scholarly journals Manajemen Public Relations dan Reputasi Organisasi Lembaga Amil Zakat Dompet Dhuafa

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Dimyati
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Program Planning ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Evaluation Process ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Programming Process ◽  
Main Message

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) metode identifikasi masalah Public Relations pada LAZ Dompet Dhuafa; (2) proses perencanaan dan pemrograman LAZ Dompet Dhuafa; (3) strategi aksi dan komunikasi LAZ Dompet Dhuafa; dan (4) proses evaluasi program LAZ Dompet Dhuafa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus eksploratif jenis single case holistic. Data primer dalam penelitian ini diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam, sementara data sekunder bersumber dari studi pustaka dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa LAZ Dompet Dhuafa tidak melakukan riset khusus terkait perencanaan program; riset yang dilakukan hanya melalui fakta-fakta baru di lapangan melalui program-program yang sudah ada sebelumnya. Perencanaan program tematik dan nontematik LAZ Dompet Dhuafa dilakukan melalui rapat kerja tahunan, sementara pesan utama yang ingin disampaikan kepada pihak eksternal disampaikan melalui website resmi dan media sosial. Adapun evalusi program yang dilakukan tidak melibatkan publik eksternal. Kata Kunci: Manajemen Public Relations, zakat, Dompet Dhuafa ABSTRACTThis study aims to determine (1) the method of identifying problems of Public Relations at LAZ Dompet Dhuafa; (2) the planning and programming process of LAZ Dompet Dhuafa; (3) the strategy of action and communication of LAZ Dompet Dhuafa; and (4) the evaluation process of the LAZ Dompet Dhuafa program. This study uses a qualitative method with an explorative case study approach and single case holistic. The primary data in this study were obtained through in-depth interviews, while the secondary data were obtained from literature and documentation. The results of the study show that LAZ Dompet Dhuafa does not conduct specific research related to program planning; the research only carried out through new facts in the field through the pre-existing programs. The planning of thematic and non-thematic program is carried out through annual work meetings, while the main message to be conveyed to public (external) is delivered through the official website and social media. Meanwhile, the evaluation of the program did not involve the external public. Keywords: Public Relations management, zakat, Dompet Dhuafa

A case study of a non-profit organization in an emerging economy: O fonds in Latvia

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-172
Author(s):  
Brent McKenzie ◽  
Emily Hunter
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Emerging Markets ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
History Of

PurposeThe focus of this research is to present a case study of a small Latvian-based non-profit organization (NPO), O fonds (Oncology Foundation), and how they are an exemplar of the challenges facing NPOs in countries that do not have a strong history of NPO success. The research is supported through primary data collection of multiple interviews and correspondence with the key informant of O fonds, the CEO. These insights were supported with secondary data analysis of the history of NPOs in emerging markets, as well as the history of cancer screening in Latvia.Design/methodology/approachIn order to address the gap in the existing research literature, a single firm case analysis was selected to provide the context of the study. A series of semi-structured questions focused on O fonds branding and rebranding activities were posed to the CEO of the firm. Subsequent personal interviews were conducted to analyze and interpret the original results. This primary data were linked to secondary data about the practices of O fonds, NPOs in Latvia and the roles and challenges of NPOs in emerging markets.FindingsThe analysis of the findings from the primary data collection found that O fonds' rebranding effort helped to achieve a more stable and significant place for NPOs in the healthcare sector in Latvia and of equal importance with the Latvian general public. Tangible results included more financial support from donors, with an added benefit of increased joint marketing activities with corporate donors. Furthermore, active involvement with O fonds and medical professionals resulted from the rebrand. Also, there was an increase in referral patients to O fonds so they could attempt to get these people support for cancer screening.Research limitations/implicationsQuestions as to issues of validity from the use of a single case study, and greater issues with a single case, single interview method are acknowledged. This potential limitation, with respect to this study, was deemed to be lessened based on the use of multiple interviews and sourcing of secondary company material with the CEO of O fonds. Further support by way of sharing of a secondary data, and organizational insights helped to address any major limitations in the research methodology, as helpful information and materials that might not have been readily available, or unavailable without this level of trust, could be obtained.Practical implicationsExploring how NPOs can rebrand their firm to better meet the needs of society and be most impactful will contribute to both managerial practice and academic literature. By examining how a non-profit rebranding process occurs, in an emerging economy, and determining how effective rebranding can be utilized as a turnaround strategy, is a contribution of this research. Given the limited non-profit rebranding literature, particularly in emerging markets, this study provides exploratory insights within a new context to help propel the field of knowledge.Social implicationsNPOs have been shown to play a valuable role in communities across many regions of the world as NPOs enable citizens to come together to collectively work toward a common goal with the purpose of bettering society. With respect to the focus on O fonds their aim of increasing early detection of cancer continues to rise, but more positively, the incidents of treatable cancer are also rising as the result of the former. Regrettably, this positive trend in increased cancer screening does not equate to lower mortality rates across all countries, particularly countries in emerging markets such as Latvia.Originality/valueThis is one of the first known studies of an NPO in the emerging market of Latvia, in general, and in the Latvian healthcare sector specifically. As there is a dearth of research in this field of study, and the fact that NPO growth is a critical component of society growth in emerging markets, there is an important contribution to be made to both practice, and society, from the findings from this research.

