scholarly journals Systematic review and meta-analysis of the relationship between the heartbeat-evoked potential and interoception.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel-Pierre Coll ◽  
Hannah Hobson ◽  
Jennifer Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Evoked Potential ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
The Body ◽  
Indirect Measures ◽  
Heartbeat Evoked Potential ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
The Relationship

The Heartbeat Evoked Potential (HEP) has been proposed as a neurophysiological marker of interoceptive processing. Despite its use to validate interoceptive measures and to assess interoceptive functioning in clinical groups, the empirical evidence for a relationship between HEP amplitude and interoceptive processing, including measures of such processing, is scattered across several studies with varied designs. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the body of HEP-interoception research, and consider the associations the HEP shows with various direct and indirect measures of interoception, and how it is affected by manipulations of interoceptive processing. Specifically, we assessed the effect on HEP amplitude of manipulating attention to the heartbeat; manipulating participants’ arousal; the association between the HEP and behavioural measures of cardiac interoception; and comparisons between healthy and clinical groups. Following database searches and screening, 45 studies were included in the systematic review and 42 in the meta-analyses. We noted variations in the ways individual studies have attempted to address key confounds, particularly the cardiac field artefact. Meta-analytic summaries indicated there were moderate to large effects of attention, arousal, and clinical status on the HEP, and a moderate association between HEP amplitude and behavioural measures of interoception. Problematically, the reliability of the meta-analytic effects documented here remain unknown, given the lack of standardised protocols for measuring the HEP. Thus, it is possible effects are driven by confounds such as cardiac factors or somatosensory effects.

scholarly journals Psychiatric Manifestations of Coeliac Disease, a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Clappison ◽  
Marios Hadjivassiliou ◽  
Panagiotis Zis
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Coeliac Disease ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Psychiatric Manifestations ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Coeliac disease (CD) is increasingly prevalent and is associated with both gastrointestinal (GI) and extra-intestinal manifestations. Psychiatric disorders are amongst extra-intestinal manifestations proposed. The relationship between CD and such psychiatric disorders is not well recognised or understood. Aim: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to provide a greater understanding of the existing evidence and theories surrounding psychiatric manifestations of CD. Methodology: An online literature search using PubMed was conducted, the prevalence data for both CD and psychiatric disorders was extracted from eligible articles. Meta analyses on odds ratios were also performed. Results: A total of 37 articles were included in this review. A significant increase in risk was detected for autistic spectrum disorder (OR 1.53, 95% CI 1.24–1.88, p < 0.0001), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (OR 1.39, 95% CI 1.18–1.63, p < 0.0001), depression (OR 2.17, 95% CI 2.17–11.15, p < 0.0001), anxiety (OR 6.03, 95% CI 2.22–16.35, p < 0.0001), and eating disorders (OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.37–1.91, p < 0.00001) amongst the CD population compared to healthy controls. No significant differences were found for bipolar disorder (OR 2.35, 95% CI 2.29–19.21, p = 0.43) or schizophrenia (OR 0.46, 95% CI 0.02–10.18, p = 0.62). Conclusion: CD is associated with an increased risk of depression, anxiety, eating disorders as well as ASD and ADHD. More research is required to investigate specific biological explanations as well as any effect of gluten free diet.

scholarly journals Prognostic value of miR-21 for prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
MY Cynthia Stafford ◽  
Colin E Willoughby ◽  
Colum P Walsh ◽  
Declan J McKenna
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Clinical Biomarker ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
The Relationship

