Lexical semantic and derivational features of the names of persons during the coronavirus pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-85
Author(s):  
A. V. Zelenin ◽  
T. N. Butseva
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
Language Game ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Electronic Database ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Empirical Material

This article reviews the new lexical material related to the coronavirus pandemic. The empirical material was collected in the electronic database Integrum. The subject of the collected material are names of persons which were used in electronic mass media (newspapers, magazines, blogs, social networks). The volume of the lexical corpus is about 90 neolexemes. The collected corpus of innovations counts more than 600 words. The aim of the article is to describe the material from lexical and semantic, word-formation points of view, to demonstrate a language game.

scholarly journals From Sididoms to Coronapofigists (Names of Persons During the Coronavirus Pandemic)

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (6) ◽  
pp. 97-106
Author(s):  
A. V. Zelenin ◽  
T. N. Butseva
Keyword(s):  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Electronic Database ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
Empirical Material

This article reviews the new lexical material related to the coronavirus pandemic. The empirical material was collected in the electronic database Integrum. The subject of the collected material are names of persons which were used in electronic mass media (newspapers, magazines, blogs, social networks). The volume of the lexical corpus counts about 90 neolexemes, which makes up a significant part of the collected corpus of lexical, word-formation, semantic innovations in the Russian language. Presumably, their number may be more than 600. The following thematic groups are revealed: 1) coronavirus patients; 2) law-abiding citizens complied with quarantine requirements; 3) quarantine violators; 4) alarmists; 5) victims of the pandemic; 6) volunteers; 7) medical personnel; 8) legal Offenders; 9) children born between December 2020 and March 2021. In the analyzed material, there is graphical and orthographic variability, reflecting the spoken language in written texts; the grade of unification is rather low. The Innovations are: 1) direct borrowings (their number is not too big); 2) calques; 3) actualized lexemes (under the influence of Anglo-American words); 4) words appeared in the Russian language but inspired by the pandemic theme and the extraordinary situation of severe quarantine. Most of the lexical innovations are author’s individual words; the share of words belonging to conventional lexemes is about 20–30 ones. The research methods are derived from the research questions, i.e. systemic, classification, deductive, inductive ones.

scholarly journals Onyms as a Resource of Neologization in FB-Comments

2019 ◽  
pp. 122-145
Author(s):  
Tetyana Andreyeva
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Mass Communication ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Language Game ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Conversational Speech ◽  
Internet Communication ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Communication Processes ◽  
Exclamation Mark

The article discusses word-formation processes taking place in Internet communication (particularly, in Facebook comments), where onym denoting a public person is used in diverse modifications. It is alleged that Internet usage transformed people into participants of communication processes that have neither time nor spatial restrictions. The ability to use information technologies became not only the key of physical existence but also the assuarance of spiritual life for most people, as the World Wide Web is the main interactive environment where active mass communication takes place. The fact of conversion of social networks to sources of information is substantiated. It is determined that the language of Internet communication has a specific ability to adapt means of conversational speech to writing style specific to network communication. Communication in social networks, where there is an opportunity to speak practically uncensored, is characterized by looseness. Hence, limitless possibilities open up before its participants for the embodiment of their informative and expressional intensions. It is stated that Internet commenting allows its participants to demonstrate creative component of their personalities, represent their civil position, life views, evaluate any event etc. It is established that modern Ukrainian information space is characterized with a large number of onyms denoting public persons that are used as derivational materials in the processes of creating neologisms. To a large extent, this was facilitated by pre-election political technological moves, which consisted of creating a logo from the first syllable of the candidate's surname together with an exclamation mark – "Ze!" (Zelenskiy). The types of modifications of last name are found (reduction into one syllable, up to two syllables, cutting to the non-suffixed part), derivational methods and word making models are identified (morphological, semantic, analytical derivation). The processes associated with derivational acts have been clarified. The use of a language game involving multiple variations of the surname is stated. The range of perspectives of language of Internet communication research is outlined, which is constantly gaining momentum.

