scholarly journals Studying agronomic characters in new millet accessions from the VIR collection at Yekaterinino Experiment Station of VIR

2021 ◽  
Vol 182 (4) ◽  
pp. 48-60
Author(s):  
T. V. Kulemina
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Panicum Miliaceum ◽  
Agronomic Characters ◽  
Biological Features ◽  
Experiment Station ◽  
Local Cultivar ◽  
Research Material

Background. Adding new plant varieties to the VIR collection is an important effort to preserve the diversity of worldwide bioresources. The millet collection at VIR is formed through the study of acquired accessions, aimed at identification of biological features that have emerged under certain conditions. Such germplasm may be recommended for use in breeding practice. Studying new accessions makes it possible to predict long-term development of the collection.Materials and methods. The study was carried out at Yekaterinino Experiment Station of VIR, Tambov Province, in 2017–2019. New millet accessions added to the VIR collection served as the research material. The study was based on the descriptors and guidelines for Panicum miliaceum L. developed at VIR.Results and conclusions. An assessment was made for such agronomic characters as the growing season, plant height, grain size, grain yield, and resistance to bacteria. The identified accessions exceeded the reference (cv. ‘Gorlinka’) in a number of traits. Earliness was observed in k-10479 (‘Dozh’), k-10481 (‘Zapadnoye’), k-10324, k-10325, k-10478 (‘Nizhnevolzhskoye’), k-10275 (‘Kvartet’), k-10306 (‘Volga 59’), k-10322 (‘Soyuz’), k-10473 (‘Yarkoye 120’), and k-10474 (‘Kavkazskiye zori’). Low plant height was recorded for k-888, k-10324, k-10306, k-10474, k-10479, k-10326, k-10481, and k-10480 (‘Kamyshenskoye’). Large grain size was shown by k-888, k-10325, k-10306, k-10324, k-10479, k-10475 (local), k-10322, k-10473, k-10480, and k-10481. High grain yields under the conditions of the Central Black Earth Region of Russia were demonstrated by the accessions from Belarus (cv. ‘Zapadnoye’, k-10481) and from Chelyabinsk Province (local cultivar, k-888). Medium and strong resistance to bacterial pathogens was observed in k-888, k-10275, k-10473, k-10474, k-10324, and k-10325. The selected accessions can serve as source material for the development of new millet cultivars.

Long-term experimentally deepened snow decreases growing-season respiration in a low- and high-arctic tundra ecosystem

2016 ◽  
Vol 121 (5) ◽  
pp. 1236-1248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp R. Semenchuk ◽  
Casper T. Christiansen ◽  
Paul Grogan ◽  
Bo Elberling ◽  
Elisabeth J. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Growing Season ◽  
Arctic Tundra ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Tundra Ecosystem

Walleye (Stizostedion vitreum vitreum) and Yellow Perch (Perca flavescens) Populations and Fisheries of the Red Lakes, Minnesota, 1930–75

1977 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 1774-1783 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lloyd L. Smith Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Yellow Perch ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Perca Flavescens ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Commercial Fishery ◽  
Class Strength ◽  
Parent Stock ◽  
Catch Statistics

In an investigation of the commercial fishery of Red Lakes, Minnesota, for the 46-yr period 1930–75, catch statistics were analyzed, and the dynamics of the perch and walleye populations were examined. Mean annual yields of walleye for two statistical periods, 1930–53 and 1954–75, were 309,900 and 245,100 kg, respectively for walleyes, and 96,400 and 109,500 kg for perch. Annual abundance (CPE based on average catches per day per 5-net units of gill nets) varied from 3.8 to 64.6 kg for walleye, and from 2.5 to 34.4 kg for perch. Causes of fluctuations in harvestable stock were directly related to strength of year-classes and to growth rate during the season of capture. Year-class strength was not related to the abundance of parent stock or of potential predators. The respective strengths of year-classes of perch and walleye in the same year were positively correlated (r = 0.859, P < 0.01), and are directly related to climatic factors. Growth rate of walleye in different calendar years varied from +30.7 to −42.2% of mean growth, and that of perch from +13.4 to −8.6% (1941–56). Growing season began in mid-June and was almost over by September 1. Walleye yield could be enhanced by starting harvest July 1 instead of early June. Perch yield could be improved by harvesting small perch. Key words: Percidae, Perca, population dynamics, Stizostedion, long-term yield

