scholarly journals Comparative immunologic and physiologic study of Broiler vaccinated with five different Gumboro vaccines

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-169
Author(s):  
Balqees H. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Nonsignificant Increase ◽  
Aspartate Amino Transferase ◽  
And Control ◽  
Gumboro Disease

Two hundred and four Broiler chicks was used, divided into six equal groups, each group was vaccinated with one vaccine as fellows: BUR-706 group1 (G1), IBD-L (G2), TAD (G3), CH/80 (G4), D78 (G5) and Control (G6). ELISA test was used to estimate ND and Gumboro disease antibodies. Aspartate amino transferase (AST), Alanin amino transferase (ALT), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities, total protein and albumin and globuline concentrations in blood serum were estimated. Newcastle disease antibodies titers were high in G1 but low in G5 significantly. Gumboro disease titers were nonsignificant increase(p>0.05) in G1, G2 and G3 but nonsignificant low(p>0.05) in G4 and G5. Normal total protein, albumin and globuline concentrations and nonsignificant increase(p>0.05) in AST was noticed in vaccinated groups. ALT was significantly increased(p<0.05) in G1, G3, G4 while ALP activity was significantly increased.the BUR_706 and IBDL vaccines showed better results than others in broiler chicks,whileTAD and CH/80 vaccines were better D78.

scholarly journals Post-vaccinal reaction for some vaccines used against Newcastle disease in Sulaimaniyah province

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
E.A. Abdul Ahad
Keyword(s):  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Significant Variation ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Bursa Of Fabricius ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
And Control

This study was conducted to investigate the safety of the most commonly used Newcastle disease vaccines in Al-Sulaimaniyah province (LaSota and Clone30). A total of 225 one-day-old broiler chicks of Ross 308 breed were investigated for their maternal-derived antibody (MDA) titers by ELISA test. Subsequently, these chicks were divided randomly into 3 equal groups; ( 2 treatment groups, a T1 group which was vaccinated by LaSota vaccine and T2 group which was vaccinated by the Clone30 vaccine). and control non-vaccinated group. ELISA test was used to investigate the antibody titers against NDV in all groups on day 10 post second vaccination at 34 days of chicks age and tissue biopsies were obtained for histopathological examination from the trachea, spleen, Bursa of Fabricius and thymus to explore the tissue changes that may be induced by the vaccine. Significant variation was observed in the means of antibody titers against NDV between the control and treatment groups, whereas, no significant variation was observed between the treatment groups themselves. The histopathological examination results showed that a reactive lymphocytic response was observed in both treatment groups compared to the control group. In addition, focal epithelial sloughing and mucopurulent exudates were observed in the trachea of T1 group chicks only. The result of this study showed that the NDV vaccine of clone30 is approximate of the same efficiency and more secure than LaSota vaccine.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF VITAMIN E AND COD LIVER OIL SUPPLEMENT WITH BIVALENT OIL BASED VACCINE OF NEWCASTLE DISEASE AND INFECTIOUS BRONCHITIS DISEASE ON IMMUNE RESPONSE OF THE BROILERS.

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
ABDULWAHID & et al.
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Challenge Test ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Cod Liver Oil ◽  
Infectious Bronchitis

This study was aimed to enhance the immune response of the broilers by vitamin E and Cod liver oil supplement with locally inactivated bivalent vaccine of Newcastle disease and Infectious bronchitis viruses. One hundred and twenty broiler chicks Ross 308 were divided to four groups at 30 chicks of each group. The 2nd group was vaccinated with 0.5ml/chick of locally inactivated ND-IB vaccine at 5 days old. The 3rd group was vaccinated with 0.5ml locally ND-IB vaccine and 0.1 ml/chick of VE. The 4th group was vaccinated with 0.5ml of locally ND-IB vaccine and 0.1ml/chick of Cod liver oil, while the first group was left without vaccination as a control group. All groups were vaccinated with attenuated ND-IB at 3 days old and attenuated IBD at 14 days old. The results of ELISA test revealed that the 3rd and 4th groups showed significantly increased (P≤0.05) in Ab titers against ND virus at aged 35 days, also, the 4th group showed significantly (P≤0.05) increased in Ab titers against IB virus at day 35 of age as compared with the other groups. The 4th group showed a significant (P≤0.05) increased in bursal index as compared with the other groups. The results of challenge test revealed that vaccinated groups resist the velogenic ND and IB viruses with relatively high productive range particularly the 4th group as compared with other groups. In conclusion, the VE and Cod liver oil supplement with local bivalent oil based vaccine of ND and IBV may enhance the immune response of the broilers particularly the 4th group which vaccinated with 0.5 ml of local bivalent oil based vaccine of ND-IB vaccine and 0.1 ml Cod liver oil.

