scholarly journals TONE DEVICE SYNTHESIS FOR MODULE MULTIPLICATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (3) ◽  
pp. 65-70
Author(s):  
Алексей Кожевников ◽  
Aleksey Kozhevnikov
Keyword(s):  
Signal Processing ◽  
Mathematical Expression ◽  
Digital Processing ◽  
Operating Speed ◽  
Arithmetic Operations ◽  
Operation Speed ◽  
Serial Addition ◽  
Special Processor ◽  
Digit Capacity

The application of the systems of residual classes (SRC) allows carrying out arithmetic operations of addition and multiplication more efficiently which are basic in DSP at the expense of small digit capacity of deductions. An additional growth of an operating speed gives a transition from a digital processing to a tone one, that is, to number encoding in the SRC by discrete phases of tone signals of one frequency. The application of an instrumentation framework on the superconductor basis shows an outlook of the special processor formation on the basis of principles marked earlier with the productivity of a subtherahertz order. If a mathematical expression for a signal processing is rigidly specified and contains a constant k which does not need to vary, then in the special processor structure a tone multiplication of a number by a constant through a module may be carried out as a serial addition of an operand with itself. If a special processor work needs sometimes a program reconstruction of system constant parameters, then it is possible to carry out on the basis of other multiplication device by a constant. A tone multiplication of two numbers by a module is formed through a simplest algorithm consisting in a serial addi-tion through a module of the first operand with itself and a choice of the result required through the second operand. The multiplication fulfillment through a mod-ule in a tone form in different versions is possible that enables unique possibilities of signal processing on the basis of the wellknown DSP methods with an operation speed which is a record for these algorithms.

Study on Auto-Search Algorithm Based on Subsection Correlation for Loran-C

2012 ◽  
Vol 241-244 ◽  
pp. 1751-1755
Author(s):  
Yin Bing Zhu ◽  
Ke Jing Cao ◽  
Bao Li
Keyword(s):  
Signal Processing ◽  
Digital Signal Processing ◽  
Arrival Time ◽  
Search Algorithm ◽  
Digital Signal ◽  
Digital Processing ◽  
Digital Receiver ◽  
Maximum Correlation ◽  
Key Steps ◽  
Signal Search

Auto-search is one of the key steps in digital signal processing for Loran-C receivers, however, for digital sampling Loran-C signal, the principle search algorithm is unable to realize signal search veraciously because of the asynchronism between sampling clock and transmitting station clock. For this question, an auto-search algorithm based on subsection correlation for Loran-C is presented after analyzing the principle search algorithm. The experiment results show that for the received digital Loran-C signal, there are several correlation and accumulation values of master and secondary stations to exceed the search thresholds; the maximum correlation and accumulation value of the presented algorithm is far higher than that of the principle algorithm. That is to say, the presented algorithm can search the arrival time of master and secondary station successfully, solve the problem of clock asynchronism effectively, and enhance the search sensitivity of the receiver, which have great significance for digital processing of Loran-C signal and the engineering realization of Loran-C digital receiver.

scholarly journals Spatial-Temporal Signals and Clinical Indices in Electrocardiographic Imaging (II): Electrogram Clustering and T-Wave Alternans

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 3070 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raúl Caulier-Cisterna ◽  
Manuel Blanco-Velasco ◽  
Rebeca Goya-Esteban ◽  
Sergio Muñoz-Romero ◽  
Margarita Sanromán-Junquera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal Processing ◽  
Cardiac Electrophysiology ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Maximum Amplitude ◽  
Digital Signal ◽  
Digital Processing ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Electrocardiographic Imaging ◽  
T Wave ◽  
T Wave Alternans

