SCIENTIFIC BASIS OF REGIONAL NETWORK CENTER FOR AGROECOSYSTEMS MONITORING AND INFORMATION SUPPORT OF PLANT PRODUCTION PRODUCERS

1970 ◽  
pp. 4-8
Author(s):  
D. A. Matveenko ◽  
V. V. Yakushev ◽  
V. P. Yakushev
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Regional Network ◽  
Solution Processes

The importance of development of a regional network center for information support of the solution processes, the implementation support of precision agriculture technologies and their transfer to crop production producers – the users of the network center has considered in the paper. Traditional approaches to obtaining information and its transfer to consumers do not correspond to the required level of high-precision technology. It is necessary to take into account within-field spatial variability of indicators that determine the growth and development of the crops as well as the predicted crop yield. The development of new perfect methodological and instrumental framework of the information support of innovative technologies is required for this purpose. It is necessary to develop mobile and stationary tools of conjugate ground and remote monitoring of soil and climatic conditions, new methods of estimation the spatial variability of the agro-ecological state of crops and their habitats with detecting boundaries of the within-field variability of the relevant indicators. This article discusses the structure and the target organization scheme of the Information Center with various types of users. Authors propose to use the prototype of the automated system for the development and support of agro-technological decision making with the integrated GIS-AFI geo-information module created in the Agrophysical Research Institute.

scholarly journals Ecologization of agriculture and problems of its technical support

2019 ◽  
pp. 175-180
Author(s):  
Gritsyshyn, M. ◽  
Perepelytsya, N.
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Operating Mode ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Technical Equipment ◽  
Technical Base ◽  
Environmentally Safe ◽  
Automation Control ◽  
Control And Management

Purpose. Identify the main ways of ecologization crop production and directions of development material and technical base of agrarian enterprises for their realization. Methods. Monographic, economic-mathematical, analytical, system engineering. Results. It was established that the development of agrarian science is characterized by concentration on developed adaptive to changing soil-climatic conditions of machine technology of plant production, which will allow preservation of ecological and biological balance in nature and will ensure the production of environmentally friendly food products. The priority directions creation and development of the production at technical means, use of which will ensure the implementation of the latest technologies and effective environ mentally safe production of crop production. Conclusions. Ecologization of crop production involves the effective use of natural conditions and is based on the rational application of soil cultivation systems, fertilizers, plant protection and other agro technical measures that ensure the production of crop production with a minimum anthropogenic load on the environment. The perspective directions of development of the material and technical base of environmentally safe agriculture are as follows: •creation of energy technical equipment on agrofilly tires equipped with means of automation of control and management of a predetermined operating mode that minimizes soil compaction and other negative environ mental impacts; •creation of multi-operational technological modules, adaptive to changing environment, provided with means of automation control and management given quality of implementation technological operations with minimal expenses of energy resources. Keywords: agriculture, ecologization, material and technical base, directions of development.

scholarly journals Climatic conditions for crop production in Nordic countries

1998 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arne Oddvar Skjelvåg
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Growth Index ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Nordic Countries ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Yield Level ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Moisture Conditions

Climate is today a more determinant factor for yield level than it was in the past, when soil fertility was more important. The regional variation in radiation during the growing season in Nordic countries is less than that in temperature conditions. A combined plant growth-related index of these climatic factors accumulated during the growing season decreased from an annual value of 106 at 56°N (Ødum, East Jutland) to about 90, 60 and 44 at 60°N, 67°N and 70°N, respectively. The difference between coastal areas in Norway and the Finnish interior was either negligible or about 10% in disfavour of the coast at 67°N. When the moisture conditions of an imaginary pasture crop on a sandy soil were taken into account, the combined accumulated growth index of radiation, temperature and soil moisture was 71 at Ødum. On the Norwegian coast, the values were 72, 49 and 37, whilst in Finland, up to northeastern Norway, they were 56, 43 and 35 at 60°N, 67°N and 70°N, respectively. Plant production potential may be directly related to the accumulated growth index.

scholarly journals Using sensors in precision crop production

2012 ◽  
pp. 267-270
Author(s):  
Rezső Schmidt ◽  
Barbara Mogyorósi ◽  
István Gergely
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Nitrogen Supply ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Plant Analysis

Proper plant nutrition that takes into consideration both the requirements of plants and ecological conditions is one of the most important precondition of successful plant production. An important element of the N-fertilization of wheat is that the optimum zone of nitrogen supply is significantly narrower than that of other plant species, therefore it can easily happen that we apply higher or lower nitrogen doses than the optimal one. A possible solution to this problem can be precision agriculture. Applying the methods of precision agriculture we can take into consideration the heterogeneity of fields. By applying precision methods either online or offline we can intervene faster than if we would rely only on regular soil and plant analysis procedures. The determination of the doses of nitrogen and the timing of application are influenced also environmental andeconomic aspects. The chlorophyll content of the leaves indicates the nitrogen status of plants, since there is a relationship between the nitrogen content and the amount of chlorophyll in the leaves. According to plant analysis results there was a strong and significant relationship between the values of the NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index)and the total nitrogen content measured in the leaves.

