scholarly journals How does mindfulness training improve moral cognition: A theoretical and experimental framework for the study of embodied ethics

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunes Sevinc ◽  
Sara Lazar
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Ethical Behavior ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Mindfulness Meditation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Mindfulness Training ◽  
Moral Cognition ◽  
Moral Action ◽  
The Relationship

Mindfulness meditation has been primarily studied within the context of individual’s psychological well being and/or in relation to it’s potential to enhance cognitive skills such as attention and working memory. However, in Buddhism, mindfulness is used as a tool to cultivate wholesome actions, and as a means to promote virtuous, prosocial qualities. In this article, we postulate that heightened awareness of physiological and mental phenomena following mindfulness training may contribute to altered processing of morally relevant information and promote moral action. We will first briefly summarize neuroscientific investigations into moral cognition, and provide a theoretical and an experimental framework for the investigation of the relationship between mindfulness and ethical behavior.

Mindfulness Training Intervention to Manage Stress and Burnout : A Bibliometric Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shikha Mann ◽  
Surya Rashmi Rawat
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Research Paper ◽  
Mindfulness Training ◽  
Bibliographic Coupling ◽  
Work Outcomes ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Bibliometric Review ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose-Mindfulness training is an emerging area in the field of research. There has been increased interest in this area on account of its usefulness to manage stress and prevent burnout. Yet there is limited research in the said area. Most research has either empirically examined the relationship of mindfulness training and burnout with other variables or it is a systematic review of literature in a sub-domain in that area. In this study, bibliometric analysis of Scopus listed publications is used to visualize the relationships between mindfulness training and burnout. Bibliographic coupling using VoSViewer was performed on the 87 Scopus publications obtained by using the keywords "mindfulness training" and "burnout". The application of bibliographic coupling resulted in 6 clusters. The themes of these 6 clusters as well as details of the top publications are examined in detail to understand the state of research in the area. Purpose: Mindfulness as a concept emerges from Buddhist principles. Mindfulness training is an emerging area of research, particularly in the context of its usefulness in managingstress and also in preventing burnout. In this research paper, the authors aim to systematically present the research in the field of mindfulness training and burnout with reference to most cited publications, countries, journals that are contributing the most to said area of research. Design/Methodology: This study analyses bibliometrically the links between mindfulness training and burnout for the listed publications in Scopus. For this research paper, the open software VOSviewer (van Eck and Waltman, 2010) was used to analyse the coupling of research papers in the area of mindfulness training and burnout to visualize the publications in this area in terms of the authorship. In this case, bibliographic coupling was carried out using VoSViewer with the sample of 87 Scopus publications obtained by using the keywords "mindfulness training" and "burnout". Findings/Conclusion: The bibliographic coupling analysis revealed six clusters. The overall structure of the cluster are: Cluster 2 ( 760), Cluster 1(462), Cluster 3 (300), Cluster 4 (296), Cluster 5 (159) and Cluster 6 (25). The critical papers that link the clusters are Roeser et al., (2013), Mackenzie , Poulin, Seidman-Carlson (2006a), Fortney et al., (2013, p.412), Dobkin, Hutchinson (2013), Moody et al., (2013) and O'Mahony et al., (2017). The application of bibliographic coupling resulted in 6 clusters. The themes of these 6 clusters are - Mindfulness Training Formats, Stress management & well-being, Mindfulness Training and work outcomes, Mindfulness training for Medical professionals and students and Facilitators of Mindfulness Training and end user benefits. Originality/Contribution/Value: This technique can be useful in understanding the evolution of research in the area. Given that this is an emerging area of research this paper can be useful to future researchers to visualize current research in the area and to identify areas of future research.

scholarly journals Performance and belief-based emotion regulation capacity and tendency: Mapping links with cognitive flexibility and perceived stress

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joao F Guassi Moreira ◽  
Razia Sahi ◽  
Emilia Ninova ◽  
Carolyn Parkinson ◽  
Jennifer A Silvers
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Cognitive Flexibility ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Cognitive Reappraisal ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Emotion Regulation Strategies ◽  
Regulation Strategies ◽  
The Relationship

Cognitive reappraisal is among the most effective and well-studied emotion regulation strategies humans have at their disposal. Here, in 250 healthy adults across two preregistered studies, we examined whether reappraisal capacity (the ability to reappraise) and tendency (the propensity to reappraise) differentially relate to perceived stress. In Study 1, we also investigated whether cognitive flexibility, a skill hypothesized to support reappraisal, accounts for associations between reappraisal capacity and tendency, and perceived stress. Intriguingly, cognitive flexibility was unrelated to reappraisal and perceived stress. Both Studies 1 and 2 showed that reappraisal tendency was associated with perceived stress, whereas the relationship between reappraisal capacity and perceived stress was less robust. Further, Study 2 suggested that self-reported beliefs about one’s emotion regulation capacity and tendency were predictive of wellbeing, whereas no such associations were observed with performance-based assessments of capacity and tendency. That associations between reappraisal capacity and tendency and perceived stress were not accounted for by cognitive flexibility or working memory, core cognitive skills, alone, suggests that reappraisal’s links to wellbeing cannot be sufficiently explained by its underlying cognitive parts. Moreover, these data suggest that self-reported perceptions of reappraisal skills may be more predictive of wellbeing than actual reappraisal ability.

