scholarly journals Role of Flavonoinds From Nigella sativum seeds in Decreasing the Effect of Hydrogen Peroxide on ECG in Adult Male Rabbits

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-148
Author(s):  
Barra Najim Al-Okaily
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Oral Intubation ◽  
T Wave ◽  
Group Control

This experiment was carried out to evaluate the role of flavonoinds of Nigella sativum seeds to reduce theeffect of hydrogen peroxide on electrocardiography in rabbits. Eighteen adult male rabbits were divided intothree equal groups (6\group) and were treated for six weeks as follows: first group (control), which were givenordinary tap water, second treated group (T1), animals in this group given 0.5%H2O2 in drinking water andthird treated group (T2) was handled as in T1 plus oral intubation of flavonoinds (27.5mg\Kg B.W).Electrocardiography was recordings from rabbits after 3 and 6 weeks of treatment. The results conducted thatH2O2 treated group (T1) showed significant increased in P-R interval, R-voltage and significant decreased in Twavevoltage and heart beats. While treatment of animals with flavonoinds of Nigella sativum seeds causedsignificant decrease in P-R interval and R-voltage with an increase in T-wave voltage and heart beats, direct toward their control levels. It was concluded that the flavonoinds of Nigella sativum can ameliorate the deleteriouseffects of hydrogen peroxide on electrocardiography .More studies are needed to convince these findings.

scholarly journals Role of Alpha Lipoic Acid in Ameliorating the Histological Alterations of Pituitary-Testicular Axis –induced by Hydrogen Peroxide in Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-136
Author(s):  
Mohammad Alwan ◽  
Baraa Al-Okialy
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Lipoic Acid ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Degenerative Changes ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Alpha Lipoic Acid ◽  
Water Group ◽  
Testicular Weight

The present study was aimed to investigate the role of alpha-lipoic acid ( ALA) as an antioxidant against in ameliorating histological disorders of pituitary- testicular axis- induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in adult Wistar rats. Forty adult male rats were randomly divided into four equal groups (10 rats /group) and were handled daily as follows for 56 days: Control group ( C) were intubated distilled water and received ordinary tap water; group T1 were intubated 60mg/kg B.W of ALA and received ordinary tap water; group T2 were administered H2O2 in tap water at a concentration of 0.05%, while group T3 were intubated 60mg/kg B.W of ALA and received ordinary tap water containing 0.05% H2O2. At the end of the experiment, body weights were recorded, then pituitary and testes were excised for histopathological study and testicular weight was recorded too. Rats administered H2O2 showed a significant decrease in testes weight to body weight ratio accompanied with major histopathological changes of the testes in comparison with other groups including; a significant decrease in the diameter of seminiferous tubules, high of germinal epithelial cell and degenerative changes with incomplete spermatogenesis. Besides, a significant decrease in the number of Leydig's cells in comparison with other experimental groups. Furthermore, pituitary gland of group T2 manifested a severe histological alteration in architecture characterized by atrophy with marked necrotic and degenerative changes. Whereas, rats administered ALA (group T3) shows an improvement of histological changes of pituitary and testicular tissues induced by hydrogen peroxide. In conclusion, the results indicated that alpha-lipoic acid mitigated pituitary-testicular dysfunctions induced by H2O2 through its antioxidant effects via scavenging free radicals.

The Potential Role of Human Derived Amniotic Membrane Graft in The Repair of Induced Tendon Tear in Adult Male Albino Rat: Histological Study

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalia Ahmed Yousef Yehia ◽  
Somaya Abd Al Aleem Mohammed ◽  
Gehan Khalaf Megahed ◽  
Nevine Bahaa El din Mohamed Soliman
Keyword(s):  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Amniotic Membrane ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Human Amniotic Membrane ◽  
Tendon Tear ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Tendon Tears ◽  
Group Ii

