Physical and mechanical properties of agar based edible film with glycerol plasticizer

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arham Rusli
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Film Thickness ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Edible Film ◽  
Glycerol Concentration ◽  
Elongation At Break

Appropriate concentration of base material and plasticizer is required to obtain good physical and mechanical properties of edible film for food packaging and preservation functions. The aim of this study was to obtain the best combination of the base material and plasticizer in the manufacture of agar films based on physical and mechanical properties. Results showed that the physical and mechanical properties of the agar edible film were affected by the agar and glycerol concentrations. Increasing agar concentrations resulted in the increase in the film thickness, tensile strength (TS), and elongation at break (EAB), but decreased the filmsolubility. While increasing glycerol concentration tended to increase the film thickness and solubility, but decrease the TS of the film. The best concentration combination of agar and glycerol in this study was 3 and 10%, respectively.

Effect of Castor Oil Impregnation on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Bacterial Cellulose

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-26
Author(s):  
Myrtha Karina ◽  
Lucia Indrarti ◽  
Rike Yudianti ◽  
Indriyati
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Scanning Electron Micrographs ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Acetone Water

The effect of castor oil on the physical and mechanical properties of bacterial cellulose is described. Bacterial cellulose (BC) was impregnated with 0.5–2% (w/v) castor oil (CO) in acetone–water, providing BCCO films. Scanning electron micrographs revealed that the castor oil penetrated the pores of the bacterial cellulose, resulting in a smoother morphology and enhanced hydrophilicity. Castor oil caused a slight change in crystallinity indices and resulted in reduced tensile strength and Young's modulus but increased elongation at break. A significant reduction in tensile strength and Young's modulus was achieved in BCCO films with 2% castor oil, and there was an improvement in elongation at break and hydrophilicity. Impregnation with castor oil, a biodegradable and safe plasticiser, resulted in less rigid and more ductile composites.

scholarly journals Research Regarding the Mechanical Properties of Some Biodegradable Polymeric Composites for Food Packaging Products

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 498-501
Author(s):  
Constantin Gheorghe Opran ◽  
Elena Grosu ◽  
Marius Enachescu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Injection Molding ◽  
Biodegradable Polymers ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Young Modulus ◽  
Important Application ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Amorphous Character ◽  
Sem Analyses

Biodegradable polymers became one of the most important materials with large applicability, as they do not generate wastes after life cycle. An important application is food packaging fabricated by injection molding processing. In this paper, we present the investigation of the mechanical properties of some biodegradable polymers based on PLA composites obtained by melting processing and their morphology studied by SEM analyses, in comparison to polypropylene and neat PLA. We found out that tensile strength, elongation at break and Young modulus exhibit values appropriate to injection molding processing and they are very close related to crystalline or amorphous character of the materials.

scholarly journals The influence of functional ingredients on the physico-mechanical and operational properties of rubbers for water-oil-swelling sealing elements

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-73
Author(s):  
Evgeny N. Egorov ◽  
◽  
Nikolay F. Ushmarin ◽  
Sergey I. Sandalov ◽  
Ivan S. Spiridonov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Functional Ingredients ◽  
Sealing Elements

The article investigated the effect of caoutchoucs, sevilen 11808-340, vulcanizing groups, fillers, plasticizers, ingredients of directional actions on the physical and mechanical properties (conditional tensile strength, elongation at break, hardness, rebound elasticity, tear resistance) and operational properties (changes of conditional tensile strength of rubbers after exposure to oil, weight changes after aging of rubbers in a solution of citric and hydrochloric acids, changes in the volume of rubbers after exposure to a mixture of oil and water) of two rubbers. These rubbers are developed for the manufacture of the outer and inner layers of water-oil-swellable sealing elements (WSOE) for the oil and gas industry. It has been established that rubber for the outer layer of WSOE based on butadiene-nitrile BNKS-18AMN, isoprene SKI-3 and butadiene CKD caoutchoucs, as well as rubber for the inner layer of UEN based on butadiene-nitrile BNKS-18AMN, butadiene methylstyrene SKMS-30ARK and butadiene CKD caoutchoucs possess the required physicomechanical and operational properties. It was shown that these rubbers containing a vulcanizing group sulfur + thiazole 2 MBS, sevilen 11808-340, a combination of carbon black T 900 with rosil 175, talc and chalk, petroleum resin “Sibplast”, vermiculite and igloprobivnoe cloth, are characterized by improved physical-mechanical and operational properties. These rubber can be recommended as the basis for the manufacture of outer and inner layers of water-oil-swelling sealing elements.

