scholarly journals Policy Options for Financing Urban Transportation in Resource Constrained Environments: The Case of Lahore, Pakistan

2013 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ammar A. Malik
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Regional Economics ◽  
Mass Transit ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Policy Options ◽  
Resource Constrained ◽  
Transport Services

In all prosperous and modern economies, cities are the engines of growth and melting pots of diversely talented individuals. They offer inclusive environments with openness and access to opportunities, enabled by efficient and affordable transport systems leading to economically productive interaction between citizens. On the other hand, many cities in rapidly urbanising developing countries have not been able to develop efficient spatial structures, which results in traffic congestion and poor transport services. Their resource-constrained governments often struggle to fill gaps in transport infrastructure demand, which in the case of megacities requires mass transit projects. In the case of Lahore, Pakistan, however, the Provincial and Federal governments appear deeply committed to undertaking mass transit services despite chronic fiscal and financial constraints. The paper first explores Lahore’s urban form and function from the transportation and land-use perspectives, presenting an in-depth sub-city level analysis of spatial variations in key characteristics. Second, by undertaking a review of transport infrastructure financing literature it evaluates the viability of three main policy options in Lahore, including public private partnerships, municipal finance options and reforming urban land-use zoning. It concludes that governments in such environments could benefit from land-financing by utilising centrally located State-owned lands through market oriented land-use regulation reforms. JEL Classification: R11; R58; Z18; P25 Keywords: Regional Economic Activity, Regional Development Planning and Policy, Public Policy, Urban, Rural, and Regional Economics

scholarly journals Increasing the efficiency of land use in real property complexes development projects

2020 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 09031
Author(s):  
Sergey Nosov ◽  
Boris Bondarev ◽  
Evgeny Venevtsev ◽  
Tatiana Svintsova ◽  
Sergey Eroshkin
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Graphical Analysis ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Real Property ◽  
Main Component

The relationship between the development of the city ’s transport infrastructure and urban land use is a pressing problem in the territory development of any metropolis. Addressing this challenge requires the creation of new tools and mechanisms. Transport infrastructure is the main component of the entire infrastructure of any city, affecting the social, economic and environmental efficiency of urban land use. Therefore, the authors, choosing transport infrastructure as the object of the research, analyze the patterns that arise during its development on the conditions of the entire urban land use. Methods such as calculation-graphical, analysis and synthesis, abstraction method, etc., are used. The authors analyze management methods of urban transport systems as part of real property complexes. The ecological and economic justification of development projects for the real property complex is proposed as a tool for determining perspective directions and mechanisms for increasing the efficiency of land use.

scholarly journals Identificación de conflictos de uso de suelo para la planificación del crecimiento urbano: ciudad Cuauhtémoc, Chihuahua (México)

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 709
Author(s):  
J.D. Maldonado-Marín ◽  
L.C. Alatorre-Cejudo ◽  
E. Sánchez-Flores
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Land Use Conflict ◽  
The Status ◽  
Resolution Model ◽  
Urban Planning And Development ◽  
Land Use Policies

This research incorporates new forms of analysis for urban planning and development in Ciudad Cuauhtémoc, Chihuahua (Mexico), providing elements of reference by identifying areas with potentiality and limitations for urban land use, as well as for agricultural and conservation activities. The general objective was to identify the main conflicts between land uses and coverages to determine the areas of greatest territorial suitability for the city's growth. For this purpose, the Land Use Conflict Identification Strategy (LUCIS) model was used to understand the spatial significance of the status of land use policies, including likely urban patterns associated with agricultural and conservation trends. In the case study, a total of 149,139 inhabitants are estimated for the year 2030, which represents the need for an additional 392.42 hectares to accommodate the population growth. For that of the 16,272.21 hectares that has the population limit, 38 % were allocated to the category of agriculture, 11.95% to conservation soils and 49.67% to urban land (including the existing urban area). There is a significant portion of the area that is in conflict between the different land uses. It concludes, that the integration of a conflict resolution model for land use and land cover represents a practical solution that contributes to the improvement of processes of urban development planning.

