Speech Methodologies in Cleft Palate Assessment: A Pilot Project to Compare Two Phonetically Different Sentence Sets

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-72
Author(s):  
Jennie Smith ◽  
Tim Pring ◽  
Debbie Sell
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Consecutive Series ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Audio Video ◽  
Age Range ◽  
The Impact

Objective: To investigate the impact of the phonetic content of two sentence sets on speech outcomes, specifically the effects of nasal phonemes. Method: Audio-video recordings of a consecutive series of 15 participants (age range 4–22 years), with cleft palate (syndromic or non-syndromic), with and without velopharyngeal dysfunction were taken. Participants repeated Sentence Set 1 (with nasals across sentences) and Sentence Set 2 (without nasals except the three nasal target sentences) during a routine speech recording. Two experienced Specialist Speech and Language Therapists, blinded to the study’s purpose, analyzed participants’ speech using the Cleft Audit Protocol for Speech-Augmented (CAPS-A). On day 1, recordings included Sentence Set 1. On day 2, 23 days later, recordings included Sentence Set 2. Main results: The difference between Sentence Set 1 and Sentence Set 2 ‘total scores’ (sum of scores on all CAPS-A parameters) was significant. The Pearson Product Moment showed high correlation. A Wilcoxon test revealed a significant difference between Sets 1 and 2 on the hypernasality parameter, and this alone accounted for the significant difference in total scores. Conclusion: The inclusion or exclusion of nasal consonants in the sentence set significantly affected perceptual ratings of hypernasality but none of the other CAPS-A parameters, highlighting the need for further investigation into perceptual nasality ratings.

scholarly journals Does Hamulotomy during Palatoplasty Have Any Effect on Hearing Ability in Nonsyndromic Cleft Palate Patients? A Prospective, Single Blind, Comparative Study

Scientifica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Anuj Jain ◽  
Pranali Nimonkar ◽  
Nitin Bhola ◽  
Rajiv Borle ◽  
Anendd Jadhav ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Function Evaluation ◽  
Tension Free ◽  
Hearing Ability ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tube Dysfunction ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Free Closure ◽  
Age Range

The primary goal of palatoplasty is to achieve a tension-free palatal closure ensuring no postoperative complications. Many surgeons fracture the pterygoid hamulus to minimize tension during palatoplasty. However, this maneuver gained criticism by some authors on the grounds that it may lead to Eustachian Tube dysfunction. Our study intended to figure out the relationship of hamulus fracture with the postoperative state of middle ear in cleft palate children. Fifty consecutive cleft palate patients with an age range of 10 months to 5 years were recruited. All the patients were assigned to either hamulotomy or nonhamulotomy group preoperatively. The patients were subjected to otoscopic examination and auditory function evaluation by brainstem evoked response audiometry (BERA) preoperatively and 1 month and 6 months postoperatively. Otoscopy revealed that the difference in the improvement of middle ear status in both groups was statistically insignificant. Moreover, there was no significant difference in the BERA outcomes of the fracture and nonfracture populations. Complication rate in both groups was also statistically not significant. It can be concluded that hamulotomy does not have any effect on the hearing ability in cleft palate population, so hamulotomy can be performed for tension-free closure during palatoplasty.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF GREAT MOM GREAT CHILDREN TRAINING TO IMPROVE YOUNG STREET MOTHER STIMULATION SKILL

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dessy Pranungsari ◽  
Nissa Tarnoto ◽  
Fatwa Tentama
Keyword(s):  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
Test Sample ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Participant ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact

