scholarly journals Fiscal Equalisation Among Provinces in the NFC Awards

2010 ◽  
Vol 49 (4II) ◽  
pp. 563-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aisha Ghaus-Pasha ◽  
Hafiz A. Pasha ◽  
Asma Zubair
Keyword(s):  
Public Expenditure ◽  
Public Spending ◽  
Federal System ◽  
Fiscal Capacity ◽  
The Public ◽  
Revenue Sources ◽  
Resource Requirements ◽  
Fiscal Disparities

Fiscal equalisation refers to attempts within a federal system of government to reduce fiscal disparities among jurisdictions, which emerge due to variation in sub-national jurisdictions ability to raise revenues to meet the public expenditure needs of their residents. This is because of an imbalance in the assignment of revenue sources to sub-national levels and their expenditure needs, given the allocation of the inter-governmental fiscal powers and responsibilities. In the Pakistani context, the need for transfers is highlighted by the fact that while provincial governments generate only about 8 percent of total national resources, their share in total public spending is 28 percent. Also the fiscal capacity of the four provinces varies, with the relatively more developed provinces being able to self-generate a higher proportion of their resource requirements. As such, transfers take place, according to the provisions of the National Finance Commission (NFC) awards, with the objective of removing both vertical and horizontal imbalances between own-revenues and expenditure.

scholarly journals Análisis del crecimiento económico y desarrollo humano de las entidades federativas de México en el periodo 2005 – 2010

UVserva ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
León Felipe Beltrán Guerra ◽  
Jorge Luis Arellanez Hernández ◽  
Enrique Romero Pedraza
Keyword(s):  
Public Expenditure ◽  
Public Spending ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
The Public ◽  
Life Conditions ◽  
Calidad De Vida ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Bienestar Psicologico

El gasto público en México se orienta a crear condiciones de desarrollo humano, salud y bienestar social por parte del Estado a través de su estructura federal. Se busca identificar cuál es el comportamiento de los indicadores de crecimiento y desarrollo de las entidades federativas en México en el periodo comprendido de 2005 a 2010. Con el análisis estadístico, se concluye que la relación entre el gasto público, destinado a rubros de salud, educación, desarrollo de infraestructura social, tiene una baja correlación con los índices de desarrollo en el país. Las variaciones no son significativas pero si las diferencias entre entidades federativas. El análisis de los indicadores mencionados, pretende mostrar que el gasto público no impacta claramente en las condiciones de salud, desarrollo y bienestar social de los mexicanos, elevando su calidad de vida.Palabras clave: Gasto público; Indice de Desarrollo Humano; bienestar psicológico; calidad de vida; condiciones de vida AbstractPublic spending in Mexico aims to create conditions of human development, heal­th and social well-being by the State through its federal structure. Our target is to identify what is the behavior of the indicators of grow­th and development in Mexico in the period of 2005-2010. After the statistical analysis, it is concluded that the relationship between pu­blic spending aimed at areas of health, educa­tion, social infrastructure development, has a low correlation with development index in the country. The variations in this index are not significant in the years analysed, but the diffe­rences between states does. The proposal aims at the public spending for being reflected sig­nificantly in the conditions of health, develop­ment and welbeing of Mexican people.Keywords: Public expenditure; Human develo­pment Index; Psychological well-being; Quali­ty of life; Life conditions 

scholarly journals Legislative production and public spending in France

Public Choice ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
François Facchini ◽  
Elena Seghezza
Keyword(s):  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Public Expenditure ◽  
Public Spending ◽  
The Public ◽  
Official Gazette ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Legislative Production ◽  
Laws And Regulations

AbstractThe aim of this article is to help explain the history of the public spending-to-GDP ratio in France by examining the production of laws and regulations. It empirically finds a positive and significant relationship between the number of pages in the Official Gazette of the French Republic and the development of the public expenditure-to-GDP ratio. We rely on the number of pages in the Official Gazette as a proxy for the cost of implementing laws and regulations. If unchecked, a proliferation of laws and regulations expands public spending. Over the period 1905–2015, a 10% increase in pages caused a 1.14% increase in the public expenditure-to-GDP ratio.

scholarly journals Public Expenditures Priorities between Human Development Requirements and Funding Constraints

Webology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 1224-1235
Author(s):  
Dr. Dhiaa Hussein Saud ◽  
Dr. Mazen Dawood Salman ◽  
Dr. Amro Hisham Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Public Expenditure ◽  
Public Spending ◽  
Federal Budget ◽  
Public Expenditures ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
The Public ◽  
Oil Markets ◽  
Public Money

