Rheological and Mechanical Performance of Asphalt Binders and Mixtures Incorporating CaCO3 and Lldpe

This study was conducted to assess the performance of modified asphalt binders and engineering properties of mixtures prepared with incorporation 3 vol% and 6 vol% of calcium carbonate (CaCO3), linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), and combinations of CaCO3 and LLDPE. The rheological properties of control and modified asphalt binders were evaluated using a series of testing such as rotational viscometer (RV), multiple stress creep recovery (MSCR) and bending beam rheometer (BBR) tests. Meanwhile, four-point beam fatigue test, the dynamic modulus (E*) test and tensile strength ratio (TSR) test were conducted to assess the engineering properties of asphalt mixtures. Based on the findings, the RV and MSCR test result shows that all modified asphalt binders have improved performance in comparison to the neat asphalt binders in terms of higher viscosity and improved permanent deformation resistance. A higher amount of CaCO3 and LLDPE have led modified asphalt binders to better recovery percentage, except the asphalt binders modified using a combination of CaCO3 and LLDPE. However, the inclusion of LLDPE into asphalt binder has lowered the thermal cracking resistance. The incorporation of CaCO3 in asphalt mixtures was found beneficial, especially in improving the ability to resist fatigue cracking of asphalt mixture. In contrast, asphalt mixtures show better moisture sensitivity through the addition of LLDPE. The addition of LLDPE has significantly enhanced the indirect tensile strength values and tensile strength ratio of asphalt mixtures.

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Effects of warm mix asphalt additives on performance properties of polymer modified asphalt binders

Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering ◽

10.1139/l09-118 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 37 (1) ◽

pp. 17-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Hakseo Kim ◽

Soon-Jae Lee ◽

Serji N. Amirkhanian

Keyword(s):

Fatigue Cracking ◽

Warm Mix Asphalt ◽

Asphalt Binders ◽

Rotational Viscometer ◽

Performance Properties ◽

Modified Asphalt ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Performance Grade ◽

Low Temperature Cracking ◽

Polymer Modified Asphalt

This study presents an experimental evaluation for the performance properties of polymer modified asphalt (PMA) binders containing warm mix asphalt (WMA) additives. The PMA binders with the additives were produced using two of the available warm asphalt processes (i.e., Aspha-min and Sasobit) and three PMA binders graded as performance grade (PG) 76-22. The warm PMA binders were artificially short-term and then long-term aged using the rolling thin film oven (RTFO) and pressure aging vessel (PAV) procedures. Superpave binder tests were carried out on the binders through the rotational viscometer (RV), the dynamic shear rheometer (DSR), and the bending beam rheometer (BBR). In general, the results of this research indicated that (1) the addition of the WMA additives into the PMA binders showed positive effects on increasing rutting resistance at high temperature (based on the high failure temperature values from the DSR test); (2) the PMA binders containing the additives were observed to be less resistant to fatigue cracking at intermediate temperatures compared to the control PMA binders (based on the G*sin δ values at 25 °C from the DSR test); and (3) the addition of wax additive represented a possible lower resistance on low temperature cracking (based on the stiffness and the m-value at –12 °C from the BBR test).

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Effectiveness of Micro- and Nanomaterials in Asphalt Mixtures through Dynamic Modulus and Rutting Tests

Journal of Nanomaterials ◽

10.1155/2016/2645250 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Hui Yao ◽

Zhanping You

Keyword(s):

Dynamic Modulus ◽

Mechanical Performance ◽

Permanent Deformation ◽

Asphalt Mixture ◽

Asphalt Mixtures ◽

Asphalt Binders ◽

Test Results ◽

Modified Asphalt ◽

Overall Performance ◽

Carbon Microfiber

The objectives of this research are to use micro- and nanomaterials to modify the asphalt mixture and to evaluate the mechanical performance of asphalt mixtures. These micro- and nanomaterials, including carbon microfiber, Nanomer material, nanosilica, nonmodified nanoclay, and polymer modified nanoclay, were selected to blend with the control asphalt to improve the overall performance of the modified asphalt binders and mixtures. The microstructures of original materials and asphalt binders were observed by the field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM). The mixture performance tests were employed to evaluate the resistance to rutting and permanent deformation of the modified asphalt mixtures. Test results indicate that(1)the dynamic modulus of micro- and nanomodified asphalt mixtures improved significantly;(2)the rutting susceptibility of the modified asphalt mixtures was reduced significantly compared to that of the control asphalt mixture;(3)the microstructures of modified asphalt binders were different from the control asphalt, and the structures determine the improvement in the performance of modified asphalt mixtures. These results indicate that the addition of micro- and nanomaterials enhanced the rutting performance and strength of asphalt mixtures. In addition, the analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze the modifying effects of micro- and nanomaterials on the performance.