Elevated levels of miR-21 expression are associated with many cancers, suggesting it may be a promising clinical biomarker. In prostate cancer (PCa), however, there is still no consensus about the usefulness of miR-21 as an indicator of disease progression. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the value of miR-21 expression as a prognostic measurement in PCa patients. Medline (Ovid), EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched for relevant publications between 2010 to 2021. Studies exploring the relationship between miR-21 expression, PCa prognosis and clinicopathological factors were selected for review. Those reporting hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were subject to meta-analyses. Fixed-effect models were employed to calculated pooled HRs and 95% CIs. Risk of bias in each study was assessed using QUIPS tool. Certainty of evidence in each meta-analysis was assessed using GRADE guidelines. A total of 64 studies were included in the systematic review. Of these, 11 were eligible for inclusion in meta-analysis. Meta-analyses revealed that high miR-21 expression was associated with poor prognosis: HR=1.58 (95% CI=1.19-2.09) for biochemical recurrence, MODERATE certainty; HR=1.46 (95% CI=1.06-2.01) for death, VERY LOW certainty; and HR=1.26 (95% CI=0.70-2.27) for disease progression, VERY LOW certainty. Qualitative summary revealed elevated miR-21 expression was significantly positively associated with PCa stage, Gleason score and risk groups. This systematic review and meta-analysis suggests that elevated levels of miR-21 are associated with poor prognosis in PCa patients. miR-21 expression may therefore be a useful prognostic biomarker in this disease.

scholarly journals Adolescent Sport Participation and Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-218
Author(s):  
Michael J. Panza ◽  
Scott Graupensperger ◽  
Jennifer P. Agans ◽  
Isabelle Doré ◽  
Stewart A. Vella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Sport Participation ◽  
Causal Effect ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Organized Sport ◽  
Protective Environment ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
The Relationship

Sport may protect against symptoms of mental disorders that are increasingly prevalent among adolescents. This systematic review explores the relationship between adolescent organized sport participation and self-reported symptoms of anxiety and depression. From 9,955 records screened, 29 unique articles were selected that included 61 effect sizes and 122,056 participants. Effects were clustered into four categories based on the operationalization of sport involvement: absence or presence of involvement, frequency of involvement, volume of involvement, and duration of participation. Results from the random-effects meta-analyses indicated that symptoms of anxiety and depression were significantly lower among sport-involved adolescents than in those not involved in sport, although this effect size was small in magnitude. Meta-regression was used to identify how age and sex explained heterogeneity in effects. Although these results do not signify a causal effect, they do support theorizing that sport participation during adolescence may be a protective environment against anxiety and depressive symptoms.

scholarly journals Mood Disorders and Gluten: It’s Not All in Your Mind! A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleanor Busby ◽  
Justine Bold ◽  
Lindsey Fellows ◽  
Kamran Rostami
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Prospective Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Future Research ◽  
One Year ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
The Relationship

Gluten elimination may represent an effective treatment strategy for mood disorders in individuals with gluten-related disorders. However, the directionality of the relationship remains unclear. We performed a systematic review of prospective studies for effects of gluten on mood symptoms in patients with or without gluten-related disorders. Six electronic databases (CINAHL, PsycINFO, Medline, Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane Library) were searched, from inception to 8 August 2018, for prospective studies published in English. Meta-analyses with random-effects were performed. Three randomised-controlled trials and 10 longitudinal studies comprising 1139 participants fit the inclusion criteria. A gluten-free diet (GFD) significantly improved pooled depressive symptom scores in GFD-treated patients (Standardised Mean Difference (SMD) −0.37, 95% confidence interval (CI) −0.55 to −0.20; p < 0.0001), with no difference in mean scores between patients and healthy controls after one year (SMD 0.01, 95% CI −0.18 to 0.20, p = 0.94). There was a tendency towards worsening symptoms for non-coeliac gluten sensitive patients during a blinded gluten challenge vs. placebo (SMD 0.21, 95% CI −0.58 to 0.15; p = 0.25). Our review supports the association between mood disorders and gluten intake in susceptible individuals. The effects of a GFD on mood in subjects without gluten-related disorders should be considered in future research.

