scholarly journals Pengaruh Mutasi Fisik Iradiasi Sinar Gamma terhadap Keragaman Genetik dan Penampilan Coleus blumei

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
Eny Rolenti Togatorop ◽  
Syarifah Iis Aisyah ◽  
M. Rizal M. Damanik
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Mutation Breeding ◽  
Ornamental Plant ◽  
Fractionated Irradiation ◽  
Coleus Blumei ◽  
Gamma Ray Irradiation ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Putative Mutant ◽  
Number Of Branches

<p>ABSTRACT<br />Mutation breeding such as gamma ray irradiation is one of strategy to increase genetic variability. The aim of this research was to indentify genetic variability, performance changes and to obtain putative mutant of Coleus blumei purple/green through gamma ray irradiation. The experiment design used was Randomized Complete Block with single factor and three replications. The gamma ray irradiation was given to shoot cuttings of C. blumei by fractionated irradiation dose: 0 Gy (control), 20+20 Gy, 22.5+22.5 Gy, 25+25 Gy and 27.5+27.5 Gy. The irradiated shoot cuttings were planted in field until MV3 generation. The result of this research showed that gamma ray irradiation on C.blumei purple/green produced the high genetic variability on number of leaves and number of branches i.e. 58.48% and 74.02% by 25+25 Gy dose and number of branches by 20+20 Gy and 22.5+22.5 Gy dose i.e. 53.47% and 68.97% respectively. Physically induced mutation by gamma ray irradiation produced 5 putative mutants respectively on colour and pattern of leaf changes in the following plants: 20+20.5, 20+20.7, 22.5+22.5.8, 25+25.5 and 25+25.8.<br />Keywords: fractionated irradiation, mutagen, ornamental plant, putative mutan, shoot cutting</p><p>ABSTRAK<br />Pemuliaan mutasi dengan iradiasi sinar gamma merupakan salah satu cara dalam meningkatkan keragaman genetik tanaman. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi keragaman genetik, perubahan penampilan dan mendapatkan mutan putatif pada tanaman Coleus blumei ungu/hijau melalui iradiasi sinar gamma. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak (RKLT) faktor tunggal dengan 3 ulangan. Iradiasi sinar gamma diberikan terhadap stek pucuk C. blumei ungu/hijau dengan dosis terbagi yaitu: 0 Gy (kontrol), 20+20 Gy, 22.5+22.5 Gy, 25+25 Gy dan 27.5+27.5 Gy. Semua tanaman hasil iradiasi ditanam di lapangan sampai generasi MV3. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian iradiasi sinar gamma pada C. blumei ungu/hijau menghasilkan keragaman genetik yang cukup tinggi pada karakter jumlah daun dan jumlah cabang dengan nilai KKG masing-masing 58.48% dan 74.02% pada dosis 25+25 Gy serta karakter jumlah cabang dengan nilai KKG 53.47% dan 68.97% masing-masing pada dosis 20+20 gy dan 22.5+22.5 Gy. Mutasi induksi fisik dengan iradiasi sinar gamma pada C. blumei ungu/hijau<br />menghasilkan 5 mutan putatif berdasarkan perubahan warna dan corak daun yaitu pada tanaman: 20+20.5, 20+20.7, 22.5+22.5.8, 25+25.5 dan 25+25.8.<br />Kata kunci: iradiasi terbagi, mutagen, mutan putatif, stek pucuk, tanaman hias</p>

scholarly journals Improving Performance of Coleus through Mutation Induction by Gamma Ray Irradiation

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
Syarifah Iis Aisyah ◽  
Yodi Marthin ◽  
M. Rizal M. Damanik
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Irradiation ◽  
Dose Level ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Mutation Induction ◽  
Coleus Blumei ◽  
Irradiation Treatment ◽  
Gamma Ray Irradiation ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Short Time

The objective of this study is to study the effect of gamma ray irradiation (15, 30, 45, and 60 gray (Gy) to determine Lethal Dose 50 (LD50) values, and to obtain new Coleus variances in a relatively short time. The study was conducted in a greenhouse at Cikabayan experimental field, Bogor Agricultural University, Darmaga, Bogor in May to July 2013. Gamma irradiation treatment significantly affected height, number of leaves, and number of nodes. Increasing the dose level of gamma irradiation tend to inhibit plant growth. LD50 for yellow/green, green/brown, variegated green/brown of Coleus blumei, and Coleus amboinicus Lour were 48.66, 65.2, 52.81, and 37.62 Gy respectively. C. amboinicus  irradiated at a dose level of 45 Gy had different leaf shapes compared to control. Keywords:  Coleus, gamma ray irradiation, LD50 values, ornamental plant, torbangun

scholarly journals ANALISIS LINTAS PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TERHADAP PROTEIN KACANG TUNGGAK (Vigna unguiculata L) GENERASI M2

