scholarly journals Sineol dalam Minyak Kayu Putih sebagai Pelangsing Aromaterapi

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
Irmanida Batubara ◽  
Irma Herawati Suparto ◽  
Fiqa Annisa Rakhmatika
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Gas Chromatograph ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Average Body ◽  
Average Body Weight

Cajuput is one of plants containing essential oil with cineole as a major component. This aim of study is to separate cineole in cajuput oil and to analyze its potency as slimming aromatherapy through in vivo assay. The essential oil was fractionated by column chromatography resulting 23 fraction (F1-F23). Cajuput oil, cineole, and F9 were analyzed by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer, and the slimming aromatherapy potency was studied on white adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. Inhalation result of cineole showed that the average body weight of rats after 5 weeks treatment period was lower than that of the normal and the control groups which consumed high cholesterol feed. In conclusion, cineole is a compound that is potential in slimming aromatherapy.

scholarly journals Sineol dalam Minyak Kayu Putih sebagai Pelangsing Aromaterapi

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
Irmanida Batubara ◽  
Irma Herawati Suparto ◽  
Fiqa Annisa Rakhmatika
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Gas Chromatograph ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Average Body ◽  
Average Body Weight

Cajuput is one of plants containing essential oil with cineole as a major component. This aim of study is to separate cineole in cajuput oil and to analyze its potency as slimming aromatherapy through in vivo assay. The essential oil was fractionated by column chromatography resulting 23 fraction (F1-F23). Cajuput oil, cineole, and F9 were analyzed by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer, and the slimming aromatherapy potency was studied on white adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. Inhalation result of cineole showed that the average body weight of rats after 5 weeks treatment period was lower than that of the normal and the control groups which consumed high cholesterol feed. In conclusion, cineole is a compound that is potential in slimming aromatherapy.

scholarly journals BODY WEIGHT PROFILEAND MORTALITY RATEOF MALE SPRAGUE DAWLEY RATS DURING THE FORMATION OF FIBROSARCOMA INDUCED BY BENZO(A)PYRENE

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Palagan Senopati Sewoyo ◽  
Anak Agung Ayu Mirah Adi ◽  
Ida Bagus Oka Winaya
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Average Body ◽  
Average Body Weight

Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) is one of several examples of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons that come from incomplete combustion of organic materials.BaP compound is used in research to induce fibrosarcoma.In general, patients with cancer will experience a reduction in body weight. This study aims to determine the body weight profile, the time it takes to cause fibrosarcoma, and the mortality rate of male Sprague Dawley rats after injection with BaP. In this study, 18 rats were used with two treatments.Rats in treatment 0 (P0) were not treated, while rats in treatment I (PI) were injected with BaP 0.3% in 0.1 mL oleum olivarumten times given gradually at two-day intervals via subcutaneous. There were six and 12 rats, respectively, P0 and PI. BaP solution is prepared by dissolving in oleum olivarum, mixing, and stirring until homogeneous. The rats were weighed at the beginning of the study and then carried out routinely once a weekfor 19 weeks of research. At the beginning of the study, the average body weight of rats at P0 and PI were 121.43 ± 7.04 g and 131.49 ± 16.31 g, respectively. The mean body weight of the rats at P0 and PI from the first week to the 19th were178.53 ± 29.97 g and 159.20 ± 14.24 g, respectively. The time taken to inducefibrosarcoma was 85.5 ± 17.6 days. The mortality rate in treatment P0 was 0% and PI treatment was 8.33%.From the results of this study, it can be concluded that giving BaP significantly reduces the body weight profile of rats and has a mortality rate of 8.33%.

scholarly journals Anti-obesity Activity Tin Leaf Extract (Ficus carica Linn) on the Rats given High Fat Diets

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Errol Rakhmad Noordam ◽  
Swasono R. Tamat ◽  
Syamsudin Syamsudin
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Test Group ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ficus Carica ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Average Body ◽  
Average Body Weight

