Oxidative stress/lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes in apparently healthy individuals involved in physical exercise

Background: Normal metabolic functions generate highly reactive compounds called free radicals in the body. Exercise is accompanied by increased oxygen consumption and enhanced Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)/free radical production in humans. These molecules react with cellular molecules such as proteins, lipids and carbohydrates, and denature them. As a result of this, vital cellular structures and functions are lost and ultimately resulting in various pathological conditions.Aims and Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the effect of physical exercise on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes in apparently healthy individuals. Materials and Methods: A total of 96 samples were collected from apparently healthy adults aged between 18 and 25 years before and after morning exercise session. The samples were analyzed for Total Antioxidant Activity (TAS), pro-oxidant biomarker- malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant enzymes – catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) by spectrophotometic method. Results: The result shows that TAS after exercise was significantly higher (p<0.001) than the level before exercise. The MDA level of the subjects after exercise was equally statistically significantly (p<0.001) higher than the level before exercise. This study therefore shows that aerobic exercise increases pro-oxidant markers and possibly induces oxidative stress, the effect of which is countered by an increase in TAS, CAT and GPx.Conclusion: Oxidative stress following exercise therefore does exist, but may not deter the benefits of physical exercise.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(6) 2016 16-19

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The biochemical effects of occupational exposure to lead and cadmium on markers of oxidative stress and antioxidant enzymes activity in the blood of glazers in tile industry

Toxicology and Industrial Health ◽

10.1177/0748233718769526 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 34 (7) ◽

pp. 459-467 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Maryam Hormozi ◽

Ramazan Mirzaei ◽

Alireza Nakhaee ◽

Shahrokh Izadi ◽

Javid Dehghan Haghighi

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Antioxidant Enzymes ◽

Occupational Exposure ◽

Control Group ◽

Blood Levels ◽

Biochemical Effects ◽

Lead And Cadmium ◽

Total Antioxidant ◽

Markers Of Oxidative Stress

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of occupational exposure to lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) on markers of oxidative stress in glazers in tile industries. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA), and the activity of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were determined in the blood of 80 subjects, including 40 glazers and 40 nonexposed subjects. Mean levels of blood Cd (8.90 ± 2.80 µg/L) and blood Pb (62.90 ± 38.10 µg/L) of glazers showed a significant increase compared with the control group. In the serum of glazers, the level of MDA was significantly higher and the level of TAC was significantly lower than the control group. We have noted a disturbance in the levels of antioxidants by a significant increase in the CAT activity and a significant decrease in the activities of SOD and GPx in the serum of glazers compared with the controls. Correlation analysis demonstrated that the serum MDA level and CAT activity were positively associated with the blood levels of Pb and Cd. Also, GPx and SOD were negatively correlated with blood Cd levels. The study clearly indicated that co-exposure to Cd and Pb can induce oxidative stress in glazers, resulting in increased lipid peroxidation and altered antioxidant enzymes.

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Oxidative stress in operating room personnel: occupational exposure to anesthetic gases

Human & Experimental Toxicology ◽

10.1191/0960327105ht565oa ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 24 (11) ◽

pp. 597-601 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

A Akbar Malekirad ◽

A Ranjbar ◽

K Rahzani ◽

M Kadkhodaee ◽

A Rezaie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Operating Room ◽

Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Plasma Lipid ◽

The Body ◽

Operating Room Personnel ◽

Total Antioxidant ◽

Anesthetic Gases

Health professionals exposed to anesthetic gases are at higher risk of reproductive, neurological, hematological, immunological, hepatic and renal system diseases. We investigated if oxidative stress induced by chronic exposure to anesthetic gases has any association with this matter. Plasma lipid peroxidation, total antioxidant capacity and total thiol molecule levels were measured in 66 operating room staff in comparison with 66 controls. The exposed group had a significantly higher level of lipid peroxidation with decreased thiol groups compared to control subjects. Total antioxidant capacity of the body was no different among exposed and not exposed subjects. Increased lipid peroxidation in the blood of exposed subjects warns that oxygen free radicals have increased in the body and thus might attack cells, which, in the longterm, results in multi-organ damage. The remaining blood total antioxidant capacity at normal values is promising and means that other non-thiol antioxidants, such as uric acid, transferrin, ceruloplasmin, albumin, and vitamin antioxidants, such as a-tocopherol and ascorbic acid, have been stimulated to maintain the total anti-oxidant power of the body at normal state.

