scholarly journals TEENAGERS’ AGGRESSION AS A PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL PROBLEM

Author(s):  
Наталія Савінова ◽  
Ніна Стельмах ◽  
Марія Берегова ◽  
Тетяна Іванова

The article analyses a sufficient number of psychological literature on the problem of aggression. We have revealed the state of development of the problem under study in science, its conceptual and theoretical foundations, namely the following provisions: determination of personality behaviour by dialectical unity of external and internal (dependence of behaviour on biological and social factors); abrupt, stage personal development in ontogeny; personality development is caused by a complex influence on her psyche of heredity, environment, upbringing. The driving force behind personality development is contradiction. The development of aggression occurs in the process of socialization of the individual, and its manifestations depend on individual-psychological characteristics, social competence in the conditions of aggression, cognitive and psycho-emotional state, etc.We have found out that there are different approaches to the study of aggression, the reasons for its occurrence, to determine its nature and structure of aggressive personality behaviour. It has been established that, despite the controversy of this issue, its various interpretations, psychologists are united in the fact that aggression is a form of behaviour aimed at harming another living being. Aggressiveness is a personality trait that expresses readiness for aggression. Aggressive behaviour is a complex and multifaceted process that involves various factors, both social and biological. We have identified the prerequisites and causes of aggression in adolescence. The authors identified criteria and indicators that diagnosed the aggression of adolescents in two secondary schools: district and city. We found the levels of aggression in adolescents from both schools based on the interpretation of the obtained data. As a result of correlation measurements, we found a higher level of aggression in adolescents of urban school.

Author(s):  
Ihor Komarnytskyi ◽  
◽  
Olena Hurman ◽  
Oleksandr Borovykov ◽  
Olha Luhivska ◽  
...  

The article is devoted to substantiation of theoretical and methodological aspects of personal development as the most valuable resource of enterprise competition in the market environment. Within a specific enterprise it is important to carry out a comprehensive empirical study of the outlined problem on the example of a specific production and trade enterprise. The essence and place of personal development in the content of modern concepts of personnel management of the enterprise are characterized. The relevance of comprehensive personal development and the formation of relevant competencies in the context of updating the innovative practice of assessing the individual value of the employee is substantiated. The program of complex estimation of development of the personnel of the enterprise is developed, including: formation and studying of a motivational profile of workers on twelve factors of motivation, introduction of periodic estimation of the personnel according to the adapted methodology recommended by the international corporation "Logistics groups"; diagnostics of the type of corporate culture that has developed in the organization; study of documents characterizing the economic results of the employee: sales, the number of new customers, staff turnover in the entrusted unit, feedback on the work. The results of a comprehensive study of forms of assessment and stimulation of factors of personality development in the personnel management system of the enterprise are presented. It is offered to introduce the adapted systems for assessing the development of personality and the level of staff competence, coaching technologies and building career plans as effective methods of personal development in order to optimize personnel management in general.


2019 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 07007
Author(s):  
Alana Uzdenova

The theory of the executive activity of a personality and the ability to determine its correlates are analyzed. High efficiency executive activity is considered as a predictor of a high quality of life and professional activity of an individual. The results of the study of the individual psychological properties of the personality associated with the characteristics of performing activities are presented. A combination of properties is highlighted: irritability, sociability, extraversion, which positively affect the type of execution. They form a triad closely associated with all the properties of executive activities. Some personality properties that inhibit the development of characteristics necessary for effectiveness are identified. Aggressiveness and high emotional lability are characteristic of students with low responsibility. According to the research results, mutually exclusive properties are organization and openness. The definition of determinants and correlates of performing activities opens up opportunities for psychologists and educators to create spaces for the development of a highly effective personality. Executive activity is a system construct. Understanding its structure allows us to see its flexibility and form individual trajectories of learning and personality development.


2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (6/2) ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
Svetlana S. IGNATOVICH ◽  
Vladlen K. IGNATOVICH

The article is devoted to the problem of assessing the individual educational results of students in the process of additional education. This assessment in the concept of the authors is considered as the most important condition for the independent progress of the student along the individual educational trajectory. In this case, the student is the subject of its design. A model for assessing the individual educational results of students in the format of an educational event is proposed. The basic principle is formulated, which consists in fixing activity manifestations in a given situation, which testify to the student's ability to independently solve a creative task. These manifestations include: adequate understanding of the meaning of the problem being solved, competent determination of means and methods for solving it, competent access to various resources, and implementation of productive communications, ability to present and defend the solutions obtained. It is shown that the main components of such an educational event should be: joint solution of original creative tasks by students, expert-analytical support of this activity and free creative communication of different participants. A methodological scheme for the preparation and conduct of such an educational event is described. Its structural elements are: a preliminary analysis of data monitoring the development of students' creative activities; development and testing of a package of creative tasks; preparing a team of experts and equipping it with the necessary tools; development of the Festival program using a variety of creative communication formats of the participants; organization of information and analytical support of the Festival. Recommendations on the preparation of local working spaces for various types of activities of the Festival participants are given.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 146-169
Author(s):  
J.S. Vitko ◽  
A.A. Lebedeva