Abstract Introduction Achilles tendon tears cause severe impairment in patient mobility and productivity, causing significant reduction in the quality of life. Many complications are associated with the tendon healing process such as peritendinous adhesions and excessive fibrotic scars. Unsatisfactory results appeared with the existing medical and surgical treatments to regain full tendon structure and function. Amniotic membrane is avascular, and characterized by low immunogenicity, anti-inflammatory, antiscarring properties. These criteria render it as a natural biological substitute and a novel therapeutic alternative for tendon tears. Aim: The aim of the work was to study the effect of human amniotic membrane graft application on the repair of induced Achilles tendon tear. Material and methods Fresh human amniotic membrane (AM) grafts were prepared from harvested human full-term caesarian sections-delivered placentas. Thirty adult male albino rats were divided into 3 equal groups (n = 10); group I (control group), group II (tendon tear group) and group III (AM treated group). After anesthesia, a full thickness transverse incision was induced in the rat right Achilles tendons of group II and III. Human derived amniotic membrane graft measuring 1 cm2 was applied circumferentially on the tendon tear in group III. Rats were sacrificed after 28 days. Results After the tendon tear, the untreated group (II) showed gradual accumulation of fat cells replacing the collagen bundles in focal areas. Areas of mononuclear cellular infiltration were demonstrated. The AM-treated group showed many thick parallel regularly arranged collagen fibers with a significant increase in the collagen fibers area percentage. It also showed apparent increase in tenoblasts with regular organization and apparent decrease of mononuclear inflammatory cells. Conclusion This study demonstrated the potential therapeutic role of the application of human amniotic membrane grafts in the repair of Achilles tendon tears, suggesting a future alternative therapy for patients suffering from Achilles tendon tears.

Protective role of caffeic acid phenethyl ester and erdosteine on activities of purine-catabolizing enzymes and level of nitric oxide in red blood cells of isoniazid-administered rats*

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 519-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
HR Yilmaz ◽  
E Uz ◽  
O Gökalp ◽  
N Özçelik ◽  
E Çiçek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Caffeic Acid ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group

The aim of this experimental study was to investigate the possible role of nitric oxide (NO) and the activities of adenosine deaminase (ADA) and xanthine oxidase (XO) in the pathogenesis of isoniazid (INH)-induced oxidative damage in red blood cells (RBCs), and also to show the effect of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) and erdosteine, antioxidants, in decreasing this toxicity. A total of 25 adult male rats were divided into four experimental groups as follows: control group ( n = 7), INH-treated group ( n = 6), INH + CAPE–treated group ( n = 6), and INH + erdosteine–treated group ( n = 6). INH, INH-CAPE, and INH-erdosteine–treated groups were treated orally with INH 50 mg/kg daily and with the tap water for 15 days. Control group was given only tap water. CAPE was intraperitoneally injected for 15 days at a dose of 10 μmol/kg. Erdosteine was treated orally for 15 days at a dose of 10 mg/kg/day. The injection of INH led to a significant increase in the activities of ADA, XO, and NO levels in RBCs of rats. Co-treatment with CAPE caused a significant decrease in the activities of ADA and XO and the levels of NO in RBCs. In addition, co-treatment with erdosteine caused a significant decrease in the activities of ADA and XO and the levels of NO in RBCs. The results of this study showed that ADA, XO, and NO may play an important role in the pathogenesis of INH-induced oxidative stress in RBCs. CAPE and erdosteine may have protective potential in this process and they may become a promising drug in the prevention of this undesired side effect of INH.

scholarly journals Biochemical and Haematological Study in Rats Exposed to Cadmium Chloride in Drinking Water

2007 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-29
Author(s):  
Hanaa A. A.
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Cadmium Chloride ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Physiological Effect ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group

The objective of this study was investigate the Physiological effect ofdifferent concentrations of cadmium chloride in drinking water on somebiochemical and haematological parameters of male rats. Animals in thisexperiment were randomly divided into four equal groups and treated for 15weeks as follows : Rats in control group were offered ordinary tap water ,while animal in M1 , M2 , and M3 were received 10 , 20 , 30 ppm Cdcl2 indrinking water, respectively. The activity of Alanine aminotransferase(ALP), Aspartate aminotrasferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) inserum were measured. Further mor, hemoglobin concentration (Hb) andwhite blood cells count (WBCs) were detected. The result revealed thataddition of cadmium chloride in different concentrations in drinking watercaused a significant increase in activity of serum of ALT in treated group(M1 , M2 , M3 ) as compound with control. Within the time the activity ofserum AST was significantly increased in three treated group as comparedwith pretreatment period. On the other hand , significant increase in serumALP concentration were show in both M1 and M3 treated groups at 12th and15th week of the treatment as compared with control group. Significantdecrease in haemoglobin concentration were observed in M1 , M2 , M3 from9th week to the end of experiment comparing to control. While cadmiumchloride treatment caused significant increase in total white blood cells countin treated groups as compared with control group. On Conclusion, it seemslikely that exposure of male rats to cadmium chloride at level above thepermissive one had induced clear biochemical and haematological changes.

