scholarly journals A comparative study between endoscope assisted transtympanic pop-in tympanoplasty and permeatal underlay tympanoplasty

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meera Bista ◽  
Toran KC
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Taste Sensation ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal ◽  
Made In

Background: Otoscopic procedure like tympanoplasty is one of the magic wands that an ear nose throat surgeon possesses to alleviate the suffering of a hearing impaired patient. Endoscopic trans-tympanic pop in technique is an alternative method where tympanic fascial graft is placed medial to tympanic membrane remnant through the perforation without elevation of tympanomeatal flap and angled endoscope is used to assess the ossicular chain.Objective: The study was done to compare the results of endoscope assisted trans-tympanic pop-in tympanoplasty with permeatal underlay tympanoplasty.Methods: The study is a prospective, longitudinal and experimental study conducted in Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital from January 2016 to June 2016. A total of sixty-two patients, thirty-one in study and thirty-one in control group were present. The comparison was made in terms of success rate, decrease in taste sensation and time taken for the procedure. Data analysis was done by SPSS version 20. Categorical data were tested by Fisher Exact test and p-value of <0.005 was considered statistically significant.Result: Among 62 patients, 55 had successful graft uptake (88.7% success rate). Hearing improvement was seen in 51 patients (88.25%). Regarding taste sensation 5 out of 62 had decrease in taste sensation after surgery (8%). Time taken was approximately 30 to 45 minutes (mean =44.1min) in endoscopic transtympanic pop-in type and 60 to 90 minutes (mean =73.8 min) in permeatal underlay type.Conclusion: We can conclude that endoscopic trans-tympanic pop-in tympanoplasty gives similar hearing and graft uptake result but with less time and greater ease as compared to permeatal underlay technique.

scholarly journals Impact of early extraction of the deciduous canine on relief of severe crowding:

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mhanna A. Aljabab ◽  
Muteb Algharbi ◽  
Jan Huggare ◽  
Farhan Bazargani
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Treatment Need ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Number Of Visits ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

ABSTRACT Objectives To explore whether there were any differences in orthodontic treatment need, treatment complexity, treatment time, or the number of visits between a group of children receiving early intervention (extraction of upper and lower deciduous canines) and an age- and condition-matched control group without intervention. Materials and Methods Patient records and study casts in the late mixed or early permanent dentitions of 46 subjects (20 from the extraction group and 26 from the control group) of an earlier prospective longitudinal study were retrieved. Orthodontic treatment need and complexity were assessed by the index of complexity, outcome, and need (ICON). Statistical calculations were performed by t-test for parametric outcome variables (treatment time, number of visits, and orthodontic treatment need) and Fisher exact test for the categorical variable (tooth extractions). Results There were no statistically significant differences between the groups in ICON scores of orthodontic treatment need (extraction group, mean score 59.8; control group, mean score 52.8), number of visits (mean of about 15 visits for both groups), or treatment time (extraction group, mean 21.5 months; control group, mean 20.3 months). The extraction of permanent teeth was more prevalent in the deciduous canine extraction group (59%) as compared with the control group (28%); however, this was not statistically significant (P = .07) but showed a tendency toward worsening the crowding and the future need of orthodontic extractions. Conclusions Early removal of deciduous primary canines will reduce neither the need for later orthodontic treatment nor its complexity, nor will it shorten the treatment time.

scholarly journals Effect of Dates Consumption On Bleeding, Duration, And Types of Labor

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Kuswati Kuswati ◽  
Rohmi Handayani
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Exact Test