Objective. The article analyzes the practices of homeless assistance programs and the possibility of developing a methodological approach, where the restoration of the lost subjectivity of the individual will become one of the methodological foundations of the psychology of homelessness. Background. The problem of homelessness is urgent both for Russia and foreign countries. Improving the effectiveness of the re-socialization practices for people living on the street implies a deeper understanding of the psychology of the homeless by social services. Methodology. This article considers the methodological principles of the historical-evolutionary approach (A.G. Asmolov), the approach to the analysis of cultural and personal development from the viewpoint of the chronotope (N.N. Tolstykh), the principle of supra-situational activity (V.A. Petro¬vsky), the idea of personality development pathways in challenging conditions (D.A. Leontiev), etc. Conclusions. It is concluded that assistance to the homeless is of an ad hoc nature and mostly includes the provision of material and emergency support. The authors propose a comprehensive model based on the idea of the homeless personality returning and upholding the following principles: 1) retention of activity on the side of the person, 2) effort on the part of the person, 3) maintenance of oversituational activity, 4) reliance on the personality, its potential, 5) support and organization of social relations, 6) polysystem.


2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronnie B. Rubi

Kaaraman Ko, Iwaras Ko is a community-based technology education extended by the college anchored to the CMO 52 s. 2016. This study is an assessment of the aforementioned program. Kaaraman Ko, Iwaras Ko was aimed to educate and capacitate the beneficiaries with applied technology skills in (a) food processing, bread, and pastry production, (b) garment technology and (c) household wiring and electrical installation. The study determined the effect of the program on the beneficiaries’ personal development, on the beneficiaries’ adoption of the skills they acquired from the training, and on augmenting the family income of the beneficiaries. Mixed-method of research was utilized in the study. Surveys and focus group discussion (FGD) was used to collect data. Results show that of the 70 beneficiaries that adopted the skills they learned from the program, four (4) started a small business, eleven (11) used the skills they learned to seek employment and fifty-five (55) applied it at home or in personal use. On average, the participants agree (3.52) that the program has helped them to have a better personality development and they also agree (3.29) that their stress was reduced. The participants strongly agree (3.51) that the program has helped increase their family’s income.


2019 ◽  
pp. 147-159
Author(s):  
L. Z. Serdiuk

The article analyzes the phenomena of an individual’s self-determination and psychological well-being, their interrelations, factors and components. These are the factors of psychological well-being that form a motivational focus on self-realization, personal autonomy, self-expression, self-acceptance, actualization of own nature, creative potential disclosure, positive relation- ships with others, belief in own effectiveness, etc., which form the individual’s self-determination capabilities. The self-determination structure includes the following components: goals, values, meanings, and awareness of own life journey, perspective of the future; motivation for self-development and self-realization; personal self-efficiency, self-attitude and autonomy; understanding of own powers and confidence in own capabilities; conscious control and realistic assessment of own achievements and prospects, involvement into the social life. Based on the performed correlation and regression analysis, we have established that self-determination of people’s behaviour is influenced by understanding of their life goals and meanings, the inner locus of control, personal autonomy and the ability to self-determination of their positions and regulation of their own lives. The main factors of self-determination, successful self-realization and personal psychological well-being are: understanding of own purposes, meanings, perspective of own future; existence of motivation for self-development and self-realisation, understanding of own powers and confidence in own capabilities, personal autonomy, and the ability to control consciously and to assess own achievements and prospects. The article substantiates that self-determination of personal development is the psychological foundation and prerequisite for personal self-realization. Successful self-realisation and personal psychological well-being is determined by existence of a personal desire for self-development and personal power revealing, evaluation of own personal powers as sufficient to successful achievement and holistic perception of life’s journey, including existence of realistic life goals. These factors stipulate goal-setting motivation and determine integration of the past, present and future in a personal psychological life space. It is substantiated that self-determination of personality development is a psychological basis for its self-realization and psychological well-being.


