scholarly journals Study of nutritional status of children attending OPD at a tertiary-care hospital in eastern region of Nepal

1970 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
RM Rajbandari ◽  
O Lewis ◽  
R Singh ◽  
S Smith

Background: Prevalence of malnutrition is high in Nepal. Early intervention improves outcome of children. Objectives: To study the occurrence of the malnutrition in under five children coming to the OPD at BPKIHS and to find out the age group & sex most severely affected by malnutrition. Methods: A descriptive cross sectional hospital-based study was carried out from 2003-04. 500 children aged 1-5 years were taken as a sample The children needing emergency care were excluded. The Indian Academy of Pediatrics (IAP) and WHO classification were used for grading malnutrition. Results: Total patient were 500 aged 1-5 yrs group. Total malnutrition cases were 124 with a prevalence of 24.8% .Malnutrition was highest in 3-4 years group (33.3%). Conclusion: It is found that total malnutrition cases were about 24.8%.A more elaborate and community based study would help to find prevalence of malnutrition in children of Eastern Nepal. Keywords: nutritional status; PEM; affected by malnutrition DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hren.v9i2.4982 Health Renaissance 2011: Vol.9 (No.2): 102-105

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 916
Author(s):  
Prashant R. Shinde ◽  
Meghraj J. Chawada ◽  
Sudhir B. Deshmukh

Background: In hemorrhoids, the anal canal venous plexuses become engorged. It can lead to bleeding, thrombosis, prolapse, pain. Study of surgical profile helps to educate the patients to take proper precautions to avoid the severe forms of it. The objective of the study was to study the surgical profile of patients with hemorrhoids at a tertiary care hospital.Methods: Present study was hospital based cross sectional study. It was carried out at a tertiary care hospital in the department of general surgery among 100 patients who presented with symptoms suggestive of hemorrhoids during the study period from 1st January 2017 to 31st October 2018.Results: Majority of the patients 41% were in the age group of 35-45 years. The number affected by hemorrhoids was more in males i.e. 56%. Incidence of hemorrhoids was more in upper class. Incidence of hemorrhoids was less i.e. 21% among those who took only vegetarian diet. Majority of the patients (78%) presented after one year of occurrence of treatment. 54% of the patients had third grade of hemorrhoids. Bleeding was present in the majority i.e. 98% of the patients. On anorectal examination, it was found that 44% of the patients had fissure and 23% of the patients had peri anal skin tag. Anorectal examination was within normal limits in 33% of the cases.Conclusions: Vegetarian diet may be protective against hemorrhoids. Bleeding was the most common presenting symptom. Thus, study helped to identify that being male, younger age group, non-veg diet may be the risk factors for hemorrhoids.


2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-212
Author(s):  
Jitendra Thakur ◽  
Nisha Keshary Bhatta ◽  
Prakash Poudel ◽  
Gouri Shankar Shah ◽  
Rupa Rajbandari Singh

Introduction: Malnutrition is one of the major health problem worldwide, especially in developing world and so is in Nepal, the causes being numerous. The objectives of this study were to assess the nutritional status of children attending paediatric OPD of BPKIHS and to find relation of the nutritional status with different factors.Material and Methods: This descriptive cross sectional study was done by face to face interviews using semi-structured questionnaire and anthropometric variables were recorded. Data of total 192 children was analysed by descriptive statistics. p-value <0.05 was considered significant.Results: According to IAP classification 50.52% were malnourished [grade I 65.97%, grade II 26.8%, grade III 7.21%]. According to WHO classification 47.39% stuntedmoderate 89%, severe 11% and 9.89% wasted [moderate 94.73%, severe 5.26%]. Female sex, low education level in mother, low economic status, unavailability of exclusive breast feeding, low birth spacing and hospitalization were significantly associated with malnutrition.Conclusion: Malnutrition is common in children visiting paediatric OPD of BPKIHS. Female sex, maternal illiteracy, poverty, early weaning, birth spacing and hospitalization in past were major risk factors for malnutrition.


Author(s):  
ASHWANI UMMAT ◽  
RANJODH JEET SINGH ◽  
SONIA KOCHHAR

Objective: The objective of the study is to analyze the prescription pattern of drugs for osteoarthritis (OA) in a north Indian medical college collaborated with a tertiary care hospital. Methods: An observational study was conducted on 300 patients diagnosed with OA in the department of orthopedics in collaboration with the department of pharmacology, and thus, prescription was collected as in a cross-sectional manner for 6 months and the same were analyzed in the Department of Orthopedics in tertiary care hospital collaborated with medical college. Results: The average age of patients participating in this present study was 56.46±7.4 years with affected age group of 46-60 years. 60 % of females were affected by osteoarthritis outnumbering male (40 %) patients in this present study. The most commonly involved joint was knee joint (87.33 %) in patients diagnosed with osteoarthritis followed by back (6.67 %) and hip joint (6%). The combination therapy (90 %) outweighed monotherapy (10 %) with preferred route of drug administration as oral route (90 %) followed by topical route (10 %). The average number of drugs prescribed for patients of osteoarthritis was 2.62±0.76. This present study concludes that NSAIDs (45.8%) were prescribed most commonly. However, the drug paracetamol was lesser prescribed and other drugs such as Diclofenac (27.22 %) and acetaminophen (34.44 %) most of all followed by Nimesulide (16.67 %), ibuprofen (13.33 %) and Rofecoxib/valdecoxib (8.33 %) were prescribed. Conclusion: This present study concludes that NSAIDs were most commonly prescribed as p-drugs while paracetamol was undermined prescribed.