scholarly journals Characteristics and Properties of Biofilms Made from Pure Carrageenan Powder and Whole Seaweed (Kappaphycus sp.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-110
Author(s):  
Eunice Lua Hanry ◽  
Noumie Surugau
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Glycerol Concentration ◽  
Paper Properties ◽  
Mechanical And Physical Properties ◽  
Water Glycerol ◽  
Degradable Plastics ◽  
Kappa Carrageenan

Petroleum-based plastics are mass produced to meet customers’ demand due to their low cost and versatility. However, plastic waste has become a serious environmental problem. Hence, degradable plastics from renewable sources (e.g. biomass) are now trending for their “green” properties. In this paper, properties of biofilms made from whole seaweed (WS), Kappaphycus sp. and pure kappa-carrageenan powder (PC) were compared. Glycerol, as plasticizer, was added at differing amounts (1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5%, v/v) and their appearance, physical and mechanical properties, solubility, and biodegradability were studied. As results, for colour difference and transparency, WS-1% showed higher ?E at 17.09 ± 0.85 with highest opacity at 13.73 mm-1 and least ?E was at 2.73 ± 0.13 for PC-5% with opacity at 0.49 mm-1. For mechanical properties, PC-1% has the highest tensile strength and elastic modulus at 26.63 ± 2.18 MPa and 253.53 ± 19.43 MPa, respectively, whereas WS-5% has the lowest at 0.71 ± 0.15 MPa and 2.47 ± 0.44 MPa, respectively. As for biodegradability, by the first week, WS-5% lost 80% of its weight and PC-1% only lost 3%. Overall, PC biofilms showed better quality in terms of mechanical and physical properties but WS biofilms were faster to degrade and dissolve in water. Glycerol concentration affects most of the properties except for mechanical properties for WS and solubility of both. This study suggests that PC may be a better base material for stronger biofilms but WS are a better choice from environmental and cost aspects.

scholarly journals PENGARUH LIMBAH ABU PEMBAKARAN BIOMASSA KELAPA SAWIT TERHADAP SIFAT-SIFAT FISIKA DAN MEKANIK HIGH IMPACT POLYSTYRENE

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
Fadhilla Asyri ◽  
Kartini Noor Hafni ◽  
A. Haris Simamora
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Scanning Electron

This study aims was to determine the effect of palm oil fuel ash (POFA) composite as filler on the physical and mechanical properties of high impact polystyrene (HIPS) composites. The research methodology included preparation of raw materials, treatment POFA (hydration process of POFA), mixing using tumbler and then extruder, molding composite specimens, and testing. The variables used were weight ratio of HIPS with 140 mesh POFA at 95/5; 92.5/7.5; 90/10. The composites were tested by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), ash content, specific gravity, tensile strength, elongation at break, impact strength, hardness test, and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The results of FTIR characterization shows the formation of –OH bonding that was suspected as Si-OH or Si-hydrat. Results of physical and mechanical properties of the composites shows that increase of the filler composition in HIPS-POFA composites until the ratio of 90/10, increase the specific gravity to 7.2% of the original, tensile strength did not change significantly to 28.4 MPa, elongation at break decreased to 2.7%, impact strength decreased to 3.183 KJ/m2, and the hardness increased to 110.5, and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) test show the transformation of POFA structure on treated POFA and intercalation between the matrix and POFA.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF PLASTICIZERS ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF EDIBLE FILM FROM JANENG STARCH – CHITOSAN

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
Narlis Juandi ◽  
Rahmi Rahmi ◽  
Hira Helwati
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Edible Films ◽  
Ftir Spectra ◽  
Edible Film ◽  
Biodegradable Films ◽  
Elongation At Break