scholarly journals Implementasi Bina Pribadi Islam (BPI) dalam Membina Akhlak Peserta Didik di Sekolah Dasar Inspiratif Al-Ilham Kota Banjar

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Fani Fadliyani ◽  
Yosep Farhan Dafik Sahal ◽  
Muhamad Aris Munawar
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Elementary School ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Case Study Approach ◽  
Study Approach

This study aims: (1) to determine the morals of students in SD Inspiratif Al-Ilham, Banjar City. (2) to determine the implementation of Islamic Personal Development (BPI) in building the morals of students at SD Inspiratif Al-Ilham, Banjar City. (3) to find out the results of the Islamic Personal Development (BPI) in building the morals of students at SD Inspiratif Al-Ilham, Banjar City. The purpose of this study was to determine the morals of students, the implementation of Islamic Personal Development and to find out the results of Islamic Personal Development in fostering the morals of students at SD Inspiratif Al-Ilham, Banjar City. This study used a qualitative research method with a case study approach. This study used data collection techniques using interviews, observation, and documentation study. The data used are primary data obtained directly from respondents regarding the implementation of Islamic Personal Development. Meanwhile, secondary data in the form of theories and other supporting data were obtained from literature and school archives documentation. All of these data are materials to describe the implementation of Islamic Personal Development (BPI) at SD Inspiratif Al-Ilham, Banjar City. The results of this study indicate that: (1) The morals of the students at SD Inspiratif Al-Ilham, Banjar City are good enough. (2) Implementation of Islamic Personal Development in fostering the morals of students at Inspiratif Al-Ilham Elementary School, Banjar City, namely through coaching which includes guidance by exemplary, guidance with habituation and guidance with advice (3) The results of the Islamic Personal Development (BPI) in fostering the morals of students at the Inspiratif Al-Ilham Elementary School, Banjar City are quite good, where students have been able to show behavior according to the existing indicators, including being able to carry out congregational prayers and prayers. sunnah dhuha and qiyamullail, reciting dhikr after every prayer and so on.

scholarly journals Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Keluarga Melalui Usaha Peningkatan Pendapatan Keluarga Sejahtera (UPPKS) (Studi Kasus di Desa Sukorejo Kecamatan Saradan Kabupaten Madiun)

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Sudarmiani, Waini Astuti
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Economic Empowerment ◽  
Case Study Approach ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Savings And Loan

<p><em>This study aims to determine the implementation of the UPPKS program, the role of UPPKS cadres, the supporting components of the UPPKS program and obstacles in family economic empowerment activities through the UPPKS program in Sukorejo Village, Saradan, Madiun. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative with a case study approach. Data sources used are primary data and secondary data. Data collection is done by observation, interviews and documentation. The validity of the data uses source triangulation. The results show, (1) The implementation of family economic empowerment through the UPPKS program in Sukorejo Village runs quite well in savings and loan activities. (2) The role of UPPKS cadres in Sukorejo Village is as facilitators in conveying what their members want to the UPPKS program organizers. (3) Supporting components in the implementation of UPPKS activities in Sukorejo Village are Village Village, Saradan PLKB, and BKKBN. (4) Obstacles in the process of family economic empowerment through the UPPKS program in Sukorejo Village, namely the existence of members who are less active in the activities of UPPKS groups and members who move domiciles, so that UPPKS members are reduced.</em></p>

scholarly journals EFEKTIVITAS PEMBERDAYAAN PETANI KOLAM MELALUI KELOMPOK BUDIDAYA IKAN UNTUK PENINGKATAN EKONOMI MASYARAKAT

