scholarly journals Current Capacities of Forensic Psychological and Comprehensive Analysis When Examining Footage of Procedural and Non-Procedural Actions

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-113
Author(s):  
T. N. Sekerazh
Keyword(s):  
Emotional State ◽  
Forensic Analysis ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
Specialized Knowledge ◽  
Psychological Examination ◽  
The Given ◽  
And Linguistics ◽  
Factual Data ◽  
Current Stage

The article addresses some typical situations arising in the course of a forensic psychological examination of footage when it is necessary to establish the following factual data: signs of the credibility of the information reported, spontaneity and preparedness of an interrogated person’s speech, external influence on the given testimony, the emotional state of the interrogated person and his/her psychological characteristics. The author analyses the situations that arise when examining the footage showing informal communication. The article also determines the range of tasks to solve which, the expert needs various specialized knowledge, primarily in the fields of forensic psychology and linguistics. Expert tasks occurring in forensic analysis of the footage of procedural and non-procedural actions depend on the case’s category, significance and procedural status of the footage in the evidentiary framework on the case, and some other factors. The author pays particular attention to the scope of expert competence for different specialties, including on the issues that cannot be solved by expert means at the current stage of scientific development.

scholarly journals Psychological Aspects of Translation

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 160-163
Author(s):  
Tetiana Leleka
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Human Factor ◽  
Psychological Aspects ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Psychological Phenomenon ◽  
And Linguistics

The theses reveal the problem of the connection between psychology and linguistics on the basis of translation activities. The role of the human factor of a translator is revealed, and the bonds between the type of translation and the characteristics of the person who does it is established For this purpose, a psycholinguistic experiment was carried out with the participation of 50 people to demonstrate the dependence of the psychological characteristics of the translator and the quality of the translated text using comparative analysis of translation. The data has confirmed the hypothesis about psychological phenomenon of translation.

scholarly journals The Impact Of Psychological Characteristics On The Effectiveness Of Motivational Interviewing Based Psychological Counseling

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Raimonda Petroliene ◽  
Liuda Sinkariova ◽  
Dalia Karpovaite ◽  
Loreta Zajanckauskaite-Staskeviciene ◽  
Jurga Misiuniene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Cardiac Rehabilitation ◽  
Motivational Interviewing ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
Cardiac Patients ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Psychological Counseling ◽  
Counseling Intervention ◽  
Unhealthy Behavior

It is well known that in order to control the morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular disease patients, their lifestyle should be taken into account (American Heart Association, 2012; Klumbiene et al., 2002). Studies of various disease patients’ manners (Knight et al., 2006; Thompson et al., 2011) confirm that motivational interviewing (Miller & Rollnick, 2013) is an effective method for changing unhealthy behavior. Nevertheless, our practical experience of motivational interviewing based psychological counseling with rehabilitation hospitals’ cardiac patients’ (Sinkariova et al., 2015) revealed noteworthy observations about some participants lack of motivation to change unhealthy behavior. This observation encouraged us to start a study with the aim to find out if cardiac rehabilitation participants’ personality traits and emotional state are related to the effectiveness of motivational interviewing based psychological counseling. The study used a quasi-experiment where cardiac rehabilitation patients were assigned to control (regular rehabilitation, n=55) or experimental (rehabilitation plus motivational interviewing based psychological counseling intervention, n=64) groups. A total of 119 participants (male=83, female=36, M age=60.47, SD=8.762) attended a survey, which included NEO-FFI, HADs, and “Readiness to change questionnaire” at the beginning and end of cardiac rehabilitation. Nonparametric data analysis showed that patients’ personality traits are not related to the effectiveness of motivational interviewing based counseling, whereas depression is positively related to the effectiveness of intervention to change alcohol consumption. Conclusions/Implications: Depression as an expression of emotional state is an important feature for the effectiveness of motivational interviewing based counseling to change cardiac patients’ alcohol consumption. Further understanding of relationships between psychological characteristics and the effectiveness of intervention could help to improve cardiac diseases prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation.