During the last years, attention and controversy have been present for the first commercially available equipment being used in Electrocardiographic Imaging (ECGI), a new cardiac diagnostic tool which opens up a new field of diagnostic possibilities. Previous knowledge and criteria of cardiologists using intracardiac Electrograms (EGM) should be revisited from the newly available spatial–temporal potentials, and digital signal processing should be readapted to this new data structure. Aiming to contribute to the usefulness of ECGI recordings in the current knowledge and methods of cardiac electrophysiology, we previously presented two results: First, spatial consistency can be observed even for very basic cardiac signal processing stages (such as baseline wander and low-pass filtering); second, useful bipolar EGMs can be obtained by a digital processing operator searching for the maximum amplitude and including a time delay. In addition, this work aims to demonstrate the functionality of ECGI for cardiac electrophysiology from a twofold view, namely, through the analysis of the EGM waveforms, and by studying the ventricular repolarization properties. The former is scrutinized in terms of the clustering properties of the unipolar an bipolar EGM waveforms, in control and myocardial infarction subjects, and the latter is analyzed using the properties of T-wave alternans (TWA) in control and in Long-QT syndrome (LQTS) example subjects. Clustered regions of the EGMs were spatially consistent and congruent with the presence of infarcted tissue in unipolar EGMs, and bipolar EGMs with adequate signal processing operators hold this consistency and yielded a larger, yet moderate, number of spatial–temporal regions. TWA was not present in control compared with an LQTS subject in terms of the estimated alternans amplitude from the unipolar EGMs, however, higher spatial–temporal variation was present in LQTS torso and epicardium measurements, which was consistent through three different methods of alternans estimation. We conclude that spatial–temporal analysis of EGMs in ECGI will pave the way towards enhanced usefulness in the clinical practice, so that atomic signal processing approach should be conveniently revisited to be able to deal with the great amount of information that ECGI conveys for the clinician.

Detection of Vortex Frequency in Gas Flow with Ultrasound

2005 ◽  
Vol 295-296 ◽  
pp. 515-520
Author(s):  
Volker Hans ◽  
C. Filips
Keyword(s):  
Signal Processing ◽  
Carrier Frequency ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Bluff Body ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Digital Processing ◽  
Simple Relation ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Body Dimension ◽  
Integer Multiple

The coincidence of vortices generated by a bluff body in a gaseous flow (Karman vortex street) with an ultrasonic beam crossing these vortices raises a lot of questions concerning physics and signal processing. The ultrasonic signal will be complex modulated. The spectrum of the resulted signal shows the carrier frequency of ultrasound and two narrow sidebands with the information about the modulation. For further signal processing the carrier frequency must be filtered. The carrier frequency can be shifted to zero by digital processing and undersampling the signal by an integer multiple. Then the sideband with its low frequency range can be analysed. The real and imaginary parts of the signal can be determined by sampling the signal shifted by 90 degrees (Hilbert transform). Even the 90 degree shifted angle can be measured by undersampling. The sensitivity of the vortex meter depends on the bluff body size. A simple relation between the bluff body dimension and the sensitivity, the vortex frequency, respectively, is shown.

Digital Signal Processing

2016 ◽  
pp. 222-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terrence D. Lagerlund
Keyword(s):  
Signal Processing ◽  
Time Domain ◽  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Clinical Neurophysiology ◽  
Digital Signal ◽  
Digital Processing ◽  
Frequency Domain Analysis ◽  
Scientific Investigations ◽  
Key Features ◽  
Digital Computers

Digital computers can perform types of signal processing not readily available with analog devices, such as ordinary electrical circuits. This includes making the process of obtaining, storing, retrieving, and viewing clinical neurophysiology data easier; aiding in extracting information from waveforms that is not readily obtainable with visual analysis alone; and improving quantification of key features of waveforms. These processes are useful in accurate clinical diagnosis of electroencephalographic (EEG), electromyographic (EMG), and evoked potential studies, and it also lend themselves to serial comparisons between studies performed on the same subject at different times or between two groups of subjects in scientific investigations. Digital computers may also partially automate the interpretation of clinical neurophysiology studies. This chapter reviews the principles of digitization, the design of digitally based instruments for clinical neurophysiology, and several common uses of digital processing, including averaging, digital filtering, and some types of time-domain and frequency-domain analysis.