The objective of this research is to examine the impact of “Great Mom Great Children” training to improve young street mother stimulation skill. The subjects of the research are from Yogyakarta. They are young homeless mothers who are commonly referred to as a street mother, young mothers who are less than 18 years old, mothers for unwanted pregnancy, mothers who have 0 to 5 years old children and mothers who are upbringing their children themselves. The experiment design used in this research is untreated control group design with dependent pretest and post-test sample. The data is collected by using Children Stimulation Skill Development Scale. The researchers perform Wilcoxon Test to examine the difference between stimulation skill level before and after the test. The result suggested that there was a significant difference before and after the treatment was given. It can be seen from Z=-1,755 and p=0,079) (2-tailed)/0, 0395 (1-tailed) with p<0.05. Also, the result of Mann Whitney U-test showed that the average level of stimulation skill in experiment group participant was higher than that of control group participant with the result of pretest-posttest (p= 0,074 (2-tailed)/ p= 0.037 (1-tailed) where p<0.05 which meant significant. In conclusion,“Great Mom Great Children” training is an effective method to improve children’ stimulation skill for young street mothers.

scholarly journals EFEKTIFITAS JUICE SEMANGKA DAN SENAM KEBUGARAN TERHADAP PENURUNAN BERAT BADAN PADA ANAK OBESITAS

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-70
Author(s):  
Priyo Priyo ◽  
Sigit Priyanto
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
T Test ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Watermelon Juice ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact

The culture of consuming instant food and reducing physical exercise result in increasing obesity in children today. The impact that occurs if not overcome can lead to the occurrence of various types of non-infectious diseases in the future such as: heart disease, hypertension, stroke and diabetes. To overcome the problem of obesity, behavioral changes are needed in childhood, namely fruit consumption and regular exercise. However, this behavior still becomes a national problem, especially in Magelang Regency. Consuming fruit juice and having exercise enables ones to lose weight.A kind of fruits that can be consumed is watermelon and the kind of sport that can be practiced is fitness exercise. The research is aimed to identify the difference in effectiveness between consuming watermelon juice and having fitness exercises in weight loss in obese children at Sawitan State Elementary School. The method used in this study is quasy-experiment. The number of samples was 24 respondents consisting of 12 respondents treated with watermelon juice consumption, and 12 respondents treated with fitness exercises. To take samples, it is used purposive sampling method. the treatment was carried out 3 times in a week. The results showed there was a decrease in weight lose in obese elementary school children, both with watermelon juice treatment and fitness exercises. The results of the independent t-test analysis, on watermelon juice therapy showed P ^ 0.00 and the Wilcoxon test on fitness exercises was P ^ 0.04, which means that both therapies have an influence in decreasing one’s weight. The result of the dependent T test on watermelon juice consumption and fitness exercise was P ^ 0.261, which means that the two therapies have no significant difference of influence. Health workers, especially nurses, are expected to be able to provide alternative therapies to reduce children’s overweight by using watermelon juice consumption or fitness exercises.  

scholarly journals Impact of Outsourcing Medical Equipment Department on Costs and Profits: A Case Study of a University Hospital in Tehran, Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamalodin Tabibi ◽  
Alireza Kiani
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Medical Equipment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact

Background: Medical equipment plays a key role in diagnosis, treatment, and medical education. Outsourcing is delegating a part or all activities of an organization to a party (e.g., individuals or organizations) outside the organization, which has an important role in the organization’s productivity. Objectives: The current study aimed to investigate the effect of outsourcing the department of medical equipment of a university hospital in Tehran, Iran, by emphasizing costs, profits, and performance. Methods: This was a descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study. This study investigated the documents and financial records of the Financial Office to calculate costs and revenues. Additionally, a researcher-developed questionnaire was used to evaluate the effect of outsourcing on employees’ performance and financial performance. A total of 36 subjects were randomly selected, following the sampling formula (the response rate: 72%). The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was applied to test for a normal distribution. As the data were not normally distributed, the Wilcoxon test was used. Furthermore, the t-test and analysis of variance were used to study the difference in the effect of outsourcing and age, gender, and educational level. The data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 19). Results: According to the findings, there was a significant difference before and after outsourcing in the costs and revenues of the Medical Equipment Department. Concerning the effect of outsourcing on the performance, the “human resources” factor obtained the highest mean (3.37), which indicated the poor perspective of the staff in this aspect. Moreover, the lowest score was related to the “cost-effectiveness” (2.96), which was an average score. There were weak scores concerning the dimensions of management (3.28) and quality of services (3.36). Conclusions: Considering the importance of staff in the hospital, it is necessary to pay serious attention to the impact of different types of reforms intended to increase the revenues and reduce the costs of hospitals on the staff of the organization by emphasizing managerial and human resources dimensions, which not only will increase the efficiency of the organization and satisfaction of the staff but also translated into better quality.