scholarly journals Phraseological units as means of expressing the emotivity in the Tatar language

2021 ◽  
pp. 154-161
Author(s):  
Gulshat Raisovna Galiullina ◽  
Gulfiya Kamilovna Khadieva ◽  
Zilya Mullakhmetovna Mukhametgalieva ◽  
Margarita Emilievna Dubrovina
Keyword(s):  
Emotional State ◽  
Life Experience ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Scientific Field ◽  
Wilhelm Von Humboldt ◽  
Emotional Environment ◽  
Field Linguistics ◽  
Inner World ◽  
The Given ◽  
Negative Connotation

Systematization and description of the arsenal of linguistic means of expressing emotions represent one of the major tasks for linguistics that returns nowadays to the theory of Wilhelm von Humboldt, which in the early XIXth century appealed to study the language in close connection with individual speakers. A logical interest of the researchers to the processes of manifestation of emotions in the language has resulted in the formation of a new scientific field – linguistics of emotions aimed at the emotional environment of the language. In the Tatar language human emotions are verbalized mostly by the phraseological units representing various mental states of a person, one’s inner world. Studying means of expressing emotive vocabulary illustrated by the phraseological units provides an opportunity to present the whole complex of means of the language and the speech, as well as contribute to understanding the mentality and psychology of a Tatar language person. This article covers the Tatar phraseological units expressing negative connotation. The theme group “anger” represents the object of research. The authors have studied the emotional and appraisal semantics of the given group of phraseological units and attempted the revealing the specificity of the way of thinking and the worldview of the Tatar people. The analysis revealed that the phraseological units of the studied group are characterized by a great diversity of lexical, semantic, emotional and appraisal aspects. The emotional and appraisal volume of the phraseological units varies depending on the emotional state of the speaker and on his attitude to the addressee. Cultural and connotative semantics of the phraseological units is closely connected to the Tatar people’s worldview which has formed and has been enriched throughout the life experience.

scholarly journals TEENAGERS’ AGGRESSION AS A PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL PROBLEM

2020 ◽  
pp. 133-141
Author(s):  
Наталія Савінова ◽  
Ніна Стельмах ◽  
Марія Берегова ◽  
Тетяна Іванова
Keyword(s):  
Personal Development ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
Personality Development ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Theoretical Foundations ◽  
Aggressive Personality ◽  
Complex Influence ◽  
Living Being

The article analyses a sufficient number of psychological literature on the problem of aggression. We have revealed the state of development of the problem under study in science, its conceptual and theoretical foundations, namely the following provisions: determination of personality behaviour by dialectical unity of external and internal (dependence of behaviour on biological and social factors); abrupt, stage personal development in ontogeny; personality development is caused by a complex influence on her psyche of heredity, environment, upbringing. The driving force behind personality development is contradiction. The development of aggression occurs in the process of socialization of the individual, and its manifestations depend on individual-psychological characteristics, social competence in the conditions of aggression, cognitive and psycho-emotional state, etc.We have found out that there are different approaches to the study of aggression, the reasons for its occurrence, to determine its nature and structure of aggressive personality behaviour. It has been established that, despite the controversy of this issue, its various interpretations, psychologists are united in the fact that aggression is a form of behaviour aimed at harming another living being. Aggressiveness is a personality trait that expresses readiness for aggression. Aggressive behaviour is a complex and multifaceted process that involves various factors, both social and biological. We have identified the prerequisites and causes of aggression in adolescence. The authors identified criteria and indicators that diagnosed the aggression of adolescents in two secondary schools: district and city. We found the levels of aggression in adolescents from both schools based on the interpretation of the obtained data. As a result of correlation measurements, we found a higher level of aggression in adolescents of urban school.