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Yukarie Ayu Wulandari ◽  
Sobir Sobir ◽  
Syarifah Iis Aisyah
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Cross Correlation ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Testing Laboratory ◽  
Cowpea Seeds ◽  
Gamma Ray Irradiation ◽  
Kjeldahl Method ◽  
June July ◽  
Putative Mutant ◽  
Number Of Branches

Cowpea (V. unguiculata L) can be developed as a source of vegetable protein because it contains relatively high protein and high lysine. The protein content in seeds is an accumulation of character components that play a role in protein formation, whose relationship can be predicted using cross correlation and analysis coefficients. The study was carried out in the experimental garden of Pasir Kuda PKHT of IPB in February - May 2018. Protein analysis is carriedout in the Testing Laboratory of the Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB in June - July 2018. The study was conducted using 30 putative mutant test genotypes of M2 generation result from the mutation of gamma ray irradiation and KM4 genotype as a comparison which was repeated three times. The protein content of the seeds was analyzed using the Kjeldahl method and then analyzed the variance, correlation coefficient and path. The results showed that M2 generation putative mutants showed diversity for the character of protein content in cowpea seeds. The protein content in cowpea seeds can be predicted through the character of plant height and number of branches.

scholarly journals In Vitro Mutagenesis of Etlingera elatior by Gamma Ray Intermittent Irradiation

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 111-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elmi Irmayanti Azzahra ◽  
Syarifah Iis Aisyah ◽  
Diny Dinarti ◽  
Krisantini Krisantini
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Leaf Shape ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Mutation Breeding ◽  
Ornamental Plant ◽  
In Vitro Mutagenesis ◽  
Split Dose ◽  
Etlingera Elatior

Etlingera elatior is tropical ornamental plant commonly called “torch ginger” from Zingiberaceae family. Conventional breeding of E. elatior is limited by cross incompatibility, poor fruit set and low seed production.  In this study irradiation of E. elatior with Gamma ray performed to induce mutation. This study was aimed to increase morphological diversity and to obtain unique morphological characters to increase the aesthetic value of E. elatior as ornamental plants and cut flower. Two genotypes of E. elatior, red and white flowers, were tested. The LD20, LD35, and LD50 were determined following intermittent (split dose) Gamma irradiation with a two-hour gap between each gamma ray shot. Red genotype E. elatior explants were irradiated with dose of 3 + 3 Gy (LD20); 4 + 4 Gy (LD35) and 5 + 5 Gy (LD50); white genotype were irradiated with a dose of 2 + 2 Gy (LD20); 2.8 + 2.8 Gy (LD35) and 3.7 + 3.7 Gy (LD50). Non-irradiated explants were set as control.  The results of this study indicated that the increase in dose of gamma ray irradiation changed shoot length and number of leaves in the red genotype per explant as compared to control. Morphological changes occurred in leaf shape at 5 + 5 Gy and 3.7 + 3.7 Gy and formation of variegated leaves at 2.8 + 2.8 Gy and 5 + 5 Gy. Keywords: mutation breeding, ornamental plant, split irradiation dose, torch ginger, Zingiberaceae

Impact of mutant varieties in Malaysia: challenges and future perspectives for mutation breeding.

2021 ◽  
pp. 65-75
Author(s):  
Rusli Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Nuclear Research ◽  
Mutation Breeding ◽  
Chrysanthemum Morifolium ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Substantial Progress ◽  
Gamma Ray Irradiation ◽  
Gamma Irradiated

Abstract Malaysia has made substantial progress in plant mutation breeding with the use of nuclear techniques and related biotechnologies, not only in the development of new mutant varieties but also in the establishment of an excellent nuclear research centre. A total of 53 mutant varieties have been developed, including rice Oryza sativa (19), banana Musa acuminata (one), groundnut Arachis hypogaea (two), orchid Dendrobium 'Sonia' (six), chrysanthemum Chrysanthemum morifolium (seven), hibiscus Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (three), roselles Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (three) and other ornamental and landscaping plants (12). Most of the new ornamental varieties have been developed by both acute and chronic gamma-ray irradiation of seeds, rooted cuttings, bulbs and tissue cultures. Food crops that have an economic impact on sustainable agricultural production are mutant varieties of banana ('Novaria') and rice (MRQ74, MR219-9 and MR219-4). 'Novaria' is a selection made from a mutant, 'GN-60A', of 'Grande Naine' (AAA Musa) identified from gamma-ray treated populations of the Biotechnology Laboratory in Seibersdorf, Austria. 'Novaria' was the first mutant variety, officially released in 1995 by the Malaysian Nuclear Agency as a new variety for its improved characteristics such as early flowering, short stature and high yield. MRQ74 is a type of high-quality fragrant rice with newly induced traits such as resistance to blast, long and slender grain shape, non-sticky and with the elongation properties of cooked rice similar to those of Basmati-type rice. It is an indirect mutant variety released in 2003 and one of its parental lines for cross-breeding was the mutant 'Mahsuri', which was developed through mutation breeding using gamma-rays. In 2014, two new mutant varieties of rice, 'MR219-9' and 'MR219-4', which are drought tolerant, high yielding and resistant to blast, were selected from gamma irradiated material. Despite these achievements, applications of induced mutation have decreased during the past 10 years due to reduced funding. Mutation breeding is still a promising technique for the development of novel varieties which in combination with advanced molecular genetics can bring plant mutation breeding into a new era.

