scholarly journals Effect of haloperidol on centrilobular vein and portal triad of liver in the albino rats during intrauterine life

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (06) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shazia Tufail ◽  
Sobia Ibrahim ◽  
Muhammad Usman Suhail
Keyword(s):  
Cell Injury ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
P Value ◽  
Portal Triad ◽  
Intrauterine Life ◽  
Group A ◽  
Animal House

Haloperidol is first generation antipsychotic used to treat psychosis. Its usage during pregnancy benefits psychotic mother and is indispensable for treating psychiatric emergency situations. Objectives: To evaluate the effects of haloperidol on development of centrilobular vein and portal triad of liver given to albino rats during intrauterine period. Study Design: Experimental study. Setting: PPGMI Animal House, Lahore. Period: July to September 2017. Materials & Methods: Pregnant female rats were randomly divided into three groups A,B and C ,15 rats in each group. Group B & C were given haloperidol in a dose of 0.4mg/kg and 0.8mg/kg body weight by intraperitoneal route whereas group A was considered as control group. Hysterotomy was done on 21st day of gestation and pups were removed. Pups of group A, B and C were designated as A1, B1 and C1. They were grossly examined for any abnormality and liver was removed after dissection. Slides were made and stained to evaluate changes in detailed histological study of centrilobular veins and portal triads. Results: Comparison of centrilobular vein and portal triad of group B1 and C1 with control A1 revealed that there is significant congestion seen in centrilobular veins of group B1 and C1 with P value ≤ 0.001 and signs of inflammation are present in experimental groups where were significant as compared to control group A1 with P value ≤ 0.001. Conclusion: Haloperidol, given during intrauterine life is responsible for initiating cell injury sequelae in the developing liver of fetal albino rats and must be given with caution if necessary.

scholarly journals Protective Effects of Ocimum basilicum Against Atrophic Changes in Graafian Follicles in Cyclophosphamide Induced Ovarian Toxicity

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38
Author(s):  
Saba Saleem
Keyword(s):  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Medical Institute ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
P Value ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Intraperitoneal Dose ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Natural Herb

Introduction: Cyclophosphamide is one of the alkylating chemotherapeutic drug used in cancer patients that has antifertility effects on female gonads. Ocimum basilicum is a natural herb rich in polyphenols and is known to improve fertility. Aims & Objectives: The study was designed to evaluate the role of natural herb, Ocimum basilicum extract, as a preventive agent against ovarian follicular toxicity induced by cyclophosphamide. Place and duration of study: This experimental study was performed in the Department of Anatomy, Shaikh Zayed Postgraduate Medical Institute, Lahore. The duration of study was 8 months. Material & Methods: 45 female albino rats were divided equally in control group A, experimental group B and group C each contained 15 rats. Group A rats received single dose of 150 mg/kg normal saline intraperitoneally on 8th day of experiment, while group B was given single intraperitoneal dose of 150 mg/kg cyclophosphamide at day 8 of experiment. Group C rats were pretreated with methanolic basil (Ocimum basilicum) seeds extract for 7 days followed by single intraperitoneal dose of 150 mg/kg cyclophosphamide at day 8 of experiment. All the rats were dissected 48 hours after the last dose. Results: Graafian follicles were atrophied showing atretic granulosa cells in group B when compared with control group A with p value <0.001. However, significant improvement in status of Graafian follicles was observed in group C, when compared with group B with p value <0.025. Conclusion: This study depicts that basil seeds extract can prevent the cellular toxicity in Graafian follicles caused by cyclophosphamide treatment. So the use of basil seeds during chemotherapy can significantly limit its toxic effects on Graafian follicles.

scholarly journals HYPERPLASTIC THYROID G1AND

2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (04) ◽  
pp. 564-573
Author(s):  
ANWAAR HUSSAIN ◽  
SAIF-U- DIN ◽  
KHALID MEHMOOD AKHTAR ◽  
Nabeela Kaukab
Keyword(s):  
Histological Study ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Medical Institute ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Follicular Cells ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Thiourea Group ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Aim and Objective: The study was conducted to see the vascular and follicular changes induced by dexamethasone (syntheticcorticosteroid) during involution of hyperplastic thyroid gland in albino rats. Study Design: A comparative histological study done in PostGraduate Medical Institute Lahore in 1998 Procedure: 54 adult rats were taken and divided at random into two control groups having 27 ratsand experimental groups containing 27 rats. Control group was given normal diet along with 2 microgram of Potassium iodide intraperitonealyfor 21 days while experimental groups further subdivided into group A having 3 rats and group B and C containing 12 rats each. All theexperimental groups were treated with Thiourea for 21 days. Group A was sacrificed on day 22 after withdrawal of thiourea. Group B was givenPotassium iodide intraperitonealy after stoppage of TU on day 21 and were sacrificed on days 22,26,30 and 50 in 4 sub groups (B1-B4) tostudy the involution process. Group C was injected dexamethasone from 22 to 50 days after withdrawal of TU and sacrificed on same daysin 4 subgroups (C1-C4) as sub groups B. Results: The results of experimental group. A showed increase in thyroid and relative tissue weight.Histologically this group exhibited significant increase in stromal congestion with tall follicular cells lining the small sized follicles having scantycolloid. The results of experimental groups B and C demonstrated increase in thyroid and relative tissue weight but microscopically subgroupsB revealed early and complete involution whereas subgroups C showed significantly persistent hyperplastic changes in the form of stromalcongestion, vessels wall remained well defined and tall follicular cells lining small empty follicles. Conclusion: It was concluded thatdexamehasone did retain hyperplastic changes during involution evident by stromal congestion and small sized regular follicle lined by tallfollicular cells, so it should be carefully used in thyroid diseases.