The interest in the development of edible and biodegradable films has increased because it is every day more evident that non degradable are doing much damage to the environment. In this research, edible films were based on blends of janeng starch in different proportions, added of palm oil or glycerol, which were used as plasticizers. The objective was to study the effect of two different plasticizers, palm oil and glycerol of edible film from janeng starch–chitosan on the mechanical properties and FTIR spectra. Increasing concentration of glycerol as plasticizer resulted tend to increased tensile strength and elongation at break. The tensile strength and elongation at break values for palm oil is higher than glycerol as plasticizer at the same concentration. FTIR spectra show the process of making edible film from janeng starch–chitosan with palm oil or glycerol as plasticizers are physically mixing in the presence of hydrogen interactions between chains.

scholarly journals Physico-mechanical properties of cattle hide leather for working gloves with flame retardant addition

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 151
Author(s):  
Iwan Fajar Pahlawan ◽  
Gresy Griyanitasari
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Metal Casting ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Finishing Process ◽  
Casting Industry

<p class="MDPI17abstract"><strong>Objective: </strong>Indonesian<strong> </strong>metal casting industry<strong> </strong>is a labor-oriented industry which involves thermal application in the workplace. Thus, it is essential to protect the workers for any risks during their activity. Leather gloves, as personal protective equipment, need to be manufactured that can prevent the workers from burn injured.<strong> </strong>The study aimed to analyze the effect of flame retardant addition on finished leather’s physical and mechanical properties for a specific article, i.e. working gloves.</p><p class="MDPI17abstract"><strong>Methods: </strong>The research used pickled cattle hides and commercial flame retardant as main materials. The leather chemicals used in the process are those which is commonly used to manufacture working gloves leather article. The treatments involved the addition of commercial flame retardant in fatliquoring (2%, 4%, 6% w/w) and finishing process (100 parts, 200 parts, 300 parts). The effect of flame retardant addition on shrinkage percentage, thickness, rub fastness, tensile strength, and elongation at break, were evaluated. Descriptive analysis is applied to describe the properties of the resulted finished leather.</p><p class="MDPI17abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The result shows that the addition of flame retardant in fatliquoring and finishing process indicates a variation in the leather’s physical-mechanical properties. The leather, manufactured with the addition of 4% (w/w) in fatliquoring, shrunk 7.65±1.42%, had tensile strength value at 520.48±13.79 kg/cm<sup>2</sup>, good rub fastness at dry and wet basis (5 and 4/5), elongation value at 52.9±4.09%, and thickness 0.87±0.02 mm.</p><p class="MDPI17abstract"><strong>Conclusions: </strong>it can be concluded that the use of 4% (w/w) flame retardant in fatliquoring is suggested to be the best formulation to produce working gloves leather.<strong></strong></p>

scholarly journals Mechanical properties of edible film based bacterial cellulose from sago liquid waste using starch as stabilizer

2021 ◽  
Vol 948 (1) ◽  
pp. 012063
Author(s):  
N A Yanti ◽  
S W Ahmad ◽  
L O A N Ramadhan ◽  
T Walhidayah
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Cassava Starch ◽  
Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Edible Film ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Water Holding

Abstract Edible film is a thin layer made of edible material as a packaging for food products. In the edible film production, required additional material that serves as stabilizer and plasticizer. This research aimed to determine the mechanical properties of the edible film-based bacterial cellulose from sago liquid waste using some types of starch as a stabilizer. The starches used as stabilizers in making edible films were corn, cassava, and sago starch. Mechanical properties were measured include tensile strength, elongation at break, elasticity (Young’s modulus), and water holding capacity (WHC). The results showed that the thickness of corn, sago, and cassava starch was 0.08 mm, 0.09 mm, and 0.11 mm, respectively. The mechanical properties of the edible film with corn, sago, and cassava starch as stabilizers namely a tensile strength (MPa) were 10.90; 15.90 and 61.92 respectively, elongation at break (%) were 8, 20, and 87, young’s modulus (MPa) were 13.48, 7.84 and 6.98, respectively and water holding capacity (g/g) were 34.26; 18.18 and 16.40 respectively. Therefore, the utilization of starch as a stabilizer in edible film can improve its mechanical properties.

scholarly journals Karakteristik Fisik, Mekanik Dan Zona Hambat Edible Film Dari Pati singkong Karet (Manihot glaziovii) Dengan Penambahan Gliserol Dan Ekstrak Jahe Merah (Zingiber officinale Var Rubrum) Sebagai Penghambat Bakteri Salmonella

