scholarly journals An Evaluation of Extended Duration Multi-touch Interaction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiroq Al-Megren
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
The Body ◽  
Interaction Techniques ◽  
Interaction Technique ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Power Frequency ◽  
Tabletop Interaction ◽  
The Difference

The goal of this project is to evaluate the extended use of multi-touch interactiontechniques, more specifically the ergonomic convenience of existing bimanual andunimanual interaction techniques and personal preference over an extended period of time for both horizontal and vertical tabletops. Objective localized muscle fatigue, muscle activity, and subjective perceived exertion measures were administrated. In the experimental design, electromyograms were recorded during tabletop interaction technique and voluntary isometric contractions were recorded pre- and post-tabletop activity for the biceps brachii, middle deltoid, and extensor digitorum for both sides of the body. Changes in the median power frequency (MPF) and root mean square (RMS) were explored to examine muscular fatigue and activity respectively. MPF was found sensitive to fatigue for some muscles on both the horizontal and vertical condition where a decline in MPF was noted, albeit statistically insignificant. Perceived exertion ratings have shown an increase by the end of the task where the difference between the means was found to be statistically significant for the vertical condition but not the horizontal one. The electromyograms recordings, along with video recordings, have shown the sustainability of the interaction techniques adopted at the beginning of the task to the end of that task, which included both unimanual and bimanual techniques.

scholarly journals Provision of instructions to drink ad libitum or according to thirst sensation: impact during 120 km of cycling in the heat in men

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascale Claveau ◽  
Thomas A. Deshayes ◽  
David Jeker ◽  
Timothée Pancrate ◽  
Eric D.B. Goulet
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Fluid Balance ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Prolonged Exercise ◽  
The Body ◽  
Drinking Patterns ◽  
Fluid Ingestion ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
The Difference

The terms drinking to thirst and ad libitum drinking are used interchangeably, but should they? We investigated the differences in how athletes consume fluids during exercise when instructed to drink according to thirst or ad libitum. Using a randomized, crossover and counterbalanced design, 10 males (27 ± 4 y) cycled 120 km (48 ± 4% of peak power, 33°C, 40% relative humidity) on two occasions, while drinking water according to thirst or ad libitum. Participants covered the cycling trials in 222 ± 11 min (p = 0.29). Although the body mass loss at the end of exercise and total volume of water consumed were similar between trials, thirst perception before each sip and the volume consumed per sip were significantly higher with thirst than ad libitum drinking, whereas the total number of sips was significantly lower with thirst than ad libitum drinking. Perceived exertion, rectal temperature and heart rate were all significantly higher with thirst than ad libitum drinking, but the difference was trivial. In conclusion, thirst and ad libitum drinking are associated with different drinking patterns, but equally maintain fluid balance during prolonged exercise. The terms drinking to thirst and ad libitum drinking can be used interchangeably for guiding fluid intake during prolonged exercise. NOVELTY • Both strategies are associated with different patterns of fluid ingestion during prolonged exercise, but are equally effective in maintaining fluid balance; • Perceived exertion, rectal temperature and heart rate are regulated dissimilarly by thirst and ad libitum drinking, but the difference is trivial.

Our Bodies, Whose Property?

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Labor Markets ◽  
Personal Autonomy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Complex Issue ◽  
Human Organs ◽  
Property Owners ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right

No one wants to be treated like an object, regarded as an item of property, or put up for sale. Yet many people frame personal autonomy in terms of self-ownership, representing themselves as property owners with the right to do as they wish with their bodies. Others do not use the language of property, but are similarly insistent on the rights of free individuals to decide for themselves whether to engage in commercial transactions for sex, reproduction, or organ sales. Drawing on analyses of rape, surrogacy, and markets in human organs, this book challenges notions of freedom based on ownership of our bodies and argues against the normalization of markets in bodily services and parts. The book explores the risks associated with metaphors of property and the reasons why the commodification of the body remains problematic. The book asks what is wrong with thinking of oneself as the owner of one's body? What is wrong with making our bodies available for rent or sale? What, if anything, is the difference between markets in sex, reproduction, or human body parts, and the other markets we commonly applaud? The book contends that body markets occupy the outer edges of a continuum that is, in some way, a feature of all labor markets. But it also emphasizes that we all have bodies, and considers the implications of this otherwise banal fact for equality. Bodies remind us of shared vulnerability, alerting us to the common experience of living as embodied beings in the same world. Examining the complex issue of body exceptionalism, the book demonstrates that treating the body as property makes human equality harder to comprehend.