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-86
Author(s):  
Abdul Rahman ◽  
Sahudi Sahudi ◽  
Pahri Pahri
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Real Change ◽  
Risk Protection ◽  
Water Pumps

The phenomenon that occurs in East Koya that there is an empowerment program implemented by the Jayapura City Fisheries Department to Pond Farmers through the Fish Cultivation Group in East Koya, is the basis for researchers to conduct research onthe empowerment, the thing to be gained from this research is the form of empowerment provided and measure the effectiveness of this empowerment to pond farmers through the Fish Cultivation group. This thesis research is located in Koya Timur Village, Muara Tami District, Jayapura City. This study uses qualitative research with a case study approach that uses secondary data and primary data obtained through observation, interviews, and documentation techniques. Data analysis techniques carried out several stages of data reduction, data presentation, conclusions and data verification. The resultsof this study are a form of empowerment given to Pond farmers through the Fish Cultivation Group, such as the provision of fish seedlings, fertilizer, feed, water pumps and fish germination, besides that they are also given training in how to properly cultivatefish, counseling about fish farming activities and giving risk protection for fish farming business through an insurance card. and providing infrastructure such as irrigation or water irrigation. While seeing the effectiveness of this empowerment has beeneffective in the field, although it has not been entirely done using indicators of effectiveness, namely understanding the program, on target, on time, achieving goals and real change. One of these indicators is on time that hasn't been done in the field.

scholarly journals Tourism Potential and Strategy to Develop Competitive Rural Tourism in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-141
Author(s):  
Dina Mayasari Soeswoyo ◽  
◽  
Mellia Jeneetica ◽  
Liliana Dewi ◽  
Made Handijaya Dewantara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Rural Tourism ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Tourism Destination ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Tourism Potential

This study aims to identify tourism potential and a set of strategies for a competitive rural tourism development using a case study in Sukajadi Tourism Village, Bogor Regency, West Java. This study is a descriptive qualitative type with an exploratory case study approach. Primary data were obtained from deep field observation and interview with key informants, while secondary data was obtained from the results of literature studies and documentation. This research used identification analysis techniques of 11 tourism components modified from several experts, CHSE analysis, work program government (PROKER), market preferences, and SWOT analysis as well as SWOT Matrix. The result of this study was obtained great potential and 15 main strategies for the development of the Sukajadi Tourism Village which is currently starting to grow, namely making serious and aggressive efforts on the internal aspects of village tourism destination, as well as collaboration with tourism industry and local governments to create a competitive rural tourism destination. An active and aggressive strategy is needed for the development of Sukajadi village as a competitive rural tourism destination, based on micro and macro perspectives.

scholarly journals Upaya Organisasi Nirlaba (NGO) Bertahan di Masa Pandemi Covid 19

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (02) ◽  
pp. 308-321
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nur Abdillah
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
Stakeholder Theory ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Almost All

Abstract The pandemic has an impact on many sectors, causing changes in the pattern of activities carried out in general. The pandemic has also affected non-profit organizations (NGOs), Dejavato is no exception. More than 15 years of existence, the organization located in Semarang has 59 university partners, 34 SMP / MTs partners, 60 SMA / SMK partners, 13 TK / PAUD partners, 21 SD / MI partners, and 20 other foundation partners spread across almost all of the region in Indonesia. This shows that Dejavato has credibility and a strong influence on the local community. The existence of a pandemic makes the Dejavato Foundation to adapt to use online media to survive, because of the cessation of offline activities that result in the achievement of vision threatened to fail. This article aims is to determine the efforts to utilize digital media during the pandemic by the Dejavato Foundation. This research uses a qualitative method with a case study approach where after the data was collected, pattern matching was carried out to validate the data found. The theory that is used in this research is the theory of e-PR and Stakeholder Theory. The primary data was collected through interviews with the founder and public relations coordinator of the Dejavato Foundation, and observation. Meanwhile, to collect the secondary data, the researcher was using the documentation technique. The result of this study shows that Dejavato, in terms of optimizing digital media is by using several methods; convergence of programs, use of e-PR tools, especially social media, dejavatalk, and help empower people online. That shows how much the negative cause in this pandemic, especially for voluntary world.Keywords: Covid-19; Digital Media; Non-Profit Organization; Pandemic; Stakeholder Theory; Volunteering.Abstrak Pandemi Covid-19 memberi dampak pada berbagai sektor tak terkecuali pada NGO (organisasi nirlaba) Dejavato yang memiliki kegiatan utama pengiriman volunteer di berbagai negara. Dejavato merupakan NGO yang telah berdiri lebih dari 15 tahun di Kota Semarang dengan jumlah mitra hingga 207 yang berasal dari mitra TK, SD, hingga perguruan tinggi di Indonesia. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa Dejavato memiliki kredibilitas serta pengaruh yang kuat bagi masyarakat lokal. Adanya pandemi membuat Dejavato Foundation untuk beradaptasi menggunakan media daring untuk bertahan, sebab terhentinya aktivitas luring yang mengakibatkan pencapaian visi terancam gagal. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan inovasi yang dilakukan oleh Dejavato Foundation terkait penggunaan media baru dalam menghadapi masa pandemi. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori e-PR serta Stakeholder Theory. Artikel ini merupakan jenis penelitian kualitatif  dengan metode studi kasus. Proses pengolahan data dilakukan dengan pengumpulan data, penjodohan pola dan analisis data sesuai dengan teori. Subjek penelitian ini adalah pendiri dan koordinator humas Dejavato Foundation. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Dejavato melakukan berbagai upaya dalam menghadapi pandemi, yaitu: konvergensi program, pemanfaatan media sosial, mengadakan event dejavatalk, serta membantu memberdayakan masyarakat secara daring. Hal tersebut berarti bahwa pandemi berdampak luas, dan masif bagi dunia sukarelawan.Kata Kunci: Covid-19; New Media; Organisasi Nirlaba; Pandemi; Stakeholder Theory; Volunteering.