scholarly journals Detection of Active Compounds in the Water Extract of Foeniculum Vulgare L. and Its Effects on Serum Estrogen and Prolactin Levels in Female Albino Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 3366-3371
Author(s):  
Mahmood Dhannoon Ibrahim ◽  
Mohammad Adnan Alblesh ◽  
Rafea Zaidan Al-Sugmiany
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Capillary Tube ◽  
Virgin Female ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Animal House

      The present study was designed to estimate the active ingredients in the aqueous extract of fennel Foeniculum vulgare L. fruits and test the effects of different concentrations of the extract on serum estrogen and prolactin levels in female rats.  The work was conducted to prepare the aqueous extract in the laboratory, while the secondary active substances in the extract were estimated using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) technology. The experiments were conducted in the animal house of the College of Science, Tikrit university,on a total of 12 adult albino virgin female rats divided into four groups, each having three rats.The aqueous extract of the fruit plant was administrated orally to animals at three concentrations (50%, 75%, and 100%) per day for 45 days. The fourth group was the control group that was left without treatment. Blood samples were obtained from the corner of the eye with a capillary tube and the serum was extracted  to determine the hormone levels. The results showed that the aqueous extract of fennel fruits contains eleven active secondary metabolites,  namely Eucalyptol, Terpinene, Anisole, Camphor, Anethole, Anisaldehyde, Apiole, a-pinene, Estragole, Fenchone, and Limonene, which seemed to played a role in regulating the levels of prolactin and estrogen hormones in rats treated with the extract. The results showed a direct relationship between the concentration of the fruit extract given to the animals and their serum levels of estrogen and prolactin. Increases in the levels of estrogen (44.56 ± 0.90 ng/ml) and prolactin (134.66 ± 0.80 ng/ml) were recorded using the concentration of 100% of the watery extract of Foeniculum vulgare L., as compared to the control group (126.33 ± 1.18; 6.37 ± 0.45 ng / ml, respectively). The results demonstrated the effective role of the aqueous extract of fennel fruits in stimulating estrogen and prolactin in female rats through their content of active compounds, which can be of great importance in stimulating the process of milk secretion in animals.

scholarly journals Noise stress on female mice impair oocyte developmental potential.

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (06) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Yousaf ◽  
Hina Kundi ◽  
Abdullah Qamar
Keyword(s):  
Histological Study ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Developmental Potential ◽  
Noise Stress ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Adult Mice ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Animal House

Objectives: To find out the effects of noise stress on variations in number of ovarian follicles in mice. Study Design: Randomized control trial, laboratory based. Place and Duration of Study: Anatomy department, Army Medical College Rawalpindi, it was conducted from April to May 2014. Material and Method: 20 adult mice (BALBc strain) female weighing 25-27 grams were taken for this study on day first of their estrous cycle. Two groups comprising of 10 rats each were made. Control group was given name tag of group A and was kept in animal house under normal heathy environment for one month. Noise stress of 100 decibels for 06 hours per day for one month was given to experimental group B. Mice were dissected after 1 month. Mice right ovaries were examined for size, shape, color and weight. The specimen were processed and embedded. Hematoxyline and Eosin stained slides were prepared for histological study. Follicular count (primary, secondary and tertiary follicles) was done and noted. For statistical analysis SPSS 20 was used. The tests applied was independent sample’s t test for descriptive statistics. Results: There was a significant decrease in primary, secondary/antral and graafian follicular count in the ovary of Group B (Experimental). Conclusion: The noise stress prominently affected the follicular count in ovaries of noise stress treated group.

scholarly journals Short Term Toxicological Evaluation of the Pentaclethra macrophylla (Benth) Essential Oil (Oil Bean Seed) on Organs of Normal Male Albino Rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
A. M. Yusuf-Babatunde ◽  
L. S. Kasim ◽  
O. T. Osuntokun
Keyword(s):  
Normal Diet ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Normal Male ◽  
Bean Seed ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Toxicological Evaluation ◽  
Toxicological Assessment ◽  
Group A ◽  
Animal House