Theory-Practice Gap: The Experiences of Nigerian Nursing Students

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Titilayo Dorothy Odetola ◽  
Olusola Oluwasola ◽  
Christoph Pimmer ◽  
Oluwafemi Dipeolu ◽  
Samson Oluwayemi Akande ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
The Body ◽  
Clinical Staff ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Practice Gap ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Analyse Data ◽  
Theory Practice Gap

The “disconnect” between the body of knowledge acquired in classroom settings and the application of this knowledge in clinical practice is one of the main reasons for professional fear, anxiety and feelings of incompetence among freshly graduated nurses. While the phenomenon of the theory-to-practice gap has been researched quite extensively in high-income country settings much less is known about nursing students’ experiences in a developing country context. To rectify this shortcoming, the qualitative study investigated the experiences of nursing students in their attempt to apply what they learn in classrooms in clinical learning contexts in seven sites in Nigeria. Thematic content analysis was used to analyse data gained from eight focus group discussions (n = 80) with the students. The findings reveal a multifaceted theory-practice gap which plays out along four tensions: (1) procedural, i.e. the difference between practices from education institutions and the ones enacted in clinical wards – and contradictions that emerge even within one clinical setting; (2) political, i.e. conflicts that arise between students and clinical staff, especially personnel with a lower qualification profile than the degree that students pursue; (3) material, i.e. the disconnect between contemporary instruments and equipment available in schools and the lack thereof in clinical settings; and (4) temporal, i.e. restricted opportunities for supervised practice owing to time constraints in clinical settings in which education tends to be undervalued. Many of these aspects are linked to and aggravated by infrastructural limitations, which are typical for the setting of a developing country. Nursing students need to be prepared regarding how to deal with the identified procedural, political, material and temporal tensions before and while being immersed in clinical practice, and, in so doing, they need to be supported by educationally better qualified clinical staff.

Perbedaan Penggunaan Antikoagulan K2EDTA DAN K3EDTA Terhadap Hasil Pemeriksaan Indeks Eritrosit

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 114
Author(s):  
Wahdaniah Wahdaniah ◽  
Sri Tumpuk
Keyword(s):  
Screening Test ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ethylene Diamine ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetate ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Index Value

Abstract: Routine blood examination is the earliest blood test or screening test to determine the diagnosis of an abnormality. Blood easily froze if it is outside the body and can be prevented by the addition of anticoagulants, one of which Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetate (EDTA). Currently available vacuum tubes containing EDTA anticoagulants in the form of K2EDTA and K3EDTA. K3EDTA is usually a salt that has better stability than other EDTA salts because it shows a pH approaching a blood pH of about 6.4. The purpose of this research is to know the difference of erythrocyte index results include MCH, MCV and MCHC using K3EDTA anticoagulant with K2EDTA. This research is a cross sectional design. This study used venous blood samples mixed with K2EDTA anticoagulant and venous blood mixed with K3EDTA anticoagulants, each of 30 samples. Data were collected and analyzed using paired different test. Based on data analysis that has been done on MCH examination, p value <0,05 then there is a significant difference between samples with K3EDTA anticoagulant with K2EDTA to erythrocyte index value. Then on the examination of MCV and MCHC obtained p value <0.05 then there is no significant difference between samples with K3EDTA anticoagulant with K2EDTA to erythrocyte index value.Abstrak: Pemeriksaan darah rutin merupakan pemeriksaan darah yang paling awal atau screening test untuk mengetahui diagnosis suatu kelainan. Darah mudah membeku jika berada diluar tubuh dan bisa dicegah dengan penambahan antikoagulan, salah satunya Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetate (EDTA). Dewasa ini telah tersedia tabung vakum yang sudah berisi antikoagulan EDTA dalam bentuk  K2EDTA dan  K3EDTA. K3EDTA  biasanya berupa garam yang mempunyai stabilitas yang lebih baik dari garam EDTA yang lain karena menunjukkan pH yang mendekati pH darah yaitu sekitar 6,4. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan hasil indeks eritrosit meliputi MCH, MCV dan MCHC menggunakan antikoagulan K3EDTA dengan K2EDTA. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dengan desain cross sectional. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel darah vena yang dicampur dengan antikoagulan K2EDTA dan darah vena yang dicampur dengan antikoagulan K3EDTA, masing-masing sebanyak 30 sampel. Data dikumpulkan dan dianalisis menggunakan uji beda berpasangan. Berdasarkan analisis data yang telah dilakukan pada pemeriksaan MCH didapatkan nilai p < 0,05 maka ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara sampel dengan antikoagulan K3EDTA dengan K2EDTA terhadap nilai indeks eritrosit. Kemudian pada pemeriksaan MCV dan MCHC didapatkan nilai p < 0,05 maka tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara sampel dengan antikoagulan K3EDTA dengan K2EDTA terhadap nilai indeks eritrosit.

