scholarly journals Rentierism effect on the democratic choice of the state In Iraq after 2003

2019 ◽  
pp. 45-82
Author(s):  
أ.د.عبد الجبار احمد عبد الله ◽  
أ.م.د.كاظم علي مهدي
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
The State ◽  
Linguistic Meaning ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
The Will ◽  
Human Effort ◽  
Per Capita

The linguistic meaning of the verse in the Arabic dictionaries applies very much to the reality of rent and its effect. This is true of economic growth as a continuous increase in real per capita income in addition to the same thing. Therefore, development does not necessarily achieve a comprehensive and structural increase of the various economic sectors. As the rent came in the sense of a terrible land open Maim any fertilized. And the camel is a ma'aya and a ra'i: that is, it goes in the pasture and returns itself. This is similar to the extraction of oil after it is ready for investment and earn its revenue as soon as it exists or is extracted by external parties. If the rent is first linked to agriculture, especially the fertile land that produces the most, and the animal wealth is also a source of the increase, ie the increase resulting from the fertility of animals, especially camels. Hence, several concepts are crystallized, first of which is the multiplication that is not linked to an effort. Fertility of land or camels is not the result of human effort, but of divine power beyond the will of man, crystallizing the divine credit. The rent is also in the sense of the way () in the verse  

scholarly journals ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF ECONOMIC GROWTH ON INEQUALITY IN INDIA

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-8
Author(s):  
Furqan Ali ◽  
Mohammad Asif
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
The State ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Short Period ◽  
The World ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Impact

The rate of economic growth in India fluctuates with the world economic scenario. The developed countries being economically stable and highly advanced by technology, like U.S.A, France, Germany, Japan, and China faced the problem of economic crises. At the same time, the world comes to fluctuate their efficiency and empowerment to the leadership engagement in stabilizing the economy. In this paper, data taken from the Indian States as per capita income at the state level and compare it with all India average data. The Net State Domestic Product Per Capita Income (NSDPPCI), had taken on a current price for the short period 2011-2012 to 2016-2017. This paper compared the regional variation in state performance and compared the most riches states to inferior ones. The factors which affect economic performance are like stabilize the political stability in the state. We also focus comparison on the different political party announcements of the welfare scheme for the farmers and other poor people living in these states. Another factor like the level of education at states and center level, total population, and its growth rate, the public expenditure on the health sector. We measure income inequality, income distribution with the economic growth of India. KEYWORDS: Economic Growth; Inequality; Income Distribution; Political Stability.

scholarly journals Decentralization and Its Impact on Growth in India

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-151
Author(s):  
Fernanda Andrade de Xavier ◽  
Aparna P. Lolayekar ◽  
Pranab Mukhopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Capital Expenditure ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Reverse Causality ◽  
Social Expenditure ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
National Growth

We study the effect of revenue decentralization (RD) and expenditure decentralization (ED) on sub-national growth in India from 1981–1982 to 2015–2016 for 14 large (non-special-category) states. Our study provides evidence that both RD and ED play a defining role in India’s sub-national growth in this three-and-a-half-decade period. We use a panel data model with fixed effects (FE) and Driscoll and Kraay standard errors that control for heteroscedasticity, autocorrelation and cross-sectional dependence. To test for causality between growth and decentralization, we use the Granger non-causality test. The regression analysis is supplemented with the distribution dynamics approach. We find that: (a) While decentralization Granger-caused economic growth, the reverse causality effect of growth on decentralization was not significant; (b) Economic growth increased significantly after liberalization; (c) Decentralization, capital expenditure and social expenditure had significant positive impacts on economic growth; and (d) States that had high levels of decentralization also had high levels of per capita income, while states that had low decentralization also exhibited low per capita income.

scholarly journals Analysis of per capita revenue in catarinian municipalities according to net current revenue

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Zolet ◽  
Gilvane Scheren ◽  
Celso Galante
Keyword(s):  
Capita Income ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Policies ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Significant Discrepancy ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Public Revenue

