scholarly journals NEW ISOTOPE-GEOCHEMICAL DATA ON TAVATUM THERMAL WATERS (MAGADANSKAYA OBLAST)

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 104-114
Author(s):  
G.A. Chelnokov ◽  
◽  
I.V. Bragin ◽  
N.A. Kharitonova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Geochemical Data ◽  
Thermal Waters ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Chemical Research ◽  
High Temperature Processes ◽  
Cationic Exchange ◽  
The Impact

The article presents the results of isotope-chemical research of the Tavatum thermal water deposit (coast of the Sea of Okhotsk, Magadanskaya Oblast), as well as surrounding underground and surface waters. For the first time, data on the content of isotopes of oxygen and hydrogen in the underground and surface waters were obtained, and the analysis of trace elements was performed. The results show that the chloride sodium-calcium mesohalinous thermal waters of the Tavatum deposit are atmogenic; two processes can be considered as the main processes of the chemical composition formation: 1) involvement of deep brines (including cryopeg waters) and 2) cationic exchange in the interaction of sea waters (buried during marine transgressions in the Holocene) with rocks. In the chemical composition of thermal waters, there are indicator chemical elements reflecting the impact of deep high-temperature processes. The temperature of the deep fluid estimated by different geothermometers is 117 to 128°C, and the depth of formation is at least three kilometers.

scholarly journals Optimization of chemical composition of steel for gearweels of agricultural industry engineering

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 123-129
Author(s):  
O. Ye. Semenovskyi ◽  
◽  
L. L. Titova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Mechanical Engineering ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Agricultural Industry ◽  
Hardening Process ◽  
Chemical Composition Of Steel ◽  
Processing Optimization ◽  
The Impact

Development of new steels in mechanical engineering to create alloys with predetermined properties that can minimize material and labor costs during their processing. Optimization of the chemical composition of the alloy based on the analysis of the impact of complex alloying on the structure and consequently on the manufacturability of steel. This will reduce the level of internal intensities in the heat treatment process. Based on the analysis of existing trends in mechanical engineering, it is established that the complexity of modern parts of gearweels imposes on the material increasing technological requirements for stamping, machinability, weldability, hardenability, cementation and gouging in the hardening process which explains the need for alloying steel via a certain group of chemical elements. The influence of different compositions of steels for gearweels on the level of internal intensities occurring in parts during heat treatment is studied. The optimal composition of complex-alloyed cementing steel is established.

scholarly journals Effect of chemical composition on the performance of centrifugally cast indefinite chilled cast iron rolls

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radiy Kh. Gimaletdinov ◽  
Andrey A. Gulakov ◽  
Ildar Kh. Tukhvatulin
Keyword(s):  
Cast Iron ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Chemical Element ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Dual Function ◽  
Layer Material ◽  
Working Layer ◽  
Finishing Mill ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Chilled Cast Iron

Problem Statement (Relevance): An urgent task of rolling mill operators includes minimizing the cost of manufactured products while ensuring the required quality. To accomplish the task, measures are being taken to optimize the rolling process aimed at increasing the duration of the rolling campaigns and reducing the number of roll regrinds. The performance of the rolls is influenced by the properties of the working layer material which determine wear resistance, formation and development of fire cracks, as well as resistance to metal sticking. Finishing mill rolls dictate the surface quality of the rolled steel. That is why it is important to make timely regrinds in order to completely remove the fire crack layer. The removal depth and the acceptable duration of the campaigns depend on the properties of the roll working layer material. To improve the properties of the rolls, the roll manufacturers need the actual roll operation data to be able to analyze how the chemical composition and the structure of the roll working layer is related to the roll performance. Such analysis will help improve the structure and properties of the materials used, as well as develop new ones. Objectives: The objective of this research is to understand how the chemical composition of the working layer of indefinite chilled cast iron rolls used in finishing mills dictates the roll performance, to evaluate the effect of each chemical element, and to determine what concentrations of the chemical elements could most effectively benefit the performance of indefinite chilled cast iron rolls. Methods Applied: The methods applied include building a database of the finishing mill indefinite chilled cast iron rolls and using artificial neural networks based on a dual-function algorithm. Originality: The authors built a neuromodel which can help understand the effect of the chemical composition of the roll working layer and predict the performance of indefinite chilled cast iron rolls. The authors studied the effect of carbon, silicon, manganese, chromium, nickel, molybdenum, vanadium, niobium and boron on the performance of indefinite chilled cast iron rolls. Findings: Graphic diagrams were built which demonstrate the effect of each chemical element on the performance of indefinite chilled cast iron rolls at constant concentrations of the remaining elements. The authors looked at the relationship between the chemical elements and the roll performance in terms of the impact of the former on the structure of indefinite chilled cast iron rolls. The effective concentrations of the chemical elements were also determined. Practical Relevance: The authors developed a new chemical composition of indefinite chilled cast iron to be used for the working layer of finishing mill rolls. As a result, a 12–14% increase in the roll performance was achieved.