Application of Remote Sensing in Agriculture

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Piekarczyk
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Agricultural Crop ◽  
Remote Sensing Methods

AbstractWith increasing intensity of agricultural crop production increases the need to obtain information about environmental conditions in which this production takes place. Remote sensing methods, including satellite images, airborne photographs and ground-based spectral measurements can greatly simplify the monitoring of crop development and decision-making to optimize inputs on agricultural production and reduce its harmful effects on the environment. One of the earliest uses of remote sensing in agriculture is crop identification and their acreage estimation. Satellite data acquired for this purpose are necessary to ensure food security and the proper functioning of agricultural markets at national and global scales. Due to strong relationship between plant bio-physical parameters and the amount of electromagnetic radiation reflected (in certain ranges of the spectrum) from plants and then registered by sensors it is possible to predict crop yields. Other applications of remote sensing are intensively developed in the framework of so-called precision agriculture, in small spatial scales including individual fields. Data from ground-based measurements as well as from airborne or satellite images are used to develop yield and soil maps which can be used to determine the doses of irrigation and fertilization and to take decisions on the use of pesticides.

scholarly journals The Influence of Opencast Lignite Mining Dehydration on Plant Production—A Methodological Study

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1917
Author(s):  
Benedykt Pepliński ◽  
Wawrzyniec Czubak
Keyword(s):  
Brown Coal ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
External Costs ◽  
Opencast Mines ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Potato Yields ◽  
Burning Coal ◽  
Depression Cone ◽  
The Cost

In many circles, brown coal continues to be viewed as a cheap source of energy, resulting in numerous investments in new opencast brown coal mines. Such a perception of brown coal energy is only possible if the external costs associated with mining and burning coal are not considered. In past studies, external cost analysis has focused on the external costs of coal burning and associated emissions. This paper focuses on the extraction phase and assesses the external costs to agriculture associated with the resulting depression cone. This paper discusses the difficulties researchers face in estimating agricultural losses resulting from the development of a depression cone due to opencast mineral extraction. In the case of brown coal, the impacts are of a geological, natural-climatic, agricultural-productive, temporal, and spatial nature and result from a multiplicity of interacting factors. Then, a methodology for counting external costs in crop production was proposed. The next section estimates the external costs of crop production arising from the operation of opencast mines in the Konin-Turek brown coal field, which is located in central Poland. The analyses conducted showed a large decrease in grain and potato yields and no effect of the depression cone on sugar beet levels. Including the estimated external costs in the cost of producing electricity from mined brown coal would significantly worsen the profitability of that production.

scholarly journals Economics of autonomous equipment for arable farms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Lowenberg-DeBoer ◽  
Kit Franklin ◽  
Karl Behrendt ◽  
Richard Godwin
Keyword(s):  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Crop Agriculture

AbstractBy collecting more data at a higher resolution and by creating the capacity to implement detailed crop management, autonomous crop equipment has the potential to revolutionise precision agriculture (PA), but unless farmers find autonomous equipment profitable it is unlikely to be widely adopted. The objective of this study was to identify the potential economic implications of autonomous crop equipment for arable agriculture using a grain-oilseed farm in the United Kingdom as an example. The study is possible because the Hands Free Hectare (HFH) demonstration project at Harper Adams University has produced grain with autonomous equipment since 2017. That practical experience showed the technical feasibility of autonomous grain production and provides parameters for farm-level linear programming (LP) to estimate farm management opportunities when autonomous equipment is available. The study shows that arable crop production with autonomous equipment is technically and economically feasible, allowing medium size farms to approach minimum per unit production cost levels. The ability to achieve minimum production costs at relatively modest farm size means that the pressure to “get big or get out” will diminish. Costs of production that are internationally competitive will mean reduced need for government subsidies and greater independence for farmers. The ability of autonomous equipment to achieve minimum production costs even on small, irregularly shaped fields will improve environmental performance of crop agriculture by reducing pressure to remove hedges, fell infield trees and enlarge fields.

scholarly journals Augmenting Crop Detection for Precision Agriculture with Deep Visual Transfer Learning—A Case Study of Bale Detection