Dates are a good source of nutrition for the body if consumed regularly both in the form of dried fruit, wet, as well as in the form of palm juice extracts, especially for pregnant and maternal mothers. Pregnant women who are going to give birth are in desperate need of drinks and foods that are rich in sugar, this is because of the many contractions of the uterine muscles when it comes to removing the baby, especially if it takes a long time. Dates contain potuchin hormone which functions to bind the uterus and muscles of the uterus so that it can help reduce postpartum bleeding. Besides, there is the hormone oxytocin which can help stimulate contractions in the muscles of the uterus so as to facilitate labor. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of consumption of dates on bleeding, length of labor and type of labor. This type of research is a Pre experiment with a post-test Only Control Group Design research design. The population in this study were all pregnant women in the working area of South Klaten Public Health Center with estimated deliveries from July to September 2018. While the sample size was 60 samples consisting of 30 treatment group respondents and 30 control group respondents. The sampling technique used in this study was Quota sampling. Data analysis using Fisher Exact test and Mann-Whitney U test with p-value considered significant is p = 0.05. The results of the study of bleeding showed that there were no significant differences in the estimation of blood loss and during labor and type of delivery between the treatment group and the control group (p-value = 0.5). The results of the study about the length of labor showed that there was an effect of date consumption on the length of labor, with a value of p = 0,000

scholarly journals Perinatal Outcomes of Hypertensive Pregnancy: A Case Control Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-42
Author(s):  
Niraj Acharya ◽  
Diwas Dhungana ◽  
Veena Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Fetal Outcome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Medical College

Background: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are one of the maternal diseases that cause the most detrimental effects to the mother and the fetus. Objective: This study was conducted to compare the perinatal outcomes of neonates delivered by hypertensive mothers and normal mothers. Methods: This comparative hospital based study was conducted in Nepalgunj Medical College Teaching Hospital, Kohalpur from December 2014 to December 2015. Fifty mothers fulfilling the inclusion criteria and their fetal outcome in form of still birth and newborn babies were taken for the study and 50 healthy mothers with normotensive pregnancies and their newborn babies or fetal outcome were taken as control. They were followed up till their hospital stay in NICU or postnatal ward and final outcomes were noted. Results: The prevalence of HDP in our hospital was 2.16%. Among neonates, 27(54%) in case group and 9(18%) in control group were low birth weight which is statistically significant. It was found that 18(36%) neonates in case group and 7(14%) neonates in control group were IUGR(Intrauterine growth retardation). Seventeen (34%) neonates in case group were preterm as compared to 2(4%) neonates in control group (p value < 0.001). Conclusion: Pregnancies complicated by hypertension were characterized by an increase in the rate of preterm delivery and low birth weight infants compared with normal pregnancies.

scholarly journals Laparoscopic pyeloplasty for pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction: Our single center experience

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 212-217
Author(s):  
Robin Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
P Value ◽  
Laparoscopic Pyeloplasty ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Single Center Experience ◽  
Open Pyeloplasty ◽  
Laparoscopic Transperitoneal

Background: Open pyeloplasty is considered as the gold standard for the treatment of pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction. Laparoscopic pyeloplasty has added advantages with equivalent success rate and low complication rate. Objectives: The aim is to study our experiences in laparoscopic retroperitoneal and transperitoneal pyeloplasty. Methodology: Sixty-five patients with pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction were included in the study. The study was conducted between October 2016 and May 2019 at Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital. Pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction was evaluated by ultrasound and intravenous or computed tomography urography. Clinical history, hospital stay, complications, success rate and functional outcome were analyzed. Statistical analysis was done using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences,version 20.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). A p-value < 0.05 was taken as significant. Followup of the patients was carried out for six to twelve months clinically and radiologically. Results: Laparoscopic transperitoneal pyeloplasty was performed in 27 males and 8 females. Retroperitoneal pyeloplasty was performed in 30 cases (20 males and 10 females). The mean age was 20.26 ± 3.92 years for all cases. Operative time was longer in retroperitoneal group. There were four conversions in retroperitoneal group. Mean hospital stay was longer in retroperitoneal group with significant p-value<0.001. Success rate was almost similar in both groups with insignificant p-value of 0.46. Conclusion: Transperitoneal laparoscopic pyeloplasty group achieved better results than retroperitoneal pyeloplasty group in terms of hospital stay, complication and drain placement but with almost similar success rate.