scholarly journals Plasma Calcium Levels in Pregnant Asian Women

1976 ◽  
Vol 13 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 339-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Polanska ◽  
R. A. Dale ◽  
M. R. Wills
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Plasma Calcium ◽  
Asian Women ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Calcium Phosphorus ◽  
And Control ◽  
Endogenous Synthesis

Plasma calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, total protein, and albumin were measured during pregnancy in a group of Asian women living in the south of England and in a control group. The Asian women had slightly lower mean plasma calcium concentrations than the control group. Exposure of Asian women to sunshine appeared to be low, and it was inferred that they probably had little endogenous synthesis of cholecalciferol as a result. Both Asian and control subjects ingested similarly low amounts of vitamin D. The Asian women consumed greater amounts of phytate and vegetable fibres than the controls, and it is suggested that these substances may reduce absorption of insoluble lipids (including cholecalciferol) and calcium in a setting where the dietary intake and endogenous synthesis of vitamin D are already borderline for the subjects' requirements.

scholarly journals Toxic Effect of Ladosulfan-Pesticides on Biochemical Indices of Clarias Gariepinus (Burchell 1822) Juveniles

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Commercial Formulation ◽  
Aspartate Amino Transferase ◽  
Biochemical Indices

ladosufan is an insecticide extensively used in agriculture for pest control. The 96h LC50 estimated from probeit analysis was 1.89mg/L. Sub lethal concentrations of 1/10th (0.19 mg/L),1/5th (0.49mg/L) and 1/2th (0.95mg/L) of LC50 were used to determine the effects of the ladosulfan -pesticide on biochemical parameters at day 1, 7, 14 and 21exposure periods. Water quality test was determined on pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, hardness and alkalinity. The results show that biochemical parameters viz; Total Protein, Alkaline Phosphatase ALP, Alanine Transferase ALTAspartate Amino Transferase (AST) concentrations increased significantly (P ≤ 0.05) in time and concentration dependent manner. The biochemical parameters concentration had higher values in treated samples than control. The total protein increased from (8.80±0.002b -9.20±0.103b) at 0.19 mg/L, (9.20±0.102a –9.70±0.103c) at 0.48 mg/L and (9.27±0.152a –9.80±0.103c) at 0.95 mg/L of ladosulfan when compared with the control (7.67±0.931c –9.06±0.763c ); Alkaline Phosphatase increased from (60.00±0.002a -86.00±1.001b) at 0.19 mg/L, (62.00±1.002b –88.00±1.001c) at 0.48 mg/L and (65.00±1.001a –92.00±1.002d) at 0.95 mg/L of endosulfan when compared with the control (40.00±1.002a–53.67±5.511a) ; Alanine Transferase also increased from (30.00±1.002a -40.00±1.001c) at 0.19 mg/L, (35.00±1.002a –54.00±1.001a) at 0.48 mg/L and (38.00±1.002b –89.00±1.001d) at 0.95 mg/L of ladosulfan when compared with the control (22.33±2.083c –27.33±2.882b) ; Aspartate Amino Transferase increased from (64.00±1.002b -87.00±1.001c) at 0.19 mg/L, (66.00±1.002c –88.00±2.001d) at 0.48 mg/L and (68.33±0.582c –90.00±1.001d) at 0.95 mg/L of ladosulfan when compared with the control (63.00±2.002b –68.00±1.001b) ; respectively. The results indicate that commercial formulation of ladosulfan is toxic to C. gariepinus, the insecticide should be prudently used in both terrestrial and aquatic eco-systems to avoid eco-toxicological hazards.

Comparative assessment of biochemical parameters of Hariana, Hardhenu and Sahiwal breeds 

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepak Kumar ◽  
Sandeep Kumar ◽  
Sandeep Gera and Jyoti Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Potassium Chloride ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Sodium Ion ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Aspartate Amino Transferase ◽  
Biochemical Assessment

Present study was conducted on seventy two cattle of three groups’ viz., Hardhenu strain of cross bred cattle, Sahiwal and Hariana breeds comprising twenty four animals of each group/breed. The biochemical assessment was based on assay of sodium, potassium, chloride, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, glucose, calcium, total protein, albumin, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine amino transferase (ALT), aspartate amino transferase (AST), bilirubin (total and direct) and triglycerides parameters. Triglycerides, ALP, creatinine and potassium ion concentration were found to be higher in Hariana while direct bilirubin, ALT and sodium ion concentration were comparatively higher in Hardhenu. However, Albumin, calcium and glucose were observed to be at higher concentration in Sahiwal.