The MIT Geophysical Analysis Group (GAG) from inception to 1954

Geophysics ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 7JA-30JA ◽  
Author(s):  
Enders A. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Signal Processing ◽  
Digital Signal Processing ◽  
Digital Computer ◽  
Random Access ◽  
Digital Signal ◽  
Digital Processing ◽  
Digital Revolution ◽  
Digital Correction ◽  
Alan Turing ◽  
Analysis Group

The beginning of digital signal processing took place in the years 1950 to 1954. Using an econometric model, E. A. Robinson in 1951 came up with the method of deconvolution, which he tested on 32 seismic traces. Norbert Wiener, George Wadsworth, Paul Samuelson, and Robert Solow were his advisors. On the basis of this work, the MIT president's office in 1952 set up and sponsored the Geophysical Analysis Group (GAG) in the Department of Geology and Geophysics. GAG was made up of graduate students doing research in digital signal processing. In 1953, a consortium of oil and geophysical companies took over the sponsorship. At first, GAG used the MIT Whirlwind digital computer. In order to do the larger amount of computing required by the consortium, the Computer Service Section of Raytheon Manufacturing Company was enlisted in 1953. The Raytheon people who played key roles were Richard Clippinger, Bernard Dimsdale, and Joseph H. Levin, all of whom had worked on ENIAC, the world's first electronic digital computer. As originally built, ENIAC did not use programs stored in memory as does a modern computer; instead, the programming was done by rewiring the physical components for each new problem. In 1948, Clippinger was responsible for converting ENIAC into the world's first operational stored-program computer. ENIAC had 20 accumulators but no other random access memory (RAM). The programs were stored in the function tables, which acted as programmable read-only memory(PROM). For GAG work in 1953, Raytheon used the British Ferranti Mark 1 computer (which was the commercial version of the Manchester Mark 1 computer, for which Alan Turing played a key role). This computer was installed at the University of Toronto to help in the design of the St. Lawrence Seaway. Raytheon was plagued by frequent breakdowns of the computer but still produced several hundred seismic deconvolutions for the summer GAG meeting in 1953. The consortium was pleased with the geophysical results but was disheartened by the unreliability of the current state of digital technology. As a result, GAG was directed to find analog ways to do deconvolution. Instead, GAG found that all of the analog methods, and in particular, electric frequency filtering, could be done by digital signal processing. In fact, the digital way provided greater accuracy than the analog way. At the spring meeting in 1954, GAG proposed that all analog processing be thrown out and replaced by digital signal processing. Raytheon was at the meeting and offered to obtain or build all the elements required for digital signal processing, from input to output. The conversion to digital was not done at the time. However, that step did happen in the early 1960s, and exploration geophysics has the distinction of being the first science to experience a total digital revolution. Digital processing today provides seismic images of the interior of the Earth so startling that they compare to images of the stars made by the Hubble telescope. (In fact, the digital method of deconvolution first developed in geophysics made possible the digital correction of the lens of the Hubble telescope.)

scholarly journals Design and validation of an e-textile-based wearable system for remote health monitoring

ACTA IMEKO ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 220
Author(s):  
Armando Coccia ◽  
Federica Amitrano ◽  
Leandro Donisi ◽  
Giuseppe Cesarelli ◽  
Gaetano Pagano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal Processing ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Digital Signal ◽  
Digital Processing ◽  
Time Signal ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Trunk Acceleration ◽  
Clinical Environments ◽  
Remote Health

<p class="Abstract">The paper presents a new e-textile-based system, named SWEET Shirt, for the remote monitoring of biomedical signals. The system includes a textile sensing shirt, an electronic unit for data transmission, a custom-made Android application for real-time signal visualisation and a software desktop for advanced digital signal processing. The device allows for the acquisition of electrocardiographic, bicep electromyographic and trunk acceleration signals. The sensors, electrodes, and bus structures are all integrated within the textile garment, without any discomfort for users. A wide-ranging set of algorithms for signal processing were also developed for use within the system, allowing clinicians to rapidly obtain a complete and schematic overview of a patient’s clinical status. The aim of this work was to present the design and development of the device and to provide a validation analysis of the electrocardiographic measurement and digital processing. The results demonstrate that the information contained in the signals recorded by the novel system is comparable to that obtained via a standard medical device commonly used in clinical environments. Similarly encouraging results were obtained in the comparison of the variables derived from the signal processing.</p>

Design and Implementation of Seismic Data Digital Filter

2013 ◽  
Vol 300-301 ◽  
pp. 1669-1672
Author(s):  
Yong Li
Keyword(s):  
Signal Processing ◽  
Seismic Data ◽  
Fourier Transformation ◽  
Digital Signal ◽  
Digital Processing ◽  
Discrete Fourier Transformation ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Interference Wave ◽  
Computation Speed