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N-Acetyl-l-Cysteine Supplement in Early Life or Adulthood Reduces Progression of Diabetes in Nonobese Diabetic Mice

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzy097 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Lital Argaev Frenkel ◽

Hava Rozenfeld ◽

Konstantin Rozenberg ◽

Sanford R Sampson ◽

Tovit Rosenzweig

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Antioxidant Enzymes ◽

Early Life ◽

Nod Mice ◽

Morbidity Rate ◽

Nonobese Diabetic ◽

Total Antioxidant

ABSTRACT Background Oxidative stress contributes to the pathologic process leading to the development, progression, and complications of type 1 diabetes (T1D). Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the antioxidant N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC), supplemented during early life or adulthood on the development of T1D. Methods NAC was administered to nonobese diabetic (NOD) female mice during pregnancy and lactation, and the development of diabetes was followed in offspring. In an additional set of experiments, offspring of untreated mice were given NAC during adulthood, and the development of T1D was followed. Morbidity rate, insulitis and serum cytokines were measured in the 2 sets of experiments. In addition, markers of oxidative stress, glutathione, lipid peroxidation, total antioxidant capacity and activity of antioxidant enzymes, were followed. Results Morbidity rate was reduced in both treatment protocols. A decrease in interferon γ, tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin 1α, and other type 1 diabetes-associated proinflammatory cytokines was found in mice supplemented with NAC in adulthood or during early life compared with control NOD mice. The severity of insulitis was higher in control NOD mice than in treated groups. NAC administration significantly reduced oxidative stress, as determined by reduced lipid peroxidation and increased total antioxidant capacity in serum and pancreas of mice treated in early life or in adulthood and increased pancreatic glutathione when administrated in adulthood. The activity of antioxidant enzymes was not affected in mice given NAC in adulthood, whereas an increase in the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase was demonstrated in the pancreas of their offspring. Conclusion NAC decreased morbidity of NOD mice by attenuating the immune response, presumably by eliminating oxidative stress, and might be beneficial in reducing morbidity rates of T1D in high-risk individuals.

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P378 Oxidative status and antioxidant capacity in children and adults with IBD: preliminary results of the OxIBDiet trial

Journal of Crohn s and Colitis ◽

10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjab076.502 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S392-S393

Author(s):

S Gatti ◽

L Cianfruglia ◽

T Galeazzi ◽

A Palpacelli ◽

S Quattrini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Antioxidant Enzymes ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Protein Oxidation ◽

Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Oxidative Status ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Preliminary Results ◽

Total Antioxidant

Abstract Background Redox imbalance is involved in several aspects of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The OxIBDiet (NCT04513015) is a multicentre, 2-phases project involving IBD children and adults with the following aims: 1. To evaluate oxidative status of IBD subjects. 2. To estimate the effects of an antioxidant diet in IBD patients. Preliminary results are shown in this abstract. Methods The total antioxidant capacity, lipid peroxidation and the degree of protein oxidation were measured respectively through the ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP, µmol/equivalent FeSO4), serum levels of the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs, µmol MDA) and advanced Oxidation Protein Products (AOPP, µmol/g protein). Reactive oxygen species (ROS, Arbitrary Units) and activities (nmol/min/mg of protein) of the main antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione S-Transferase (GST) and catalases (CAT) were evaluated in PMNs cells. Oxidative stress markers were correlated with demographic variables and clinical parameters. Results Fifteen adults (mean age: 36.2 ±11.4 years, 47% female, 67% in remission) and thirty five children (mean age: 14.13 ±2.2 years, 60% female, 65% in remission) with IBD have been enrolled so far. FRAP was significantly reduced in IBD children compared to healthy controls (median values: 212.1 vs. 248.3, p=0.0001) and to IBD adults (median value: 281, p<0.001), while no difference was observed between adults with IBD and the control group (p= 0.1). ROS levels did not differ in IBD children compared to adults and controls. The activity of GPX and CAT enzymes was increased in children with IBD in comparison to controls (p:0.02 and 0.001, respectively) while the activity of the other enzymes (GST, GR and SOD) and levels of lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation was not different between the 2 groups. Overall in the IBD group (children plus adults) FRAP was positively correlated with age (r=0.40, p=0.006), male gender (r=0.33, p=0.03) and use of biologics (r=0.47, p=0.001) and inversely correlated to disease activity based on clinical scores (r= -0.38, p=0.009). No correlation was found between FRAP and serum C-reactive protein or calprotectin levels. Conclusion The total antioxidant capacity (FRAP) is significantly impaired in IBD children respect to IBD adults and to healthy controls, thus suggesting an early involvement of oxidative stress in IBD pathogenesis. Moreover, the activity of the main antioxidant enzymes (GPx and CAT) in IBD children is increased, as a possible compensation for redox imbalance. Final results will clarify the involvement of antioxidant cascade in IBD pathogenesis and in therapeutic approach.

