scholarly journals Risiko Kejadian Perdarahan Pasca Rawat Inap pada Penggunaan Bersamaan Warfarin dan Antibiotik

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 164
Author(s):  
Nazulanita Rahma ◽  
Tri Murti Andayani ◽  
Arief Nurrochmad

Penggunaan warfarin dan antibiotik bersamaan diketahui dapat meningkatkan risiko perdarahan. Kejadian perdarahan mayor terkait warfarin dapat berupa perdarahan fatal hingga menyebabkan kematian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis interaksi warfarin dan antibiotik dan efeknya terhadap kejadian perdarahan pada pemeriksaan pertama pasca rawat inap di RSUD Wates. Desain studi berupa kohort retrospektif pada 67 kasus penggunaan warfarin dengan/tanpa antibiotik oleh pasien rawat inap. Data berupa diagnosis, terapi, pemeriksaan pendukung, dan kejadian perdarahan saat rawat inap hingga pemeriksaan pertama diambil dari rekam medik pasien tertanggal Januari 2018 hingga September 2020. Analisis data dilakukan secara statistika menggunakan ­uji Chi-square atau uji Fisher exact test dan uji independent t-test atau uji Mann Whitney U test. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada kejadian perdarahan dalam waktu 7 hari pasca rawat inap antara kelompok antibiotik dan kontrol (16%; 0%; p = 0.017). Antibiotik yang digunakan oleh pasien dengan kejadian perdarahan yaitu golongan sefalosporin, kuinolon, azitromisin, dan ampisilin-sulbaktam. Kejadian perdarahan yang terjadi meliputi hematemesis melena (25%), hematuria (50%), tidak diketahui (25%). Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa penggunaan bersamaan warfarin dan antibiotik saat rawat inap dapat berpengaruh terhadap kejadian perdarahan dalam waktu 7 hari setelah pasien dipulangkan.Penggunaan warfarin dan antibiotik bersamaan diketahui dapat meningkatkan risiko perdarahan. Kejadian perdarahan mayor terkait warfarin dapat berupa perdarahan fatal hingga menyebabkan kematian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis interaksi warfarin dan antibiotik dan efeknya terhadap kejadian perdarahan pada pemeriksaan pertama pasca rawat inap di RSUD Wates. Desain studi berupa kohort retrospektif [A1] [A2] pada 67 kasus penggunaan warfarin dengan/tanpa antibiotik oleh pasien rawat inap. Data berupa diagnosis, terapi, pemeriksaan pendukung, dan kejadian perdarahan saat rawat inap hingga pemeriksaan pertama diambil dari rekam medik pasien tertanggal Januari 2018 hingga September 2020. Analisis data dilakukan secara statistika menggunakan ­uji Chi-square atau uji Fisher exact test dan uji independent t-test atau uji Mann Whitney U test. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada kejadian perdarahan dalam waktu tujuh hari pasca rawat inap antara kelompok antibiotik dan kontrol (16%; 0%; p = 0.017). [A3] [A4] Antibiotik yang digunakan oleh pasien dengan kejadian perdarahan yaitu azitromisin, ampisilin-sulbaktam, golongan sefalosporin, dan golongan kuinolon.[A5] [A6]  Kejadian perdarahan yang terjadi meliputi hematemesis melena (25%), hematuria (50%), tidak diketahui (25%). Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa penggunaan bersamaan warfarin dan antibiotik saat rawat inap dapat berpengaruh terhadap kejadian perdarahan dalam waktu tujuh hari setelah pasien dipulangkan [A1]Penulis disarankan mempelajari artikel https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6398292/ untuk lebih memahami penulisan artikel dengan desain kohort. [A2]Baik, terimakasih [A3]Tampilan hasil uji dalam studi kohort (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR] = ?; 95% CI, ?; p-value = ) [A4]Tidak dilakukan analisis survival, sementara kejadian perdarahan pada control group adalah 0 sehingga RR adalah tidak terbatas [A5]Ini bukan golongan obat; untuk menghindari multitafsir..kedua obat ini ditulis di awal, sementara yang golongan obat di bagian setelahnya [A6]Sudah kami ubah redaksionalnya

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. QUADRI ◽  
N. NATALE ◽  
C. SPREAFICO ◽  
C. BELLONI ◽  
D. BARISANI ◽  
...  