The impact of public relations on visibility of Croatian non-profits

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-97
Author(s):  
Mirela Polić ◽  
Nataša Cesarec Salopek
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Strategic Communication ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Communication Campaign ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to understand and show how public relations contributed to enhancing the visibility of Croatian non-profit organization Foundation “Croatia for Children” and its activities within its stakeholders, as well as how public relations contributed to the mobilization of target publics in Foundation’s activities. Design/methodology/approach Using a single case study approach, data were collected over a 12-month period. Quantitative and qualitative media research was applied in order to compare visibility of Foundation in the period before and after the strategic communication campaign. Findings Strategic communication campaign enhanced the visibility of Foundation “Croatia for Children” in national and local Croatian media and positioned it as the primary instance for children without an adequate parental care and children in need. However, local media devoted more attention comparing to the national media. All children wishes (1,000) were fulfilled by mobilizing the target publics. Research limitations/implications The results derived from this case study cannot be generalized since they are based on a single case in one country. Practical implications This study can serve as a starting point for another research about the role and importance that public relations have in enhancing the visibility of non-profit organizations. Originality/value The results of this study point to the role and importance public relations have in the non-profit sector in order to proactively communicate with all stakeholders in society.

scholarly journals Islamic Sukuk and Its Role in Supporting the Budget Deficit: Case Study on The Central Bank in The Jordan

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 173
Author(s):  
Abedalfattah Zuhair Al-abedallat
Keyword(s):  
Central Bank ◽  
Budget Deficit ◽  
Word Meaning ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Current Period ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Good Substitute

Market Sukuk (Arabic word meaning bond) grown very large in the recent period, which is similar to conventional Eurobonds, Islamic Sukuk increased in the current period, and it is a good substitute for conventional bonds, but in Jordan instruments Islamic Market still suffers a lot of obstacles, though that Jordan suffers greatly from debt and increasing annually, but there is no practical step by the central bank to issue instruments Islamic alternative for the issuance of government bonds.The purpose of the study to investigate the obstacles that prevented the issuance of central bank for those instruments, and the study approach is the Data was collected by two methods first, primary data was collected using questionnaire, second, secondary data was collected using literature.The study found that  there are obstacles prevented the issuance of central bank  the instruments Islamic including: regulatory risk, and liquidity risk, and regulatory obstacles, and the cost of issuance, and the research has recommended that: the central bank should prepare the laws to issuance Islamic sukuk, and the central bank should encourage the Islamic banks to issuance Islamic sukuk.

scholarly journals Sharia conformity for mudharabah financing practices in sharia banks based on the DSN-MUI Fatwa Number 07 year 2000: A case study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 239-248
Author(s):  
Santi Lamusu ◽  
Aulia Fuad Rahman ◽  
Noval Adib
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Profit Sharing ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Bank Employees ◽  
Year 2000