Evaluation of Performance of Induced Mutants In Mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Dewanjee ◽  
K. K. Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Mutation Breeding ◽  
Significant Positive Effect ◽  
High Positive Correlation ◽  
Evaluation Of Performance ◽  
Induced Mutants ◽  
High Yielding Varieties ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Number Of Branches

To enhance genetic variation for desirable traits, the present study on mutation breeding in mungbean crop was initiated with two varieties K-851 and Sona mung, both treated with four doses of gamma rays (100, 200, 300 and 400 Gy). The gamma ray has been widely used for the improvement of various traits of crops, Songsri et al. (2011) and Aney (2013). Mutations could be induced through physical and chemical mutagens, Ahloowalia et al. (2004), Chopra (2005), Jain (2005) and Sangsiri (2005). Auti. (2012) reported that induced mutation in mungbean plays an important role in creating genetic variability, he also stated that high yielding varieties in mungbean is possible by the exploitation of mutation breeding. For yield and its attributing traits, selection was practiced on the basis of the traits showing high positive correlation with primary trait like yield per plant. In Cv. Sona mung, number of branches per plant, clusters per plant, pod per plant, pod per cluster had shown significant positive effect whereas, plant height, number of branches per plant, pod per plant and 100 seed weight showed significant positive effect in Cv. K-851. Coefficient of variation for most of the traits was successively reduced in advanced generations indicating attainment of uniformity within families in the advance generations. Four high yielding mutant families accompanied by high harvest index were identified in M7 generation from 200 and 400 Gy of Sona mung and 200 and 300 Gy of K-851 and families from 200 Gy also showed synchronous maturity for about 80 percent pods. Some of the high yielding families from 300 Gy of K-851 had reduced test weight, thus providing scope for development of high yielding small seeded varieties in mungbean.

Selection for Growth Traits on M1V1 Generation of Raja Bulu Banana (Musa paradisiaca Linn.) Obtained by Gamma Rays Irradiation

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Nandariyah Nandariyah ◽  
Endang Yuniastuti ◽  
Sukaya Sukaya ◽  
Sonia Ika Yudhita
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Mutation Breeding ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Musa Paradisiaca ◽  
Gamma Ray Irradiation

<p><a name="_Hlk39513249"></a><span lang="EN-US">Raja Bulu is one of the banana varieties favored by the community because of its thick fruit flesh and sweet taste. However, its parthenocarpic characteristic and vegetative propagation make this banana variety has limited genetic variation. Attempt to improve the genetic variation was conducted through induced mutation breeding using gamma-ray mutagens. This research aimed to select M1V1 generation of Raja Bulu banana (<em>Musa paradisiaca</em> Linn.) obtained by gamma rays’ irradiation for their growth traits which are expected to produce banana varieties that have an early maturity and high yield. This study used a randomized complete block design without replication by observing the generative growth of each individual of Raja Bulu banana irradiated by gamma rays and without radiation as a control. The results showed that gamma-ray irradiation treatment caused Raja Bulu banana to be harvested earlier and produced higher fruit weight than controls. The gamma-ray irradiation had a random influence on Raja Bulu bananas. The 10 Gy gamma-ray irradiation dosage influenced the morphological diversity in the generative phase of Raja Bulu banana. The treatment of gamma irradiation resulted in 5 individual plants that flowered and matured earlier as compared to controls</span><span lang="IN">.</span></p>

Diversity through genetic variability and correlation in chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat) genotypes

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (02) ◽  
pp. 136-145
Author(s):  
Sunil Kumar ◽  
Niki Dewan
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Flower Head ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Vase Life ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Bud Initiation ◽  
Number Of Branches