The purpose of this research is to evaluate the short term toxicological assessment of the Pentaclethra macrophylla (Benth) oil (oil bean seed) on organs of normal male albino rats. Fresh pods of Pentaclethra macrophylla (Benth) were collected directly from the plant tree in July 2009 at the site opposite the Bells University of Technology, Ota, Ogun State. Twenty four (24) healthy male albino rats purchased from Animal house of Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Ibadan, and weighing between 92.0 – 105.4 g were used for the experiment. The effect of the oil extract was investigated by oral administration of the oil into different groups of rats using oral cannular (Group A-D). All the administration was carried out as single dose continually for 8 weeks. The toxicity effects of the extracted oil from Pentaclethra macrophylla (Benth) was investigated on five organs of rats (liver, brains, kidney, heart and testis). The animals were divided into four groups (A, B, C, and D) fed with a normal diet and three different levels of concentrations of the oil. With the oral cannular techniques, the first group (A) rats were fed with 0.2 ml/day of oil with a normal diet, second group (B) with 0.4 ml/day with a normal diet, the third group (C) fed with 0.6 ml/day oil with normal diet while fourth group D were treated with normal diet only, serving as the control group for the study. The results of the histological examination indicated that as the concentrations of the oil ingested increases, some of the tissues of the organs were affected. Therefore, the study suggested that Pentaclethra macrophylla (Benth) oil was toxic to the organs of the rats. Therefore, the consumption of the seeds by the human can constitute health hazards and risks.

Hepatoprotective Role of Propolis Extract to Prevent Hepatotoxic Effects of ATT in patients with Tuberculosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 2867-2869
Author(s):  
Asma Arshad ◽  
Saira Munawar ◽  
Rabia Sajjad Toor ◽  
Saba Saleem ◽  
Kanwal Sharif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Dose ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
P Value ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Propolis Extract ◽  
Measured Weight ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

Objective: The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the hepatoprotective effects of propolis in hepatocytes injury caused by ATT due to isoniazid and rifampicin. Methods: Healthy albino rats of with average weight of 200-250g were under this study. These rats dividing into main four groups, A group is taken a control group and then further into the group B, group C, and group D as group for experiments. The control group had 15 rats with measured weight, they were given distilled water. Group B had 15 rats, they were given with standard dose of rifampicin and isoniazid. Group c had 15 rats, they were also given with standard dose of rifampicin and isoniazid. Group D had 15 rats, they were given with standard dose of rifampicin and isoniazid and also extract of the propolis we prepared. Results: Serum ALT in the experimental group B with group C, group D were also found to be of statistically significant with p-value < 0.001. ALT serum level observed high in group B. Multiple comparison between groups revealed that group B with a significantly increase in the serum enzyme AST level in comparison to group A, group C and group D with p-value <0.001. Conclusion: This study showed that ethanolic extract of propolis prevents isoniazid and rifampicin induced hepatotoxicity in the albino rats. Key words; Propolis, Anti-tuberculosis treatment, Hepato-toxicity.

To Study the Deteriorating Effects of Lithium Carbonate on Thyroid Gland - A Study in Albino Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 3292-3293
Author(s):  
Tazeen Kohari ◽  
Zaffar Iqbal Malik ◽  
Aftab Ahmad ◽  
Rana M. Asad Khan
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Lithium Carbonate ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Human Thyroid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background: The human thyroid gland is located in the front of neck. It consists of two lobes. The two lobes are joined with each other by isthmus. The mood stabilizer Lithium Caronate has deleterious effects on the thyroid gland. Aim: To observe and report the data of the harmful effect of Lithium on the weight changes of thyroid gland. Methods: Sixteen rats were selected for this experimental study. The rodents were divided into two groups. Group A comprised of eight animals which were given laboratory diet, Group B contained eight albinos who were given Tablet Lithium Carbonate in powder form at a dose of 60 mg/day for four weeks. After completion of the study time animals were sacrificed and thyroid gland weight were recorded and compared in both groups. Results: The results in both groups were recorded and compared .It was reported that Group B animals had a highly significantly decreased thyroid weight after four weeks Lithium ingestion than Group A control group. Conclusion: The results of our study concluded that Lithium Carbonate damages thyroid glandular tissue and causes its weight to decline. Key words: Thyroid gland, Isthmus, deteriorating

Histological Study On Using Ileal Submucosa In Repairing Urinary Bladder Defect In Adult Albino Rat

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eman Gomaa El Saeed ◽  
Manal H Moussa ◽  
Gehad A Hammouda ◽  
Sahar M. M Omar
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Squamous Metaplasia ◽  
Muscle Layer ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Graft Area