scholarly journals New Verbal Lexemes of the Word-Formative Family with a Base “Corona” in the German Vocabulary of the Pandemic Period: Structural and Semantic Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 238-248
Author(s):  
Ludmila А. Yushkova
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Semantic Relations ◽  
The Internet ◽  
German Language ◽  
Search System ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Google Search

The article considers the structural and semantic peculiarities of German colloquial verbs, which belong to the word formation family with the base “Corona”. The article analyzes the lexemes formed during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic from October 2019 to May 2021. In the course of the study new verbs not listed in the lexicographical sources have been found. The majority of these verbal lexemes are occasional: they are identified by small frequencies and only function within the framework of certain types of text in the Internet discourse (blogs, Twitter, social networks). The author specifies the meaning of some verbs entered in the lexicographical base of the Leibniz-Institute for German Language (OWID.de). The author describes both the formal and the lexical-semantic structures of verbal lexemes, considers their word-forming and lexical-semantic relations that combine the motivating noun “corona” and derived words. The study characterizes the models of building the colloquial verbal lexemes, which are currently productive and highly active in the context of the German “coronavirus discourse”. The study proves that the German vocabulary expanded at the time of Covid-19 pandemic through the suffixal word-forming models and the formation of verbs with prepositional and adverbial particles. The study shows that the models of the formation of verbal units with prepositional and adverbial components are particularly active, while the prefixal models are not active in the formation of verbs with the component “Corona”. The author analyzes examples of the use of the lexemes in context, which are presented in the text corpus of the Google search system, determines the frequency of the verbal units. The article clearly shows the differences in the meaning and functioning of verbal lexemes. The article notes some peculiarities of their lexical compatibility.

Digital Communication and Translation Problems (Based on Bulgarian and Russian Network Texts)

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-240
Author(s):  
Liudmila Karpenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Digital Communication ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Contextual Analysis ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Network Systems ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Slavic Languages ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Translation Errors

The problem of equivalence of digital translation in the global Internet network is considered. The subject of the study is the errors of digital translation in texts posted on the Internet in the Facebook network. The method of comparative semantic-contextual analysis is used. As a result of the study of texts translated from Bulgarian into Russian, it was found that communication failures are observed at all language levels: lexical-semantic, word-formation, grammatical and at the level of value-modal assessment of the situation. Translation errors reveal the use of English as an intermediary language in the translation of Slavic texts in network systems. It is concluded that the improvement of digital translation models requires more attention to the lexical-semantic, word-formation and grammatical specifics of the Slavic languages, to their realities and language pictures of the world.

scholarly journals Word formation as a source of synonymy in the Crimean Tatar language

Litera ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 46-52
Author(s):  
Susanna Marlenovna Abliametova ◽  
Zera Mambetovna Sattarova
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Examination ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Literary Language ◽  
Semantic Composition ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Crimean Tatar

The subject of this research is the problem of word formation in the Crimean Tatar language. The object of this research is the synonyms in the Crimean Tatar language. Synonyms contribute to clarity of expression of one or another meaning, enrich the literary language and enhance its expressiveness. The goal of this work consists in examination of word formation capabilities in the Crimean Tatar language as a source of synonymy. An important question for understanding the nature of synonymy in lexical-semantic composition of the modern Crimean Tatar language is the questions on the factors of the emergence of synonyms. In the Crimean Tatar linguistics, this question requires a detailed examination. The novelty of this research lies in the analysis of word formation as a source of synonymy. A conclusion is formulated that the lexicon of Crimean Tatar language is being enrich mostly due to the word formation. The rich word formation capabilities of the language allow creating a wide variety of derivatives based on the existing patterns. The skill of using the word formation capabilities of the language significantly enriches the speech, allows to create lexical and semantic neologisms, expands synonymy of the language. Word formation is one of the source of synonymy.

scholarly journals О «Ковидно-Коронавирусных» Процессах В Русском Языке 2020 Года

