastination is the use of gadgets that are too long to play games, music, entertainment and so on. Goals : The purpose of this study is to find out the relationship between the use of gadgets and academic procrastination onNursing Students level II Saint Elisabeth Medan 2019. Method : The study design is Cross Sectional. Total sampling technique sample are112 students. The measuring instrument used is a questionnaire. Result : The results shows that the majority of use of positive gadgets (92.9%) and moderate academic procrastination (63.4%). Based on the Fisher's Exact Test, it obtained p-value 0.026 (p <0.05), thus indicating a relationship between the use of gadgets and academic procrastination on nursing students level II STIKes Saint Elisabeth Medan. Conculsion: It is expected that respondents will be able to manage time well and not use gadgets for a long time for things that are not useful. Respondent s are expected to use gadgets for things that can support learning activities.

scholarly journals Prevalence and causes of visual impairment and blindness among school children in Muzaffarabad, Pakistan

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Abdul Rauf Awan ◽  
Junaid Jamshed ◽  
Muhammad Mushtaq Khan ◽  
Zahid Latif
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Private Schools ◽  
School Children ◽  
School Health ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Vision loss<strong> </strong>in childhood has serious implications in all stages of child’s growth and development. It poses social, educational and occupational challenges, with affected children being at greater risk of developing behavioral, psychological and emotional problems, lower self-esteem and poorer social integration. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and identify the causes of visual impairment and blindness in school children of UC Gojra, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan so that prevention strategies could be implemented.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This was a<strong> </strong>school-based descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among public and private schools. A multi-stage stratified random sampling technique was used for selecting study participants aged 5-20 years from 24 schools in Muzaffarabad. The vision of school children was examined for visual acuity using standard Snellen chart. Those participants who had visual acuity of &lt;6/18 in either eye underwent a more detailed ophthalmic examination to diagnose the causes of VI. An exploration of demographic variables was conducted using Chi-square test.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The mean age of participants was 10±2.83.<strong> </strong>The prevalence of visual impairment was 19.6% and 2.3% for severe visual impairment. The age group most affected by VI was 11-15 years (74.2%). There were increased chances of developing VI with advancing age of the participants. Males contributed 88.7% of the cases of VI while females contributed only 11.3%. The class category 5-6 had higher percentage of VI cases (32.7%). Public schools contributed 52.8% of the cases of VI while for private schools the corresponding percentage was 47.2%. The leading cause of VI was refractive error (89.3%) followed by amblyopia (5.0%). Other causes of VI included cataract (1.2%), corneal disease (1.8%), strabismus (1.8%) and nystagmus (0.6%).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> There is a need to implement school health policy on visual screening prior to admissions in schools and annual eye screening program for early detection and prompt treatment of eye problems among school children in Muzaffarabad.</p>

Prevalence of amblyopia and its association with refraction in Chinese preschool children aged 36–48 months

2017 ◽  
Vol 102 (6) ◽  
pp. 767-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Huang ◽  
Xuejuan Chen ◽  
Hui Zhu ◽  
Hui Ding ◽  
Jing Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Refractive Errors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Disease Study

PurposeTo determine the prevalence of amblyopia and its association with refraction in Chinese preschool children.MethodsThe Yuhuatai Pediatric Eye Disease Study, a cross-sectional, population-based study, was conducted in children aged 36–48 months in Yuhuatai District, Nanjing, China, in 2015. Visual acuity was measured in 1695 eligible children.ResultsOf the 1695 subjects, manifested amblyopia was detected in 25 children (1.47%, 95% CI 0.90% to 2.05%), including 11 and 14 with bilateral and unilateral amblyopia, respectively. Amblyopia prevalence did not differ by gender (p=0.77). Significant refractive errors were found in 22 (88.0%) of children with amblyopia, and strabismus was found in 6 (24.0%) children with amblyopia. In multivariate analysis, amblyopia was significantly associated with hyperopia (≥+2.00 dioptres (D); OR 8.81, 95% CI 3.27 to 23.69, p<0.0001), astigmatism (≥2.00 D; OR 17.90, 95% CI 6.78 to 47.21, p<0.0001) and anisometropia (≥2.00 D; OR 5.87, 95% CI 1.52 to 22.77, p<0.05).ConclusionsThe prevalence of amblyopia in children 36–48 months old in Eastern China was 1.47%. The refractive error is a major risk factor for amblyopia.