2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-132
Author(s):  
AGNIESZKA HOBI ◽  
AGNIESZKA HOBI ◽  
TADEUSZ HUCISKI ◽  
TADEUSZ HUCISKI ◽  
JACEK KOWALCZYK ◽  
...  

Sport in the world has been utilising psychology for a long time. In the most developed sports countries much higher emphasis has been laid for many years rather on development of psychosocial and coaching competence than strictly technical acquirements. Sports competition in basketball proceeds in conflict conditions and due to this it exerts a multilateral effect on psychic activities of participants. What is more, activity effectiveness during the game depends in a large degree on the development level of the psychoemotional, intellectual and volitionary sphere of sportsmen. Hence, investigations of the psychological factor on the process of achieving sports mastery by basketball women players, characterised by specific psychological characteristics, raise significant interest. Investigation of individualistic predispositions and resulting psychosocial behaviour plays an important role in sports activities, during the training process, as well as during competitions. Determination of relations between different psychological and pedagogical interaction characteristics is necessary for the individual and group management of a team in extreme situations. In the first part of the paper we will present personality characteristics assessed by the Gough test, which significantly correlate with sport effectiveness, as well as the personality model, conditioning high game effectiveness. In the second part we will present an innovative psychosocial system of mutual interactions between intentions, self-confidence, emotions, influence on game concentration in the team cohesion and situation self-creation system. IMOPEKSIS comprises the synthesis of newest achievements in the scope of success, business and sports psychology with 30-years experience of a permanent training experiment and sports competition. Experience has been verified by everyday variability of behaviour, individual and partner, group, situation feelings evaluated by sports successes in the form of World, European Vice-Championships and Polish Championship medals in women´s basketball.


Author(s):  
И.А. Синкевич ◽  
Т.В. Тучкова

Актуальность статьи обусловлена необходимостью изучения чувства одиночества в период ранней юности, так как оно является одним из наиболее распространённых явлений в психическом развитии юношества и может оказывать негативное влияние на личность, став устойчивым состоянием, которое будет препятствовать личностному развитию. Проведенный анализ литературных источников, посвященных вопросу изучения чувства одиночества, позволил авторам всесторонне рассмотреть его и раскрыть специфику переживания чувства одиночества в ранней юности. Раскрыта психологическая сущность феномена одиночества, многоаспектность его проявлений. Установлен характер взаимосвязи чувства одиночества и самооценки личности. Выявлены причины возникновения чувства одиночества в ранней юности, особенности его влияния на развитие личности. Представлены результаты эмпирического исследования влияния самооценки на переживание чувства одиночества старшеклассниками. Статья предназначена для работников системы образования, практических психологов, исследователей. The relevance of the article is due to the need to study the feeling of loneliness in early adolescence, since it is one of the most common phenomena in the mental development of adolescence and can have a negative impact on the personality, becoming a stable state that will hinder personal development. The analysis of literary sources devoted to the study of the feeling of loneliness allowed the authors to comprehensively consider it and reveal the specifics of experiencing a feeling of loneliness in early youth. The psychological essence of the phenomenon of loneliness, the multidimensionality of its manifestations are revealed. The nature of the relationship between feelings of loneliness and self-esteem of the individual has been established. The reasons for the emergence of a feeling of loneliness in early adolescence, the peculiarities of its influence on personality development are revealed. The article presents the results of an empirical study of the influence of self-esteem on the feeling of loneliness in high school students. The article is intended for educators, practical psychologists, and researchers.


Author(s):  
Meloian A.E. ◽  
Belozorova R.O. ◽  
Shelepun A.S.