Interest in the issue of public Expenditures (spending) priorities increases in times of financial and economic crisis, when restrictions on government funding grow, and financial markets stumble in providing financing channels with the necessary liquidity, as well as when paying attention to increasing the efficiency and productivity of public spending, by reducing the waste of public money and pursuing its allocation between different economic sectors to achieve the public benefit as much as possible and at the lowest possible cost. Among the discussions being raised in this regard is where the priority lies in spending is on sectors that support human development such as (education, health and public services), or the priority of spending on other sectors (which may hinder human development and delay the development of states and civil societies) such as military sectors, armaments, military industries and related sectors. Because each side has its arguments and evidence of modern economic and human experiences, it is difficult to resolve the controversy in a certain direction and ignore the opinion of the second party, but what concerns us is the situation of our country and our society and the economic and social pressures and renewed threats from time to time, and what is the most objective and credible reading of the authors of the philosophy of the Iraqi economy, and its emerging priorities developed after 2003, through the trends of the federal budget in this country. Given the financial crisis that is ravaging the global economy as a result of the Corona pandemic and the great isolation measures Great Lockdown and the repercussions of this crisis on the Iraqi economy as a result of the collapse of the world oil markets, so discussions are escalating in the field of rationalization and efficiency of government public spending, and because the general budget depends on the general revenues on oil revenues by more than 90% in most years after 2003, so an external shock or collapse in the oil market affects the revenues of the general budget, and therefore there is a situation The uncertainty of budget planners and implementers in collecting the revenues required to cover the public expenditure side, and the most important items of governing public expenditure, namely employee compensation, support for the poor and others.

scholarly journals EFECTOS DEL GASTO PÚBLICO EN EL PIB EN LOS ESTADOS DE MÉXICO, 1999-2014

2018 ◽  
Vol 77 (305) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Miguel Ángel Díaz Carreño ◽  
Pablo Mejía Reyes ◽  
Marlen R. Reyes Hernández ◽  
Ana Desiderio de la Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Quantile Regression ◽  
Public Expenditure ◽  
Public Spending ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
The Public ◽  
Sobre Todo

<p align="center"><strong>RESUMEN</strong></p><div>El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar el efecto del gasto público en el producto interno bruto (PIB) a nivel estatal en México. El periodo de estudio abarca de 1999 a 2014 y empleamos un modelo  de regresión cuantílica para explicar dichos efectos. Encontramos que el gasto público total ha sido relevante en la explicación del crecimiento económico estatal, sobre todo en aquellos estados más grandes del país. En estos casos el coeficiente resultó positivo y significativo. Por otra parte, el gasto público realizado en infraestructura resultó no significativo en la explicación del pib tanto en el caso de los estados grandes como en los pequeños.</div><div> </div><div><p align="center">EFFECTS OF PUBLIC SPENDING ON THE GDP IN THE STATES OF MEXICO, 1999-2014</p><p align="center"> <strong> </strong><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p></div><p>The objective of this paper is to analyze the effects of public expenditure on Gross Domestic Product (GDP) over the period 1999-2014 for the Mexican states. By using a quantile regression, it is found that total public expenditure has been relevant in the explanation of economic growth, mainly in the case of the largest states with positive and significant effects. On the contrary, the public expenditure associated to infrastructure seems to have not contributed to economic growth of the states of any size.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Impacto del gasto público en la calidad del sistema de salud de México

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
María Guadalupe ZÁRATE-MARTÍNEZ ◽  
Paulina AGUILERA-ARREDONDO ◽  
Artemio JIMÉNEZ-RICO
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Public Expenditure ◽  
Quality Care ◽  
Public Spending ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Health Needs ◽  
Human Right ◽  
The Public ◽  
Optimal Health

Health is considered a Human Right that every person should receive for free and in quality, it is important in the fact that it is a basic service for the development of a country. In Mexico, public spending on health is equivalent to 2.5% of GDP, however, the OECD indicates that it is necessary to allocate at least 6% to have an optimal Health System. In the same tenor, Mexico has 2.9 nurses per thousand inhabitants, while Norway has 17.8 nurses per thousand. The objective of this research is to analyze public spending for the health sector to determine its impact on the main indicators that measure the quality of service provided by the Mexican Health System. Some results indicate that Mexico faces complex and challenging health needs and that there are huge discrepancies compared to other countries. This research contributes to providing a broader perspective on the public expenditure allocated to the Health System of Mexico in order to design public policies that allow offering high-quality care focused on people.

scholarly journals The Role of the Clearance Crisis on Public Expenditure and Budget Deficit in Palestine

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-40
Author(s):  
Bahaa Awwad ◽  
Jafar Zidan
Keyword(s):  
Government Spending ◽  
Budget Deficit ◽  
Public Expenditure ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
The Public ◽  
Total Budget ◽  
Revenue Sources ◽  
Ministry Of Finance ◽  
The Impact