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Evaluation of Salivary Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress Markers in Male Smokers

Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening ◽

10.2174/1386207322666190806123616 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 22 (7) ◽

pp. 496-501

Author(s):

Fatemeh Ahmadi-Motamayel ◽

Parisa Falsafi ◽

Hamidreza Abolsamadi ◽

Mohammad T. Goodarzi ◽

Jalal Poorolajal

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Uric Acid ◽

Free Radicals ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Cigarette Smoke ◽

Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽

The Body ◽

Total Antioxidant ◽

The Mean ◽

And Oxidative Stress

Background: Cigarette smoke free radicals can cause cellular damage and different diseases. All the body fluids have antioxidants which protect against free radicals. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate salivary total antioxidant capacity and peroxidase, uric acid and malondialdehyde levels in smokers and a nonsmoking control group. Methods: Unstimulated saliva was collected from 510 males. A total of 259 subjects were current smokers and 251 were non-smokers. The levels of salivary total antioxidant capacity, uric acid, peroxidase and malondialdehyde were measured using standard procedures. Data were analyzed with t test and ANOVA. Results: The smokers were younger and dental hygiene index was higher than healthy nonsmoking controls. The mean total antioxidant capacity in smokers and nonsmokers was 0.13±0.07 and 0.21±011, respectively (P=0.001). Smokers had significantly lower peroxidase and uric acid levels than healthy controls. In addition, the mean malondialdehyde levels in the smokers and nonsmokers were 4.55 ±2.61 and 2.79 ±2.21, respectively (P=0.001). Conclusion: Cigarette smoke produces free radical and oxidative stress, causing many side effects. Salivary antioxidant levels decreased and malondialdehyde levels increased in smokers, indicating the high oxidative stress among smokers compared to nonsmokers. Cigarette smoke had deleterious effects on main salivary antioxidants levels.

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Evidences of Brain Plasticity and Motor Control Modulation after Hemodialysis Session by Helixone Membrane: BOLD-fMRI Study

CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets ◽

10.2174/1871527319666200902133343 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (6) ◽

pp. 466-477

Author(s):

Saïd Boujraf ◽

Rachida Belaïch ◽

Abdelkhalek Housni ◽

Badreeddine Alami ◽

Tariq Skalli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Functional Activity ◽

Brain Plasticity ◽

Biological Assessment ◽

Bold Fmri ◽

Before And After ◽

Total Antioxidant ◽

Inflammatory State ◽

Functional Control ◽

The Impact

Objective: The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the impact of hemodialysis (HD) using synthetic Helixone membrane on brain functional control reorganization and plasticity in the cortical area generated while Oxidative Stress (OS) would be the main impacting agent. Methods: Indeed, 9 chronic HD patients underwent identical brain BOLD-fMRI assessment using the motor paradigm immediately before and after the same HD sessions. To assess the oxidative stress, the same patients underwent biological-assessment, including Malondialdehyde (MDA) and Total- Antioxidant-Activity (TAOA) reported in earlier papers. Results: BOLD-fMRI maps of motor areas obtained from HD-patients before and after HD sessions revealed a significant enhancement of activation volume of the studied motor cortex after HD reflecting brain plasticity. Results were correlated with OS assessed by the measurement of MDA and TAOA; this correlation was close to 1. Conclusion: Indeed, HD enhances the inflammatory state of brain tissues reflected by the increased OS. The functional brain reaction demonstrated a functional activity reorganization to overcome the inflammatory state and OS enhanced by HD process. This functional activity reorganization reveals brain plasticity induced by OS originated by HD.