scholarly journals Risiko Kejadian Perdarahan Pasca Rawat Inap pada Penggunaan Bersamaan Warfarin dan Antibiotik

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 164
Author(s):  
Nazulanita Rahma ◽  
Tri Murti Andayani ◽  
Arief Nurrochmad
Keyword(s):  
Hazard Ratio ◽  
T Test ◽  
Adjusted Hazard Ratio ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test

Penggunaan warfarin dan antibiotik bersamaan diketahui dapat meningkatkan risiko perdarahan. Kejadian perdarahan mayor terkait warfarin dapat berupa perdarahan fatal hingga menyebabkan kematian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis interaksi warfarin dan antibiotik dan efeknya terhadap kejadian perdarahan pada pemeriksaan pertama pasca rawat inap di RSUD Wates. Desain studi berupa kohort retrospektif pada 67 kasus penggunaan warfarin dengan/tanpa antibiotik oleh pasien rawat inap. Data berupa diagnosis, terapi, pemeriksaan pendukung, dan kejadian perdarahan saat rawat inap hingga pemeriksaan pertama diambil dari rekam medik pasien tertanggal Januari 2018 hingga September 2020. Analisis data dilakukan secara statistika menggunakan ­uji Chi-square atau uji Fisher exact test dan uji independent t-test atau uji Mann Whitney U test. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada kejadian perdarahan dalam waktu 7 hari pasca rawat inap antara kelompok antibiotik dan kontrol (16%; 0%; p = 0.017). Antibiotik yang digunakan oleh pasien dengan kejadian perdarahan yaitu golongan sefalosporin, kuinolon, azitromisin, dan ampisilin-sulbaktam. Kejadian perdarahan yang terjadi meliputi hematemesis melena (25%), hematuria (50%), tidak diketahui (25%). Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa penggunaan bersamaan warfarin dan antibiotik saat rawat inap dapat berpengaruh terhadap kejadian perdarahan dalam waktu 7 hari setelah pasien dipulangkan.Penggunaan warfarin dan antibiotik bersamaan diketahui dapat meningkatkan risiko perdarahan. Kejadian perdarahan mayor terkait warfarin dapat berupa perdarahan fatal hingga menyebabkan kematian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis interaksi warfarin dan antibiotik dan efeknya terhadap kejadian perdarahan pada pemeriksaan pertama pasca rawat inap di RSUD Wates. Desain studi berupa kohort retrospektif [A1] [A2] pada 67 kasus penggunaan warfarin dengan/tanpa antibiotik oleh pasien rawat inap. Data berupa diagnosis, terapi, pemeriksaan pendukung, dan kejadian perdarahan saat rawat inap hingga pemeriksaan pertama diambil dari rekam medik pasien tertanggal Januari 2018 hingga September 2020. Analisis data dilakukan secara statistika menggunakan ­uji Chi-square atau uji Fisher exact test dan uji independent t-test atau uji Mann Whitney U test. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada kejadian perdarahan dalam waktu tujuh hari pasca rawat inap antara kelompok antibiotik dan kontrol (16%; 0%; p = 0.017). [A3] [A4] Antibiotik yang digunakan oleh pasien dengan kejadian perdarahan yaitu azitromisin, ampisilin-sulbaktam, golongan sefalosporin, dan golongan kuinolon.[A5] [A6]  Kejadian perdarahan yang terjadi meliputi hematemesis melena (25%), hematuria (50%), tidak diketahui (25%). Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa penggunaan bersamaan warfarin dan antibiotik saat rawat inap dapat berpengaruh terhadap kejadian perdarahan dalam waktu tujuh hari setelah pasien dipulangkan [A1]Penulis disarankan mempelajari artikel https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6398292/ untuk lebih memahami penulisan artikel dengan desain kohort. [A2]Baik, terimakasih [A3]Tampilan hasil uji dalam studi kohort (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR] = ?; 95% CI, ?; p-value = ) [A4]Tidak dilakukan analisis survival, sementara kejadian perdarahan pada control group adalah 0 sehingga RR adalah tidak terbatas [A5]Ini bukan golongan obat; untuk menghindari multitafsir..kedua obat ini ditulis di awal, sementara yang golongan obat di bagian setelahnya [A6]Sudah kami ubah redaksionalnya

scholarly journals Foot reflexology in feet impairment of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus: randomized trial

