scholarly journals Ruminal acidosis in local bucks fed on al-zahdydates

2006 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-45
Author(s):  
Laiby A. K.
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Dark Green ◽  
Loss Of Appetite

Ruminal acidosis was induced experimentally in local bucks fed onAL-zahdy dates at 20 and 40 g/kg B.W. daily. Two groups of five animalseach beside another group of five animals as a control reseved 20g/kg B.W.of concentrates beside green roughage. One animal from each group wassurgically provided with ruminal fistula. The experiments lasted for fourweeks during which the animals examined clinically daily, and ruminal fluidand blood samples were collected weekly.The results showed that theanimals in the two experimental groups show significant rise in the means ofrespiratory and pulse rates,but not in body temperature.The ruminalcontractions ranged between weak and reduced in the 1st experiment totemporary loss of contractions in the 2nd experiment. All experimental goatsmanifested weakness, depression, loss of appetite, however, temporaryrecumbency was noticed in the goats of the 2nd experiment. The color of theruminal fluid was light to dark green in the control group while theexperimental groups showed light to dark brown color .The pH reached it'slowest levels, and the number and activity of the microflor altered afteramount of feeding on dates in the experimental groups to become reduced ordead after six and five hours respectively. The positive to negative bacterialratio changed in the experimental groups. The level of volatile fatty acids,lactic acid concentrations and ammonia nitrogen in the rumen increased.Also the experimental animals showed biochemical changes in all bloodparameters. Feeding of bucks on 20 g/kg B.W.of Al-Zahdy dates dailycaused a simple form of ruminal acidosis, while 40 g/kg B.W.of dates dailycaused the subacute form of acidosis.

scholarly journals Effect of fosfomycin,Cynara scolymusextract, deoxynivalenol and their combinations on intestinal health of weaned piglets

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guadalupe Martínez ◽  
Susana N. Diéguez ◽  
María B. Fernández Paggi ◽  
María B. Riccio ◽  
Denisa S. Pérez Gaudio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Goblet Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intestinal Health ◽  
Balanced Diet ◽  
Intestinal Mucus ◽  
Enhanced Production

AbstractIntestinal health of weaning piglets was studied after oral treatments with fosfomycin (FOS),Cynara scolymusextract (CSE), deoxynivalenol (DON) and their combinations. Piglets were divided in groups and received different treatments during 15 days, namely DON (1mg/kg of feed), FOS administered into the drinking water (30 mg/kg b.w.), CSE (300 g/ton of feed) and all possible combinations including a control group that received clean balanced diet. At day 15, three piglets from each group were euthanized and gastrointestinal tract samples were immediately taken to evaluate pH, bacteriology (enterobacteria and lactic acid bacteria), volatile fatty acids concentration (VFAs), disaccharidases activity (lactase, sucrase and maltase), histology (intestinal absorptive area [IAA] and goblet cells count) and adherence of bacteria to intestinal mucus. Animals receiving FOS and CSE treatments exhibited evident beneficial intestinal effects compared to animals receiving diets free from these compounds. This was revealed by a lower enterobacteria population together with a lower E/L, an enhanced production of butyric acid, an increased enzymatic activity (particularly maltase), and a greater IAA and goblet cells count along with an increase in pathogenic bacteria adherence to intestinal mucus. Interactions between both treatments resulted in similar beneficial effects as their individual administration. On the contrary, DON produced detrimental effects on intestinal health as a decrease was observed on volatile fatty acids production, enzymatic activity and goblet cells count in animals receiving diets containing sub- toxic concentrations of this mycotoxin. The knowledge of the intestinal effects of these compounds contributes to understand the physiological and pathological gut changes and their potential productive consequences.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF DIETARY SODIUM MONENSIN ON THE METABOLIC AND HORMONAL PROFILES OF DAIRY GOATS DURING THE PERIPARTUM PERIOD