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Е. С. Громенко ◽  
А. С. Павлова ◽  
М. Н. Приёмышева
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Vast Number ◽  
New Words ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
The Russian Language

В статье освещаются процессы в лексико-семантической системе русского языка, происходящие в период начала пандемии коронавирусной инфекции COVID-19 в 2020 году. Цель статьи – дать общую характеристику и первую оценку явлений и процессов, протекающих в период активного пополнения словарного состава новыми узуальными и окказиональными единицами.В русском языке в марте–июне 2020 г. происходят очень интенсивные изменения: язык попол-нился огромным количеством новых слов и понятий, ряд слов и словосочетаний получили новые значения, некоторые из них расширили сферу функционирования – перешли из специальной ме-дицинской, социальной сферы в общее употребление. Русский язык оказался включен в процесс интенсивной языковой игры и языкового творчества. Ключевыми словами эпохи стали слова ковид, коронавирус и корона, так как они оказались не только словами-символами этого исторического периода, но и продуктивными основами для огромного количества узуальных и окказиональных новообразований.Материалами статьи стала новая лексика СМИ и интернета, собранная авторами статьи – сотруд-никами группы академических «Словарей новых слов» – и сверенная с данными крупного медий-ного банка «Интегрум», включающего материалы более 30 000 наименований изданий массмедиа, записи теле- и радиопрограмм.В процессе исследования был рассмотрен ряд новых слов и сочетаний, вошедших в русский язык в период распространения коронавирусной инфекции, случаи формирования новой полисемии у слов ковид, ковидный, корона и прилагательных, от них образованных, кратко проанализированы сложные слова с основами ковид- и корона-, в том числе новации, образованные путем контамина-ции, рассмотрены очевидные случаи системной связи между новыми словами (синонимия, антони-мия, омонимия).Помимо широкого обзора нового языкового материала, попыток его анализа и некоторых науч-ных обобщений, одним из важных выводов статьи является системный характер целого ряда лекси-ческих изменений, ставших результатом интенсивного и стихийного процесса в русском словообра-зовании и лексико-семантической системе.The paper deals with the lexical-semantic processes the Russian language has experienced during the first half of the year 2020 throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of the paper is to give a general characterization and evaluation of the phenomena and processes occurring at the period of time during which the language vocabulary gets rapidly enriched with both usual neologisms and occasionalisms.From March to June 2020, the Russian language has been subject to intense changes: a vast number of new words and notions have entered the language, a certain number of lexical units and collocations have acquired new meanings, and some of them have widened the scope of functioning: e.g. a transition of units that formerly used to belong to medical terminology or to the sphere of social life into the words of common use can be observed. The Russian language has joined the process of continuous language game and linguistic creativity. COVID, coronavirus, and corona have become the keywords of the current era as they have not only turned out to be the symbols of a certain historical period but also have served as productive stems for the formation of an enormous number of regular and occasional lexical innovations.The data presented in the paper are based on the lexical innovations published in the mass media and the Internet sources. The new lexical units were collected by the authors, who are members of the group of academic “Dictionaries of neologisms”, and collated with the large-scale mass media database “ Integrum ”, which comprises the data bank of over 30,000 mass media editions as well as records of television and radio programs.In the course of research, the following matters are examined: a number of new words and collocations which entered the language during the COVID-19 spread, the cases of forming new polysemy that the words covid, corona, and the adjectives derived from them have developed, a brief analysis of compounds with the first-component stems covid- and corona- (including the innovations that are formed by means of blending), and the investigation of obvious cases that manifest regular lexical relations (synonymy, antonymy, and homonymy) among the above-mentioned neologisms.In addition to the broad review of the neological language data, its analysis, and some scientific generalizations, one of the most important conclusions the paper arrives at is the regular character of a variety of lexical changes which have been caused by an intense and spontaneous process observed in the Russian word formation and lexical-semantic system.

scholarly journals The expressive function of colloquialisms in professional discourse: The linguopragmatic aspect