scholarly journals Role of alcoholic extract of Roket (Eruca sativa) leaves on male reproduction of experimentally induced-oxidative stressed rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
Baraa Najim AL-Okaily
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Male Reproduction ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Eruca Sativa ◽  
Histological Sections

     This study conducted to find out the protective role of ethanolic extract of Eruca sativa leaves against the deleterious effect of hydrogen peroxide on some aspect of male reproduction in adult rats. Forty adult male rats were randomly assigned into four equal groups as follows: control group received tap water (untreated); group T1 were received tap water containing 0.5% H2O2; group T2 were received tap water containing 0.5% H2O2 plus administration of 300 mg/kg. B.W. ethanolic extract of Eruca sativa leaves and group T3 administration ethanolic extract of Eruca sativa leaves only at the same dose of group T2. All treatments continued for 60 days. At the end of the experiment, samples of tests and epididymis tissues were taken to prepare histological sections for                                                                                                                                                                                                       measurement the diameter of seminiferous tubules, thickness of epithelial cells of seminiferous tubules and histological examination of testes and epididymis. The results in Group T1 showed a significant decrease in the diameter and thickness of epithelial cells of seminiferous tubules, but these parameters clarified a significant increase in T2 and T3 groups as compared with T1 group. Histological sections of testis and epididymis in group T1 revealed incomplete spermatogenesis, cell debris, vacculation of Sertoli cells and view sperms in the lumen of seminiferous tubules and epididymis. Besides, normal obvious histological architecture of seminiferous tubules and epididymis with complete spermatogenesis were shown in sections of testis and epididymis of T2 and T3 groups' as compared to T1. In conclusion, hydrogen peroxide may impair spermatogenesis, furthermore, the results confirm the protective role of E. sativa leaves extract against oxidative stress induced by H2O2 in rats.

scholarly journals Paired city Cryptosporidium serosurvey in the southwest USA

2001 ◽  
Vol 126 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. FROST ◽  
T. MULLER ◽  
G. F. CRAUN ◽  
R. L. CALDERON ◽  
P. A. ROEFER
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
New Mexico ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Las Vegas ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Bottled Water ◽  
Serological Response ◽  
Lake Mead ◽  
Southwest Usa

In 1996, serological responses to two Cryptosporidium antigens were determined for 200 Las Vegas (LV), Nevada, and 200 Albuquerque, New Mexico, blood donors to evaluate associations between endemic infections, water exposures, and other risk factors. LV uses chlorinated filtered drinking water from Lake Mead while Albuquerque uses chlorinated ground water. The intensity of serological response to both markers was higher for older donors (P < 0·05), donors who washed food with bottled water (P < 0·05) and donors from LV (P < 0·05). A decreased serological response was not associated with bottled water consumption, nor was an increased response associated with self-reported cryptosporidiosis-like illness or residence in LV at the time of a cryptosporidiosis outbreak 2 years earlier. Although these findings suggest the serological response may be associated with type of tap water and certain foods, additional research is needed to clarify the role of both food and drinking water in endemic Cryptosporidium infection.

scholarly journals Trust in Drinking Water Quality: Understanding the Role of Risk Perception and Transparency

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2608
Author(s):  
Stijn Brouwer ◽  
Roberta Hofman-Caris ◽  
Nicolien van Aalderen
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Segmentation Approach ◽  
Water Companies ◽  
Tap Water Quality ◽  
Treatment Procedures ◽  
Customer Trust

In the context of an increasing societal demand for transparency in parallel with rapidly increasing numbers and concentrations of substances found in drinking water, this paper investigates how different drinking water customers perceive their tap water quality, and possible risks involved. Empirically, the paper draws on results from a representative survey, a series of interviews and focus groups conducted in the Netherlands, applying both a traditional and modern segmentation approach based on four types of perspectives (“aware and committed”, “down to earth and confident”, “egalitarian and solidary”, and “quality and health concerned”). Although in general it was found that people’s trust in tap water is high, certain groups are more concerned about water quality and health effects than others. It was shown that transparency and the availability of more information about water treatment and quality would contribute to increasing customer trust. It was also observed that, at least in the Netherlands, people have a larger trust in drinking water companies than in other institutions. Therefore, instead of referring to standards made by other institutions, it is recommended that water companies themselves provide information on water quality and emphasize their treatment procedures.