scholarly journals RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN POOR DIGESTION AND DISEASE IN PERSPECTIVE OF GRECOARAB MEDICINE

2020 ◽  
pp. 46-47
Author(s):  
Tasfiya Hakeem Ansari ◽  
Mohd. Zulkifle
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
The Body ◽  
Classical Literature ◽  
Broad Term ◽  
Extensive Stage ◽  
Mental Well Being ◽  
The Relationship

Ingested food undergoes extensive stage-wise processing inside the body so that it can provide nourishment to the tissues. This stage-wise processing of food in Greco-Arab medicine is known as digestion. Innate heat plays a vital role in digestion. In Greco-Arab medicine, digestion is a broad term that includes digestion as well as the metabolism of food. Physicians like Galen, Rhazes and Avicenna, etc. believed that good digestion plays a key role in corporal and mental well being. In the classical literature of Greco-Arab medicine various diseases are described that are caused by poor digestion. Several skin diseases like acne as well as mental diseases like depression etc. are related to poor digestion. This relationship between poor digestion and disease is attributed to the production of morbid matter. Relevant literary material is collected from the classical literature of Greco-Arab medicine. Present work is an attempt to analyze and systematize the relevant information regarding the relationship between poor digestion and disease.

scholarly journals Mindfulness meditation moderates the relationship between five prohibitions of Buddhism and subjective wellbeing

2022 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Van Phong
Keyword(s):  
Mindfulness Meditation ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
Subjective Feeling ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship

Vietnam is a country of religious diversity, in which Buddhism has the most significant participation. In addition to practicing the Five Precepts, many Vietnamese people have registered for active mindfulness meditation classes recently. This fact has received significant attention from scientists to add to the evidence of previous studies. Enrich the research literature, so the study explores the role of mindfulness meditation practice as a moderator of the relationship between five precepts practice and subjective perception well-being of Vietnamese adults. This study was conducted through a cross-sectional survey using an intentional sampling technique (n=200). Multivariable linear regression analysis and moderator regression were applied to prove the hypotheses. Research results show a positive and meaningful relationship between practicing mindfulness meditation, practicing the five precepts and feeling subjective happiness. In particular, mindfulness meditation acts as a moderating variable between the practice of the five sexes and the subjective feeling of happiness.

scholarly journals Working Memory Alterations After a Romantic Relationship Breakup

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne M. Verhallen ◽  
Remco J. Renken ◽  
Jan-Bernard C. Marsman ◽  
Gert J. ter Horst
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Depressive Symptom ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Romantic Relationship ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Stressful Event ◽  
Depressive Symptom Severity ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cognitive Alterations

Experiencing stress can have a disadvantageous effect on mental well-being. Additional to the relation between suffering from chronic stress and depression, both stress (acute and chronic) and depression are associated with cognitive alterations, including working memory. The breakup of a relationship is considered to be a stressful event that can lead to symptoms of depression in otherwise healthy people. Additional to elevated depression scores, stress-related cognitive alterations may occur in this population as well. Therefore, in the present fMRI study we investigated whether experiencing a relationship breakup is associated with working memory alterations and whether this is related to depressive symptom severity. A three workload version of the n-back task (0-back, 1-back, 2-back) was used to measure working memory in subjects who experienced a breakup in the preceding 6 months (“heartbreak group”, n = 70) and subjects in a romantic relationship (“relationship group”, n = 46). Behavioral task performance was compared between the two groups. Functional MRI scans were analyzed using General Linear Model (GLM) activation analyses. Workload conditions were contrasted to each other and to baseline and group differences were assessed. To investigate whether brain networks are associated with depressive symptom severity within the heartbreak group specifically, a post hoc feature-based Independent Component Analysis was performed on the 2-back > 0-back contrast images to identify brain regions that covaried across subjects. Behaviorally, the heartbreak group performed similar at high workload (i.e., 2-back) and better at moderate workload (i.e., 1-back) than the relationship group. GLM analysis revealed an interaction between group and 2-back > 0-back, 2-back > 1-back and 2-back > baseline; the heartbreak group showed less precuneus activation compared to the relationship group. Furthermore, within the heartbreak group, we found a negative association between depressive symptom severity and a brain network representing mostly the precuneus, anterior cingulate gyrus and supplementary motor cortex. Our findings suggest that the effect of a breakup is accompanied by workload-dependent working memory alterations. Therefore, we propose that this population can potentially be used to investigate the interplay between stress, cognitive functioning and depression.

scholarly journals Relation of Memory and Linguistic Fields and ICT Tools for Memory and Language Comprehension

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Aglaia Tourimpampa ◽  
Athanasios Drigas ◽  
Alexandra Economou
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Language Comprehension ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Text Comprehension ◽  
Human Memory ◽  
Comprehension Ability ◽  
Ict Tools ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Comprehension Intervention