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cleyber José Trindade de Fátima ◽  
Carla Lopes de Mendonça ◽  
Adony Querubino de Andrade Neto ◽  
Adalberto Freire do Nascimento Júnior ◽  
Sergio Peres Ramos da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Chloride Content ◽  
Dietary Sodium ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Hormonal Profiles ◽  
Peripartum Period

Abstract This study aimed to investigate the energetic and hormonal profiles of dairy goats fed diets supplemented with monensin during the peripartum period. Eleven pregnant Saanen goats were subdivided into two random groups, a control group (GC) and the monensin group (MG). The MG group received 40 mg sodium monensin per animal per day for 15 days before partum and throughout the subsequent experimental period. Clinical observations and sample collection were performed at 30, 15, and 7 days before birth; on the day of partum; and at 5, 15, and 30 days after birth. The following biochemical and hormonal profile variables analyzed were: cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, fructosamine, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) and β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), cortisol, and insulin. The ruminal fluid pH, chloride content, and volatile fatty acids were also measured. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using repeated measures ANOVA (p < 0.05) and Pearson's correlation. At partum, the MG group had lower values of NEFAs and lower acetate/propionate ratio. MG had higher triglycerides during the entire experiment period. The administration of monensin generated benefits in terms of energy parameters, improving the metabolic status of the dairy goats during peripartum.

The effect of lipid sources on intake, rumen fermentation parameters and microbial protein synthesis in Nellore steers supplemented with glycerol

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
pp. 1871 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arturo Samuel Gomez Insuasti ◽  
Yury Tatiana Granja Salcedo ◽  
Pablo de Souza Castagnino ◽  
Bruno Ramalho Vieira ◽  
Euclides Braga Malheiros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Microbial Protein ◽  
Molar Proportion ◽  
Fermentation Parameters

The effects of glycerol with fat sources as a feed alternative were investigated in the ration for Nellore steers (Bos indicus). Eight cannulated steers at 30 months of age with initial bodyweight of 554 ± 36.0 kg were used in a double 4 by 4 Latin square design with four consecutive 16-day periods. Treatments were three different diets with lipid sources (soybean, soybean oil and calcium salts of fatty acids) and one diet control without lipid sources. All diets formulated contained 10% crude glycerol and 5% ether extract with a forage:concentrate ratio of 35:65; corn silage was used as forage. The ruminal liquid was sampled for 24 h and ruminal fermentations were monitored by measuring pH, concentrations of ammonia nitrogenand volatile fatty acids in rumen fluid. Urine samples were obtained from the total collection for 24 h for estimation of rumen microbial protein supply using urinary purine derivatives. Our results showed that the use of lipid sources combined with glycerol did not induce significant changes in rumen pH, acetate molar proportion, ruminal microbial protein or dry matter intake. Although the acetate molar proportion was kept constant within normal parameters, the propionate molar proportion was increased by the diet containing lipid sources. Moreover, we found that there was a negative effect of lipid sources on crude protein and neutral detergent fibre corrected for ash and protein intake, and one positive effect on ether extract intake. We believe that association between fat and glycerol may affect rumen fermentation parameters through reducing fibre intake and increasing propionate production and ammonia nitrogen.

scholarly journals Multiple-factor associative effects of peanut shell combined with alfalfa and concentrate determined by in vitro gas production method

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 352-360
Author(s):  
Jiu Yuan ◽  
Xinjie Wan
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Peanut Shell ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
In Vitro Gas Production