Obesity is a health problem in the community because it can cause a risk of degenerative diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, high blood pressure, heart disease, cancer, and atherosclerosis. Unhealthy lifestyles such as lack of physical activity by exercising, a diet high in carbohydrates and fats, can cause fat deposits in the body, especially in the abdomen. The use of chemical drugs such as Orlistat as a weight loss or to help reduce the risk of regaining lost weight, is less effective because it requires a long consumption time and the presence of side effects. Tin leaf content (Ficus carica Linn) is flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins and steroids, tin leaf extract has IC50 150mg/L antioxidant activity. This study was to determine the anti-obesity activity of tin leaf extract in male Sprague-Dawley rats given a high fat diet. 30 Sprague-Dawley rats were classified into 6 groups. The results obtained, in the group dose of 100 mg / kg obtained an average body weight of 381.8 grams, the test group 200 mg / kg obtained an average body weight of 414.5 grams, in the test group 400 mg / kg obtained 387 grams. The conclusion of this study is that the activity of Tin leaf extract (Ficus carica Linn) can be used as an anti-obesity.

scholarly journals Acute and Subchronic Toxicity Study ofEuphorbia hirtaL. Methanol Extract in Rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwan Yuet Ping ◽  
Ibrahim Darah ◽  
Yeng Chen ◽  
Subramaniam Sreeramanan ◽  
Sreenivasan Sasidharan
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Morphological Alteration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Significant Difference

DespiteEuphorbia hirtaL. ethnomedicinal benefits, very few studies have described the potential toxicity. The aim of the present study was to evaluate thein vivotoxicity of methanolic extracts ofE. hirta. The acute and subchronic oral toxicity ofE. hirtawas evaluated in Sprague Dawley rats. The extract at a single dose of 5000 mg/kg did not produce treatment related signs of toxicity or mortality in any of the animals tested during the 14-day observation period. Therefore, the LD 50 of this plant was estimated to be more than 5000 mg/kg. In the repeated dose 90-day oral toxicity study, the administration of 50 mg/kg, 250 mg/kg, and 1000 mg/kg/day ofE. hirtaextract per body weight revealed no significant difference (P>0.05) in food and water consumptions, body weight change, haematological and biochemical parameters, relative organ weights, and gross findings compared to the control group. Macropathology and histopathology examinations of all organs including the liver did not reveal morphological alteration. Analyses of these results with the information of signs, behaviour, and health monitoring could lead to the conclusion that the long-term oral administration ofE. hirtaextract for 90 days does not cause sub-chronic toxicity.

scholarly journals Bioavailability, metabolism, and excretion of a complex Alternaria culture extract versus altertoxin II: a comparative study in rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 93 (11) ◽  
pp. 3153-3167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannes Puntscher ◽  
Georg Aichinger ◽  
Stephanie Grabher ◽  
Eva Attakpah ◽  
Franziska Krüger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Simultaneous Detection ◽  
Monomethyl Ether ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Food Contaminants ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Culture Extract ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Potential Food

Abstract Despite the frequent infection of agricultural crops by Alternaria spp., their toxic secondary metabolites and potential food contaminants lack comprehensive metabolic characterization. In this study, we investigated their bioavailability, metabolism, and excretion in vivo. A complex Alternaria culture extract (50 mg/kg body weight) containing 11 known toxins and the isolated lead toxin altertoxin II (0.7 mg/kg body weight) were administered per gavage to groups of 14 Sprague Dawley rats each. After 3 h and 24 h, plasma, urine and feces were collected to determine toxin recoveries. For reliable quantitation, an LC–MS/MS method for the simultaneous detection of 20 Alternaria toxins and metabolites was developed and optimized for either biological matrix. The obtained results demonstrated efficient excretion of alternariol (AOH) and its monomethyl ether (AME) via feces (> 89%) and urine (> 2.6%) after 24 h, while the majority of tenuazonic acid was recovered in urine (20 and 87% after 3 and 24 h, respectively). Moreover, modified forms of AOH and AME were identified in urine and fecal samples confirming both, mammalian phase-I (4-hydroxy-AOH) and phase-II (sulfates) biotransformation in vivo. Despite the comparably high doses, perylene quinones were recovered only at very low levels (altertoxin I, alterperylenol, < 0.06% in urine and plasma, < 5% in feces) or not at all (highly genotoxic, epoxide-holding altertoxin II, stemphyltoxin III). Interestingly, altertoxin I was detected in all matrices of rats receiving altertoxin II and suggests enzymatic de-epoxidation in vivo. In conclusion, the present study contributes valuable information to advance our understanding of the emerging Alternaria mycotoxins and their relevance on food safety.