scholarly journals Monitoring Spatial-Temporal Transition Dynamics of Transport Infrastructure Space in Urban Growth Phenomena: A Case Study of Lagos—Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suleiman Hassan Otuoze ◽  
Dexter V.L. Hunt ◽  
Ian Jefferson
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Evolutionary Dynamics ◽  
Landsat Imagery ◽  
Ground Truth ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Chain Process ◽  
Spatial Transformation ◽  
Arc Gis ◽  
Spatial Transition

Lagos is one of the fastest growing world mega-cities with a huge urban mobility crisis, the traditional aggregate city’s development model could not provide reliable scientific solutions to monitor the competing demands of various land-use components and the urbanization’s effects on transport infrastructure space. This study uses a disaggregated predictive spatial modeling approach to investigate the evolutionary dynamics of transportation infrastructure space to address the fragmented urban chain process. The methodology involves analysis and modeling of the land-use spatial transition changes that have occurred over the past three decades using three Landsat imagery epochs (1984, 2013, and 2019) in remote sensing ARC-GIS 10.7. Furthermore, the prediction of the two-temporal milestones (2030 and 2050) using hybrid cellular automata-Markov (CA-Markov) implemented in IDIRISI SELVA 17.0 software when the tides of social-demographic factors were expected to bring about significant urban spatial transformation. The forecast results are expected to increase the area for transport infrastructure spaces by 93 km2 (7.3%) in 2030 and 157 km2 (12.4%) in 2050. The model’s kappa reliability coefficient estimates for the three temporal scales (k1984 = 85%; k2013 = 88% and k2019 = 89%) are higher than the 80% minimum adjudged strong agreement between the ground truth and prediction classified images in literature. The model provides efficient tool in urban development planning and sustainable transport decisions.

Urban Land Use for Transport Systems and City Shapes

2003 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Medda ◽  
Peter Nijkamp ◽  
Piet Rietveld
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Transport Systems

scholarly journals USING WEB TECHNOLOGIES TO IMPROVE THE TRANSPORTATION PROCESS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (92) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Oleg Aleksiyev ◽  
Volodymyr Aleksiev ◽  
M. Matsiy
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Virtual Management

Problem. Due to the constant information development of society and its industrial component, new transport systems and machines have reached a high level of information excellence. Accordingly, there is a new contradiction between the rapid development of tools and methods of informatization of complex objects and systems, the development of transport telematics (internal for cars and other vehicles and external internal transport control systems) and the heterogeneous nature of existing subsystems and components of the transport complex. Of Ukraine. The problem of resolving this contradiction will allow at all levels of transport infrastructure to improve services to residents of cities and regions, improve transport processes, avoid existing negative consequences: traffic disruptions, unsatisfactory condition of roads, irrational use of funds for repair, operation and equipment of highways. This will help improve traffic safety, improve the quality of transport services, ensure people’s comfort and save cargo. Goal. The goal of the study is to create software and hardware for virtual management, its intellectualization based on the use of virtual logistics of transportation processes, providing road users, tools of virtual management, a kind of virtual logistics of the transport system of the transport portal KhNADU (ICT KhNADU). The purpose of this article is to study the problem of expressing and proving new rules and concepts for providing knowledge and skills to people who want to work in the IT field of transport applications. The sequence of acquiring knowledge and skills of people who have improved their personal professional level in road transport is determined. Methodology. The idea of computer science as system engineering of successful consecutive creation of computer equipment and software of complex systems by combining their computer and software engineering in the field of motor transport is offered. Practical value. The scope of use of the obtained results is road transport road organizations of Ukraine, residents of cities and regions as individuals or legal entities of users of transport services.

scholarly journals METHODICAL APPROACH TO ENSURING CLUSTER AND LOGISTICS DEVELOPMENT OF THE MARKET OF TRANSPORT SYSTEMS OF UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4(77)) ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
O.V. BOIKO ◽  
V.V. TOMAREVA-PATLAHOVA ◽  
IU. А. BONDAR ◽  
M.S. KARPUNINA
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Multidimensional Analysis ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
Homogeneous Groups ◽  
Transport Services