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Total Antioxidant Capacity and Lipid Peroxidation Status in Cervical Cancer Patients Compared with Women Without Cervical Cancer in Bangladesh

Indian Journal of Gynecologic Oncology ◽

10.1007/s40944-021-00560-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Taslima Nigar ◽

Annekathryn Goodman ◽

Shahana Pervin

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Cervical Cancer ◽

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Stress Index ◽

Oxidative Stress Index ◽

Total Antioxidant

Abstract Purpose Over the past several decades, research has suggested reactive oxygen species act as cofactors for cervical cancer development. The aim of this study is to evaluate the antioxidant and lipid peroxidation status in cervical cancer patients in Bangladesh. Methods From December 2017 to 2018, a cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 50 cervical cancer patients and 50 controls. Plasma levels of lipid peroxidation and total antioxidant capacity were measured. The Student’s t test was used for statistical analysis. P values less than 0.05 were taken as a level of significance. Results There was a significant reduction in total antioxidant levels in patients with cervical cancer, 972.77 ± 244.22 SD µmol equivalent to ascorbic acid/L, compared to normal controls, 1720.13 ± 150.81 SD µmol equivalent to ascorbic acid/L (P < 0.001). Levels of lipid peroxidation were found to be significantly higher in cervical cancer, 7.49 ± 2.13 SD µmol/L, than in women without cervical cancer, 3.28 ± 0.58 SD µmol/L (P < 0.001). The cervical cancer patients had significantly higher levels of oxidative stress index (0.83 ± 0.31) in comparison to controls (0.19 ± 0.04) (P < 0.001). Conclusion There was an increased oxidative stress index due to imbalance between lipid peroxidation generation and total antioxidant capacity in cervical cancer patients. Further studies are needed to explore the role of oxidative stress as a cofactor for cervical carcinogenesis.

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Does Xbox 360 Kinect training improve postural balance in young healthy adults? A preliminary study. (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.31881 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Marta Grabowicz ◽

Anna Daniluk ◽

Anna Hadamus ◽

Dariusz Białoszewski

Keyword(s):

Postural Balance ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Balance Training ◽

The Body ◽

Control Group ◽

Healthy Individuals ◽

Unstable Surface ◽

Baseline Group ◽

Before And After ◽

P Balance

BACKGROUND Balance training in young adults may increase coordination, cognitive function or the symmetry of strength on both sides of the body. It is an essential tool for injury or fall prevention and a precondition for becoming a professional athlete. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess the effect of Xbox 360 Kinect training on postural balance in young, healthy individuals. METHODS The study enrolled 75 individuals who were randomly assigned to three equal groups. The first group (Group VR) performed exercises on an Xbox 360 Kinect console, and the second group (Group T) performed conventional all-round exercises. The third group was a control group (Group C). Each group underwent balance assessments on the Biodex Balance posturographic platform, including the Balance Error Scoring System test, before and after the training cycle. The level of statistical significance was set at P<.05. RESULTS Group VR and Group T achieved statistically significant improvements in the sway index compared with baseline. Group T gained significant decrease in the sway index on the unstable surface (P=.002). Group VR and group T demonstrated significant decreases in the mean sway index on stable and unstable surfaces (group VR — P=.035; group T — P=.001) Group C did not achieve a statistically significant improvement in the sway index. None of the groups demonstrated a statistically significant decrease in the test error count. CONCLUSIONS Virtual reality in the form of video games played on an Xbox 360 Kinect console may be an effective method of balance training in healthy individuals.

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Effect of B-ultrasound-guided nerve block on nerve block on analgesia and sedation in patients with acute cholecystitis undergoing puncture and drainage

Tobacco Regulatory Science ◽

10.18001/trs.7.5.1.72 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (5) ◽

pp. 3022-3028

Author(s):