Abstract Background Repairing urinary bladder (UB) defect by enterocystoplasty remains the gold standard surgical bladder reconstruction procedure to increase the capacity and compliance of dysfunctional bladders. However, many complications were recorded. Aim of the work This work aimed to compare the consequences of reconstruction of urinary bladder defect using untreated small intestinal submucosal (SIS) matrix versus seeded and unseeded decellularized SIS matrix. Material and Methods Fifty female albino rats were used in this study. The animals were divided into three groups: Group I (Control) included ten adult rats from which ileal tissue was obtained. Group II included ten adult rats in which their UB defect was repaired by untreated cellular SIS. Group III included twenty adult rats that were subdivided into two subgroups, 10 rats each; Subgroup IIIA where rats had their UB defect repaired by acellular SIS and subgroup IIIb where rats had their UB defect repaired by acellular SIS seeded with adipose mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs).Ten young rats were used for preparation of AMSCs. Morphometric and statistical analysis were also performed. Results In rats where UB defect was repaired by untreated cellular SIS, the graft area showed loss of epithelial polarity, presence of intraepithelial cysts and occasional extension of urothelium to the outer surface forming fistula. There were areas of metaplasia with the appearance PAS positive cells. In the lamina propria, there was areas of lymphocytic infiltration together with significant increase in the collagen fiber deposition (p &lt; 0.05). There was a significant decrease thickness of muscle layer as compared to control (p &lt; 0.05). In rats where UB defect was repaired by acellular SIS, urothelium in the graft area showed occasional squamous metaplasia and often the urothelium extended to the deeper layers forming Brunn's nest. There was minimal muscle regeneration in the graft area. However, in rats where UB defect was repaired by acellular SIS seeded with AMSCs, the urothelium in the graft area was nearly similar to control group with uniform urothelium thickness, minimal collagen fibers deposition and thick muscle layer that showed no significant difference from the control (p &gt; 0.05). Conclusion Acellular SIS seeded with AMSCs showed better results compared to non-seeded and cellular SIS in reconstructing urinary bladder defects.

Protective effect of essential oil from Citrus limon against aspirin-induced toxicity in rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 499-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Bouzenna ◽  
N Samout ◽  
S Dhibi ◽  
S Mbarki ◽  
S Akermi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Citrus Limon ◽  
Β Carotene ◽  
Aspirin Group

The present study is planned to examine the antioxidant activity (AA) and the protective effect of the essential oil of Citrus limon (EOC) against aspirin-induced histopathological changes in the brain, lung, and intestine of female rats. For this purpose, 28 albino rats were classified to control group (group C), aspirin group (group A), EOC group (group EOC), and pretreatment with EOC and treated with aspirin group (group EOC + A). The antioxidant activities of EOC were evaluated by three different assays including reducing power, β-carotene, and scavenging of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Our results found that EOC represents, respectively (0.064 ± 0.013 and 0.027 ± 00 mg Quer E/100 µL), of flavonoid and flavonol. Then, it exhibited a potential activity of reducing power (at 300 mg/mL, which was found to be 0.82 ± 0.07), β-carotene-linoleic acid (AA% = 69.28 ± 3.5%), and scavenging of H2O2 (IC50 = 0.23 ± 0.008 mg/mL). In vivo, aspirin given to rats at the dose of 600 mg/kg body weight induced histomorphological damage in brain, lung, and intestine. However, our data found that the pretreatment with EOC offered a significant protection against the injury induced by aspirin. It can be concluded that the protective effect of EOC can be due to its antioxidant activities.

scholarly journals Effect of acupuncture TENS versus conventional TENS on post cesarean section incision pain

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 3738
Author(s):  
Priti A. Mehendale ◽  
Mayur T. Revadkar
Keyword(s):  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Random Allocation ◽  
Lower Segment Caesarean Section ◽  
Post Operative Pain ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Pain Rating Scale

Background: There is evidence regarding beneficial use of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) on post Lower Segment Caesarean Section (LSCS) incision pain. However, efficacy of different types of TENS following C section pain has not yet been explored adequately.Methods: 96 women who had recently undergone LSCS were included for the study. The subjects were in the age group of 20 to 40 years (25.84±3.96); having pain intensity 4 or more on Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS). They were divided into three groups by random allocation method; namely Group A: Acupuncture (Low/Motor) TENS, Group B: Conventional (High/Sensory) TENS and Group C: Control group. Group A and B received specific type of TENS twice a day for 15 minutes. Control group C did not receive any TENS intervention. All subjects received standard post-operative medications and physiotherapy. Pain intensity was recorded on NPRS pre and post intervention.Results: Both Acupuncture TENS and Conventional TENS significantly decreased post-operative pain intensity as compared to control group (p value <0.0001).Conclusions: Both, acupuncture and conventional TENS are equally effective in reducing post LSCS incision pain at a strong and non-painful intensity.

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