Pharmacokinetics of bio-shell-silver-core nanoparticles (AgNP) in Sprague-Dawley Rats – In vivo study

2021 ◽  
Vol 09 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asra Parveen ◽  
Vijay kumar B. Malashetty ◽  
Sushruta Marla ◽  
Shanth Reddy ◽  
Sidramappa Sirsand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Potential Toxicity ◽  
Target Organs ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

Background: Silver nanoparticles have been widely used in the field of nanomedicine. A comprehensive understanding of their pharmacokinetics is crucial for proper risk assessment and safe biomedical applications. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the safety of silver nanoparticles by determining its potential toxicity following 28 days administration in Sprague Dawley rats. Method: The silver nanoparticles were administered by intravenous injection at the doses of 100, 200 and 500 µg/kg body weight for 28 consecutive days. Animals in the control group were received sterile water for injection. Each group consists of 10 male and 10 female rats. Results: No treatment related effects were seen in any of the parameters monitored in rats given 100, 200 and 500 µg/kg body weight/day of silver nanoparticles. Conclusion: The study proved that the use of up to 500 µg/kg body weight biosynthesized silver nanoparticles have no toxic effect in the target organs and found safe. However, the safety of the nanoparticles might be attributed to the covering of biological moieties on nanoparticles. Hence, the biofunctionalized nanoparticles can be safely used by selecting the required size and dose in medicines and drug delivery systems.

THE EFFECT OF (Morinda citrifolia L.) MEAL IN DIET ON PERFORMANCE OF BROILER

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
Yosi Fenita
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Morinda Citrifolia ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Effect Of Feeding ◽  
Average Body ◽  
Average Body Weight

The objective of the research was to evaluate to effect of feeding mengkudu on performances of broilers. The research design used was completely randomized design. One hundred broilers were distributed into five treatments. The treatments were different levels of mengkudu meal (0, 0.75%, 1.5%, 2.25 % and 3%). The observed measured were feed consumption, average body weight (gain) and feed conversion. Results showed that feeding mengkudu (Morinda Citrifolia L.)  no effect significant (P>0.05) on feed consumption, average body weight and feed conversion.  In conclusion, feeding mengkudu meal up to 3% (in diet) does not negatively affect feed consumption, average body weight, and feed conversion.

scholarly journals The Effects of Feed Color on Broiler Performance between Day 1 and 21

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1511
Author(s):  
Joseph P. Gulizia ◽  
Kevin M. Downs
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Treatment Effects ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Broiler Performance ◽  
Average Body ◽  
Average Body Weight

Two trials were conducted to determine feed color effects on broiler performance. A completely randomized design was used. Trial 1 included four treatments: control (complete broiler starter diet), red, green, and blue; and Trial 2 included four treatments: control, orange, yellow, and purple. Each trial had 4 treatments with 4 replicates (60 birds/treatment) fed to 240 male Cobb 500 broilers during a 21 d grow out. Data were analyzed using the GLM procedure. In Trial 1, there were no treatment effects on average body weight, body weight gain, and feed consumption (p > 0.05). Adjusted feed conversion for control (1.23) was less than red (1.27; p = 0.001) and green (1.26; p = 0.009), with blue (1.25; p = 0.056) tending to be different during the experimental period. In Trial 2, there were no treatment effects on average body weight, feed consumption, and adjusted feed conversion during this study (p > 0.05). Body weight gain between d 1 to 14 for purple (490.78 g/bird) was more than orange (467 g/bird; p = 0.013) and yellow (461 g/bird; p= 0.004), with control (474 g/bird; p = 0.052) tending to be different. Results indicate that these feed colors had some, albeit limited, influence on broiler performance parameters.