scholarly journals STUDI ATAS BERBAGAI MACAM METODE MEMBACA ALQUR’AN SEJAK TAHUN 50-AN SAMPAI SEKARANG

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
H.M Abduh
Keyword(s):  
Junior High School ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Elementary Children ◽  
Learning To Read ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Modern Age ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Muslim Communities ◽  
Modern Era

This paper wants to describe the methods used by the teachers of the Qur'an in teaching the reading of Al-Qur'an in Indonesia, including South Kalimantan. The Qur'an is the revelation of Allah SWT sent down to the Prophet Muhammad, to be a guide of human life. In the history since the time of revelation until now, the Qur'an is always read, studied and memorized by Muslims every day, this fact proves the achievement of the purpose of naming the Qur'an (mashdar form of the word qara'a which means "reading") . The naming of the Qur'an shows that this holy book has always been preserved in the form of recitation and recitation by the qurra 'wal huffazh since the time of the Prophet until now, even in this modern age the Qur'an is increasingly preserved in the form of cassettes, CDs, etc.In accordance with the development of this modern era, then the ways of studying the Qur'an is also more advanced as well, including ways to learn to read it. If in the time of the Prophet and the companions in reading and writing the Qur'an did not experience significant difficulties, because the Qur'an is derived in Arabic itself, but after Islam developed into various corners of the world that most do not use Arabic, start the scholars of the Qur'an think of how to make Muslims who are not good at Arabic can read the Qur'an properly and correctly. Appears Imam As-Suyuthi created a method of studying the Qur'an reading under the name "Qaidah Bagdadiyah" which for hundreds of years was used by Muslims to learn to read the Qur'an. In Indonesia, around the year 1985-an emerging ustadz H. As'ad Humam of Jogyakarta created a new method called "Iqra" with 6 Volume. This method is considered easier and faster for kindergarten and elementary children in learning to read Al-Qur'an that is managed by the school system / formal. After this Iqra method, then emerged various other methods in learning to read Al-Qur'an which is the development of Iqra 'method, such as in Kalsel own Team LPTQ Prov. South Kalimantan created the "AlBanjary" method of the 1995s for elementary and junior high school ages. Then from North Sulawesi emerged ustadz Muhajir Sulton with the method "Al-Barqy" in 1997's for the adults / parents. Furthermore, more recently discovered methods that are considered faster and easier than Iqra 'method for children of kindergarten and elementary school, the method of "Tilawati".One of the causes of a long time mastering the way of reading the Qur'an is the method of learning to read by spelling or tahajji like "alif fathah a, alif kasrah i" etc. so it takes a long time a learner to master the rules of how to combine letters to find a sentence, this method also applies in some Arabian peninsula. But in essence all of them have been instrumental in creating methods (ways) in the effort to learn to read the Qur'an for Muslims, each method must have advantages and disadvantages, then this paper would like to describe the various methods in learning to read Al-Qur ' which is considered popular among Muslim communities and their respective advantages and disadvantages.

scholarly journals FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KELUHAN KELELAHAN MATA PADA PENGGUNA KOMPUTER DI STIKES HANG TUAH PEKANBARU TAHUN 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-250
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hanafi Hanafi ◽  
Asril Asril ◽  
Ahmad Satria Efendi
Keyword(s):  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Probability Sampling ◽  
Eye Fatigue ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Relationship