A High Effective and Low-Cost Modifier for Hypereutectic Al-Si Alloys

2013 ◽  
Vol 721 ◽  
pp. 282-286
Author(s):  
Guang Hui Qi
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Master Alloy ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Environment Pollution ◽  
Casting Method ◽  
Good Future ◽  
Primary Si ◽  
Average Grain Size ◽  
Master Alloys

In order to settle environment pollution and provide a high effective and low-cost modifier for refining the primary Si in hypereutectic Al-Si alloys, Al-Fe-P master alloys containing 2.0~5.0% phosphorus have been invented by casting method. The Al-Fe-P master alloys can be conveniently produced and an excellent modification can be obtained by adding 0.3~0.8wt% Al-Fe-P master alloy in Al-Si alloys containing 12%-25% Si at a relatively lower modifying temperature. The number of primary Si increases obviously and the average grain size of primary Si decreases largely, less than 50μm. Furthermore Al-Fe-P master alloys have many advantages, such as low cost, convenient operation technology, no pollution, stable and long-term modification effect, easy storage and etc. Al-Fe-P master alloys have overcome the shortages of current modifier and have a good future for hypereutectic Al-Si alloy modification.

scholarly journals Effect of Planting Date and Gibberellic Acid on the Growth and Yield of Garlic

2010 ◽  
pp. 132-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Islam ◽  
MH Reza ◽  
SMAHM Kamal ◽  
MA Wazed ◽  
KM Islam
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Planting Time ◽  
Local Cultivar ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Bulb Yield

An experiment was conducted with a local cultivar of garlic to study the effects of planting date and gibberellic acid on the growth and yield of garlic at the field laboratory of the Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during November 2001 to April 2002. Early planting influenced the plant height, leaf number, bulb diameter and total dry matter. With the delay in planting time starting from November 7, the yield was chronologically reduced in later plantings. Significantly the highest bulb yield (2.67 t/ha) was recorded when planting was done on November 7 and lowest yield (0.92 t/ha) was obtained from December 22 planted crop. Bulb yield was higher in control plants than those of GA3 treated plants. The interaction effects of planting date and different concentrations of GA3 differed significantly in respect of plant height, number of leaves, bulb diameter and dry weight of roots, leaves and bulbs and yield of garlic.

scholarly journals Productivity, quality and efficiency of spring durum wheat cultivation when treating crops with a biological product

2021 ◽  
Vol 845 (1) ◽  
pp. 012026
Author(s):  
V A Sergeeva ◽  
A A Muravyov ◽  
L M Vlasova
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Direct Proportion ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Biological Product ◽  
Grain Processing ◽  
Wheat Cultivation ◽  
Control Variant

Abstract The production experiments were carried out based on the farm “Yaroslav the Wise” of the Starooskol district of the Belgorod region. The article studies the effect of the biological product Biogor KM during the pre-sowing treatment of grain in combination with double spraying of growing plants of spring durum wheat Dar Chernozemya 2. One of the experiments provides for grain processing with the period of “germination-ripening” of its wheat plants reduced by 8 days. The second variant, in addition to processing the grain, had two sprayings carried out during the growing season. The second experiment lasted even less by 12 days in comparison with the control variant. The article establishes the positive influence of the biological product on the formation of the productivity structure of spring durum wheat plants. Grain processing in combination with spraying during the growing season led to the formation of the best productivity structure: plant height was 39% higher, the number of spikelets was 41.8% higher, the number of spikelets was higher by 35.3%, and the grain weight per spike was 39.2%. versus the control variant. The yield in the experiment was in direct proportion to the method of application of the biological product and the conditions of the growing season. The largest increase in yield - 0.40 t / ha or 14.5% was obtained in the variant with grain processing in combination with double spraying of plants during the growing season, the average yield for the studied period was 3.14 t / ha and was maximum, indicators of economic and bioenergy efficiency was also the best.

scholarly journals Методы оценки продуктивности представителей рода эхинацея (Echinacea Moench) прегенеративного периода онтогенеза

2013 ◽  
pp. 24-30
Author(s):  
С. В. Поспелов
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Input Data ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Echinacea Purpurea ◽  
System Productivity ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Purple Coneflower ◽  
Echinacea Pallida ◽  
First Time