scholarly journals Integrated processing of ferriferous materials in blank production for mechanical engineering facilities

2020 ◽  
Vol 192 ◽  
pp. 02009
Author(s):  
Valery Predein ◽  
Artyom Popov ◽  
Oleg Komarov ◽  
Sergey Zhilin
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Mechanical Engineering ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Ferrous Metal ◽  
Metal Product ◽  
Metal Phase ◽  
Exothermic Reactions ◽  
Mill Scale ◽  
Integrated Processing ◽  
The Impact

The paper considers the possibility of reducing the use of crude ore for metal product by using aluminothermy, which facilitates effective integrated processing of metal waste generated by engineering and metallurgy facilities in the form of mill scale, ferrous and non-ferrous metal swarf with simultaneous castings production. The paper studies the impact patterns of thermite components ratios on the parameters of extracting chemical elements from the source components, metal phase output and its chemical composition. The possible applications for experimental alloys resulting from controlled exothermic reactions are determined for supplying castings and melting stock to blank production for mechanical engineering facilities.

scholarly journals Chemical composition of soil waters in oil and gas production areas of north of Western Siberia

2020 ◽  
Vol 163 ◽  
pp. 05011
Author(s):  
Marina Opekunova ◽  
Anatoly Opekunov ◽  
Stepan Kukushkin ◽  
Sergey Lisenkov
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Oil And Gas Production ◽  
Industrial Facilities ◽  
The North ◽  
The Impact

This study describes the changes in the chemical composition of soil waters under the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors in the area of development of oil and gas condensate fields in the north of Western Siberia. The concentration of chemical elements (Na, K, Ca, Cu, Zn, Fe, Pb, Cd, Ni, Co, Cr, Ba, Sr, Cd, and Mn) in soils, ground and soil waters was determined. Pollution of soil water and soil is local in nature and it is characteristic of areas located in the immediate vicinity of industrial facilities. A set of indicators is proposed for assessing the transformation of natural complexes under the influence of oil and gas production. The increased pH values, concentrations of petroleum hydrocarbons, nitrates, chlorides, sodium, potassium, calcium, barium, strontium, iron and manganese, as well as zinc, vanadium, cobalt and nickel are observed. In the impact zones in soil waters and soils. Mechanical disturbances of the soil and vegetation cover lead to an increase in defrost, secondary waterlogging and are accompanied by an increase in the migration of chemical elements in the catenary structure of landscapes.

scholarly journals Chemical evolution during the formation of a protoplanetary disk

2020 ◽  
Vol 643 ◽  
pp. A108
Author(s):  
A. Coutens ◽  
B. Commerçon ◽  
V. Wakelam
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Chemical Evolution ◽  
Adaptive Mesh Refinement ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Adaptive Mesh ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Dense Core ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cold Core

Context. The chemical composition of protoplanetary disks is expected to impact the composition of the forming planets. Characterizing the diversity of chemical composition in disks and the physicochemical factors that lead to this diversity is consequently of high interest. Aims. The aim of this study is to investigate the chemical evolution from the prestellar phase to the formation of the disk, and to determine the impact that the chemical composition of the cold and dense core has on the final composition of the disk. Methods. We performed 3D nonideal magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) simulations of a dense core collapse using the adaptive-mesh-refinement RAMSES code. For each particle ending in the young rotationally supported disk, we ran chemical simulations with the three-phase gas-grain chemistry code Nautilus. Two different sets of initial abundances, which are characteristic of cold cores, were considered. The final distributions of the abundances of common species were compared to each other, as well as with the initial abundances of the cold core. Results. We find that the spatial distributions of molecules reflect their sensitivity to the temperature distribution. The main carriers of the chemical elements in the disk are usually the same as the ones in the cold core, except for the S-bearing species, where HS is replaced by H2S3, and the P-bearing species, where atomic P leads to the formation of PO, PN, HCP, and CP. However, the abundances of less abundant species change over time. This is especially the case for “large” complex organic molecules (COMs) such as CH3CHO, CH3NH2, CH3OCH3, and HCOOCH3 which see their abundances significantly increase during the collapse. These COMs often present similar abundances in the disk despite significantly different abundances in the cold core. In contrast, the abundances of many radicals decrease with time. A significant number of species still show the same abundances in the cold core and the disk, which indicates efficient formation of these molecules in the cold core. This includes H2O, H2CO, HNCO, and “small” COMs such as CH3OH, CH3CN, and NH2CHO. We computed the MHD resistivities within the disk for the full gas–grain chemical evolution and find results in qualitative agreement with the literature assuming simpler chemical networks. Conclusions. In conclusion, the chemical content of prestellar cores is expected to affect the chemical composition of disks. The impact is more or less important depending on the type of species. Users of stand-alone chemical models of disks should pay special attention to the initial abundances they choose.