scholarly journals Chronic 5-HT2 receptor blockade unmasks the role of 5-HT1F receptors in the inhibition of rat cardioaccelerator sympathetic outflow

2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 328-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Ángel García-Pedraza ◽  
Oswaldo Hernández-Abreu ◽  
Mónica García ◽  
Asunción Morán ◽  
Carlos M. Villalón
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sympathetic Outflow ◽  
Pharmacological Profile ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Gr 127935 ◽  
Cardiovascular Pathologies

Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) inhibits the rat cardioaccelerator sympathetic outflow by 5-HT1B/1D/5 receptors. Because chronic blockade of sympatho-excitatory 5-HT2 receptors is beneficial in several cardiovascular pathologies, this study investigated whether sarpogrelate (a 5-HT2 receptor antagonist) alters the pharmacological profile of the above sympatho-inhibition. Rats were pretreated for 2 weeks with sarpogrelate in drinking water (30 mg/kg per day; sarpogrelate-treated group) or equivalent volumes of drinking water (control group). Animals were pithed and prepared for spinal stimulation (C7-T1) of the cardioaccelerator sympathetic outflow or for intravenous (i.v.) bolus injections of noradrenaline. Both procedures produced tachycardic responses remaining unaltered after saline. Continuous i.v. infusions of 5-HT induced a cardiac sympatho-inhibition that was mimicked by the 5-HT receptor agonists 5-carboxamidotryptamine (5-CT; 5-HT1/5A), CP 93,129 (5-HT1B), or PNU 142633 (5-HT1D), but not by indorenate (5-HT1A) in both groups; whereas LY344864 (5-HT1F) mimicked 5-HT only in sarpogrelate-treated rats. In sarpogrelate-treated animals, i.v. GR 127935 (310 μg/kg; 5-HT1B/1D/1F receptor antagonist) attenuated 5-CT-induced sympatho-inhibition and abolished LY344864-induced sympatho-inhibition; while GR 127935 plus SB 699551 (1 mg/kg; 5-HT5A receptor antagonist) abolished 5-CT-induced inhibition. These results confirm the cardiac sympatho-inhibitory role of 5-HT1B, 5-HT1D, and 5-HT5A receptors in both groups; nevertheless, sarpogrelate treatment specifically unmasked a cardiac sympatho-inhibition mediated by 5-HT1F receptors.

scholarly journals Role of Alpha Lipoic Acid in Oxidant /Antioxidant Status and Gene Expression of Glutathione Reductase in Hydrogen Peroxide Exposed Rats: (Part -2)

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-57
Author(s):  
Baraa Najim Al-Okialy
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Glutathione Reductase ◽  
Lipoic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Alpha Lipoic Acid ◽  
Water Group

     This study was designated to evaluate the protective role of alpha lipoic acid against oxidative stress resulted by hydrogen peroxide on some oxidants/ antioxidants  parameters and gene expression of glutathione peroxidase in  adult Wistar rats. Forty  adult male rats were randomly divided into four equal groups (10 rats /group) and were handled daily as follows for  56 days : Control group were intubated distal water and received ordinary tap water ; group T1 were intubated  60mg/kg B.W of alpha lipoic acid and received ordinary tap water ; group T2 were received  hydrogen peroxide in tap water at concentration of 0.5% , while group T3  were intubated  60mg/kg B.W of alpha lipoic acid and received ordinary tap water containing 0.5% hydrogen peroxide. Fasting blood samples were collected at 0, 28 and 56 days of experimental periods for measurement of serum peroxynitrite and malondialdehyde concentrations, as well catalase activity. Furthermore, gene expression of glutathione reductase in liver was investigated. Administration of 0.5% hydrogen peroxide in drinking water (group T2) manifested a significant elevation in serum peroxynitrite and malondialdehyde with significant decrease in catalase and Glutathione, concentrations. Also, a significant decrease in gene expression of glutathione reductase was observed as compared to other treated groups. Nevertheless, rats in group T3 shows a significantly improvement in oxidant /antioxidant status with increase in folds changes of gene expression of glutathione reductase as compared to control and T2. In conclusion, supplementation of alpha lipoic acid to rats significantly reduced oxidative stress –induced by hydrogen peroxide and caused improvement of gene expression of glutathione reductase in liver via its antioxidant properties.  

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