scholarly journals Associations between lifestyle interventions during pregnancy and childhood weight and growth: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roxana Raab ◽  
Sophie Michel ◽  
Julia Günther ◽  
Julia Hoffmann ◽  
Lynne Stecher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Lifestyle Interventions ◽  
Childhood Weight ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Background Maternal health and lifestyle during pregnancy may be critical for the onset and progression of childhood obesity. Prenatal lifestyle interventions have been shown to positively affect maternal behaviors, gestational weight gain, and anthropometric outcomes in infants at birth. The influence of such interventions on child weight or growth beyond birth is unknown. We therefore examined the association between lifestyle interventions during pregnancy and anthropometric outcomes during childhood. Methods A systematic literature search was conducted in three electronic databases, two clinical trial registers and further sources, without language or publication status restrictions. Additionally, 110 study authors were contacted to obtain unpublished data. Randomized controlled trials comparing any antenatal lifestyle or behavioral intervention to standard prenatal care, in women of any body mass index (BMI), with offspring anthropometric data at 1 month of age or older, were considered. Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed the risk of bias using the Cochrane Collaboration’s updated tool. Data on weight, length, and BMI, and corresponding z-scores, were stratified into six age ranges and weighted mean differences (WMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated in univariate and multivariate random-effects meta-analytical models. Results Twenty trials comprising 11,385 women were included in this systematic review, of which 19 were combined in meta-analyses. Overall, lifestyle interventions during pregnancy were not associated with differences in weight, length, BMI, or corresponding z-scores, in children aged 1 month to 7 years (e.g. weight in 5 to 6 month old children, WMD: 0.02 kg; 95% CI: − 0.05 to 0.10 kg, I2 = 38%; 13 studies, 6667 participants). Findings remained consistent when studies were stratified by maternal baseline BMI or other risk factors, and intervention content and duration. Based on the GRADE criteria, the strength of the body of evidence was considered moderate. Conclusion Prenatal lifestyle interventions were not shown to influence childhood weight or growth. Nevertheless, women should be encouraged to pursue a healthy lifestyle during pregnancy. Further efforts to establish early prevention strategies for childhood obesity are urgently needed. Thus, large, high-quality studies with pre-planned, long-term follow-ups are warranted. Trial registration PROSPERO CRD42018118678.

scholarly journals Food insecurity and hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0241628
Author(s):  
Sourik Beltrán ◽  
Marissa Pharel ◽  
Canada T. Montgomery ◽  
Itzel J. López-Hinojosa ◽  
Daniel J. Arenas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Patient Population ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Blood Pressures ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
The Relationship

Background Food insecurity (FIS) is an important public health issue associated with cardiovascular risk. Given the association of FIS with diets of poorer nutritional quality and higher salt intake as well as chronic stress, numerous studies have explored the link between FIS and hypertension. However, no systematic review or meta-analysis has yet to integrate or analyze the existing literature. Methods We performed a wide and inclusive search of peer-reviewed quantitative data exploring FIS and hypertension. A broad-terms, systematic search of the literature was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science for all English-language, human studies containing primary data on the relationship between FIS and hypertension. Patient population characteristics, study size, and method to explore hypertension were extracted from each study. Effect sizes including odds ratios and standardized mean differences were extracted or calculated based on studies’ primary data. Comparable studies were combined by the random effects model for meta-analyses along with assessment of heterogeneity and publication bias. Results A total of 36 studies were included in the final analyses. The studies were combined into different subgroups for meta-analyses as there were important differences in patient population characteristics, methodology to assess hypertension, and choice of effect size reporting (or calculability from primary data). For adults, there were no significantly increased odds of elevated blood pressures for food insecure individuals in studies where researchers measured the blood pressures: OR = 0.91 [95%CI: 0.79, 1.04; n = 29,781; Q(df = 6) = 7.6; I2 = 21%]. This remained true upon analysis of studies which adjusted for subject BMI. Similarly, in studies for which the standardized mean difference was calculable, there was no significant difference in measured blood pressures between food secure and FIS individuals: g = 0.00 [95%CI: -0.04, 0.05; n = 12,122; Q(df = 4) = 3.6; I2 = 0%]. As for retrospective studies that inspected medical records for diagnosis of hypertension, there were no significantly increased odds of hypertension in food insecure adults: OR = 1.11 [95%CI: 0.86, 1.42; n = 2,887; Q(df = 2) = 0.7; I2 = 0%]. In contrast, there was a significant association between food insecurity and self-reports of previous diagnoses of hypertension: 1.46 [95%CI: 1.13, 1.88; n = 127,467; Q(df = 7) = 235; I2 = 97%]. Only five pediatric studies were identified which together showed a significant association between FIS and hypertension: OR = 1.44 [95%CI: 1.16, 1.79; n = 19,038; Q(df = 4) = 5.7; I2 = 30%]. However, the small number of pediatric studies were not sufficient for subgroup meta-analyses based on individual study methodologies. Discussion In this systematic review and meta-analysis, an association was found between adult FIS and self-reported hypertension, but not with hypertension determined by blood pressure measurement or chart review. Further, while there is evidence of an association between FIS and hypertension among pediatric subjects, the limited number of studies precluded a deeper analysis of this association. These data highlight the need for more rigorous and longitudinal investigations of the relationship between FIS and hypertension in adult and pediatric populations.