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 603-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natália Chantal Magalhães da Silva ◽  
Érika de Cássia Lopes Chaves ◽  
Emilia Campos de Carvalho ◽  
Leonardo César Carvalho ◽  
Denise Hollanda Iunes
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Exact Test

AbstractObjective: to evaluate the effect of foot reflexology on feet impairment of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Method: this is a randomized, controlled and blind clinical trial. The sample was comprised by people with type 2 diabetes mellitus who, after being randomized into Treated group (n = 21) and Control group (n = 24), received guidelines on foot self-care. To the Treated Group it was also provided 12 sessions of foot reflexology. The scores of impairment indicators related to skin and hair, blood circulation, tissue sensitivity and temperature were measured by means of the instrument for assessing tissue integrity of the feet of people with diabetes mellitus. Chi-square test, Fisher exact test, Mann-Whitney test and regression analyzes were applied to the data, considering a significance level of 5% (P value <0.05).Results: participants who received the therapy showed better scores in some impairment indicators related to skin and hair (hair growth, elasticity/turgor, hydration, perspiration, texture and integrity of the skin/ skin peeling).Conclusion: the foot reflexology had a beneficial effect on feet impairment of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus, which makes it a viable therapy, deserving investment. This study was registered in the Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials - RBR-8zk8sz.

scholarly journals Pregnancy Outcome in Women Having Oligohydramnios in Gandaki Medical College Teaching Hospital, Pokhara, Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Malati Tripathi ◽  
T Gurung ◽  
TM Ghale ◽  
B Gurung ◽  
C Pandit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Perinatal Outcome ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Term Pregnancy ◽  
Amniotic Fluid Index ◽  
Medical College

Background: Amniotic fluid index is one of the most commonly used methods of amniotic fluid volume assessment and is a predictor of adverse maternal and perinatal outcome. Objectives: To compare the maternal and perinatal outcome in women with singleton term pregnancies having amniotic fluid index (AFI) ≤5 cm to those having AFI ≥5 to 20 cm. Methods: This is a prospective, case-control study which was conducted at Gandaki Medical College Teaching Hospital over a period of one year from July 2017 to July 2018. It included 60 pregnant women at term pregnancy with amniotic fluid index ≤5 cm. The control group included 60 pregnant women at term pregnancy with amniotic fluid index ≥5 cm. The two groups were compared. Statistical analysis was done using the Chi-square test to calculate the P- value. Results: There was a significantly higher incidence of overall cesarean rates due to fetal distress, low birth weight babies and adverse neonatal outcome like 5 minute Apgar score ≤7, neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission rates, and meconium aspiration syndrome in the group with oligohydramnios as compared to the group with normal liquor volume. Conclusion: Oligohydramnios adversely affects the perinatal outcome. However a favorable outcome can be expected by good antenatal and intrapartum surveillance and neonatal care.

Success Rate of Obturation of Root Canals by Different Techniques in Primary Molars: A Comparative Clinical Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-44
Author(s):  
Satyawan G. Damle ◽  
Ritika Bansal ◽  
Dhanashree D. Sakhare
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Primary Molars ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Second Primary ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Comparative Clinical Study