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Wei Zhao ◽  
William Yamada ◽  
Tianxin Li ◽  
Matthew Digman ◽  
Troy Runge
Keyword(s):  
Object Detection ◽  
Transfer Learning ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Domain Adaptation ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Detection Accuracy ◽  
Detection Model ◽  
Agriculture Products

In recent years, precision agriculture has been researched to increase crop production with less inputs, as a promising means to meet the growing demand of agriculture products. Computer vision-based crop detection with unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-acquired images is a critical tool for precision agriculture. However, object detection using deep learning algorithms rely on a significant amount of manually prelabeled training datasets as ground truths. Field object detection, such as bales, is especially difficult because of (1) long-period image acquisitions under different illumination conditions and seasons; (2) limited existing prelabeled data; and (3) few pretrained models and research as references. This work increases the bale detection accuracy based on limited data collection and labeling, by building an innovative algorithms pipeline. First, an object detection model is trained using 243 images captured with good illimitation conditions in fall from the crop lands. In addition, domain adaptation (DA), a kind of transfer learning, is applied for synthesizing the training data under diverse environmental conditions with automatic labels. Finally, the object detection model is optimized with the synthesized datasets. The case study shows the proposed method improves the bale detecting performance, including the recall, mean average precision (mAP), and F measure (F1 score), from averages of 0.59, 0.7, and 0.7 (the object detection) to averages of 0.93, 0.94, and 0.89 (the object detection + DA), respectively. This approach could be easily scaled to many other crop field objects and will significantly contribute to precision agriculture.

scholarly journals Temporal stability of electrical conductivity in a sandy soil

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aura Pedrera-Parrilla ◽  
Eric C. Brevik ◽  
Juan V. Giráldez ◽  
Karl Vanderlinden
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Temporal Stability ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Soil Spatial Variability

Abstract Understanding of soil spatial variability is needed to delimit areas for precision agriculture. Electromagnetic induction sensors which measure the soil apparent electrical conductivity reflect soil spatial variability. The objectives of this work were to see if a temporally stable component could be found in electrical conductivity, and to see if temporal stability information acquired from several electrical conductivity surveys could be used to better interpret the results of concurrent surveys of electrical conductivity and soil water content. The experimental work was performed in a commercial rainfed olive grove of 6.7 ha in the ‘La Manga’ catchment in SW Spain. Several soil surveys provided gravimetric soil water content and electrical conductivity data. Soil electrical conductivity values were used to spatially delimit three areas in the grove, based on the first principal component, which represented the time-stable dominant spatial electrical conductivity pattern and explained 86% of the total electrical conductivity variance. Significant differences in clay, stone and soil water contents were detected between the three areas. Relationships between electrical conductivity and soil water content were modelled with an exponential model. Parameters from the model showed a strong effect of the first principal component on the relationship between soil water content and electrical conductivity. Overall temporal stability of electrical conductivity reflects soil properties and manifests itself in spatial patterns of soil water content.

scholarly journals Water Scarcity and Sustainability in an Emerging Economy: A Management Perspective for Future

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
Dianxi Zhang ◽  
Muhammad Safdar Sial ◽  
Naveed Ahmad ◽  
António José Filipe ◽  
Phung Anh Thu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Water Crisis ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Global Issue ◽  
Management Perspective ◽  
Emergency Measures

Water scarcity is rising as a global issue, because the planet earth is facing a global water crisis, which is considered something that can destroy environmental sustainability of our planet. The fact is that humanity’s demand is depleting natural resources faster than nature can replenish itself; if human habits and unsustainable use of water resources do not change, water scarcity will inevitably intensify and become a major cause of conflict among different nations of the world. The water scarcity issue is a crucial issue but unfortunately it has not received due attention in past. Pakistan, which once was a water abundant country, now facing a situation of water scarcity. Pakistan has a poor irrigation system which results 60% loss of its water; Pakistan uses more water for crop production than other countries. Likewise, the country harvests water from rainfall, rivers, snow, and glaciers. The country is facing a serious water crisis that is caused by different factors, such as changing climatic conditions, rising population, poor irrigation system, poor political will, and rapid urbanization. The water crisis of Pakistan is expected to worsen in coming years. This is a drastic situation which calls for emergency measures. With this background, the present study provides a detailed view of the water situation in the country with challenges to water management. The study also suggests some recommendations for policymakers to improve the water crisis situation in the future.

Automated system for monitoring the navigation equipment state as a means of information support

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. L. Martynov ◽  
I. O. Shcherbakova ◽  
I. L. Skripnik ◽  
Yu. G. Ksenofontov ◽  
T. T. Kaverzneva
Keyword(s):  
Automated System ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Equipment State ◽  
Navigation Equipment
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