The associative effects (AE) between concentrate (C), peanut shell (P) and alfalfa (A) were investigated by means of an automated gas production (GP) system. The C, P and A were incubated alone or as 40 : 60 : 0, 40 : 45 : 15, 40 : 30 : 30, 40 : 15 : 45, 40 : 0 : 60 and 30 : 70 : 0, 30 : 55 : 15, 30 : 40 : 30, 30 : 25 : 45, 30 : 10 : 60, 30 : 0 : 70 mixtures where the C : roughage (R) ratios were 40 : 60 and 30 : 70. Samples (0.2000 ± 0.0010 g) of single feeds or mixtures were incubated for 96 h in individual bottles (100 ml) with 30 ml of buffered rumen fluid. GP parameters were analysed using a single exponential equation. After incubation, the residues were used to determine pH, dry matter digestibility (DMD), organic matter digestibility (OMD), volatile fatty acids (VFA) and ammonia nitrogen (NH<sub>3</sub>-N) of the incubation fluid, and their single factor AE indices (SFAEI) and multiple-factors AE indices (MFAEI) were determined. The results showed that group of 30 peanut shell had higher SFAEI of GP<sub>48 h</sub>, DMD, OMD and total volatile fatty acids (p &lt; 0.05) and MFAEI (p &lt; 0.05) than groups 60, 45 and 0 when C : R was 40 : 60. The group of 10 peanut shell showed higher SFAEI of GP<sub>48 h</sub>, DMD and OMD (p &lt; 0.05) than groups 70, 55 and 40 and MFAEI (p &lt; 0.01) when C : R was 30 : 70. It is concluded that optimal SFAEI and MFAEI were obtained when the C : P : A ratios were 40 : 30 : 30 and 30 : 10 : 60.

scholarly journals Effects of a bacterial probiotic on ruminal pH and volatile fatty acids during subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) in cattle

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (10) ◽  
pp. 1595-1600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroko GOTO ◽  
Abdul Qadir QADIS ◽  
Yo-Han KIM ◽  
Kentaro IKUTA ◽  
Toshihiro ICHIJO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Subacute Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Ruminal Ph ◽  
Ruminal Acidosis

Digestion by ruminant lambs of a diet containing formaldehyde-treated casein

1971 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 461 ◽  
Author(s):  
GJ Faichney ◽  
RH Weston
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Amino Nitrogen ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Casein Diet ◽  
Plasma Urea ◽  
Urea Level

Digestion of a diet containing 10% casein, either untreated or treated with formaldehyde, was studied in crossbred wether lambs. The treatment prevented breakdown of the casein in rumen liquor in vitro. There was a highly significant decrease in organic matter digestion in the rumen when the treated casein diet was given to the lambs. This was accounted for by increases in the amounts of protein and starch passing to the intestines. There was a 60 % increase in the amount of non-ammonia nitrogen and a 55 % increase in the amount of starch digested in the intestines. The concentrations of volatile fatty acids and ammonia in the rumen were significantly lower. There were increases in the plasma levels of insulin and �-amino nitrogen and a decrease in the plasma urea level in response to the treatment.

scholarly journals Production within the rumen and removal from the blood-stream of volatile fatty acids in sheep given a diet deficient in cobalt

1972 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hedeey R. Marston ◽  
Shirley H. Allex ◽  
R. M. SMITH
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Acetate Metabolism ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Progressive Loss ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Loss Of Appetite ◽  
Oral Supplement

1. The production and metabolism of volatile fatty acids were studied in sheep offered a cobalt-deficient diet.2. The molar proportions of acetic (60%), propionic (26%) and butyric (14%) acids in the rumen fluids of sheep given the Co-deficient diet, but whose stores of vitamin B12 were adequate, were similar before and after administration of an oral supplement of Co.3. In pair-fed sheep, one member of which was vitamin B12-deficient and the other (control) treated with vitamin B12 parenterally, the concentrations after feeding of both total and individual volatile fatty acids in the blood tended to be higher in deficient than in control sheep.4. Following injection of the respective salts of individual volatile fatty acids into the blood-stream, formate clearance was apparently not affected, whereas that of acetate was slightly, and that of propionate very significantly, delayed in vitamin B12-deficient sheep compared with pair-fed control animals.5. Acetate metabolism was retarded in the presence of propionate; the effect was greater in deficient than in pair-fed control sheep.6. The hypothesis is advanced that it is the failure to metabolize propionate at the normal rate that leads to the progressive loss of appetite in vitamin B12-deficient sheep.

scholarly journals Study of Scar Content in Cows When Using Carbohydrate-Vitamin-Mineral Concentrate «LS»