scholarly journals Inferences from geochemical characteristics of the upper part of the Middle Pleistocene interglacial deposits in Lithuania

Baltica ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentinas Baltrūnas ◽  
Bronislavas Karmaza ◽  
Rimantė Zinkutė ◽  
Valentas Katinas ◽  
Stasys Paškauskas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Susceptibility ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Depositional Environment ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Sedimentary Environment ◽  
Geochemical Characteristics ◽  
Middle Pleistocene ◽  
Geochemical Data ◽  
Pollen Zone ◽  
Reference Sections

The study presents geochemical characteristics of deposits from the reference sections of the Middle Pleistocene interglacials: 2 from the Butėnai Interglacial and 2 from the problematic Snaigupėlė Interglacial. Geochemical data (the contents of 29 chemical elements, percentages of sediment components) are related to magnetic susceptibility (MS), bedding, lithology and previous palaeobotanical results. Higher content of carbonates and clay in sections of the Snaigupėlė Interglacial can be explained by warmer climate and calmer depositional environment, though the influence of chemical composition of the provenance and underlying tills is also obvious. The influence of oxic-anoxic sedimentary environment fluctuations on MS and on the separation between P-Fe and S-Mn is demonstrated. Many geochemical differences between deposits from the intervals of the Snaigupėlė-705 borehole and the Snaigupėlė outcrop sections which presumably include pollen zone S6 Carpinus-Quercus enable to speculate that these deposits were formed during different interglacials.

scholarly journals The chemical composition of the nitrogen thermal waters of the balneoclimatic of Khoja-Obi-Garm Spa (Tajikistan)

2017 ◽  
pp. 77-84
Author(s):  
A. Yu. Demonova ◽  
N. A. Kharitonova ◽  
A. V. Korzun ◽  
A. I. Sardorov ◽  
G. A. Chelnokov
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Thermal Water ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Thermal Waters ◽  
Thermal Groundwater ◽  
Thermodynamic Simulations ◽  
The Rare Earth

The paper presents new data on contents of major and micro components from low TDS nitrogen thermal water located within Khoja-Obi-Garm spa (Tajikistan). It was found that these thermal groundwaters contain high contents of the following components: F, Si, Li, Al, Rb, Sr, Cs. Detailed study of the geological and hydrogeological settings of the spa together with thermodynamic simulations allows us reveal sources of chemical elements into these waters. It was carried out the comparison of thermal groundwater from Khoja-Obi-Garm spa with the thermal waters of other regions of Eurasia, also new data on the rare earth elements and yttrium (REY) concentrations in studied thermal water are presented.

Elemental status of the adult able-bodied population of the Republic of Buryatia

2019 ◽  
pp. 308-313
Author(s):  
Inna Yu. Tarmaeva ◽  
Anatoliy V. Skalny ◽  
Olga G. Bogdanova ◽  
Andrey R. Grabeklis ◽  
Alexandr I. Belykh
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
Electrolyte Imbalance ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Elemental Status ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

Introduction.The study of the elemental status of the population of individual regions of the Russian Federation with the purpose of scientific development and implementation of measures for elimination of revealed elementosis is a promising direction for preventive medicine.The aim of the studyis to study the elemental status of the adult able-bodied population of the Republic of Buryatia, which was part of the Siberian Federal district (SFD) until 2018.Materials and methods.The analysis was performed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) on the basis of the accredited laboratory of “Center of biotic medicine”. (Moscow; ISO 9001: 2008 certificate 54Q10077 from 21.05.2010). The content of chemical elements in the hair of 130 adults (102 women and 28 men) aged 25–50 years was studied. This indicator serves as an indicator in assessing the impact of the environment on the human body. Methods of nonparametric statistics were used for mathematical processing of the data.Results.For women living in the Republic of Buryatia, the maximum values of Zn, increased levels of Cu, Li, Si were revealed; for men — the maximum values of Mg, Cr, Si, increased levels of P, Li, Se, V, Pb. Minimum values were found for P, Fe, V. Elemental status indicates a significant degree of prevalence of essential trace element deficiencies and electrolyte imbalance. The obtained data can be used as reference values for the content of chemical elements in the hair of adults living in the Republic of Buryatia.Conclusions:Elemental analysis of the population of the Republic of Buryatia indicates imbalances among the adult working-age population.