Toxicokinetic and Genotoxicity Study of NNK in Male Sprague-Dawley Rats Following Nose-Only Inhalation Exposure, Intraperitoneal Injection, and Oral Gavage

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu-Chieh Hu ◽  
Matthew S Bryant ◽  
Estatira Sepehr ◽  
Hyun-Ki Kang ◽  
Raul Trbojevich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Lung ◽  
Inhalation Exposure ◽  
Systemic Exposure ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Oral Gavage ◽  
Sd Rats ◽  
New Information ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Tissue Specimens

Abstract The tobacco-specific nitrosamine NNK [4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone] is found in tobacco products and tobacco smoke. NNK is a potent genotoxin and human lung carcinogen; however, there are limited inhalation data for the toxicokinetics (TK) and genotoxicity of NNK in vivo. In the present study, a single dose of 5x10−5, 5x10−3, 0.1, or 50 mg/kg body weight (BW) of NNK, 75% propylene glycol (vehicle control), or air (sham control) was administered to male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (9-10 weeks age) via nose-only inhalation (INH) exposure for 1 hour. For comparison, the same doses of NNK were administered to male SD rats via intraperitoneal (IP) injection and oral gavage (PO). Plasma, urine, and tissue specimens were collected at designated timepoints and analyzed for levels of NNK and its major metabolite 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL) and tissue levels of DNA adduct O6-methylguanine by LC/MS/MS. TK data analysis was performed using a non-linear regression program. For the genotoxicity subgroup, tissues were collected at 3 hours post-dosing for comet assay analysis. Overall, the TK data indicated that NNK was rapidly absorbed and metabolized extensively to NNAL after NNK administration via the three routes. The IP route had the greatest systemic exposure to NNK. NNK metabolism to NNAL appeared to be more efficient via INH than IP or PO. NNK induced significant increases in DNA damage in multiple tissues via the three routes. The results of this study provide new information and understanding of the toxicokinetics and genotoxicity of NNK.

scholarly journals Pharmacological comparison of four biopolymeric natural gums as hemostatic agents for management of bleeding wounds: preliminary in vitro and in vivo results

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Himanshu Kushwah ◽  
Nidhi Sandal ◽  
Meenakshi Chauhan ◽  
Gaurav Mittal
Keyword(s):  
Xanthan Gum ◽  
Guar Gum ◽  
Human Lymphocytes ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Gum Tragacanth ◽  
Civilian Trauma ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Cytotoxicity Studies

Abstract Background Uncontrolled bleeding is one of the primary reasons for preventable death in both civilian trauma and military battle field. This study evaluates in vitro and in vivo hemostatic potential of four biopolymeric natural gums, namely, gum tragacanth, guar gum, xanthan gum, and gum acacia. In vitro evaluation of whole blood clotting time and erythrocyte agglutination assay were carried out. In vitro cytotoxicity studies with respect to each gum were done in human lymphocytes to ascertain percent cell viability. In vivo hemostatic potential of each gum (as sponge dressing and powder form) was evaluated in Sprague Dawley rats using tail bleeding assay and compared with commercially available hemostatic sponge. Other important parameters like (a) time taken for complete hemostasis, (b) amount of blood absorbed, (c) adherence strength of developed hemostatic dressing(s), (d) incidence of re-bleeding, and (e) survival of animals were also studied. Results Of the four test gums studied, xanthan gum (@3mg/ml of blood) and gum tragacanth (@35mg/ml of blood) were able to clot blood in least time (58.75±6.408 s and 59.00±2.082 s, respectively) and exhibited very good hemostatic potential in vitro. Except for xanthan gum, all other test gums did not exhibit any significant cytotoxicity at different time points till 24 h. In rat tail bleeding experiments, gum tragacanth sponge dressing and powder achieved hemostasis in least time (156.2±12.86 s and 76±12.55 s, respectively) and much earlier than commercially available product (333.3±38.84 s; p˂0.01). Conclusion Results indicate potential of gum tragacanth to be developed into a suitable hemostatic product.

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