Topicality. In solving socio-economic problems in recent years, increasing contradictions between market participants at all levels of the national economy; This is especially true when it comes to the justification and practical implementation of possible options based on the analysis and further interpretation of empirical data relating to certain areas of development of territorial production systems or locally established industry markets, including transport services markets (RTP). within certain regions of the country. In this regard, there is a need to form a methodological framework for the possibility of implementing a cluster-logistics approach to the development of RTP. Aim and tasks. The purpose of writing this work is to develop a methodological support for cluster-logistics approach to the development of RTP with the definition of organizational forms of interaction of regional markets in the form of transport and logistics clusters (TLC). Research results. When analyzing and forecasting socio-economic phenomena, the researcher often encounters the multidimensionality of their description. Methods of multidimensional analysis are the most effective quantitative tool for the study of socio-economic processes, described by a large number of characteristics. These include cluster analysis, taxonomy, pattern recognition, factor analysis, and more. Cluster analysis most clearly reflects the features of multidimensional analysis in the classification, and factor analysis in the study of communication. The main purpose of cluster analysis is the breakdown of the set of studied objects and features into homogeneous groups in the appropriate sense of clusters. In cluster analysis, the concept of metrics is introduced to quantify similarity, and the similarity or difference between classified objects is set depending on the metric distance between them.In this paper, a single connection within a group of algorithms using a quadratic Euclidean distance is used. Cluster analysis most clearly reflects the features of multidimensional analysis in the classification. That is why a dimensionless model based on the use of relative coefficients of hierarchical agglomerative type is proposed to analyze the development of RTP and its transport infrastructure. The use of multidimensional classification methods allowed to group districts, in contrast to the traditional geographical or administrative division, by level of socio-economic development, which determines the needs of districts in transport infrastructure and cooperation, which, in particular through TLC, will ensure maximum use of existing economic potential. economy and equalization of living conditions of the population in different territories.Conclusion. Thus, the transport and socio-economic potential of the regions was analyzed, as a result of which two formed TLCs and five nuclei were identified, on the basis of which it is proposed to develop TLCs of appropriate types by joining regions with medium and low transport potential.

scholarly journals Comparison of Urban and Suburban Rail Transport in Germany and in the Czech Republic

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Seidenglanz ◽  
Filip Chvátal ◽  
Katerina Nedvedová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Rail Transport ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Metropolitan Regions ◽  
Transport Services

Abstract Rail transport is an environmentally friendly form of passenger transport which can be utilized effectively also in urban and suburban transport systems. The paper describes the urban and suburban rail transport system including comparison of selected Czech (Prague, Brno and Ostrava) and German metropolitan regions (Munich, Nuremberg and Dresden). Its aim is to analyze the importance of various factors influencing the differences between the situation in Germany and in the Czech Republic. Therefore, the research question is whether these differences are primarily caused by a different liberalization stage, or whether they are a result of other factors such as available infrastructure, investment level, rail transport services budget, structure and activity of ordering bodies and coordinators or geographical context. The supply of city and suburban rail transport is quite good in Germany and in the Czech Republic, although trains in Munich, Nuremberg and Dresden run more frequently, faster and are better interconnected with car transport. German rail transport sector is at a higher stage of liberalization, and tendering procedures are the preferred selection method for contractor carriers. However, a degree of liberalization of the railway sector is not the key marker indicating a better standard of urban and suburban rail transport in Germany because it is the high standard which is achieved as the consequence of the professional activity of the ordering bodies and train service coordinators in combination with geographical conditions, available financial sources and effective transport infrastructure. On the other hand, the importance of liberalization cannot be totally overlooked as tenders are a tool for the ordering bodies to strongly affect the price and quality of transport services in their area. The supply of better quality and attractive transport to passengers could increase the usage of rail transport in metropolitan regions and could have indirect but important socio-economic impacts

Strategies for Sustainable Urban Transport: A Case Study of Cotonou, Benin

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 9-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fousséni Gomina Mama ◽  
Zhong Zhen Yang ◽  
Dan Dong Xia
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Transport System ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Sustainable Transport

The unrestrained growth in urbanization and motorization generally contributes to an urban land use and transport system that is socially, economically, and environmentally unsustainable. Urban mobility systems are much diversified in developing countries taking into account their components in terms of transport modes and the development path linked to the urban growth. This paper uses Cotonou as a case study, which is the largest urban and economic city of Benin. The paper first reviews literatures on sustainable transport systems to comprehend the concept of sustainable development and transport. Based on the municipal development plan (MDP) adopted by the local authorities, the paper then evaluates the existing transport policies, projects and infrastructure system, to determine if the current paradigm is moving toward or away from sustainable transport. Furthermore, the principles for sustainable urban transport are developed to see what significance municipal transport policies have given to urban transport from a sustainable transport point of view. Finally some strategies are suggested, adoption of which may lead to a sustainable urban development and transport system in the city of Cotonou.Key words: Sustainable development; urbanization; Bus Rapid Transit; socio-economic; land use and urban transport system.