2021 ◽  
pp. 4-6
Author(s):  
Prateek Shakya ◽  
Rajeev Kumar Singh ◽  
Deepak Goyal

Background/Aim: This study was aimed to provide a sociodemographic prole of intestinal obstruction in a tertiary care hospital in Kumaun region of Uttarakhand, India. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of patients admitted in our hospital with a diagnosis of intestinal obstruction between the years 2019 and 2020 at Dr. Susheela Tiwari Government Hospital, Haldwani, Uttarakhand. The study comprised of 250 patients. Results: The commonest age group affected was 18-30 years. In our patients, the main cause of obstruction was adhesions followed by abdominal tuberculosis with MALIGNANCY coming third. Conservative management was advocated in 72 patients while the rest underwent surgery. Conclusion: Adhesion was the main etiology in Intestinal Obstruction. The odds of malignant bowel obstruction are increasing in the proportion of Intestinal Obstruction. There were some differences towards the etiologic spectrum compared with western countries.


2021 ◽  
pp. 19-22
Author(s):  
Soumya Gayen ◽  
Bapan Kabiraj ◽  
Jadab Kumar Jana ◽  
Syama Prasad Sit

BACKGROUND: Acute poisoning, a common, yet an important preventable cause of morbidity and mortality in children, is a paediatric emergency globally, responsible for 0.33% to 7.6% of the total paediatric admissions among various hospitals of India. This study was done to assess the changing trends, in the pattern and outcome of poisoning among 1-12 years children. METHODS: This is an institution-based descriptive epidemiological study with cross-sectional design that includes a hundred children of one to twelve years age, conducted over a period of one and half years in the paediatric department of a tertiary care hospital in India. RESULTS: In the study period, majority of the patients out of 100 admitted, were male (65%).Most of those (68%) belonged to the 1-3 years age group. The share of hydrocarbon poisoning (46%) was highest with 26 cases of Kerosene ingestion being the most in it. Important presenting complaints were vomiting, pain abdomen, tachypnoea, and pneumonitis. Only 1 patient died during the course, the cause of which remained unknown. CONCLUSION: The pattern and outcome of acute poisoning in children was quite similar when compared to other studies from different hospitals in India. Survival rates have been increasing due to ongoing improvement in medical infrastructure, which one hopes, shall keep improving along with focus on preventive measures at community levels.


2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-100
Author(s):  
Pashupati Chaudhary ◽  
BP Shrestha ◽  
DK Yadav ◽  
GP Khanal ◽  
R Rijal

Background: Compartment syndrome can be a life or limb-threatening emergency. Early diagnosis is important for the prevention of disability. The clinical features are subjective in nature. Intra compartmental pressure measurement is a reliable objective method for early and accurate diagnosis of compartment syndrome.Objective: To measure the compartmental pressure in a leg by Whitesides method in Nepalese patient attending a tertiary care hospital in eastern region of Nepal.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study done over the period of three years on adult patients aged 16 years and above presenting to the Emergency Department of BPKIHS with unilateral closed tibial fracture. Total of 60 patients aged 16 years and above with closed fracture tibia were enrolled in the study.Results: Out of total study population, 40 were males and 20 females. The anterior compartmental pressure in the uninjured legs ranged between 3 mmHg and 20 mmHg. Patients from hilly areas had more compartmental pressure (range 8 to 20 mmHg) as compared to patients of plain land (range 3 to 15 mmHg). People of hilly areas have more girth of thigh and calf muscles. Conclusion: The compartmental pressure in the uninjured legs ranged between 3 mmHg and 20 mmHg with variations in different geographic location. Whitesides injection technique of compartmental pressure measurement can be useful in the promptly defect compartmental syndrome in emergency and outpatient set-ups. Health Renaissance 2015;13 (1):[email protected]


2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sreenivasulu T. ◽  
Jahnavi K.

Background: Dengue is the most common fever. Among all flavi-viruses, it is the most common. It can cause around 50-100 million infections. Every year 2-5 lakh cases of Dengue hemorrhagic fever occur. The objective of the research was to study clinical profile of patients with Dengue fever at a tertiary care hospital.Methods: Present study was cross sectional study. The patients were interviewed and examined at one point of time and later they were never followed which is similar to the cross-sectional study design. Present study was carried out in the hospital. This was done in the department of General Medicine of a tertiary care hospital. Present study was carried out over a period of one year.Results: In the present study, there were 78 males and 22 females. The sex ratio was 3.5:1. Maximum number of males (29.5%) was in the age group of 15-25. Among females, the maximum (40.9%) were in the age group of 26-35 years and 46-55 years (9%). The most common presenting symptom was fever in all cases followed by headache in 90%. Among bleeding manifestations, epistaxis, gum bleeding and hematuria (15%) were the common symptoms. Most patients presented with generalized lymphadenopathy in 52%. 56 patients showed only hepatomegaly and 46 splenomegaly, and 30 patients showed hepato splenomegaly. 99 showed leucopenia and 10 were anemic and 25 showed platelet count less than 1,50,000cells/cumm.Conclusions: Males were commonly affected. Younger age group of 15-25 was most commonly affected and fever and headache were the most common presenting symptoms. These findings help physicians in early diagnosis of dengue by suspecting these features as of dengue and can prevent morbidity and mortality associated with dengue.