BIOCHEMICAL INDICES OF BLOOD SERUM OF RUBELLA-RESISTANT CARP BREED AT THE END OF THE FEEDING PERIOD

2021 ◽  
pp. 113-119
Author(s):  
D. Mikryakov ◽  
A. Revyakin ◽  
G. Pronina ◽  
A. Sokolova ◽  
A. Petrushin
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Feeding Period ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Mirror Carp ◽  
Chuvash Republic ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Biochemical Indices ◽  
Papanin Institute

Biochemical parameters of blood serum in resistant and susceptible to rubella pathogens groups of carp at the end of the feeding period are studied. The material was taken from 6 individuals of the Angelina scaly rubella-resistant breed kept at the experimental pond base "Sunoga" of the Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters RAS, Yaroslavl oblast. For comparison, we used same-age carps from the fish farm "Kirya", Chuvash Republic, susceptible to rubella pathogens: 8 specimens of scaly and 8 mirror carps. Blood samples were taken from the caudal vein of the fish under study. The tube with blood was left at room temperature. After coagulation, the serum was taken with a fine needle syringe and transferred to an Eppendorf tube. Serum samples were frozen prior to testing. The analyzed individuals of the Angelina rubella-resistant breed differ from the scaly and mirror carp in high levels of total protein, albumins, glucose, urea, alkaline phosphatase, triglycerides, cholesterol and low levels of lipids and alanine aminotransferase. A comparative analysis with previously obtained data after wintering shows differences between the autumn and spring data. In the Angelina breed, the levels of most indicators significantly increase during the fattening period. The content of total protein increases several times, mainly due to globulins, glucose, urea, alkaline phosphatase, triglycerides. Thus, the metabolic processes aimed at the accumulation of proteins, stored lipids and carbohydrates increase in the organism of rubella-resistant carps. This is probably due to some specific characteristics of the Angelina breed, which allows the fish organism to successfully resist an infection with rubella pathogens in spring. The results of this study can be used in breeding for immunity resistance and for assessing the health status of fish in aquaculture.

Methylmercury in Northern Pike (Esox lucius): Distribution, Elimination, and Some Biochemical Characteristics of Contaminated Fish

1972 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 1519-1523 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. L. Lockhart ◽  
J. F. Uthe ◽  
A. R. Kenney ◽  
P. M. Mehrle
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Inorganic Phosphate ◽  
Lake Ontario ◽  
Northern Pike ◽  
Biochemical Characteristics ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Biochemical Profiles ◽  
One Year

Northern pike heavily contaminated with methylmercury were captured from Clay Lake, Ontario, and released in Heming Lake, Manitoba, an area relatively free of mercury. Mercury levels in muscle biopsy samples at the time of transfer and at subsequent recaptures indicated that only 30% was eliminated in one year. Distribution among various body tissues was essentially unchanged, those organs most heavily contaminated being lens, kidney, and liver in decreasing order. Biochemical profiles of blood serum constituents showed several differences between samples from the two lakes, especially in levels of inorganic phosphate, total protein, alkaline phosphatase, and cortisol. Serum values for transplanted fish tended toward those in the clean lake and we have concluded that biochemical profiles were sensitive to the environmental change.

scholarly journals Amelioration of Chemical Induced Hepatic Injury by Vitex agnus castus ExtractAmelioration of Chemical Induced Hepatic Injury by Vitex agnus castus Extract

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-31
Author(s):  
Rotimi Sunday Ajani ◽  
Nyerhovwo Abijah Akpovwovwo ◽  
Theophilus A. Jarikre ◽  
Benjamin O. Emikpe
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Hepatic Injury ◽  
Structural Alterations ◽  
Agnus Castus ◽  
Aspartate Amino Transferase

Objective: The liver is the major organ of detoxification of ingested materials such as food, beverages and drugs, thus it is prone to toxicity with attendant pathologies. We studied the ability of Vitex agnus castus plant extract to ameliorate the biochemical and structural alterations in Wistar rats with carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury. Methods: Forty adult male Wistar rats were allotted into eight equal groups. Group1 was normal control (NC); Group 2 Liver injury without extract (LI). The remaining six groups were paired composite group of varying dosage of the plant extract (200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg). Only one member of each pair had induced liver injury. Consequently, the groups were Low extract without liver injury (LE), Low extract with liver injury (LEL); Medium extract without liver injury(ME)  Medium extract with liver injury (MEL) and High extract without liver injury (HE),High extract with liver injury (HEL).The biochemical parameters evaluated were the liver function test {Total protein plus globulin and albumen fractions; liver enzymes- alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase}. Oxidative stress was evaluated by measuring the activities of antioxidants namely; Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase, Malondialdehyde (MDA) and Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx).Histology of the harvested liver specimens was used to assess the structural alterations. Results: The mean liver weight was highest in the HEL group and significantly different from that of its control (HE) and NC.The mean serum total protein of all the groups were significantly higher than that of the NC.The mean aspartate amino transferase levels of the LEL, ME and MEL groups were significantly lower than that of the control while that of the HEL was significantly higher than those of the LEL and MEL. The results of alanine amino transferase were similar to those of aspartate amino transferase. The alkaline phosphatase levels in all the experimental groups were significantly depressed when compared with the control. Amongst the experimental groups, the serum alkaline phosphatase level was significantly raised than those of the LEL, and MEL groups. The glutathione (GSH) activities of LE, HE and HEL were significantly lower. While the glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity of the control was significantly lower to those of groups LEL, ME, MEL and HEL.Histopathology of the liver showed preservation of the liver architecture with normal hepatocytes in all the groups. Conclusion: The ethanolic extract of Vitex agnus castus was able to reduce the severity of carbon tetrachloride induced liver injury in wistar rats.