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of human memory in language   comprehension and   specifically to examine the relationship between the function of working memory and the fields of linguistic analysis which  are  phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics and pragmatics. Working memory -as one of the most important cognitive skills of human brain- comprises a system with specific functions with which the information from the external environment are being transferred, encoded, stored and retrieved. The present  study is an attempt to explore which specific function of working memory is activated in order to decode each linguistic field of analysis. Furthermore,   it features the current scientific achievements on the ICTs processes and tools, which exploit the cognitive skill of memory and they are applied   in the assessment of difficulties in text comprehension, intervention and training of the language comprehension ability.

scholarly journals Individual differences in working memory capacity and filtering

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Kyle Robison ◽  
Ashley L. Miller ◽  
Nash Unsworth
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Working Memory Capacity ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Irrelevant Information ◽  
Constant Number ◽  
Complex Span ◽  
Span Tasks ◽  
Trial Basis ◽  
The Relationship

In three experiments we examined individual differences in working memory (WM) and their relationship with filtering – the selective encoding and maintenance of relevant information in the presence of irrelevant information. While some accounts argue that filtering is an important element of individual differences in WM (McNab & Klingberg, 2008; Robison & Unsworth, 2017a; Unsworth & Robison, 2016; Vogel, McCollough, & Machizawa, 2005), recent investigations have challenged this view (Mall, Morey, Wolff, & Lehnert, 2014; Shipstead, Lindsey, Marshall, & Engle, 2014). In all three experiments, we measured WM span with three complex span tasks and then had participants complete a visual WM task with a filtering component. In Experiment 1, participants were instructed to remember the orientation of relevant items (red rectangles) and ignore irrelevant items (blue rectangles). In Experiment 2, the color of relevant items changed randomly on a trial-by-trial basis. In Experiment 3, we presented a constant number of items. On half of trials, participants were told which color item would be tested before each trial. On the other half of trials, participants received no such cue. In situations where filtering was especially required, WM span accounted for a significant portion of variance in filtering trials beyond shared variance between filtering and non-filtering trials. We argue that filtering is one of several control processes that gives rise to individual differences in WM, but that the relationship is constrained by the degree to which filtering is demanded by the task.

scholarly journals The Relative Contributions of Live and Recorded Online Mindfulness Training Programs to Lower Stress in the Workplace: A Longitudinal Observational Study (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Q Wolever ◽  
Michael TM Finn ◽  
Denise Shields
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Stress Reduction ◽  
Mindfulness Meditation ◽  
Sampling Bias ◽  
Mindfulness Training ◽  
Delivery Mode ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Post Assessment

BACKGROUND Despite numerous gaps in the literature, mindfulness training in the workplace is rapidly proliferating. Many “online” or “digital mindfulness” programs do not distinguish between live teaching and recorded or asynchronous sessions, yet differences in delivery mode (e.g., face-to-face, online live, online self-guided, other) may explain outcomes. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to use existing data from an online mindfulness solutions company to assess the relative contribution of live and recorded mindfulness training to lower perceived stress in employees. METHODS Perceived stress and the amount of live and recorded online mindfulness training accessed by employees were assessed during eMindful’s One-Percent Challenge (OPC). The OPC is a 30-day program wherein participants are encouraged to spend 1% of their day (14 min) practicing mindfulness meditation on the platform. We used linear, mixed effects models to assess the relationship between stress reduction and usage of components of the eMindful platform (live teaching and recorded options) while controlling for potential reporting bias (completion) and sampling bias. RESULTS Participants who registered for the OPC included 8,431 from 44 companies, with 92% completing stress assessments prior to the OPC, and 28% completing the post-assessment. About a quarter completed both assessments (27%; n = 2,407). Most completers engaged in the platform at least once (90%), 8.5% accessed only recorded sessions while 33.8% participated only in the live programs. Most participants engaged in both live and recorded options, with those who used recordings at all (32.2%) tending to use them 3-4 times. Controlling for completer status, participation at all with the eMindful OPC reduced stress, B = -.32 [-0.35 – -0.30], SE = .01, t(2393.25) = -24.99, p < .001, Cohen’s d = -1.02. Participation in live programs drove decreases in stress, B = -.03, SE = .01, t(3258.61) = -3.03, p = .002, d = -.11, while participation in recorded classes alone did not. Regular practice across the month led to greater reduction in stress. CONCLUSIONS Live mindfulness programs, with recorded or on demand programs used to supplement live practices, confers the strongest likelihood of achieving a significant decrease in stress levels. CLINICALTRIAL NA

What sentimentalists should say about emotion

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlie Kurth
Keyword(s):  
Moral Judgment ◽  
Recent Work ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Moral Cognition ◽  
Multilevel Structure

Abstract Recent work by emotion researchers indicates that emotions have a multilevel structure. Sophisticated sentimentalists should take note of this work – for it better enables them to defend a substantive role for emotion in moral cognition. Contra May's rationalist criticisms, emotions are not only able to carry morally relevant information, but can also substantially influence moral judgment and reasoning.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document