Kelelahan mata adalah gangguan yang dialami mata karena otot-ototnya yang dipaksa bekerja keras terutama saat harus melihat objek dekat dalam jangka waktu lama. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah ntuk mengetahui hubungan antara karakteristik pekerja dan perangkat kerja dengan keluhan kelelahan mata pada pengguna komputer. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik kuantitatif dengan menggunakan desain studi cross sectional, dengan responden kasus adalah pekerja yang menggunakan komputer di STIKes Hang Tuah Pekanbaru. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 46 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel pada kasus adalah non probability sampling. Alat ukur yang di gunakan adalah kuesioner, dan pengukuran. Analisis yang di gunakan adalah univariat dan bivariat dengan uji statistik Chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan yang signifikan antara usia (Pvalue=0,024, nilai OR=5,409), durasi penggunaan komputer (Pvalue=0,020, nilai OR=5,143), jarak pandang mata dengan monitor (Pvalue=0,009, nilai OR=6,500) dengan kelulahan kelelahan mata. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan signifikan antara penggunaan anti glare (Pvalue=0,457, nilai OR=1,929) dengan keluhan kelelahan mata. Disarankan kepada pekerja menjaga jarak mata dengan layar monitor, melakukan istirahat mata sekitar 10 menit stiap jam, dan mengatur pencahayaan monitor dalam menggunakan komputer. Eye fatigue is a disorder experienced by the eye because the muscles are forced to work hard, especially when they have to look at close objects for a long time. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the characteristics of workers and work equipment with complaints of eye fatigue in computer users. This research is a quantitative analytic study using a cross sectional study design, with case respondents being workers who use computers at STIKes Hang Tuah Pekanbaru. The number of samples in this study were 46 people. The sampling technique in this case is non-probability sampling. The measuring instrument used is a questionnaire, and measurement. The analysis used was univariate and bivariate with Chi-square statistical test. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between age (P value = 0.024, OR value = 5,409), duration of computer use (P value = 0.020, OR value = 5.143), distance between eyes and monitor (Pvalue = 0.009, OR value = 6,500) with complaints of eye fatigue. The results showed that there was no significant relationship between the use of anti-glare (P-value = 0.457, OR = 1.929) with complaints of eye fatigue. It is recommended for workers to keep their eyes away from the monitor screen, take an eye break of about 10 minutes every hour, and adjust the lighting of the monitor when using the computer.

scholarly journals DIABETIC EYE SCREENING IN SIR GANGA RAM HOSPITAL, LAHORE.

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (05) ◽  
pp. 941-945
Author(s):  
Muhammad Adnan ◽  
Humera Zafar ◽  
Zahra Ali ◽  
Iffat Shabbir ◽  
Tayyaba Rahat
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Ion Exchange Resin ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Duration Of Diabetes ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Eye Examination

Background: Diabetic retinopathy is the optical complication that may leadto impaired vision. It is one of the most prevalent but preventable blinding disease. Its earlydiagnosis is prerequisite for the prevention of the visual loss and blindness associated withdiabetic complication. Objective: To estimate frequency of eye examination and various typesof retinopathy; and to find the association between diabetic retinopathy and its risk factors.Methods: The cross sectional study was conducted from Apr-Sep 2012 by PMRC ResearchCentre, FJMC, Lahore. Using non probability convenient sampling, eighty known type IIdiabetics were recruited. Venous blood was drawn for plasma glucose level (GOD-PAP) andglycosylated hemoglobin (Ion-Exchange Resin). Arterial blood pressure was measured usingdigital apparatus (Oscillometric method). Visual acuity was tested by Snellen’s chart and dilatedfundus examination was done to screen diabetic retinopathy. Data was analyzed using StatisticalPackage for Social Sciences (SPSS-20). Results: The study included 41% males and 59%females. Mean age was 51±9 (33-67) years. Diabetics who never screened for retinopathy were54.3%; and who examined during last year as per IDF guidelines were 25.7%. The frequencyof bilateral and unilateral NPDR was 22.5% and 5%, respectively. The occurrence of NPDR wasslightly higher in left eye, whereas PDR was more prevalent in right eye. The visual acuity wasequal or better than 6/12 in better eye of 80% study participants; and was 6/18-6/36 in better eyeof 20% participants. DR was significantly associated with longer duration of diabetes (p-0.010),poorly controlled diabetes (p-0.044) and hypertension (p-0.006). Odd ratios (95% CI) showedthat duration of diabetes ≥20 years, glycosylated hemoglobin ≥7.5 %, Systolic blood pressure ≥140 mm/Hg and diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mm/Hg had 3-5 times higher risk of retinopathy. Conclusion:Majority of patients were neither knew nor referred for eye examination. Strict control of diabetesand hypertension may prevent or delay diabetic retinopathy. Policy Message: Annual eyeexamination must be prescribed by the physician/ diabetologist. An education and awarenessprogram for diabetics and community based survey is highly recommended.