scholarly journals Paradoks Konsumsi Kopi Terhadap Risiko Kejadian Stroke: Sebuah Kajian Sistematis

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-60
Author(s):  
Andi Muh. Aunul Khaliq Gunawan ◽  
Indah Nurul Khairunnisa ◽  
Muthia Kintan Fais
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Coffee Consumption ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The World ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Coffee is one of the drinks most often consumed throughout the world and is the second most popular beverage in the world after water. At present, the effect of coffee consumption on the human body is increasingly being studied, especially on the cardiovascular system. Many studies say that coffee consumption can prevent stroke, either directly or indirectly against stroke risk factors by a variety of mechanisms caused by the compounds contained in coffee. However, to date various prospective studies looking at the relationship between coffee consumption and stroke risk are still inconsistent. Objectives: To determine the relationship of coffee consumption with the risk of stroke. Methods: We searched on MEDLINE and PubMed, using the keywords “coffee” or “caffeine” and "stroke or cardiovascular events" which follows the flow and search rules of the Reporting Item Options for Systematic Review and Meta Analysis (PRISMA) to find studies with cohort design in the last 10 years starting in 2009-2019. Discussion: Among 226 citations identified in this systematic review, only 10 studies met the inclusion criteria. Four studies provided evidence that coffee consumption habits were not associated with an increased risk of stroke, while 6 other studies explaining that more coffee consumption has protective benefits against the risk of stroke. Conclusion: Coffee consumption shows a preventive effect on stroke risk. Keywords: caffeine, coffee, relative risk, stroke risk   Latar Belakang: Kopi merupakan salah satu minuman yang paling sering dikonsumsi di seluruh dunia dan menjadi minuman populer kedua di dunia setelah air. Saat ini, pengaruh konsumsi kopi untuk tubuh manusia semakin banyak diteliti, khususnya terhadap sistem kardiovaskular. Banyak penelitian mengatakan bahwa konsumsi kopi dapat mencegah timbulnya penyakit stroke, baik secara langsung atau tidak langsung terhadap faktor risiko stroke dengan beragam mekanisme yang ditimbulkan oleh senyawa yang terkandung dalam kopi. Namun, hingga saat ini beragam studi prospektif yang mengamati hubungan antara konsumsi kopi dan risiko stroke masih belum konsisten. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui hubungan konsumsi kopi dengan risiko terjadinya stroke. Metode: Pencarian dilakukan pada MEDLINE dan PubMed dengan menggunakan kata kunci “coffee or caffeine” and “stroke or cardiovascular events”. yang mengikuti alur dan kaidah pencarian Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) untuk mencari studi dengan desain cohort dalam rentang waktu 10 tahun terakhir mulai tahun 2009-2019. Pembahasan: Dari 226 sitasi yang teridentifikasi pada systematic review, hanya 10 studi yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi. Empat penelitian memberikan bukti bahwa kebiasaan mengonsumsi kopi tidak dikaitkan dengan peningkatan risiko stroke, sedangkan 6 penelitian lainnya, menjelaskan bahwa konsumsi kopi yang lebih banyak memiliki manfaat perlindungan terhadap risiko kejadian stroke. Kesimpulan: Konsumsi kopi menunjukkan efek pencegahan terhadap risiko stroke. Kata Kunci: kafein, kopi, risiko relatif, risiko stroke