scholarly journals PROBLEMS OF THE FORMATION OF THE UNITED EUROPEAN TRANSPORT SPACE

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3(72)) ◽  
pp. 117-123
Author(s):  
A.V. RYBCHUK
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Investment Strategy ◽  
Transport Network ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Online Information ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Transport Services

Topicality. The relevance of the study is based on the fact that the transport sector of the European Union is at a crossroads today, as it requires a policy that meets the needs of the 21st century and which will contribute to the growth of jobs in the EU. It must avoid constraining mobility, while at the same time responding to a range of social and economic problems that arise. Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to develop theoretical, methodological and practical applications, which should justify the optimization of transport services and changes in the design of vehicles and infrastructure of the European Union. In addition, various factors of historical and geographical nature often affect the political merits of States parties. After decades of EU activity, there is currently not a sufficiently compatible and resource saving network of interconnected, trans border transport infrastructure. Reasearch results. The essence of the formation of a united European transport network is the implementation of direct links between the main nodes and the infrastructure that forms the mobility of passengers. Airports, ports, railways, undergrounds and bus stations must increasingly be transformed into multimodal communication platforms for passengers and cargo. Online information, electronic booking and payment systems that combine all vehicles will contribute to multimodal travel. But today legal, administrative and technical barriers multiply and slow down the process of forming a single European transport space. Despite the intensification of rail freight and international passenger transport, access to the transport services market continues to be a serious problem. This is largely due to lack of independence and lack of financial transparency between infrastructure managers and service providers, which can lead to discrimination and distortion of the market. Conclusion. The transport policy of the European Union provides a powerful lever for economic recovery. A new issue for European transport systems is their intermodality, that is, the opportunity for logistic chains to use different consecutive modes of transport according to their specific needs for optimizing costs and environmental impact. This means the implementation of regular, clear efforts at European level country by country, industry by industry, according to different geographical, economic and historical features. An investment strategy in transport infrastructure will make sense only if it is shared by actors in the world market. By means of joint financing of individual objects by business and states, the possibility of creating a single European transport network will be real.

scholarly journals Mainstreaming gender in urban public transport: lessons from Nairobi, Kampala and Dar es Salaam

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassilde Muhoza ◽  
Wikman Anna ◽  
Rocio Diaz-Chavez
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
East Africa ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Dar Es Salaam ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Travel Patterns ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Urban Public Transport

The urban population of Africa, the fastest urbanizing continent, has increased from 19% to 39% in the past 50 years, and the number of urban dwellers is projected to reach 770 million by 2030. However, while rapid urbanization has increased mobility and created a subsequent growth in demand for public transport in cities, this has not been met by the provision of adequate and sustainable infrastructure and services. The majority of low-income residents and the urban poor still lack access to adequate transport services and rely on non-motorized and public transport, which is often informal and characterized by poor service delivery. Lack of access to transport services limits access to opportunities that aren’t in the proximity of residential areas, such as education, healthcare, and employment. The urban public transport sector not only faces the challenge of poor service provision, but also of gender inequality. Research shows that, in the existing urban transport systems, there are significant differences in the travel patterns of and modes of transport used by women and men, and that these differences are associated with their roles and responsibilities in society. Moreover, the differences in travel patterns are characterized by unequal access to transport facilities and services. Women are generally underrepresented in the sector, in both its operation and decision-making. Women’s mobility needs and patterns are rarely integrated into transport infrastructure design and services and female users are often victims of harassment and assault. As cities rapidly expand, meeting the transport needs of their growing populations while paying attention to gender-differentiated mobility patterns is a prerequisite to achieving sustainability, livability and inclusivity. Gender mainstreaming in urban public transport is therefore a critical issue, but one which is under-researched in East Africa. This research explores gender issues in public transport in East Africa, focusing in particular on women’s inclusion in both public transport systems and transport policy decision-making processes and using case studies from three cities: Nairobi, Kampala and Dar es Salaam.

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