scholarly journals A Retrospective Analysis of Chicken Diseases Diagnosed at The BRAC Poultry Disease Diagnostic Centre of Gazipur

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Saleque ◽  
MH Rahman ◽  
MI Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Fowl Cholera ◽  
Poultry Farms ◽  
Poultry Disease ◽  
Commercial Poultry ◽  
And Control ◽  
Diagnostic Centre ◽  
Gumboro Disease

The pattern of occurrence of poultry diseases in commercial poultry farms was studied on post-mortem and other laboratory examinations of 3057 cases either dead or live chickens submitted for diagnosis of diseases at the BRAC Poultry Disease Diagnostic Centre, Gazipur during the two years period from January 2000 to December 2001. Of the 3057 birds obtained, of which diagnosis was confirmed in 79.9% cases and 20.1% remain undiagnosed due to lack of facilities. Highest case of diseases was recorded in breeder (37.2%) followed by broiler (34.9%), and lowest in layer (27.9%) birds. The diagnosed diseases of layers included colibacillosis (7.4%), salmonellosis (25.3%), fowl cholera (7.0%), mycoplasmosis (17.7%), Newcastle disease (8.8%), Gumboro disease (12.4%), coccidiosis (7.2%), GI nematodes (4.6%), GI cestodes (0.6%), egg peritonitis (3.4%), gangrenous dermatitis (0.8%), ascites (0.7%), aspergillosis (2.6%) and omphalitis (1.5%). The broilers (34.9%) and breeders (37.2%) were more or less equally susceptible to various diseases with exception of reproductive diseases. It may be concluded from this study that all age groups and types of chickens are susceptible to various diseases but laying period is most vulnerable, and most mortality of chickens are caused by salmonellosis, colibacillosis, fowl cholera, Gumboro disease, Newcastle disease and mycoplasmosis which demand immediate attention for prevention and control in commercial poultry farms. Key words: Retrospective analysis; diseases; layers; broilers; breeders DOI = 10.3329/bjvm.v1i1.1914 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. ( 2003 ). 1 ( 1 ) : 29 - 31

scholarly journals Aflatoxin in Chicken's Feed and it's Effects on Apoptosis

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-43
Author(s):  
Sahar H. A.Majeed
Keyword(s):  
Total Protein ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Haemagglutination Inhibition ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Bursal Disease ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
High Level ◽  
And Control

One hundred samples of ration, protein, corn, soybean, and wheat were collected from poultry houses in Baghdad and suburbs to examine Aflatoxin occurrence in chicken's diet. ALISA technique was used for this purpose.The results revealed presence of high level of Aflatoxin in ration (P< 0.05) compared with other contents of diet fallowed by soybean (P< 0.05) then corn, wheat, and protein respectively .These contents were mixed and tested by ELISA and presented to the experiment chicks. One hundred and twenty, one day old chicks, were divided to four groups, first group (G1) was fed contaminated Aflatoxin feed and did not vaccinated. The second group (G2) was fed contaminated feed and vaccinated with Newcastle Disease vaccine (NDV) and Infectious Bursal Disease vaccine (IBDV), whereas the third group (G3) was fed uncontaminated feed and vaccinated with NDV and IBDV, and the forth group (G4) -Control group- was fed uncontaminated feed and didn't vaccinated.After four days of the beginning of the experiment, blood, liver, and kidney samples were collected, and this procedure was repeated every four days to estimate total protein, haemagglutination inhibition (HI) test, ELISA test to detect (ND) antibody titer. Results showed decrease in total protein and (ND) antibodies in the groups which were fed contaminated feed.Liver and kidney samples were collected for histopathologic examination which showed vacculation, fatty change and hemorrhage in liver and kidney samples in addition to accumulation of lymphocytes. Condensing of Bauman capsule's tufts in kidney. Increased Kupher's cell in the liver. Apoptosis was noticed significantly in group one and group two, compared with group three and control. It was concluded that Aflatoxin in high concentration in chicken feed and feed contents was present, with negative impact of the toxin on ND vaccination and blood total protein, also affects the histology of liver and kidney.

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