Evaluation of diversity through genetic variability and correlation studies on vegetative and floral characters of chrysanthemum genotypes were undertaken at experimental farm, Department of Horticulture, NEHU, Tura Campus, Tura, West Garo Hills District, Meghalaya during 2015-2017.Fifteen varieties namely, Korean Red, Korean Yellow, Solan Shringar, Ramblored, Yellow Star, Calabria, Ajay, AAU Yellow, White Star, Korean Bicolour, Charming, Lysid, Safin, Shayana and Gambit were selected for their evaluation. The range of variation was high for number of leaves (38.24-125.11) followed by days to bud initiation (34.60-94.66). Highest phenotypic and genotypic variances were observed for number of leaves (699.74 and 699.70), respectively. The estimates of phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) were higher than genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for all the traits. Maximum PCV and GCV was observed for dry weight (89.73 and 89.17) followed by number of flowers per spray per plant (78.10 and 78.08). However, maximum heritability were observed in number of leaves (99.98 percent), number of flowers per spray per plant (99.98 percent) and flower longevity (99.97 percent) followed by days to bud initiation (99.95 percent) and plant height (99.94 percent), whereas, maximum genetic advance was noticed in number of leaves (54.49). The high heritability with genetic advance as percentage of mean for number of branches and number of flowers per spray per plant indicates the possible role of additive gene action. The magnitude of genotypic correlation was higher than their corresponding phenotypic correlation for most of the traits, indicating a strong inherent linkage between various traits under study. At genotypic and phenotypic level, number of leaves exhibited highly significant and positive correlation with number of branches (0.889), number of flower head per plant (0.498), number of sprays per plant (0.497) and number of flowers per spray per plant (0.419), while, vase life showed significant and positive correlation with number of flower head per plant (0.315), number of sprays per plant (0.339) and flower diameter (0.311).

scholarly journals Pengaruh pemangkasan terhadap pertumbuhan: percabangan dan pembesaran bonggol tiga kultivar kamboja Jepang (Adenium Arabicum)

Kultivasi ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yayat Rochayat Suradinata ◽  
Adinda Cikal Amalia ◽  
Anne Nuraini
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Branch Length ◽  
Ornamental Plant ◽  
Aesthetic Value ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Number Of Branches

Ornamental plant of Adenium arabicum has a selling value and a high aesthetic value. The beauty of the exotic stump and branching lots are characteristic that differentiates it from other species of Adenium. However, to get a lot of branching and stump enlargement require a long time, so that should an effort to speed up the desired form A. aracium, that is by pruning. This research aimed to determine the effect of pruning on growth, that is branching and stump enlargement three cultivars of A. arabicum. Experiment as done on April until June 2016 at Ciparanje Experimental Station, Faculty of Agriculture, Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor, Sumedang, West Java. The experiment used Factorial Randomized Block Design with three cultivars (Yak Saudi, RCN, and Thai Socotranum) and pruning (without pruning, pruning 7segments, and pruning 14 segments), with three replications. The result of the experiment showed that there was interaction between three cultivars and branching increased the diameter of the stump A. arabicum at 6 weeks after pruning. Interactions that occur, that was between Yak Saudi cultivars with without pruning. Treatment on three cultivars don’t showed different effects. Pruning 14 segments showed the best effect to increased the number of branches, branch length, number of leaves and leaf area on the plant of A. arabicum. Keywords: Adenium arabicum, pruning, RCN, Thai Socotranum, Yak Saudi. 

scholarly journals Morphological mutants of Zoysia japonica Steud. induced by gamma ray irradiation

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-194
Author(s):  
Mohd Abdul Halim Bin Baharun Azahar ◽  
Abdul Shukor Juraimi ◽  
Mohd Rafh Yusof ◽  
Abdul Rahim Harun ◽  
SM Samsuzzaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Mutation Breeding ◽  
Zoysia Japonica ◽  
Single Node ◽  
Morphological Mutants ◽  
Induce Mutagenesis ◽  
Gamma Ray Irradiation

Study of Zoysia japonica morphological improvement and breeding by induced mutation using gamma ray irradiation was conducted. Mutagenesis by gamma ray irradiation was employed using 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120 and 140 Gy to treat 30 single node stolons per treatment. It was demonstrated that single node stolon is suitable for gamma ray irradiation mutagenesis in Z. japonica. It has been identified that 76 Gy as the value LD50 is effective to induce mutagenesis on Z. japonica. Survival rate of Z. japonica stolon was greatly reduced when irradiated with higher dosages. This experiment was repeated using LD50 on 1500 single node stolons. Thirty nine morphological mutants were identified and evaluated. Most of the mutants were semi-dwarf and have horizontal growing pattern with reduced internode length and leaf blade length. The altered morphological traits were stable after third cutting back (M1V3) shown by their morphological performance. Mutation breeding is effective in improving Z. japonica when easily recognized cultivars are needed.

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