Intraocular Pressure Elevation in Keratoconus with Coexisting Pseudoexfoliation Glaucoma: How Important is the Method of Measurement?

2020 ◽  
Vol 237 (04) ◽  
pp. 392-395
Author(s):  
Olga Zabek ◽  
Georgios D. Panos ◽  
Despoina Sagri ◽  
Konstantin Gugleta ◽  
Hendrik P. N. Scholl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Applanation Tonometry ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Dynamic Contour Tonometry ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Iop Measurement ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objective In this report, we investigated the association between the intraocular pressure (IOP) values by two different measurement methods and the corneal biomechanical properties in a patient with keratoconus and secondary glaucoma due to pseudoexfoliation syndrome who developed a marked elevation of intraocular pressure in the right eye. Methods IOP was measured over a period of 3 days with Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT) and dynamic contour tonometry (Pascal tonometry, DCT). Corneal hysteresis (CH) and corneal resistance factor (CRF) were estimated with the aid of an ocular response analyzer (ORA). Results CH and CRF were significantly reduced in the right eye compared to the left eye throughout the period of observation (paired t-test, p < 0.001). The difference between both methods of IOP measurement in the right eye was statistically significant for IOP < 30 mmHg by GAT (Wilcoxon test, p = 0.004). For IOP values > 30 mmHg by GAT, there was no statistically significant difference between DCT and GAT (Wilcoxon test, p = 0.0625). Conclusions This observation supports the clinical hypothesis that a significant decrease in CH translates to a decreased correlation of CH and IOP recordings by GAT and, furthermore, suggests that after a critical point of CH reduction, the impact of CH on GAT may be comparable to that on DCT.

scholarly journals An Experimental Comparison of the Impact of ‘Warning’ and ‘Health Star Rating’ FoP Labels on Adolescents’ Choice of Breakfast Cereals in New Zealand

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Hamlin ◽  
Benjamin Hamlin
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Experimental Comparison ◽  
Vienna Convention ◽  
Single Star ◽  
Star Rating ◽  
Stop Sign ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Nutritional Label ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact

This research investigated the performance of the red, octagonal Vienna Convention traffic ‘STOP’ sign as a front of pack (FoP) warning nutritional label. While the Vienna Convention traffic light system is an established FoP label, the potential of the ‘STOP’ sign in the role has not been investigated. The performance of the ‘STOP’ label was compared with that of a single star (low nutritional value) Australasian Health Star Rating (HSR) label using a fractionally replicated Latin square design. The labels were presented on choice diads of cold breakfast cereal packets. The sample of 240 adolescents aged 16–18 was drawn from a secondary school in the South Island of New Zealand. A large and significant main effect was observed at the p < 0.01 level for the difference between the ’STOP’ sign and the control condition (no nutritional FoP label), and at p < 0.05 for the difference between the HSR and the ‘STOP’ label. There was no significant difference between the HSR FoP and the control condition. A significant non-additivity (interaction) (p < 0.01) was also observed via the fractional replication. The results indicate that the Vienna Convention ‘STOP’ sign is worthy of further research with regard to its potential as an FoP nutritional label.