In order to improve the quality and precision of seismic data, taking out or suppressing interference wave consisting in the earthquake wave will be one important link in the digital processing of seismic data .The fast Fournier transformation resolves big points N into certain dot’s DFT combinations .And then breaking a large number of multiply operations to add operations and a small quality of multiply operations, thus the computation speed of the Discrete Fourier Transformation (DFT) will be enhanced greatly. The widespread uses of FFT make it to be a powerful tool in digital signal processing. The present paper will introduce the quite comprehensive narration of the principle of filter, the characteristic of fast Fournier transformation algorithm principle as well as the realization.

scholarly journals Choice of Modulation Mode and Satellite-Based Radar Altimeter Parameters

2018 ◽  
pp. 5-14
Author(s):  
D. S. Borovitsky ◽  
A. E. Zhesterev ◽  
V. P. Ipatov ◽  
R. M. Mamchur
Keyword(s):  
Wide Band ◽  
Digital Processing ◽  
Radar Altimeter ◽  
External Disturbances ◽  
Modulation Formats ◽  
Operation Speed ◽  
Modulation Mode ◽  
Processing Gain ◽  
Probing Signal ◽  
Angle Modulation

Satellite altimeters play a key role in Earth remote sensing programs. To attain a centimeter accuracy level within the limited energy budget the altimeter probing signal should have a processing gain of the order of tens of thousands. Un-der such circumstances both of the angle modulation modes (LFM, BPSK) are equivalent as for their tactical performance. Preference of LFM in modern foreign devices is based on the tendency to reduce demands to digital processing operation speed by transferring wide-band processing to the analog receiver part. However, modern circuitry capabilities allow to implement digital processing of the signals with the bandwidth of hundreds MHz, giving thereby the way to involving BPSK signals which are not that susceptible to various drifts and external disturbances, do not require frequency modulation super-linearity, etc. In the paper both modulation formats are compared and recommendations are given on how to choose the structure and parameters of BPSK signal.

Measurement and monitoring in anaesthesia

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Magee ◽  
Mark Tooley
Keyword(s):  
Signal Processing ◽  
Digital Processing ◽  
Operational Amplifiers ◽  
Strain Gauges ◽  
Monitoring Systems ◽  
Measurement Systems ◽  
Differential Amplifiers ◽  
Biological Signal Processing ◽  
Chemical Transducers ◽  
Physical Principles

This chapter introduces some basic physical principles that contribute to the function of various monitors used in anaesthetic practice. Topics include biological signal processing, operational amplifiers, including single-ended amplifiers, and the benefit of patient-isolated differential amplifiers; it includes filtering, digital processing, and electrodes. The generic principles of transducers are introduced, including resistive, capacitive, and inductance strain gauges used in transducers, photoelectric, piezoelectric, and chemical transducers, calibration of transducers, and the significance of resonance and damping in measurement systems. Since both are widely used in monitoring systems, there is an introduction to spectroscopy and magnetism.

scholarly journals Design and Analysis of Multiplier Using High Speed Adders

2021 ◽  
pp. 68-75
Author(s):  
Swetha R ◽  
Priyanka M ◽  
Suvetha S ◽  
Kavitha S
Keyword(s):  
Signal Processing ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Digital Filters ◽  
Digital Signal ◽  
Propagation Delay ◽  
Digital Systems ◽  
Operating Speed ◽  
Look Ahead ◽  
Dsp Applications ◽  
Multiplier Circuit

In all digital signal processing (DSP) applications like FFT, digital filters the main problem faced by processor is its propagation delay. Every high speed signal processing is depends on multiplier circuits. Multiplier performance is directly influenced by the adder design. In this paper, we design low power and high speed carry look ahead (CLA) adder for multiplier circuit by using multi value logic (MVL) based on quaternary signed digits (QSD). The ability of multi value logic (MVL) circuits to achieve more information density and high operating speed when compared to that of existing binary circuits is highly impressive. MVL circuits have attracted important attention for the design of digital systems. Based on quaternary signed digits, the carry look ahead adder is designed, implemented in multiplier circuit and simulated by using cadence virtuoso design suite by 180nF technology.

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