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Evaluation of select warm mix additives with polymer and rubber modified asphalt mixtures

Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering ◽

10.1139/cjce-2013-0512 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 42 (6) ◽

pp. 377-388 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Zahi Chamoun ◽

Mena I. Souliman ◽

Elie Y. Hajj ◽

Peter Sebaaly

Keyword(s):

Fatigue Testing ◽

Research Effort ◽

Fatigue Cracking ◽

Moisture Damage ◽

Asphalt Mixtures ◽

Asphalt Binders ◽

Experimental Program ◽

Modified Asphalt ◽

Warm Mix Additives ◽

The Impact

Warm mix technologies are being increasingly investigated in an effort to conserve energy, reduce emissions, and extend paving season. Most of the laboratory research conducted to date on warm mix technologies has been concentrated on studying the impact of warm mix technologies on unmodified asphalt binders. This research effort evaluates the use of select warm mix additives with unmodified, polymer-modified, and terminal blend tire rubber asphalt mixtures from Nevada and California. The study evaluated two different warm mix asphalt (WMA) technologies: Sasobit and Advera. The experimental program evaluated the resistance to moisture damage and rutting of different mixtures with and without liquid anti-strip and lime. Additionally, fatigue resistance of modified and unmodified asphalt mixtures without anti-strip was conducted. In this research effort, the unmodified WMA mixtures were able to achieve mixing temperature reductions of 26.7 to 29.4 °C while the modified WMA mixtures were able to achieve mixing temperature reductions of 16.7 to 25.0 °C compared to their corresponding HMA control mixtures. The results showed that the use of modified binders with WMA technologies and anti-strip additives can result in mixtures with a better resistance to moisture damage compared to unmodified mixtures. Additionally, the combination of modified asphalt binders with lime will eventually generate better resisting mixtures to permanent deformation. Moreover, the resistance to fatigue cracking of HMA and WMA mixtures was also enhanced using modified asphalt binders. Furthermore, a mechanistic fatigue analysis using 3D-Move software confirmed the outcomes of fatigue testing.

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Engineering Properties of Polymer-Modified Asphalt Mixtures

Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board ◽

10.3141/1638-02 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 1638 (1) ◽

pp. 12-22 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Mohammad Jamal Khattak ◽

Gilbert Y. Baladi

Keyword(s):

Permanent Deformation ◽

Fatigue Cracking ◽

Asphalt Mixtures ◽

Engineering Properties ◽

Polymer Modification ◽

Polymer Systems ◽

Modified Asphalt ◽

Cracking Potential ◽

Deformation Properties ◽

Polymer Modified Asphalt

A large research program sponsored by the Michigan Department of Transportation was designed and completed to evaluate the effect of polymer modification on the various properties of asphalt mixtures. These include the micro- and macrostructural, morphological, chemical, and engineering properties. Some of the engineering properties of the styrene-butadiene-styrene and styrene-etylene-butylene-styrene polymer-modified asphalt mixtures are presented and discussed. The elastic, fatigue, tensile, and permanent deformation properties were investigated at 60, 25, and –5°C. It was found that, for some polymer systems, the fatigue life and the indirect tensile strength increased considerably at 25°C while the elastic properties at -5°C were not affected by the addition of polymer. The implication of this is that the use of some polymer systems in asphalt mixtures enhances their fatigue cracking and rutting resistance without affecting the low temperature cracking potential.

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Effect of SBS Polymer and Anti-stripping Agents on the Moisture Susceptibility of Hot and Warm Mix Asphalt Mixtures

Civil Engineering Journal ◽

10.28991/cej-030931 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (10) ◽

pp. 987 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hamed Omrani ◽

Ali Reza Ghanizadeh ◽

Amin Tanakizadeh

Keyword(s):