Fei Guo ◽

Yongjun Wang ◽

Shenghui Liu ◽

Junrong Cao

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Acute Cholecystitis ◽

Nerve Block ◽

Sedation Score ◽

The Body ◽

Control Group ◽

Observation Group ◽

Ultrasound Guided ◽

Total Antioxidant

To investigate the effect of B-ultrasound-guided nerve block on analgesia and sedation in patients with acute cholecystitis undergoing puncture and drainage. Methods 96 patients with acute cholecystitis who underwent puncture and drainage from May 2018 to November 2020 were randomly divided into control group and observation group by random number table method, with 48 cases in each group. The patients in the control group were anesthetized by local infiltration. The patients in the observation group were anesthetized by B-ultrasound-guided nerve block. Heart rate, blood pressure, analgesia score, sedation score, and oxidative stress level were compared between the two groups. Results At the time of puncture (T2), heart rate (HR) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) in the two groups were significantly lower than those before operation (T1) (P<0.05); at the end of operation (T3), HR and MAP in the control group were significantly higher than those at T1 (P<0.05); at T2, HR and MAP in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05); at T3, HR and MAP in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). AtT2 and T3, Ramsay sedation score in both groups was significantly lower than that at T1 (P<0.05), while Ramsay score in the observation group was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05); atT2 and T3, visual analog scale (VAS) pain score in both groups was significantly higher than that at T1 (P<0.05), while VAS score in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). After operation, the levels of serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the two groups were significantly higher than those before operation (P<0.05), and the levels of serum total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) were significantly lower than those before operation (P<0.05); after operation, the levels of serum SOD and T-AOC in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05), and the levels of MDA in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P>0.05). Conclusion B-ultrasound-guided nerve block anesthesia can maintain the stable hemodynamic index of patients with acute cholecystitis undergoing puncture and drainage therapy, improve the analgesic and sedative effect and reduce the oxidative stress response of the body.

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Carotid intima-media thickness and oxidative stress markers for assessment of atherosclerosis in children with β thalassemia major

Thalassemia Reports ◽

10.4081/thal.2016.4939 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Geetanjali Jindal ◽

Prashant Chavan ◽

Ravinder Kaur ◽

Shivani Jaswal ◽

Kamal Kumar Singhal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Oxidized Ldl ◽

Thalassemia Major ◽

Lipid Peroxidation Product ◽

Oxidative Stress Markers ◽

Lipoprotein A ◽

Stress Markers ◽

Total Antioxidant ◽

Peroxidation Product

The present study evaluates carotid intimamedia thickness (CIMT) in children with β thalassemia major to assess atherosclerosis and its relation to the underlying proposed causative mechanisms via lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde (MDA), oxidized lowdensity lipoproteins (LDL), total antioxidant level, and lipid profile. A cross sectional study was conducted on 62 children (31 cases and 31 controls). CIMT by high resolution ultrasound and biochemical parameters i.e., total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoproteins, LDL, Oxidized LDL, lipoprotein (a), lipid peroxidation product MDA and total antioxidant were measured in enrolled subjects and compared. In our study, CIMT was significantly increased in β thalassemia major patients’ as compared to healthy controls. Mean CIMT in cases was 0.69±0.11 mm and in controls 0.51±0.07 mm. Mean oxidized LDL (EU/mL) in cases 39.3±34.4 (range 14.4 to 160) was significantly raised (P=0.02, t test) as compared to controls 23.9±13.4 (range 12 to 70). In our study we found MDA levels (nmol/mL) to be increased in β thalassemia patients as compared to controls. Mean MDA was 10.0±3.27 (4.41 to 17.48) in cases while in controls was 6.87±4.55 (1.5 to 17.9). Our study results show CIMT as an early marker of atherogenesis in β thalassemia major. Oxidative stress markers are also increased in β thalassemia major patients and lipoprotein (a) shows a positive correlation with CIMT. The present study points towards various atherogenetic mechanisms in β thalassemia major. 本研究评价β重型地中海贫血患儿颈动脉内膜中层厚度（CIMT），以评估动脉粥样硬化，以及与潜在通过血脂过氧化反应产物丙二醛（MDA）、氧化低密度脂蛋白（LDL）、总抗氧化水平和血脂谱所提出致病机制之间的关系。在62名儿童（31例病例和31例对照）中进行了一项横断面研究。在入组受试者中通过高分辨率超声和生化指标（即总胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白、LDL、氧化LDL，脂蛋白（a）、血脂过氧化产物MDA和总抗氧化剂）测量CIMT并进行比较。在我们的研究中，CIMT在β重型地中海贫血患者中比健康对照组显著增加。病例组中的平均CIMT为0.69±0.11 mm，对照组0.51±0.07 mm。病例组中平均氧化LDL（EU/mL）为39.3±34.4（从14.4到160的范围）与对照组的23.9±13.4（12至70的范围）相比显著升高（P = 0.02，t检验）。在我们的研究中，我们发现β地中海贫血患者中的MDA水平（nmol/mL）比对照组更高。病例组中的平均MDA为10.0±3.27（4.41至17.48），而对照组为6.87±4.55（1.5到17.9）。我们的研究结果表明，CIMT是β重型地中海贫血动脉粥样硬化的早期标记物。氧化应激标记物在β重型地中海贫血患者中也有增加，脂蛋白（a）显示出与CIMT呈正相关。本研究针对β重型地中海贫血中的各种动脉粥样硬化机制。

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