Effect of Sample Storage Conditions on Body Burden Analysis of Organic Contaminants in Unionid Mussels

1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 833-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Micheline Hanna
Keyword(s):  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Body Burden ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sample Storage ◽  
Pcb Congeners ◽  
Unionid Mussels ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B

Abstract In order to quantitatively assess the effect of sample storage conditions on the body burden analysis of organic contaminants, a comparative analysis was carried out on the unionid mussel Elliptic complanata. The mussels were divided into two groups, each with distinct storage conditions, while Group A was kept in the freezer at −20°C, Group B was kept in the refrigerator for five days at 5°C. All the compounds present in the control were also present in Group B samples. Analysis of the organic contaminants in each of these two groups showed that for total PCB concentrations, the two treatments were not significantly different; however when compared individually 6 of the 13 PCB congeners showed significant differences. The observed differences were relatively small for individual PCB congeners (7.1 to 15.3%), higher for chlorobenzenes (10.5 to 36.4%), and yet higher for HCE (44.1%); the difference for HCE, although large is nevertheless not significant, even if only marginally so.

scholarly journals The Respiration of some Planktonic copepods II. The Effect Of Temperature

1953 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 447-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. T. Gauld ◽  
J. E. G. Raymont
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Acartia Clausi ◽  
Temora Longicornis ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Planktonic Copepods ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship

The respiratory rates of three species of planktonic copepods, Acartia clausi, Centropages hamatus and Temora longicornis, were measured at four different temperatures.The relationship between respiratory rate and temperature was found to be similar to that previously found for Calanus, although the slope of the curves differed in the different species.The observations on Centropages at 13 and 170 C. can be divided into two groups and it is suggested that the differences are due to the use of copepods from two different generations.The relationship between the respiratory rates and lengths of Acartia and Centropages agreed very well with that previously found for other species. That for Temora was rather different: the difference is probably due to the distinct difference in the shape of the body of Temora from those of the other species.The application of these measurements to estimates of the food requirements of the copepods is discussed.

scholarly journals Changes in Children’s Body Composition and Posture during Puberty Growth

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 288
Author(s):  
Wojciech Rusek ◽  
Joanna Baran ◽  
Justyna Leszczak ◽  
Marzena Adamczyk ◽  
Rafał Baran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Pelvic Obliquity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Posture ◽  
Older Children ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right

The main goal of our study was to determine how the age of children, puberty and anthropometric parameters affect the formation of body composition and faulty body posture development in children. The secondary goal was to determine in which body segments abnormalities most often occur and how gender differentiates the occurrence of adverse changes in children’s body posture and body composition during puberty. The study group consisted of 464 schoolchildren aged from 6–16. Body posture was assessed with the Zebris system. The composition of the body mass was tested with Tanita MC 780 MA body mass analyzer and the body height was measured using a portable stadiometer PORTSTAND 210. The participants were further divided due to the age of puberty. Tanner division was adopted. The cut-off age for girls is ≥10 years and for boys it is ≥12 years. The analyses applied descriptive statistics, the Pearson correlation, stepwise regression analysis and the t-test. The accepted level of significance was p < 0.05. The pelvic obliquity was lower in older children (beta = −0.15). We also see that age played a significant role in the difference in the height of the right pelvis (beta = −0.28), and the difference in the height of the right shoulder (beta = 0.23). Regression analysis showed that the content of adipose tissue (FAT%) increased with body mass index (BMI) and decreased with increasing weight, age, and height. Moreover, the FAT% was lower in boys than in girls (beta negative equal to −0.39). It turned out that older children (puberty), had greater asymmetry in the right shoulder blade (p < 0.001) and right shoulder (p = 0.003). On the other hand, younger children (who were still before puberty) had greater anomalies in the left trunk inclination (p = 0.048) as well as in the pelvic obliquity (p = 0.008). Girls in puberty were characterized by greater asymmetry on the right side, including the shoulders (p = 0.001), the scapula (p = 0.001) and the pelvis (p < 0.001). In boys, the problem related only to the asymmetry of the shoulder blades (p < 0.001). Girls were characterized by a greater increase in adipose tissue and boys by muscle tissue. Significant differences also appeared in the body posture of the examined children. Greater asymmetry within scapulas and shoulders were seen in children during puberty. Therefore, a growing child should be closely monitored to protect them from the adverse consequences of poor posture or excessive accumulation of adipose tissue in the body.