This study aims to study and analyze the clearance tax revenues, public expenditure, and the budget deficit between the years (1996-2019) in Palestine, and to discover the impact of the clearance tax crisis on current expenditures, developmental expenditures, and the budget deficit. In order to complete this study and achieve its purpose, the descriptive-analytical method and the quantitative approach were adopted. Financial data was collected from publications of the Palestinian Monetary Authority and the Palestinian Ministry of Finance. The study concluded that the clearance revenue crisis impacted the current expenditures and the total budget deficit or surplus. In addition, the study showed that there was no effect of this crisis on developmental expenditures. The study recommended restructuring economic agreements with Israel, more specifically the Paris Economic Protocol. Furthermore, the reliance on clearance tax in financing operational and development expenditures should be reduced by diversifying public revenue sources through various investment projects, restructuring the tax system in Palestine, developing the tax collection system, and reducing government spending to the maximum in order to reduce the budget deficit and repay the public debt.

Public Expenditure: Policy and Control

1979 ◽  
Vol 90 ◽  
pp. 68-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.W.R. Price
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Public Expenditure ◽  
Government Intervention ◽  
Public Spending ◽  
Financial Control ◽  
State Spending ◽  
The Public ◽  
Economic Background ◽  
And Control

The present government came to office with a commitment to cut state spending while reducing government intervention in the economy and extending the sphere of private choice through tax reductions. This philosophy, while of significance for the longerterm development of the public sector, is actually of limited use in explaining the 1979 public expenditure reductions. These stem from one of the recurrent crises of financial control which have afflicted public spending plans in the last decade and a half. The purpose of this article is to analyse the financial and economic background to the cuts, which, it is argued, would have called for programme adjustments whatever administration had been in office, though the type of reductions made may bear the imprint of different political philosophies.

Gender and Social Policy: the impact of the public expenditure cuts and reactions to them

1983 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Edgell ◽  
Vic Duke
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Public Expenditure ◽  
Policy Research ◽  
Public Spending ◽  
The Public ◽  
Interview Survey ◽  
Per Se ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Welfare State

AbstractIn social policy research the gender dimension has been relatively neglected in Britain. The attempt to selectively reduce public spending is examined with reference to its objective impact on men and women using official statistics and specialist reports. In addition, on the basis of a large-scale interview survey the subjective impact of and political reactions to the cuts are analysed by gender. The main findings are that this current social policy negatively affects women as both public sector workers and consumers more than men. Political reactions to the cuts were extensive but unrelated to gender per se. However, when one controls for economic activity and related variables, gender differences in terms of both political attitudes and behaviour were insignificant compared to the contrast between the economically active and inactive. The main social policy implication is that the restructuring of the welfare state hits women first and foremost.

scholarly journals Public expenditure and growth: the Indian case

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
A. Bhatt Hakhu ◽  
C. Sardoni
Keyword(s):  
Public Debt ◽  
Public Expenditure ◽  
Public Spending ◽  
Debt Ratio ◽  
The Public ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Theoretical Results

The paper deals with the relationship between public spending and growth as well as the dynamics of the ratio of public debt to GDP. The authors show that a composition of public spending that favors productive expenditures, that is, those with a direct positive effect on the economy's long-run rate of growth, can determine a situation in which the ratio of public debt to GDP is stable, even though the government runs primary deficits. We test our theoretical results by considering the Indian case. Our empirical analysis substantially supports the idea that the dynamics of the economy as well as of the public-debt ratio are contingent on having a public sector that favors productive expenditures.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF PUBLIC EXPENDITURE EFFICIENCY: A REVIEW

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (Number 2) ◽  
pp. 27-38
Author(s):  
Wong Sing Yun
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Public Expenditure ◽  
Public Spending ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
The Public ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Budgetary Allocation ◽  
Extended Review ◽  
Key Questions

Public spending is considered an important tool in a government’s continuous efforts to improve the delivery of the public sector and achieve growth objectives. The increasing demand for higher expenditures may create a tax burden and pressurised the budgetary allocation. This leads to the rising concern to evaluate the efficiency and effectiveness of public expenditure. A highly efficient public sector will likely be able to produce more outputs with less spending on inputs. Hence, the primary aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review of the growing literature on public expenditure efficiency. Against this background, an extended review will be discussed on the determinants that influence the efficiency of public spending. As such, the objective of this paper can be summarised to address the following key questions. Firstly, how to measure the efficiency and effectiveness of public expenditure? Secondly, what are the determinants that influence the efficiency of public spending? The answers to these questions will help solve the recent problem of budget constraints faced by policymakers.

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