Purpose: The objective of this research was to identify the per capita income in the municipalities of Santa Catarina based on Net Current Revenue and the relation between own revenues, transfers with the capacity of each municipality. Methodology: The present study, with regard to the objectives as descriptive, as it seeks to analyze public revenue per capita, analogous to procedures is characterized as documentary, since it makes possible, from the published reports, in relation to the approach to the problem, as quantitative research, using values ​​and their correlations. The period under analysis comprises the years 2015 and 2016. The sample consists of 295 municipalities in Santa Catarina. Results: The results show that, in the stratification and analysis, the Per Capita Net Current Revenue by size of Municipality, to which the larger municipalities have, proportionally, a better distribution of the municipal collection, which culminates in a greater capacity to cope with the demands social policies. On average, the per capita net current revenue of the municipalities of Catarinenses in the years 2015 and 2016 was R $ 3,332.61, with a variation between the minimum and maximum per capita income of R $ 1,377.24 and R $ 8,055.16, which shows a significant discrepancy between the analyzed municipalities. Contributions of the Study: Considering the values received by the municipalities of Santa Catarina, the research sought to demonstrate and clarify the influence of values received from the Union and the State for investment and maintenance of activities, depending on the population and size of each municipality.the planning and funding of resources for the benefit of the population.

Poverty issues, including the working poverty in Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 2294-2312
Author(s):  
Tat'yana A. ZHURAVLEVA ◽  
Anastasiya E. ZUBANOVA ◽  
Yuliya S. SOROKVASHINA
Keyword(s):  
Capita Income ◽  
The State ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Structural Problems ◽  
Subsistence Minimum ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
A Chain ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Working Poverty ◽  
The Impact

Subject. The poverty of the population with all features and factors of its manifestation causes deep structural problems that affect the development of the national economy. Objectives. The aim of the study is a comprehensive analysis of the poverty of the population category, using statistical data, identification of causes of the gap in the level of salaries of Russian and foreign specialists, determination of factors that have the greatest impact on the development of working poverty in Russia. Methods. The study draws on methods of logical and statistical analysis. Results. We considered approaches to the definition of poverty in Russia and other countries, analyzed absolute and relative poverty in Russia, the impact of subsistence minimum on the definition of poverty, assessed nominal and real incomes of the population. The ratio of the average per capita income of the population and the subsistence minimum decreased over the past decade, however, the poverty was not overcome during this period. The per capita income in Russia turned out to be low, real incomes continue to decline. Due to the ongoing coronavirus pandemic, a decline in wages can be traced, both in space and in time. Conclusions. Worsening the poverty situation in the country creates a chain of problems related to the distrust of the State policy in the social and labor spheres, expanded production slowdown, an increase in social tension in the society. A reduction of working poverty should be a priority task for the State.

NON-LINEAR EFFECTS OF TERRORISM ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN PAKISTAN: ACCOUNTING FOR CAPITAL PER WORKER AND STRUCTURAL BREAKS

2019 ◽  
pp. 1950014
Author(s):  
RONALD RAVINESH Kumar ◽  
SYED JAWAD HUSSAIN SHAHZAD ◽  
PETER JOSEF STAUVERMANN ◽  
NIKEEL Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Structural Breaks ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Capital Share ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Per Capita

In this study, we examine the asymmetric effects of terrorism and economic growth in Pakistan over the period 1970–2016, while considering the role of capital per worker and structural breaks. We use the non-linear ARDL approach to establish the long-run association and to estimate the short-run and long-run effects accordingly. The results indicate the presence of asymmetries in both long and short run. Moreover, 1% decrease in terrorism results in an increase of per capita income by 0.02% in the long run and 0.001% in the short run. Assuming symmetry, the long run capital share is 0.47. In asymmetric relation, a 1% increase in capital share increases output by 0.55%, whereas a 1% decrease in capital stock decreases output by 0.26%. The break effects show that the years 1993 and 2004 have negative effects on growth. The vector error correction model-based causality results indicate a unidirectional causality from terrorism to per capita income. Overall, the results highlight that terrorism is growth retarding.

scholarly journals DAYA SAING EKONOMI PROVINSI JAMBI

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-76
Author(s):  
Sudirman Sudirman ◽  
Susilawati Susilawati
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Type I ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Rate Of Growth ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Typology Analysis ◽  
The City