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
Lady Agitasi Amrillah ◽  
Warkoyo Warkoyo ◽  
Desiana Nuriza Putri
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Edible Films ◽  
Edible Film ◽  
Glycerol Concentration ◽  
Ginger Extract ◽  
Manihot Glaziovii ◽  
Red Ginger

The edible film is one of the innovations used to overcome the food packaging problem. Components of edible films are hydrocolloids, lipids, and composites. Glycerol belongs to the hydrocolloid group which serves to maintain the solidity of the film sheet. The edible active film allegedly can inhibit physical, chemicals, and microbiology problems in the packaging which will affect the decline of food quality during storage. With the active compounds contained in red ginger it is expected to inhibit the growth of Salmonella bacteria. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the addition of different concentrations of glycerol and red ginger extract on the physical, mechanical, and inhibitory zones in the resulting edible film produced. This research used a nested design with 2 factors. The first factor was the addition of 20% glycerol concentration; 25%; 30% while the second factor is the addition of 0% red ginger extract; 0.5%; 1%; 1.5%. The treatments were 12 treatments with 3 replications. The parameters of this study include thickness, tensile strength, elasticity, WVTR, transparency, moisture content, solubility, density, and edible inhibition zone against Salmonella bacteria. The results showed that edible active red ginger film with the addition of glycerol had a significant effect on thickness, transparency, tensile strength and inhibition zone. On the addition of red ginger extract, 1.5% can inhibit the growth of Salmonella bacteria up to 34.17 mm.

scholarly journals The influence of technological additives and peroxides on the properties of rubber mixtures based on ethylene propylene caoutchouc

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (10) ◽  
pp. 81-87
Author(s):  
Nikolay F. Ushmarin ◽  
◽  
Lyudmila Yu. Tsareva ◽  
Ksenia A. Konnova ◽  
Maria V. Yakimova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Tensile Elongation ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Physicomechanical Properties ◽  
Dicumyl Peroxide ◽  
Rubber Mixture ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Ethylene Propylene ◽  
Aging In Air

The article investigates the influence of technological additives and peroxides on the properties of two rubber mixtures based on ethylene-propylene caoutchouc of marking SKEPT-40. The main properties were: rheometric (maximum and minimum torques; start, optimum and maximum vulcanization rates; maximum vulcanization rates), physical and mechanical (conditional tensile strength, elongation at break, hardness) and operational (changes in conditional strength at tensile, elongation at break and hardness after aging in air). The resistance of rubbers to the action of high temperatures by methods of differential thermal and thermogravimetric analysis was studied. As technological additives, MA-L22, Struktol WS180, Zincolet BB 222 and Struktol A89 were used. Vulcanizing agents were peroxides: Novoperox BP-40, Percodox BC-FF, Dicumyl Peroxide (DK), Chemanox PX1 and Dicumyl Peroxide DCP 99. The studies were carried out for two rubbers, one of which is intended for the manufacture of molded products, and the second rubber – for sealing profiles. It was shown that the technological additive Zincolet BB 222 increases the vulcanization rate of rubber mixture for molded products. All technological additives used have practically no effect on the conditional tensile strength and hardness vulcanizates of molded products, increasing their elongation at break. The smallest changes in the physical and mechanical properties are characterized by the vulcanizate, which contains the technological additive Zincolet BB 222. Technological additives practically do not affect the process of vulcanization of the rubber mixture and slightly affect the process of destruction of rubber during aging. Of the investigated technological additives Zincolet BB 222 is more conducive to improving the thermal properties of rubber. It has been established that Novoperox BP-40 and Chemanox PX1 peroxides increase the rate of vulcanization of the rubber mixture for sealing profiles. For vulcanizates of this rubber mixture, when Novoperox BP-40 and Chemanox PX1 is replaced with other peroxides, a decrease in the conditional tensile strength, hardness and an increase in the elongation at break are observed. With aging in air, changes in the physicomechanical properties of the vulcanizates of the rubber mixture variants containing Novoperox BP-40 and Chemanox PX1 are insignificant and close to each other.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document