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 2241-2243
Author(s):  
Damir D. Hairullin ◽  
Farit F. Zinnatov ◽  
Shamil K. Shakirov ◽  
Sergey Yu. Smolentsev ◽  
Radiy M. Papaev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Nitrogenous Compounds ◽  
Protein Supplements ◽  
Number Of Microorganisms ◽  
The Cost

Scientific studies of feeding dairy cattle prove that it is most rational to balance rations according to standardized nutrition indicators due to concentrates, which contain all the necessary nutrients in the main diet, consisting of bulky feed (succulent and rough). The advantage of using protein supplements in the feeding of farm animals is that there is no need for oncoming transport of grain fodder and animal feed, which significantly reduces the cost of livestock production.  The digestive apparatus of ruminants, due to the presence of pre-stomachs, is adapted to the absorption and digestion of a large number of coarse plant foods. The main feature of the processes of digestion of ruminants is that the food eaten by animals is exposed to microorganisms in the rumen. Ammonium and other nitrogenous compounds are an accessible form of nitrogen for organisms from which a microbial protein is synthesized in a rumen. This protein and unsplit protein feed are sources of coverage of the amino acid needs of the animal. In this regard, the aim of this work was to study the metabolic processes in the rumen of ruminants. To study the effect of the carbohydrate-vitamin-mineral concentrate «LS», 2 groups of animals were formed with 8 animals each. The contents were investigated: pH, the total concentration of volatile fatty acids (VFA) - butyric, propionic and acetic; the total number of microorganisms and number of ciliates. The introduction of the carbohydrate-vitamin-mineral concentrate «LS» in the diets of dairy cows for 30 days contributed to an increase in the name of bacteria by 3.3±3.4% and protozoa by 6.7±4.1%. In the cicatricialcontent of the experimental groups, the number of volatile fatty acids increased by 12.4±2.4% and propionic and butyric acids by 3.4±3.1 and 5.7±2.7% in relation to the control group of cows

OPTIMIZATION OF CICATRICIAL DIGESTION OF COWS WHEN USING THE "FIBRASE"

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolay Buryakov ◽  
Maria Buryakova ◽  
Irina Hardik
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Rumen Content ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Lactating Cows

The species composition and number of microflora, the total amount and diet of volatile fatty acids in the rumen content of experimental animals at the beginning of lactation were studied and the feasibility of using the feed additive "FIBRASE" in feeding lactating cows was determined.

Ketotic cows display a different serum nonesterified fatty acid composition

2020 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Liu ◽  
Taiyu Shen ◽  
Wei Yang ◽  
Hongjiang Yu ◽  
Sansi Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Perinatal Period ◽  
Nonesterified Fatty Acid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Hydroxybutyric Acid ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Healthy Control

AbstractThe experiments reported in this research communication aimed to compare the serum nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) composition in ketotic cows and healthy cows during the perinatal period. NEFAs play significant roles in etiology and pathology of ketosis. We hypothesized that ketotic cows will display a different serum NEFA composition compared to healthy controls, and fatty acid related indicators for ketosis prediction can be screened. Pre-partum healthy cows were recruited, and blood samples were collected on −7, 3, 7, 14 and 21 d postpartum. Cows were further divided into a healthy control group (C group, n = 6) and a ketosis group (K group, n = 6) if blood β-hydroxybutyric acid levels exceeded 1.2 mm during the experiment. NEFA composition was then analyzed by means of Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS). Only C12 : 0% was significantly higher in C group than K group on 7 d pre-partum (P < 0.05), when the cows were not diagnosed with ketosis. Five fatty acids displayed statistical differences in composition between C and K group (P < 0.05), namely C12 : 0, C16 : 0, C17 : 0, C18 : 1n9 and C22 : 1n9. Saturates%, unsaturates%, mono-unsaturates% and saturates/unsaturates were also different between C and K group (P < 0.05). Of note, C18 : 1n9/C12 : 0 and C18 : 1n9/C22 : 1n9 in K group were significantly higher than those in controls on 7 d pre-partum (P < 0.05). It is suggested that the ratios show potential as indicators for prediction of ketosis.

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