За багаторічними дослідженнями ехінацеї пурпурової (Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench,) сорту Зірка Миколи Вавилова та ехінацеї блідої (Echinacea pallida (Nutt.) Nutt.) сорту Красуня Прерій вперше розроблені й запатентовані методи визначення продуктивності рослин прегенеративного періоду онтогенезу. Методики засновані на регресійних моделях із високими коефіцієнтами детермінації, на підставі яких можна без пошкодження рослин провести оцінку продуктивності надземної частини та кореневої системи протягом веґетаційного періоду. Вихідними даними для розрахунків слугують показники довжини і ширини листковоїпластинки, їх кількість, а також сума температур вище 5 0С і кількість діб від сівби. On the basis of long-term researches of Purple Coneflower (Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench) variety «Zirka Mykoly Vavylova» and Pale Coneflower (Echinacea pallida (Nutt.) variety «Krasunja Preriy» for the first time ever there were developed and patented the methods for determining the efficiency of plants in pregenesic period of ontogeny. The foundation of methodology was made on the studies of regression models with high coefficients of determination which allow to make the estimation of aerial parts and root system productivity for the whole growing season without damaging the plants. The input data for the calculation are the indicators of the length and width of the leaf blade, the amount and the sum of temperatures above + 5 ºC and the number of days from sowing.

scholarly journals From sink to source: long-term (2002-2019) trends and anomalies in net ecosystem exchange of CO2 from a Scottish temperate peatland.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Hei-Laan Yeung ◽  
Carole Helfter ◽  
Neil Mullinger ◽  
Mhairi Coyle ◽  
Eiko Nemitz
Keyword(s):  
Water Table ◽  
Ecosystem Respiration ◽  
Net Ecosystem Exchange ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Water Table Depth ◽  
Sink Strength ◽  
Summer Drought ◽  
C Cycle ◽  
Dry Spell

&lt;p&gt;Peatlands North of 45&amp;#730; represent one of the largest terrestrial carbon (C) stores. They play an important role in the global C-cycle, and their ability to sequester carbon is controlled by multiple, often competing, factors including precipitation, temperature and phenology. Land-atmosphere exchange of carbon dioxide (CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) is dynamic, and exhibits marked seasonal and inter-annual variations which can effect the overall carbon sink strength in both the short- and long-term.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Due to increased incidences of climate anomalies in recent years, long-term datasets are essential to disambiguate natural variability in Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) from shorter-term fluctuations. This is particularly important at high latitudes (&gt;45&amp;#730;N) where the majority of global peatlands are found. With increasing pressure from stressors such as climate and land-use change, it has been predicted that with a ca. 3&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C global temperature rise by 2100, UK peatlands could become a net source of C.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;NEE of CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; has been measured using the eddy-covariance (EC) method at Auchencorth Moss (55&amp;#176;47&amp;#8217;32 N, 3&amp;#176;14&amp;#8217;35 W, 267 m a.s.l.), a temperate, lowland, ombrotrophic peatland in central Scotland, continuously since 2002. Alongside EC data, we present a range of meteorological parameters measured at site including soil temperature, total solar and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), rainfall, and, since April 2007, half-hourly water table depth readings. The length of record and range of measurements make this dataset an important resource as one of the longest term records of CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; fluxes from a temperate peatland.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Although seasonal cycles of gross primary productivity (GPP) were highly variable between years, the site was a consistent CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; sink for the period 2002-2012. However, net annual losses of CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; have been recorded on several occasions since 2013. Whilst NEE tends to be positively correlated with the length of growing season, anomalies in winter weather also explain some of the variability in CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; sink strength the following summer.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Additionally, water table depth (WTD) plays a crucial role, affecting both GPP and ecosystem respiration (R&lt;sub&gt;eco&lt;/sub&gt;). Relatively dry summers in recent years have contributed to shifting the balance between R&lt;sub&gt;eco&lt;/sub&gt; and GPP: prolonged periods of low WTD were typically accompanied by an increase in R&lt;sub&gt;eco&lt;/sub&gt;, and a decrease in GPP, hence weakening the overall CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; sink strength. Extreme events such as drought periods and cold winter temperatures can have significant and complex effects on NEE, particularly when such meteorological anomalies co-occur. For example, a positive annual NEE occurred in 2003 when Europe experienced heatwave and summer drought. More recently, an unusually long spell of snow lasting until the end of March delayed the onset of the 2018 growing season by up to 1.5 months compared to previous years. This was followed by a prolonged dry spell in summer 2018, which weakened GPP, increased R&lt;sub&gt;eco&lt;/sub&gt; and led to a net annual loss of 47.4 ton CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;-C km&lt;sup&gt;-2&lt;/sup&gt;. It is clear that the role of Northern peatlands within the carbon cycle is being modified, driven by changes in climate at both local and global scales.&lt;/p&gt;

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