Speech Methodologies in Cleft Palate Assessment: A Pilot Project to Compare Two Phonetically Different Sentence Sets

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-72
Author(s):  
Jennie Smith ◽  
Tim Pring ◽  
Debbie Sell
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Consecutive Series ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Audio Video ◽  
Age Range ◽  
The Impact

Objective: To investigate the impact of the phonetic content of two sentence sets on speech outcomes, specifically the effects of nasal phonemes. Method: Audio-video recordings of a consecutive series of 15 participants (age range 4–22 years), with cleft palate (syndromic or non-syndromic), with and without velopharyngeal dysfunction were taken. Participants repeated Sentence Set 1 (with nasals across sentences) and Sentence Set 2 (without nasals except the three nasal target sentences) during a routine speech recording. Two experienced Specialist Speech and Language Therapists, blinded to the study’s purpose, analyzed participants’ speech using the Cleft Audit Protocol for Speech-Augmented (CAPS-A). On day 1, recordings included Sentence Set 1. On day 2, 23 days later, recordings included Sentence Set 2. Main results: The difference between Sentence Set 1 and Sentence Set 2 ‘total scores’ (sum of scores on all CAPS-A parameters) was significant. The Pearson Product Moment showed high correlation. A Wilcoxon test revealed a significant difference between Sets 1 and 2 on the hypernasality parameter, and this alone accounted for the significant difference in total scores. Conclusion: The inclusion or exclusion of nasal consonants in the sentence set significantly affected perceptual ratings of hypernasality but none of the other CAPS-A parameters, highlighting the need for further investigation into perceptual nasality ratings.

Kinematic Analysis of Olympic Hurdle Performance: Women's 100 Meters

1985 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph Mann ◽  
John Herman
Keyword(s):  
Elite Athlete ◽  
Olympic Games ◽  
Lower Leg ◽  
The Body ◽  
Performance Variables ◽  
Body Velocity ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Foot Position ◽  
Support Time ◽  
Leg Position

Selected kinematic variables in the performance of the Gold and Silver medalists and the eighth-place finisher in the women's 100-meter hurdles final at the 1984 Summer Olympic Games were investigated. Cinematographic records were obtained for all track hurdling events at the Games, with the 100-meter hurdle performers singled out for initial analysis. In this race, sagittal view filming records (100 fps) were collected at the 9th hurdle of the performance. Computer generated analysis variables included both direct performance variables (body velocity, support time, etc.) and body kinematics (upper leg position, lower leg velocity, etc.) that have previously been utilized in the analysis of elite athlete hurdlers. The difference in place finish was related to the performance variables body horizontal velocity (direct), vertical velocity (indirect), and support time (indirect). The critical body kinematics variables related to success included upper and lower leg velocity during support into and off the hurdle (direct), relative horizontal foot position (to the body) at touchdown into and off the hurdle (indirect), and relative horizontal foot velocity (to the body) at touchdown into the hurdle.

A possible function of the caudal spot in characid fishes

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (7) ◽  
pp. 1063-1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. McPhail
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Colour Pattern ◽  
Selective Basis ◽  
The Difference

The suggestion that caudal pigment spots in fishes can act as deflection marks is tested experimentally. Fish with artificial caudal spots escape predators more often than the same species without spots, but the difference was not significant (0.1 < p < 0.2). However in fish captured, the place on the body where the fish was seized was shifted posteriorly by the presence of a spot (p < 0.01). Although the results are equivocal, they do suggest a possible selective basis for convergence in colour pattern in small characid fishes.

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