scholarly journals ELECTROMYOGRAPHY OF MUSCULOFACIAL REGION MUSCLES AND RESULTS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL EXAMINATIONS IN WORKERS WITH HAZARDOUS WORKING CONDITIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 167-172
Author(s):  
Valentina Olesova ◽  
Dmitry Martynov ◽  
Egor Olesov ◽  
Evgeniya Ekusheva ◽  
Magomed Salamov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Muscle Tone ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Production Factor ◽  
Maxillofacial Region ◽  
Psychophysiological Examination ◽  
Psychological Examination ◽  
Dental Rehabilitation ◽  
Masticatory Apparatus

According to the data of targeted examinations of workers with hazardous working conditions, in particular, in the presence of a radiation factor, the dental status in terms of the prevalence and intensity of major dental diseases does not differ significantly from those working in normal working conditions. At the same time, during interviews and clinical examination, workers in hazardous industries often reveal hypertonicity of the muscles of the maxillofacial region, which is especially noticeable in people with long work experience. One of the reasons for the hypertonicity of the muscles of the maxillofacial region can be chronic stressful loads associated with hazardous working conditions. However, this section of functional dentistry has not been sufficiently studied in relation to workers in hazardous industries. It is required to compare the results of electromyography of the muscles of the maxillofacial region and the data of psychological examination of workers. The aim of the study is to compare the psychological characteristics and the results of electromyography of the muscles of the maxillofacial region in workers with hazardous working conditions and normal working conditions in the 45-55 age group. Material and Methods: A comparative analysis of electromyography data of masticatory and temporal muscles, "Hamburg testing" of the masticatory apparatus and psychological characteristics was carried out in 50 workers of hazardous industries (radiation production factor) and in 53 workers in normal working conditions. Results of the study: the study revealed differences in the results of psychophysiological examination, "Hamburg testing" of the chewing apparatus and electromyography of the muscles of the maxillofacial region in workers with hazardous working conditions and working in normal conditions. Employees of hazardous industries, according to psychological examination, are subject to chronic stress, which leads to a distortion of the tone of the muscles of the maxillofacial region, which, in turn, causes more frequent detection of dysfunction of the masticatory apparatus in workers. Conclusion: the results of the study should be taken into account in the complex dental rehabilitation of workers in hazardous industries, including measures aimed at normalizing the muscle tone of the maxillofacial region.

scholarly journals EVENTS OF THE “SECOND BAZAAR” AND THE FINAL SOLUTION OF THE JEWISH ISSUE IN THE TOWN OF BAZAAR BY THE NAZI OCCUPATION AUTHORITIES

2021 ◽  
pp. 152-174
Author(s):  
Ivan Kovalchuk
Keyword(s):  
Jewish People ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
Nazi Occupation ◽  
History Of ◽  
20Th Anniversary ◽  
Twentieth Anniversary ◽  
The Given ◽  
The Town ◽  
Descriptive Method ◽  
Factual Data

This study supplements factual data on the commemoration of the twentieth anniversary of the execution of the UPR army soldiers by Bolshevik troops, identified in historiographic sources as the “Second Bazaar”. Another issue considered in the paper is the execution of the local Jewish population, carried out exactly on the day of commemoration of the victims of the Bazaar tragedy. The methodological basis of the study is constituted by the methods of source heuristics. By detecting, processing, and introducing a new set of archival sources – archival and criminal cases – into scientific circulation, the existing factual basis on the specified events has been expanded. The contradictory and subjective nature of the given sources also necessitates the use of appropriate methodological tools. Therefore, the method which Robin George Collingwood once described as “cross-examination on the bench” is utilized, when the historian “cross-interrogates the sources to extract information that they did not disclose in their previous testimony, or because they did not want to give it, or because they did not have it”. To fully cover and reconstruct the specified events, a descriptive method is employed. The scientific novelty of the paper lies in the fact that it presents a comprehensive account of specific details of the preparation and commemoration of the 20th anniversary of the Bazaar tragedy, and in fact, it is the first in modern Ukrainian historiography generalized study of the local Jewish population’s execution on the day of the Bazar anniversary. Conclusions. The events of the “Second Bazaar” have become one of the symbols of the Ukrainian national struggle for statehood, representing another tragic page in the history of the Ukrainian and Jewish peoples. Further research might be conducted to personalize the members and sympathizers of the OUN, participants of the commemoration events of the “Second Bazaar”, victims of Nazi repressions and determine the exact number of Jewish people killed.