Author(s):  
Shivani Sinha ◽  
Sanjay Kumar ◽  
Sanjay Kumar Chaudhary ◽  
Setu Sinha ◽  
Varsha Singh ◽  
...  

Background: Vaccines are safe, simple and one of the most cost-effective way to save and improve the lives of children. The World Health Organization launched the Global Programme of Immunization in 1974 and Government of India launched the same in India on 1st January, 1978, with a view to provide protection to the children against disease and to reduce infant mortality rate.Methods: A hospital based cross sectional study was carried out in the immunization clinic of a tertiary care hospital (IGIMS) of Patna district. The study unit were children of age group 0 to 12 months attending the immunisation clinic of IGIMS Patna. The study was conducted from January 2017 to December 2017, for a period of 12 months.Results: About 40% of children were fully immunized, about 73.3% were having immunization card.Conclusions: Immunizations is one of the biggest public health achievements of the last century, saving millions of lives and preventing illness and lifelong disability in millions more. Many childhood diseases which is now preventable by vaccines often resulted in hospitalization, death or lifelong consequences only a few decades ago. Without immunizations, serious outbreaks of many of the diseases we are now protected from can reoccur. There is a need to create awareness regarding the importance of vaccination, as well as the consequences of partial immunization, parents views must also be taken into consideration when the programme is planned, especially those with a lower educational level.


2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-128
Author(s):  
Hamna Javed ◽  
Haider Zaigham Baqai ◽  
Saadia Khan Baloch

ABSTRACT: Objective:           To determine the prevalence of the recurrence rate of Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) in successfully treated patients in a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan. Methodology:           This cross-sectional study was conducted at Benazir Bhutto Hospital Rawalpindi. The study duration was from 01-January-2019 to 01-August-2020. During the study period, a total number of ten thousand nine hundred ninety-seven (10997) patients presented in the chest clinic of the hospital and were included in this study, these patients were re-treatment TB patients and presented with the first-time diagnosis of TB. The recurrence rate was the primary end-point of this study. Results: There were 10997 patients included in this study, out of these 642 (5.83%) patients presented with recurrence. Out of a total of 642 recurrence cases, 533 (83%) patients were SS positive, and the remaining 109 (17%) were SS negative. Out of 642, 341 (53.1%) patients were male and 301 (46.9%) patients were female. Regarding age, most of the patients were in the age group 16-30 (49%), 93 (23%) were in the age group 31-45 years. Regarding the timing of recurrence, 372 (58%) patients presented with in one year, 109 (17%) presented in 12-24 months, 52 (8%) presented in 24-36 months. Conclusion:           Based on our study, the recurrence rate of pulmonary TB was 5.83% in the Pakistani population. The recurrence rate is high in patients having age 15-45 years and recurrence occurs in 58% of patients within first year after successful treatment of Pulmonary TB.


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 1183
Author(s):  
Varun Ganjigunta ◽  
Varsha Suresh Ahirrao ◽  
Premalatha R. ◽  
Ravichander B.

Background: Iron deficiency anemia in 3-6 months-old infants is often neglected. Its presence in healthy infant of less than 6 months of age is largely debated. Neglecting IDA in this critical phase of growth can lead to serious consequences. The aim and objective of the study was to estimate the frequency of IDA in 3-6 months old infants, admitted in rural tertiary care hospital and to study its risk factors.Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted in the pediatric department of rural tertiary care hospital. 100 infants in the age group 3-6 months were included in the study. Relevant maternal and infant factors were noted. CBC with blood indices, peripheral blood smear and reticulocyte count were studied. Anemia in them was defined as hemoglobin <9.5 g/dl. IDA was diagnosed based in history, examination, indices, and peripheral smear.Results: 22% of infants of 3-6 months had IDA. 40.9% of infants with IDA were low birth weight compared to 11.5% without IDA (p value<0.05). All pre-terms included in the study had IDA. 16% of term, normal birth weight, exclusively breast-fed infants had IDA. Underweight and stunting were seen in 31.8 % and 30.8% of IDA infants compared to 9% and 5.4% of infants without IDA.Conclusions: IDA was quite common in infants less than 6 months and also seen in healthy, term and exclusively breast-fed babies, so universal iron supplementation before 6 months need to be considered in National Iron plus Initiative in India. Preterm, LBW babies and babies with NICU stay are at higher risk of IDA. 


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document