scholarly journals Visual acuity and correctable visual impairment among Norwegian 65-year olds

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
Vibeke Sundling
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Refractive Error ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Science Data ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Data Services ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Eye Examination ◽  
Medical Research Ethics

Prevalence of ocular disease and visual impairment increases with increased age. Population studies have shown that uncorrected refractive error is the main cause of visual impairment in the general population. The aim of this study was to examine visual acuity (VA) and the prevalence of correctable visual impairment among Norwegian 65-year-olds. The study had a crosssectional design. A random sample born in 1943 (n = 300) was invited to participate. The participants underwent a full eye examination including: patient history, habitual visual acuity (HVA), refraction, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and examination of ocular health. The study was approved by the Regional Committee for Medical Research Ethics and reported to the Norwegian Social Science Data Services. Data was analyzed by Fisher’s exact test, χ2-test, student t-test and logistic regression, p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Relative risk (RR) and odds ratio (OR) were calculated for correctable visual impairment. In all 129 subjects (43%) participated in the study. Three were excluded from the analysis due to missing data. The analysis included 126 subjects, 67 males and 59 females. None of the participants had permanent visual impairment. Mean (±SD) BCVA was logMAR -0.06 (±0.10) (Snellen decimal 1.2). Six subjects (5%) had correctable visual impairment, HVA logMAR > 0.3 (Snellen < 0.5) in the better eye, which improved with best correction to logMAR ≤ 0.3 (Snellen > 0.5). Eight subjects (6%) had clinically relevant undercorrected refractive error, i.e. an undercorrection in refractive error which when corrected produced an improvement in VA of 10 letters (2 lines on the logMAR chart) or more after refraction, when HVA was logMAR < 0.2 (Snellen 0.63). Long time (> 5 years) since last eye examination was an independent risk factor for correctable visual impairment, OR 2.7, 95% CI [1.0, 7.3], p = 0.046. Subjects with correctable visual impairment had either low refractive error or hyperopia (spherical equivalent refraction (SER) > -0.50 D), but there was no statistically significant association between refractive error and correctable visual impairment. Regular eye examination and correction of low refractive error and hyperopia can prevent unnecessary visual impairment in the elderly.

scholarly journals CHARACERISTICS OF DIABETIC PERIPHERAL NEUROPATIC

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
SUYANTO SUYANTO
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sensitivity Score ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Analytic Design ◽  
Oral Hypoglycemic Drugs

Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) for a long time may experience diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). This study aims to determine the characteristics of diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Methodology: descriptive analytic design with cross sectional design used with 35 samples obtained with purposive sampling technique. The sample of the research was diabetic peripheral neuropathy patients with maximum leg sensitivity score 8. Results: The frequency distribution test results showed the average age of respondents 49.5 � 6.7, female gender (68.4%), diabetes mellitus 4.6 � 2, dominant pharmacological treatment of Oral Hypoglycemic Drugs (OHO) (84.1%) and average ABI values 0.85 � 0.05, mean foot sensation score of 8 � 0.8. Discussion: the characteristics of patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy are very diverse, it is necessary to see the correlation between characteristics with the incidence of diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

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