scholarly journals Motor performance and back pain in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matias Noll ◽  
Niels Wedderkopp ◽  
Carolina Rodrigues Mendonça ◽  
Per Kjaer
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Motor Performance ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Assessment Development ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Background The relationship between motor performance and back pain in children and adolescents remains unclear. This article describes the protocol for a systematic review to summarize the knowledge about the association between motor performance, such as agility, flexibility, balance, strength, muscle endurance, and cardiorespiratory fitness, and back pain. Thus, our aim is to identify the influence of motor performance on back pain among children and adolescents. Methods Two independent researchers will search MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, SPORTDiscus, and CINAHL databases, with no period or language restrictions. We will include cross-sectional, cohort, case-control, and controlled clinical trial studies based on the following criteria: (a) participants from 6 to 19 years of age, (b) assessment of motor performance, (c) assessment of back pain, and (d) report measures of associations between motor performance and back pain. Study quality and risk of bias will be assessed using an adapted version of the Downs and Black instrument. Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations will be used to assess the strength of the body of evidence. Meta-analyses of association measures will be performed for each type of motor performance, separately for different study types. The results will be reported using forest to show the pooled effect of findings and funnel plots to assess precision of the data. If studies are not homogeneous, results from the meta-analyses will not be reported. Associations will then be synthesized descriptively using a pragmatic approach. Discussion This systematic review will provide critical insights into the association between motor performance and back pain among children and adolescents; this information may help support clinical practice guidelines as well as public health programs. Ethics and dissemination Protocol was written according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Systematic review registration PROSPERO CRD42020178496

scholarly journals GABA, Glutamate and Neural Activity: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis of Multimodal 1H-MRS-fMRI Studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Kiemes ◽  
Cathy Davies ◽  
Matthew J. Kempton ◽  
Paulina B. Lukow ◽  
Carly Bennallick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Neural Activity ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Emotion Processing ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Local Brain ◽  
And Task

Multimodal neuroimaging studies combining proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) to quantify GABA and/or glutamate concentrations and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to measure brain activity non-invasively have advanced understanding of how neurochemistry and neurophysiology may be related at a macroscopic level. The present study aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of available studies examining the relationship between 1H-MRS glutamate and/or GABA levels and task-related fMRI signal in the healthy brain. Ovid (Medline, Embase, and PsycINFO) and Pubmed databases were systematically searched to identify articles published until December 2019. The primary outcome of interest was the association between resting levels of glutamate or GABA and task-related fMRI. Fifty-five papers were identified for inclusion in the systematic review. A further 22 studies were entered into four separate meta-analyses. These meta-analyses found evidence of significant negative associations between local GABA levels and (a) fMRI activation to visual tasks in the occipital lobe, and (b) activation to emotion processing in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC)/anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). However, there was no significant association between mPFC/ACC glutamate levels and fMRI activation to cognitive control tasks or to emotional processing, with the relationship to emotion processing related neural activity narrowly missing significance. Moreover, our systematic review also found converging evidence of negative associations between GABA levels and local brain activity, and positive associations between glutamate levels and distal brain activity, outside of the 1H-MRS sampling region. Albeit less consistently, additional relationships between GABA levels and distal brain activity and between glutamate levels and local brain activity were found. It remains unclear if the absence of effects for other brain regions and other cognitive-emotional domains reflects study heterogeneity or potential confounding effects of age, sex, or other unknown factors. Advances in 1H-MRS methodology as well as in the integration of 1H-MRS readouts with other imaging modalities for indexing neural activity hold great potential to reveal key aspects of the pathophysiology of mental health disorders involving aberrant interactions between neurochemistry and neurophysiology such as schizophrenia.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document