2021 ◽  
Vol 284 ◽  
pp. 08012
Author(s):  
Elena N. Malyuga ◽  
Valentina E. Yermishina
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
English Language ◽  
Semantic Field ◽  
Professional Discourse ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Expressive Function ◽  
Parallel Structures ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Media Texts ◽  
Bold Type

In this study the expressive function of colloquialisms is examined through the lens of linguopragmatics using the material from professional discourse, which is marked by a strict structure of expressing ideas. The study identifies expressive means of influencing the recipient and traces general trends of using colloquialisms in the English-language mass media texts as well as transcripts of business talks held between some major companies. The paper elucidates the concept of linguopragmatics and defines the subject of studies within this discipline, as well as addresses notions of colloquialisms and their expressive function. We have found that colloquialisms are increasingly used in professional discourse. The study provides an overview of the concept of lexical-semantic field, as colloquialisms are mostly actualised at the lexical level. The authors investigate the lexical-semantic field “to invest money” comprised of colloquialisms from English-language mass media outlets, along with colloquialisms used in transcripts of large companies. The following expressive means of producing an influence on the recipient have been found in the texts: bold type, capitalisation of each word, italics, numerals, capitalisation of abbreviations (the graphic level); phrasal words, metaphors, allusions, positive particles, abbreviations, epithets, short forms of nouns (the lexical level); declarative sentences, interrogatory sentences, parcellation, antithesis, parallel structures (the syntactic level). The expressive function of colloquialisms is widely reflected in professional discourse. After comparing the use of colloquialisms in mass media texts and talks transcripts we found that the most frequent expressive means are declarative sentences at the syntactical level and metaphors at the lexical level.

scholarly journals STRUCTURAL AND SEMANTIC FEATURES OF THE NEOLEXES ON THE DESIGNATION OF THE CULTURAL AND ARTISTIC SPHERE

2021 ◽  
pp. 149-168
Author(s):  
V. P. Oleksenko
Keyword(s):  
Word Formation ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Semantic Group ◽  
New Words ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Linguistic Research ◽  
Lexical Structure ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Internet Forums

The article clarifies the meaning and features of word-formation development of new words and terms to denote the cultural and artistic field, which appeared in the modern Ukrainian literary language at the beginning of the XXI century and due to linguistic and extralinguistic factors are widely used. The object of research are words and terms of the cultural and artistic sphere, as they are best able to nominate concepts in special vocabulary, to reflect the diversity of the semantic spectrum of the conceptual sphere of «culture and art». The subject of research is lexical-semantic, structural-word-forming and spelling features of words and terms of cultural and artistic sphere in the Ukrainian language. Scientific novelty of the research. The classification of neolexes by semantic criterion is offered. The place of innovations in the lexical structure of the Ukrainian language is determined, the main stages of adaptation and structural and semantic features of words and terms to denote the cultural and artistic branch are characterized; the factors of creation of neolexes and their inclusion in the lexical-semantic system of the Ukrainian language, which supplement the corresponding lexical-semantic group with new tokens, are clarified; factors of word-forming activity of neolexes are revealed; It is proved that one of the reasons for the problem of qualification and spelling of neolexes with creative bases-Englishisms is the lack of mastery of innovations by the grammatical system of the Ukrainian language. The existing achievements of linguists in the field of studying innovative derivatives are analyzed, it is stated that the issue of the dynamics of the language system is always at the center of current linguistic research. Innovative words and terms of the cultural and artistic sphere of the beginning of the XXI century in the language of mass media, Internet forums and in dictionaries of neologisms of the modern Ukrainian language are revealed, globalization tendencies in their use are testified. The main thematic groups of neolexes for the designation of the cultural and artistic sphere are singled out, structural and semantic innovations and productivity of their use are determined. It is proved that one of the reasons for the problem of qualification and spelling of neolexes with creative bases-Englishisms is the lack of mastery of innovations by the grammatical system of the Ukrainian language.

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