This study aims to uncover and analyze the suitability of sharia mudharabah financing practices at Bank Muamalat Semarang Branch with Fatwa DSN MUI Number 07 year 2000. To achieve this goal, the research was pursued using a qualitative method with a case study approach. The primary data of this research is interviews and is supported by secondary data. The key informants are bank employees. Data analysis was performed by using qualitative data analysis namely reduction, display and conclusion. The results showed that Bank Muamalat Semarang branch in carrying out the practice of mudharabah financing was in accordance with the DSN MUI Fatwa Number 07 year 2000 and the applicable SOP. Meanwhile, the recommendations in the Fatwa which are optional are still carried out in accordance with the prevailing regulations. For example, by requiring guarantees, channeling mudharabah financing only in the form of cash assets, only financing productive businesses such as BPRS and BMT, as well as the criteria for entrepreneurs, financing procedures and profit sharing mechanisms. The decision to choose the policy is accompanied by certain considerations, especially for the sustainability and security of LKS and does not conflict with fatwa rules so that it does not go out of the corridor of sharia principles in muamalah  

scholarly journals Penerapan Sistem Pengendalian Intern Pemerintah (SPIP) Pada Kabupaten Gorontalo

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fitrianty Paneo ◽  
Jullie J Sondakh ◽  
Jenny Morasa
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Internal Control ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Limited Budget ◽  
Level 3

Abstract. This study aims to analyze the suitability of GICS implementation in Gorontalo District with Government Regulation Number 60 Year 2008 on  GICS, the obstacles in the implemention of GICS  as well as what efforts have been made to overcome the obstacles of GICS implementation and to increase GICS maturity level in Gorontalo District. This is a qualitative research with case study approach. This study used primary and secondary data. Primary data were obtained from in depth interviews, observation and documentation. On the other hand, secondary data were in the form of documents related to the reseach. The results show that GICSin Gorontalo District has been implemented in accordance to Government Regulation Number 60 Year 2008. However, GICS level 3 (three) maturity targets have not yet been achieved and it means that the implementation of GICS still encounters many obstacles. The obstacles in the application of GICS in Gorontalo District are: 1) insufficient human resource competence, 2) the number of human resources is not in accordance with the needs of organization, 3) limited budget, 4) lack of compliance, 5) evaluation and documentation activities are not maximized yet, and 6) many activities have not been supported by Standard Operational Procedures (SOP). Furthermore, the efforts made to overcome the obstacles of GICS implementation are by 1) encouraging human resources development program such as substantive training and training of their own office, 2) maximizing budget, 3) establishing effective communications, 4) increasing the number of auditors and 5) building organizational commitment.Keywords: Implementation of Government Internal Control System (GICS), GICS Maturity Result, Constraints and efforts Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kesesuaian penerapan SPIP pada Kabupaten Gorontalo dengan PP 60 Tahun 2008 tentang SPIP, mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis kendala dalam penerapan SPIP serta upaya-upaya apa yang dilakukan dalam mengatasi kendala penerapan SPIP untuk peningkatan tingkat maturitas SPIP di Kabupaten Gorontalo. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer, yang diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi dan studi dokumentasi. Serta data sekunder berupa dokumen-dokumen terkait dengan penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara umum penerapan SPIP pada Kabupaten Gorontalo telah sesuai dengan PP 60 Tahun 2008 tentang SPIP. Namun, belum tercapainya target level 3 (tiga) maturitas SPIP di Kabupaten Gorontalo mengindikasikan bahwa penerapan SPIP masih mengalami banyak kendala. Kendala-kendala dalam penerapan SPIP yaitu; 1) kompetensi SDM belum memadai, 2) kuantitas SDM belum sesuai dengan kebutuhan organisasi, 3) terbatasnya anggaran, 4) kurangnya kepatuhan, 5) belum maksimalnya kegiatan evaluasi dan dokumentasi, dan 6) terdapat kegiatan yang belum didukung dengan Standar Operasional Prosedur (SOP). Upaya-upaya yang dilakukan untuk mengatasi kendala-kendala dalam penerapan SPIP yaitu: 1) program pengembangan SDM melalui diklat substantif dan pelatihan kantor sendiri, 2) memaksimalkan anggaran, 3) membangun komunikasi yang efektif, 4) menambah jumlah auditor dan 5) membangun komitmen organisasi.Kata kunci: Penerapan Sistem Pengendalian Intern Pemerintah (SPIP), Tingkat Maturitas Penyelenggaraan SPIP, Kendala dan Upaya.

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