Tensile Strength ◽

Hydrated Lime ◽

Warm Mix Asphalt ◽

Primary Objective ◽

Asphalt Mixtures ◽

Strength Ratio ◽

Test Results ◽

Moisture Susceptibility ◽

Modified Asphalt ◽

Polymer Modified Asphalt

The primary objective of this study is exploring the moisture susceptibility of unmodified and SBS-modified hot and warm mix asphalt mixtures. To this end, two different WMA additives including Aspha-min and Sasobit were employed to fabricate WMA specimens. The moisture susceptibility of warm polymer modified asphalt (WPMA) mixes was evaluated using modified Lottman test at 25°C according to AASHTO standard (T 283). In addition, the effect of different percentages of hydrated lime (from 0% to 2%) and Zycosoil (from 0% to 0.1%) as anti-stripping additives on the moisture susceptibility of the mixtures was explored. Based on the ITS test results, WPMA prepared with Sasobit additive and polymer modified asphalt (PMA) mixes satisfied the desirable tensile strength ratio (TSR) (above 80%) but Aspha-min WPMA mixes had TSR lower than 80%.

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Evaluation of High-Performance Asphalt Binders Modified with SBS, SIS, and GTR

Advances in Civil Engineering ◽

10.1155/2019/2035954 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Hyun Hwan Kim ◽

Mithil Mazumder ◽

Moon-Sup Lee ◽

Soon-Jae Lee

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

Asphalt Binder ◽

Microstructural Analysis ◽

Asphalt Binders ◽

Creep Recovery ◽

Rotational Viscometer ◽

Modified Asphalt ◽

Modified Asphalt Binder ◽

Polymer Modified Asphalt ◽

Styrene Butadiene

In this study, performance properties of polymer-modified asphalt (PMA) binders are evaluated depending on ground tire rubber (GTR) and styrene-isoprene-styrene (SIS). Styrene-butadiene-styrene- (SBS-) modified asphalt binder of PG 76-22 is used as a base binder to manufacture the rubberized PMA binder. The rubberized PMA binders are blended using SIS modifier. The binders were artificially short-term and long-term aged using rolling thin-film oven (RTFO) and pressure aging vessel (PAV) procedures. Superpave binder tests were conducted on the binders through rotational viscometer (RV), dynamic shear rheometer (DSR), and bending beam rheometer (BBR). Furthermore, multiple stress creep recovery (MSCR) test and atomic force microscopy (AFM) microstructural analysis were performed. The results of this study indicated that (1) the viscosity properties seem to be highly dependent on GTR and SIS contents, (2) the addition of SIS is observed to have a significant effect on improving the rutting performances of rubberized PMA binders, (3) the cracking properties are considered to be improved significantly through SIS modification, and (4) in general, the rubberized PMA binders with SIS showed the best performance for rutting and cracking among all the binders used in this study.

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Mechanical Performance Characterization of Lignin-Modified Asphalt Mixture

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app10093324 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 3324

Author(s):

Yi Zhang ◽

Xuancang Wang ◽

Guanyu Ji ◽

Zhenyang Fan ◽

Yuchen Guo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Mechanical Performance ◽

Asphalt Mixture ◽

Fatigue Cracking ◽

Asphalt Mixtures ◽

Bending Test ◽

Cracking Resistance ◽

Moisture Susceptibility ◽

Modified Asphalt ◽

Wheel Loading

Lignin, as a bio-based waste, has been utilized in the asphalt industry due to various advantages. This study aimed to investigate the effects of two lignin products (lignin powder and lignin fiber) on the mechanical properties of asphalt mixtures. The raveling, rutting, thermal and fatigue cracking resistance, and moisture susceptibility of different asphalt mixtures were respectively evaluated by the Cantabro test, wheel loading tracking test, semicircular bending test, four-point beam bending test, and freezing-thaw cyclic test. Results show that asphalt mixture with lignin powder-modified asphalt improved the overall mechanical performance. However, lignin fiber showed contradictory effects on certain mechanical properties, i.e., improved rutting resistance and thermal cracking resistance of asphalt mixture, degraded abrasion resistance, fatigue performance, and moisture stability. Therefore, cautions need to be taken when incorporating lignin fiber into asphalt mixture.