The article investigates perfectionism as a psycho- logical phenomenon that combines the subject’s desire for perfection, the achievement of high personal moral, aesthetic, and intellectual standards. Theoretical approaches to the study of perfectionism in Ukrainian and foreign scientific literature are analyzed. The genesis of personal perfectionism is studied. It is revealed that the development of perfectionism is influenced by a system of motives, interests, and needs, which are closely related to such factors as values, ideals, attitudes, and beliefs. Psychological characteristics of individuals with a tendency to perfectionism and psychological characteristics of individuals who are not prone to perfectionism are compared. It is determined that the perfectionist orientation is initially socially marked. It is established that the formation of perfectionist tendencies is actively influenced by the social environment. The purpose is to highlight the results of a study of the manifestations of student youth’s perfectionism. Research methods include tests, questionnaires, and quantitative analy- sis. 11 males and 39 females participated in the study (n = 50). Results. It is established that students with pronounced indicators of perfectionism are character- ized by such volitional qualities as responsibility, atten- tiveness, ability to immerse themselves into work, but they have low indicators of such strong-willed qualities as determination and persistence. Perfectionists are characterized by low self-esteem, especially in terms of intelligence, character, abilities, confidence, and inde- pendence. The highest possible difference between the level of self-esteem and the level of demands. The individual-typological qualities of such students include extroversion, spontaneity, low level of lability and anxiety, and high self-esteem. The ratio of selfes- teem and the level of demands are moderate. Indica- tors of character, abilities and appearance, the average self-esteem, are higher than the level of demands. Con- clusions. The study indicates the existence of a signif- icant percentage of students with high and low levels of perfectionism. Students with a high rate of perfec- tionism are characterized by a tendency to set unre- alistically high standards, a compulsive aspiration of the unattainable, and an assessment of their self- value as a result of productivity only. They are a risk group in terms of further development of negative psycho-emotional states. Key words: perfectionism, student’s youth, ideal, personality, maladaptation. У статті досліджено перфекціонізм як психологічне явище, що поєднує прагнення суб’єкта до досконалості, досягнення високих особистісних моральних, естетичних, інтелектуальних стандартів. Проаналізовано теоретичні дослідження перфекціонізму науковців. Досліджено генезис перфекціонізму особистості. Виявлено, що на розвиток перфекціонізму впливає система мотивів, інтересів, потреб, які тісно пов’язані між собою такими чинниками, як цінності, ідеали, настановлення та переконання. Здійснено порівняння психологічних особливостей осіб зі схильністю до перфекціонізму та психологічних особливостей осіб не схильних до перфекціонізму. Визначено, що перфекціоністська орієнтація первісно має соціально-приписаний характер. Встановлено, що на формування перфекціоністських тенденцій активно впливає соціальне оточення. Метою статті є висвітлення результатів дослідження прояву перфекціонізму серед студентської молоді. Методами дослідження є тести зі стандартизованими анкетами, опитувальники, кількісне аналізування. Загальна кількість респондентів, які взяли участь у експерименті, складає 50 студентів, з них 11 юнаків та 39 дівчат. Результати. Встановлено, що для студентів з вираженими показниками перфекціонізму характерні такі вольові якості, як відповідальність, уважність, здатність глибоко занурюватися в роботу. Проте вони мають низькі показники за такими вольовими якостями, як рішучість і наполегливість. Для перфекціоністів характерна занижена самооцінка, особливо це стосується інтелекту, характеру, здібностей, впев- неності та самостійності з максимально високою розбіжністю рівня самооцінки та рівня домагань. До індивідуально–типологічних якостей таких студентів віднесено екстравертованість, спонтан- ність, низький рівень лабільності й тривожності, високу самооцінку. Співвідношення показників самооцінки та рівня домагань має помірний харак- тер. Висновки. Проведене дослідження вказує на існування значного відсотка студентів, що мають високий та низький рівень прояву перфекціонізму. Студенти з високим показником перфекціонізму характеризуються схильністю до встановлення нереалістично високих стандартів, компульсивним устремлінням до недосяжного та оцінкою своєї цінності лише в результаті продуктивності. Вони становлять групу ризику з точки зору розвитку в подальшому негативних психоемоційних станів. Ключові слова: самооцінка, студентська молодь, ідеал, особистість, дезадаптивність.


sjesr ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-67
Author(s):  
Hassan Bin Zubair ◽  
Dr Mubashira Khalid ◽  
Dr. Aroona Hashmi

This research explores the psychoanalytical aspects of the lives of South Asian immigrant characters in the novel Brick Lane (2003). The novel highlights the theme of migration, describing the shock of arrival, the process of settlement, and the subsequent problems involved in the transition from one country to another, as well as from a rural environment to an urban. This research explores cultural issues related to migrant diaspora living in London. The novel constructs a detailed exploration of the psychological responses of particular individuals to the traumas of migration and marginalization, alongside an investigation of the psychological roots of the current conflicts between different ethnic and religious groups. This research represents an interdisciplinary study, combining a detailed reading of Brick Lane with recent psychoanalytic analyses of personality development and the effects of geographical displacement and migration on the individual and collective psyche.  Salman Akhtar’s work on the psychological causes and consequences of migration is used as a major theoretical framework in this research. The novel is mainly concerned with the personal development of a protagonist Bangladeshi woman, Nazneen, in England. This paper presents the diasporic consciousness along with the psychoanalytical perspectives of the migrants of the South Asian region and how they face the issues of cultural ambivalence.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document