In this study, we want to see the economic basis and pattern of economic structure in JambiProvince, This study uses secondary data, namely Jambi Provisional PDRB and 11 municipaldistricts in Jambi province in 2010 - 2017 in this study to see the basis of the economy and the mixof economic sectors in Jambi province using the LQ model and the classification typology. Theresults of this study indicate that from the results of the classic typology analysis, it can be seen thatthe patterns and structure of economic growth from 9 districts and 2 cities in Jambi Province, WestTanjung Jabung and East Tanjung Jabung districts are classified into Quadrant III decliningprosperous regions (potential to be left behind ), which means that the rate of growth and incomeper capita of Tanjung Jabung Barat district is higher than the per capita income of Jambi Provinceand the growth rate of Tanjung Jabung Barat district is lower than the rate of growth of JambiProvince. Whereas the City of Full Sei is classified into the prospereus quadrant type I area whichmeans that the per capita income of Sei Full City is greater than the income of the Perkapita ofJambi Province and the growth rate of the city of Full Sei is greater than the Growth Rate in JambiProvince.

scholarly journals UKURAN PASAR UKURAN PASAR (Market Size) DAN INVESTASI ASING LANGSUNG DI ASEAN

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Adi Lumadya
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Foreign Investment ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Direct Foreign Investment ◽  
Market Size ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Variable Size ◽  
Per Capita

The main objective of this study was to examine the influence of some economic variables that include market size proxied with income per capita, economic growth, and exports to the Foreign Direct Investment in the member countries of ASEAN-9. The analytical tool used is the Least Squares Regression (Ordinary Least Square) and Panel Data. In the Data Panel will look for similarities in effect is Fixed (Fixed Effect) and the effect is Random (Random Effect). The results of the analysis are: Based on the analysis of OLS concluded that the variable size of the market (market size) were proxied with Per Capita Income (GDPP), Economic Growth (EG), and exports (EG) significantly affects the Direct Foreign Investment. Based on the analysis of Panel Data with Fixed Effect Method concluded that the variable size of the market (market size) were represented with per capita income (GDP), Economic Growth (EG), and exports (EG) significantly affects the Direct Foreign Investment. Based on the analysis of Panel Data with Random Effect method concluded that the variable size of the market (market size) were proxied with per capita income (GDP), Economic Growth (EG), and exports (EG) significantly affects the Direct Foreign Investment. Keywords: Foreign Direct Investment, Fixed Effect, Random Effect

Geo-epidemiology and socioeconomic aspects of human sporotrichosis in the municipality of Duque de Caxias, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, between 2007 and 2016

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia L C Alzuguir ◽  
Sandro A Pereira ◽  
Mônica A F M Magalhães ◽  
Rodrigo Almeida-Paes ◽  
Dayvison F S Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Capita Income ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
The State ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sanitation Services ◽  
Sporothrix Brasiliensis ◽  
Basic Sanitation ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Prevalent Species

Abstract Background Sporotrichosis is usually caused by the traumatic inoculation of pathogenic species of fungi of the genus Sporothrix. The most prevalent species in Brazil is Sporothrix brasiliensis, which is generally associated with transmission involving infected cats. Sporotrichosis is hyperendemic in the state of Rio de Janeiro and Duque de Caxias is one of the most affected municipalities. Methods This was a cross-sectional, geo-epidemiological and socioeconomic study of human sporotrichosis in the municipality of Duque de Caxias using geoprocessing information for the construction of thematic maps. Results Eight hundred and twenty-seven cases of sporotrichosis from Duque de Caxias were reported between 2007 and 2016, most of them in women from 25-59 years. The most affected areas had low per capita income and scarce supply of treated water. Human sporotrichosis expanded throughout the territory of the municipality over time. Conclusions An increase in both the number of reported cases and their spatial distribution occurred throughout the studied decade. The concentration of the disease was more intense in areas with greater vulnerability of the population, expressed by low per capita income and deficient provision of basic sanitation services. Sporotrichosis requires measures to better control the disease in Duque de Caxias and in the state of Rio de Janeiro.

Economic Growth in France and Britain, 1830–1910: A Review of the Evidence

1984 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. F. R. Crafts
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Unusual Pattern ◽  
Per Capita

Recent revisionist treatments of nineteenth-century French economic growth are examined and reveal that the pattern of economic growth in France was indeed substantially different from the unusual pattern in Great Britain. Labor productivity in French industry was probably lower than in Britain, contrary to the claims of O'Brien and Keyder, and neither growth of per capita income nor the level of income in France in 1910 was remarkable. The article thus supports a position between that of early writers and that of the recent revisionists.

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