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Effect of Polymer’s Type and Content on Tensile Strength of Polymers Modified Asphalt Mixes

Al-Qadisiyah Journal for Engineering Sciences ◽

10.30772/qjes.v13i1.645 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 7-11

Author(s):

Ghufraan Mohammed Aboud ◽

Nabil Habib Jassem ◽

Samer AlAmili ◽

Azaldeen Ali Abdulhussein

Keyword(s):

Tensile Strength ◽

Natural Rubber ◽

Mechanical Characteristics ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Asphalt Binder ◽

Fatigue Cracking ◽

Asphalt Mixtures ◽

Modified Asphalt ◽

Climatic Environment ◽

And Performance

There has been a considerable rise in road traffic in the past twenty years due to the fast-pace development of the country. In addition, the inadequate and less frequent maintenance exacerbated the deterioration of road structure. This increase in traffic volume combined with the harsh climatic environment of Iraq causes early signs of distress such as low-temperature cracking, rutting, and fatigue cracking. Polymers obtained from the local sources or recycled additive from other sources have been used in pavements to improve their performance as well as to make them more sustainable. This paper presents a laboratory evaluations that were used to determine mechanical characteristics and performance of asphalt mixtures with different types of additives such as (Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) and Natural Rubber (NR)) and various content. The modified asphalt mixtures were prepared with asphalt binder previously modified by using four percentages of polymer (2, 4, 6, and 8%) from the weight of asphalt binder. Many tests were conducted to evaluate mixtures performance such as (the volumetric properties, mechanical characteristics, indirect tensile strength (ITS) test, and double punching shear (DPS)). The results indicated that the PVC polymer and natural rubber improved the performance of the mixtures compared to the control mixture.

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Research of the Rheological Modification Mechanism of Crumb Rubber-Modified Asphalt Containing Polyamide 6 Additive

Advances in Civil Engineering ◽

10.1155/2020/8877487 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Zhihua Tan ◽

Jijing Wang

Keyword(s):

Asphalt Binder ◽

Interaction Mechanism ◽

Polyamide 6 ◽

Crumb Rubber ◽

Asphalt Mixtures ◽

Engineering Properties ◽

Asphalt Binders ◽

Modified Asphalt ◽

The Past ◽

Asphalt Rubber

In the past few decades, the rapid growth of automobile production in China has led to the scrapping of a large number of tires. How to dispose of tires has become a significant challenge. The addition of crushed rubber to asphalt binder not only can improve the performance of asphalt mixtures but also is an effective and environmentally friendly way to recycle scrapped tires. However, rubber asphalt mixtures demand higher production temperatures than conventional asphalt binders due to the higher viscosity of asphalt rubber binder. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the rheological properties of rubber-modified asphalt by adding polyamide 6 and investigate the modification mechanism of crumb rubber-modified asphalt (CRMA) after adding polyamide 6. To this end, the content of waste rubber in the prepared rubber asphalt was 20%. The conventional laboratory rheological tests were employed to evaluate the performance of crumb rubber-modified asphalt after adding polyamide 6. Furthermore, to investigate the interaction mechanism of crumb rubber and asphalt, a series of advanced tools, including the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) test, differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) test, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) test, were conducted. From the experimental results obtained, it may be concluded that crumb rubber-modified asphalt with adding polyamide 6 not only improves the engineering properties of the rubber-modified asphalt but also improves the performance of rubber asphalt. From the FTIR and SEM tests, it is concluded that there is no new functional group in the mixing process of crumb rubber and the asphalt, which contributes to the storage stability of asphalt binder and runway.

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Mechanical Characteristics of Graphene Nanoplatelets-Modified Asphalt Mixes: A Comparison with Polymer- and Not-Modified Asphalt Mixes

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14092434 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (9) ◽

pp. 2434

Author(s):

Laura Moretti ◽

Nico Fabrizi ◽

Nicola Fiore ◽

Antonio D’Andrea

Keyword(s):

Fatigue Resistance ◽

Graphene Nanoplatelets ◽

Asphalt Mixtures ◽

Asphalt Binders ◽

Asphalt Mixes ◽

Modified Asphalt ◽

Bituminous Mixtures ◽

Water Sensitivity ◽

Polymer Modified Asphalt ◽

Mechanical Performances

In recent years, nanotechnology has sparked an interest in nanomodification of bituminous materials to increase the viscosity of asphalt binders and improves the rutting and fatigue resistance of asphalt mixtures. This paper presents the experimental results of laboratory tests on bituminous mixtures laid on a 1052 m-long test section built in Rome, Italy. Four asphalt mixtures for wearing and binder layer were considered: two polymer modified asphalt concretes (the former modified with the additive Superplast and the latter modified with styrene–butadiene–styrene), a “hard” graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) modified asphalt concrete and a not-modified mixture. The indirect tensile strength, water sensitivity, stiffness modulus, and fatigue resistance of the mixtures were tested and compared. A statistical analysis based on the results has shown that the mixtures with GNPs have higher mechanical performances than the others: GNP could significantly improve the tested mechanical performances; further studies will be carried out to investigate its effect on rutting and skid resistance.

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