Population Study on the Impact Food Chemical Composition on Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Diseases

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 961-964
Author(s):  
Andrei Vasile Olteanu ◽  
Georgiana Emmanuela Gilca Blanariu ◽  
Gheorghe Gh. Balan ◽  
Dana Elena Mitrica ◽  
Elena Gologan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Liver Steatosis ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Major Interest ◽  
The Impact

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become of major interest worldwide, it is estimated that more than 20% of the general population suffer from liver steatosis. NAFLD is highly associated with metabolic risk factors like type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity and dyslipidemia, the patients diagnosed with NAFLD should adopt a high fiber low calorie diet, with reduced saturated fat and carbohydrates content, leading to weight loss and improvement of metabolic profile. Our study is aiming to shape the profile of the patient interested in being informed related to food quality and chemical composition and to evaluate the aspects on the food products label which are important for the customer. Between June 2017 and December 2017, 83 patients diagnosed with NASH were included in the study, representing the study group, while 33 subjects, without metabolic syndrome or digestive diseases, selected from patient list belonging to two general practitioners, constituted the control group. Related to the interest of being informed about the chemical composition and nutritional value of the products bought, the study showed a low interest for the provided information on nutritional value. lack of confidence in the provided information and complexity of the information are understandable, the high number of subject reasoning through lack of immediate clinical benefit is surprising. Among the healthy population the willingness to pay attention to this aspect is extremely low.

Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Bark and Leaf Extracts of Cupressus sempervirens and Juniperus phoenicea Grown in Al- Jabel Al-Akhdar Region, Libya

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 268-279
Author(s):  
Mohamed E.I. Badawy ◽  
Ibrahim E.A. Kherallah ◽  
Ahmed S.O. Mohareb ◽  
Mohamed. Z.M. Salem ◽  
Hameda A. Yousef
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Complex Mixture ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Cupressus Sempervirens ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Juniperus Phoenicea ◽  
The Impact

Background:Plant extracts are important products in the world and have been widely used for isolation of important biologically active products. Because of their significant environmental impact, extensive research has been explored to determine the antimicrobial activity of plant extracts.Methods:Acetone extracts of the bark and leaf of Cupressus sempervirens and Juniperus phoenicea, collected from three different altitudes (125, 391, and 851 m high of sea level) at Al- Jabel Al-Akhdar area, Libya were obtained and analyzed by GC/MS. The antimicrobial activity of the extracts was further evaluated against plant bacteria Rhizobium radiobacter, Erwinia carotovora, Rhodococcus fascians and Ralstonia solanacearum and fungus Botrytis cinerea.Results:The impact of the altitude from the sea level on the quantity and chemical constituents of the extracts was investigated. The yield was largely dependent on tree species and the highest yield (6.50%) was obtained with C. sempervirens L bark of altitude III (851 m of the sea level), while the lowest (1.17%) was obtained with the leaf extract of C. sempervirens L from altitude I (125 m). The chemical composition analyzed by GC/MS confirmed that the leaf extracts of C. sempervirens and J. phoenicea contained a complex mixture of monoterpene hydrocarbons, sesquiterpenes, diterpenes, diterpenoids, terpenophenolic, steroids and phthalates. However, the bark extracts of both trees contained a mixture of sesquiterpenes, diterpenes, diterpenoids, terpenophenolics, phthalates, retinol and steroids. These constituents revealed some variability among the extracts displaying the highest interesting chemotype of totarol (terpenophenolic) in all extracts (14.63-78.19% of the total extract). The extracts displayed a noteworthy antifungal potency with varying degrees of inhibition of growth with EC50 values ranged from 78.50 to 206.90 mg/L. The extracts obtained from the leaves of C. sempervirens showed that the highest inhibitory activity was obtained with the extract of altitude II (391 m) with MIC 565, 510, 380 and 710 mg/L against E. carotovora, R. fascians, and R. radiobacter and R. solanacearum, respectively.Conclusion:Based on antimicrobial activity, raw plant extracts can be a cost-effective way to protect crops from microbial pathogens. Because plant extracts contain several antimicrobial compounds, the development of resistant pathogens can be delayed.

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