scholarly journals ORGANISING RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES WITH THE ELDERLY IN A HEALTH RESORT INSTITUTION

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-66
Author(s):  
Nadezhda V. Bibikova ◽  
◽  
Liudmila N. Belonogova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Emotional State ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Recreational Activity ◽  
Health Resort ◽  
Recreational Activities ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Social ◽  
Age Related Changes

The article highlights the problem of increasing the number of the elderly people and, as a consequence, the problem of ensuring vigorous activity and maintaining a healthy lifestyle. The authors of the article determine the potential of recreational activities for solving the social and psychological problems of the elderly. The article discusses the main definitions of the concepts of «recreation», «recreational activity», the characteristics of the socio-psychological characteristics. The article presents the results of an empirical study, during which the emotional state of the elderly, their sociopsychological adaptation and readiness to accept age-related changes were diagnosed. In addition, the article describes the results of the implemented program for organizing recreational activities with the elderly.

scholarly journals SOCIAL–PSYCHOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF THE POLITICAL IMAGE MODELS

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
GAYANE SHAHVERDYAN ◽  
IZABELLA GHAZARYAN
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Research ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
The Political ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Basic Model ◽  
Image Models ◽  
The Given

The given article presents the main characteristics of the concept of “image” and political image. The authors describe the basic model of political image, its social and psychological characteristics. As an alternative to existing models the authors present their own one, which was formed on the basis of socio–psychological research.

Formation of Intellectual Property Forensics in the System of the Russian Ministry of Justice

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 98-105
Author(s):  
A. S. Savenko
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Federal Budget ◽  
Forensic Analysis ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
Specialized Knowledge ◽  
Judicial Practice ◽  
Comprehensive Examination ◽  
Forensic Institutions ◽  
New Type

The article analyses legal regulations of a forensic investigation into intellectual property o jects regarding the appointment of examinations of trademarks and service marks. The matter of necessity of specialized knowledge to conduct such investigations is addressed as well as current expert and judicial practice in this field. The author notes that forensic analysis of trade and service marks should be carried out as a part of a comprehensive examination in complex cases. The investigation should also include a sociological study.It is shown that the training of state forensic experts in the Russian Ministry of Justice system for intellectual property forensics, among other things to assess its value, will provide fully competent, unbiased, and independent experts and specialists in the field. The author proposes acknowledging and adding to the List of types of forensic examinations conducted in the Federal budget forensic institutions of the Russian Ministry of Justice the new type of forensic examinations – “Intellectual Property Forensics”.

Gastroenterological and psychological characteristics of patients seeking bariatric surgery

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
D. I. Vasilevsky ◽  
S. G. Balandov ◽  
K. A. Anisimova ◽  
S. V. Tikhonov ◽  
V. D. Dekkanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Morbid Obesity ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Erosive Esophagitis ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Common Complaint ◽  
Psychological Examination ◽  
Seeking Help ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Russian Patient

This original article discusses the main concomitant diseases and psychological problems of patients with morbid obesity seeking help from bariatric (metabolic) surgeons. The study was conducted on the basis of St. Petersburg State Medical University n. a. I. P. Pavlov, it was the most voluminous laboratory-instrumental and psychological examination, on the basis of which a peculiar portrait of a Russian patient with morbid obesity was compiled. Gastroenterological symptoms were predominant in patients with morbid obesity. Heartburn was the most common complaint. Non-erosive reflux disease was diagnosed in 35.0 % of patients, erosive esophagitis in 20.5 %, hiatal hernia of the 1st degree in 41.2 %, of the 2nd degree in 32.3 % of patients.

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