Objective: To compare the success rate of different obturation procedures in primary mandibular second molars clinically and also by digital radiovisiography. Methods: A total of 40 children aged between 4-8 years with deeply carious mandibular second primary molars indicated for single session pulpectomy were selected. Canals were obturated with Metapex. The 3 study groups (Endodontic plugger, Handheld lentulospiral, Navi Tip syringe) were compared with the control group (reamer) both clinically and radiovisiographically. The data collected were statistically analyzed using Pearson’s Chi-square and Fisher’s exact test. Results: The use of Navi tip syringe led to the least number of voids followed by Endodontic plugger and Reamer and the highest number of voids was reported with Lentulospiral. Navitip presented maximum number of optimally filled cases followed by Endodontic plugger and Lentulospiral and least number of optimally filled cases with reamer. However, there was no statistically significant difference (p>0.05) in any of the groups with clinical (pain and tenderness to percussion) and radiographic parameters (presence or absence of voids and length of obturation). Conclusion: Within the limitations of the present study, though the clinical outcome was statistically insignificant, Navitip syringe exhibited encouraging results and is a promising option for obturation in primary teeth.

scholarly journals Synergistic effect of genetic polymorphisms in TLR6 and TLR10 genes on the risk of pulmonary tuberculosis in a Moldavian population

2021 ◽  
pp. 175342592110299
Author(s):  
Alexander Varzari ◽  
Igor V. Deyneko ◽  
Elena Tudor ◽  
Harald Grallert ◽  
Thomas Illig
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Interaction Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Snp Analysis ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
The Republic

Polymorphisms in genes that control immune function and regulation may influence susceptibility to pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). In this study, 14 polymorphisms in 12 key genes involved in the immune response ( VDR, MR1, TLR1, TLR2, TLR10, SLC11A1, IL1B, IL10, IFNG, TNF, IRAK1, and FOXP3) were tested for their association with pulmonary TB in 271 patients with TB and 251 community-matched controls from the Republic of Moldova. In addition, gene–gene interactions involved in TB susceptibility were analyzed for a total of 43 genetic loci. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis revealed a nominal association between TNF rs1800629 and pulmonary TB (Fisher exact test P = 0.01843). In the pairwise interaction analysis, the combination of the genotypes TLR6 rs5743810 GA and TLR10 rs11096957 GT was significantly associated with an increased genetic risk of pulmonary TB (OR = 2.48, 95% CI = 1.62–3.85; Fisher exact test P value = 1.5 × 10−5, significant after Bonferroni correction). In conclusion, the TLR6 rs5743810 and TLR10 rs11096957 two-locus interaction confers a significantly higher risk for pulmonary TB; due to its high frequency in the population, this SNP combination may serve as a novel biomarker for predicting TB susceptibility.

Innovative Technique to Reduce Incidence of Frey's Syndrome after Parotid Surgery

2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neeraj Singh ◽  
Monica Kohli ◽  
Harjeet Kohli
Keyword(s):  
Absolute Risk ◽  
Absolute Risk Reduction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Regenerated Cellulose ◽  
P Value ◽  
Frey’S Syndrome ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Parotid Surgery ◽  
Frey's Syndrome ◽  
Aberrant Regeneration

Frey's syndrome was first described by Lucia Frey, a Polish neurologist in 1923. It is well accepted that it involves injury to the branches of the auriculotemporal nerve with subsequent aberrant regeneration. Due to this abnormal communication, the skin glands and vessels are always stimulated at the same time as eating and mastication, which results in symptoms such as flushing and sweating. The incidence of Frey's syndrome in the literature has been variously described from 6 to 96 per cent. We analyzed the chart of 18 patients who had parotidectomy from March 2002 to December 2009. All procedures were performed by a single surgeon at the same facility. A total of 16 superficial and three total parotidectomies were done; one patient had bilateral parotidectomy. Oxidized regenerated cellulose (Interceed) was used after 10 surgeries (study group) and no adjuvant was used after nine surgeries (control group). All of the surgeries were done using similar technique. All the patients were followed-up with for a period of about 6 months postoperatively. The absolute risk reduction associated with the placement of an Interceed was 11 per cent. The small number of cases (n = 19) and an empty cell limits statistical analysis (a Fisher's exact test revealed a P value of 0.44). Clearly the low number of procedures restricted the power to test these differences. The development of Frey's syndrome is a very disabling but under-reported complication. The placement of a temporary barrier like Interceed may help in the prevention of Frey's syndrome without increasing any complications.

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