Attitudes towards sex with alcoholics

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 67-67
Author(s):  
Z.M. Krivokapic ◽  
R.V. Sapic
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Experience ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
List Type ◽  
Homosexual Orientation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Attitudes Toward Sex ◽  
The Impact

Attitude is defined as acquired disposition, readiness for a certain way of perception, thinking, emotional reacting and behaving. The formation of social attitudes is greatly in influence by a group (alcoholics group). Drinking alcohol also disrupts higher cognitive processes: abstraction, conceptualization, problem solving and influences on different opinions.Our research concerned the impact of chronic alcohol use and membership to alcoholic group as a framework that influences attitudes towards sexuality. 200 persons were sample in this research: 100 alcohol addicts and 100 persons of the control group. The instrument used in this study was-Scale of attitudes toward sex.Statistically significant difference was found in five attitudes:–Differences in two paragraphs point to some homosexual orientation. We can confidently say that this is a “latent homosexuality in an alcoholic”, it is possible that the difference arises because of the presence of homosexuals in the group of alcoholics, although the subjects did not say to have such orientation.–Some conservatism is present in the attitude drinkers to sexuality of the young, they argue that sexual experience can wait until more mature years.–Extramarital relationships are positively evaluated by the control group, while alcoholics show greater disapproval.–Alcoholics have the attitude that sexual arousal does not come with ease, unlike the control group.–They are more liberal about the social situation of people with HIV (a certain degree of identification with an estimated negative social group).Results showed small difference in attitudes between alcoholics and nonalcoholic.

Pollinator Insects and their Impact on Crop Yield of Mustard in Kusma, Parbat, Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-75
Author(s):  
Narayan Subedi ◽  
Indra Prasad Subedi
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Apis Cerana ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Four Blocks ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Pod Length

The diversity of insect pollinators and their impact on crop yield of mustard were studied in Kusma, Parbat, Nepal from December 2018 to April 2019 in four blocks with each having 12 m2 areas. Two plots; treatment and control, were established in each block. Insect diversity was observed from 8 to 16 hrs, with the interval of an hour for three consecutive months (Jan-Feb). Eighty mustard plants were randomly selected, 40 from each plot just before flowering to find the impact of insect pollination on crop yield and these selected plants were examined for various qualitative and quantitative parameters. Altogether 16 species of pollinator insects belonging to five orders and nine families were recorded. Hymenoptera (36 %) was the most abundant order visiting mustard flowers followed by Diptera (34 %), Coleoptera (17 %), Lepidoptera (12 %) and Heteroptera (1 %). The most abundant family was Apidae (35.64 %), followed by Syrphidae (31.84 %). Apis cerana and Eristalis sp. were the most important pollinator insects of mustard. Seven species were found foraging both on pollen and nectar, four species foraging only on nectar and remaining five as casual visitors. The peak foraging activities of majority of the insects were observed between 12 hr to 14 hr. A significant difference was observed in the number of pods (59.80 ± 1.967 and 70.47 ± 2.431), fruit set (70.55 ± 1.362 and 80.94 ± 0.638), number of seeds per pods (16.70 ± 0.248 and 19.30 ± 0.330), diameter of seed (0.133 ± 0.2547 and 0.275 ± 0.0051) and weight of 100 dry seeds (0.33 ± 0.058 and 0.48 ± 0.023) in control and treatment plots whereas, the difference was non-significant in case of pod length between control and treatment plots (P=0.163).

Revalidation of the Flipi Score in the Era of Immunotherapy.

Blood ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 110 (11) ◽  
pp. 4437-4437
Author(s):  
German Stemmelin ◽  
Carlos Doti ◽  
Claudia Shanley ◽  
Jose Ceresetto ◽  
Oscar Rabinovich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Marrow Transplant ◽  
Intermediate Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The FLIPI prognosis score for follicular lymphoma (FL) was developed based on cases diagnosed between 1985 and 1992, and treated with different schemes that did not include rituximab (R). In the present study, we report the evolution of all FL treated in a single institution through the last decade and analize whether FLIPI mantains its effectiveness to identify different risk groups within patients treated with the new therapeutic alternatives available. Material and Methods: We identified sixty two patients with diagnosis of grade I-II-IIIa FL. Patients characteristics: median age 57.5 yr (r, 30–80); 36 males; 63% stages III–IV, and 37% with bone marrow infiltration at the time of diagnosis. Thirty eight percent had a low risk by FLIPI, 34% had an intermediate risk and 27.4% had a high risk. In 19 pts (30.6%) the initial decision was “watch and wait” but 82% received a form of treatment at some point. R was used in 36 pts (58%) with some of the following regimes: chemotherapy (chemo) + R and/or R as consolidation therapy and/or R as monotherapy and/or R as maintenance therapy. Of all prescribed treatments (excluding R as monotherapy and/or maintenance treatment), 52.8% were chemo alone, 20.2% chemo + R, 21.3% radiotherapy and 5.6% received a bone marrow transplant. Results: we considered the analysis of overall survival (OS) the most appropiate approach, since most treatments were seeking the control of the FL, and not the complete remission or cure. The follow up median time was 53.2 months ± 34.8 1SD. The 5-yr OS for the 62 pts was 81.8% ± 11.3 CI 95%. The 5-yr OS for those with a low, intermediate and high risk FLIPI was 100% −5, 84.2% ± 21 and 52% ±26.2, respectively. The difference in 5-yr OS was statistically significant between low and high risk, intermediate and high risk, but failed to prove a significant difference between low and intermediate risk. Among the different risk factors tested in a univariate analysis only age ≥ < 60 yr old demonstrated a significant difference, 60.7% vs 90%, respectively. Conclusions: The 5-yr OS in our series is higher than the one described in the original FLIPI study (Blood2004; 104:1258–65) which was 81.8% vs 71% for the whole group; 90% vs 78.1% for pts <60 yr old; 60.7% vs 57.7% for ≥ 60 yr old; 100% vs 90.6% for low FLIPI and 84.2% vs 77.6% for intermediate FLIPI. The only group that failed to prove an improvement was the high risk FLIPI with 52% vs 52.5%. The impact of novel therapies was more evident in patients with a low or intermediate FLIPI and was even more evident in patients younger than 60 yr old. According to our results, FLIPI maintains its effectiveness in differentiating two risk groups, i.e., low-intermediate vs high. We believe that the OS curves will probably continue to improve as the treatments that are considered today as the most effective ones, were just included in our series in the last three years.

Exposure to priority organochlorine contaminants in the Italian general population. Part 2

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
EJ Mrema ◽  
FM Rubino ◽  
S Mandic-Rajcevic ◽  
E Sturchio ◽  
R Turci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
General Population ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyl ◽  
The Body ◽  
Population Total ◽  
Pcb Congeners ◽  
Organochlorine Contaminants ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Age Range

Concentrations of 36 polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners were measured in serum of 372 Italian residents of general population living in Novafeltria, Pavia, and Milan. Total PCB level differed significantly between these sites ( p < 0.0001) with median concentrations of 836.50, 1354.57, and 2062.08 pmol/g lipid, respectively. However, there is no evidence for the difference in distribution of total PCB levels by genders. Total dioxin-like PCBs differed significantly ( p < 0.0001) between the sites (median 109.78, 50.88, and 166.99 pmol/g lipid, respectively) and genders of Novafeltria and Pavia ( p = 0.011 and 0.009, respectively). PCB 138, 153, 170, and 180 differed significantly between the places of residence ( p < 0.0001) with higher values in Milan population. In the overall population, total PCB and PCB 138, 153, 156, 170, and 180 correlated positively with age (correlations range between 0.320 and 0.569, p < 0.0001). In Novafeltria, the correlations ranged between 0.545 and 0.670, and in Pavia, the correlations ranged between 0.516 and 0.666. In Milan, correlations with age range between 0.327 and 0.417 for total PCB and congeners 138, 153, and 180. With an exception of PCB 170, there was no evidence of significant difference in the distribution of most abundant PCB congeners and total PCB across the body mass index categories.

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