Intravesical prostaglandin E2 is effective in the recovery of spontaneous voiding after transvaginal reconstruction of the pubocervical fascia and short arm sling according to Lahodny. The aim of the study was to compare the effects of intravesical prostaglandin E2 in the prevention of urinary retention after transvaginal reconstruction of the pubocervical fascia and short arm sling according to Lahodny. STUDY DESIGN: From November 1996 to June 1999 fifty women underwent the Lahodny procedure for moderate/severe cystocele and stress urinary incontinence. Women were randomly assigned to 1 of the 2 study groups: intravesical prostaglandin E2 versus controls. Data obtained were analyzed with the Student t test and the Fisher exact test. RESULTS: Two patients of the treatment group had to be excluded from the study, one because of the wrong measurement of the post-voidal residual volume and another due to a fastidious burning sensation which appeared immediately after prostaglandin instillation and required the suspension of the treatment. No other side effects such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea or hyperthermia were observed. Patients who underwent the prostaglandin E2 treatment showed a recovery of spontaneous voiding after 7.9±6.7 days, whereas this interval was significantly longer in the control group, being 12.9±9.7 days (p=0.04, Two tailed Unpaired Student's T test). CONCLUSION: The effectiveness and the low associated morbidity mark the treatment with intravesical prostaglandin E2 useful in the recovery of normal voiding after transvaginal pubocervical fascia reconstruction and short arm sling with the procedure according to Lahodny.


2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prastiwi Putri Basuki ◽  
Triana Uminingsih

Stunting pada masa balita perlu mendapat perhatian khusus termasuk pada anak usia 24-36 bulan. Usia 24-36 bulan merupakan usia anak yang mengalami perkembangan pesat dalam kemampuan kognitif dan motorik. Banyak faktor yang mempengaruhi terjadinya kejadian stunting pada anak, antara lain karakteristik ibu. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui kontribusi karakteristik ibu terhadap kejadian stunting pada anak usia 24-36 bulan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional yang dilakukan di Desa Sendang Mulyo Minggir Sleman Yogyakarta. Sampel yang diambil sebanyak 75 anak usia 24-36 bulan dengan teknik purposive sampling. Analisis data  bivariat menggunakan Chi Square dan Fisher Exact Test dan analisis multivariat menggunakan regresi linier. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendidikan ibu (p value=0,000), pengetahuan ibu (p value=0,022) dan pemberian ASI Ekslusif (p value=0,011) yang artinya terdapat hubungan dengan kejadian stunting. Sedangkan status pekerjaan ibu (p value=0,217) tidak signifikan berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting. Berdasarkan analisis multivariat regresi linier menunjukkan hasil bahwa pendidikan ibu, status  pekerjaan ibu, pengetahuan ibu tentang gizi, dan pemberian ASI Ekslusif bersama-sama mempunyai kontribusi terhadap kejadian stunting sebesar 88,2%. Perlu peningkatan program multisektoral dengan melibatkan semua lapisan masyarakat untuk mengurangi kejadian stunting.


Author(s):  
Xiu-Hang Zhang ◽  
Chang-Lei Cui ◽  
Hao-Yue Zhu ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
Yan Xue ◽  
...  

Abstract The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of the rhGM-CSF gel on third-degree frostbite wounds. Sixty-two patients who had suffered third-degree frostbite on their hand or foot (91 wounds in total) were selected using a convenience sampling method and randomly allocated to two groups: the rhGM-CSF group(31patients,45 frostbite wounds) received the rhGM-CSF gel when wound dressing change daily; however, the control group (31patients, 46 frostbite wounds) received aloe glue. The wound healing time, the score of inflammation about the wound and the positive bacterial culture of wound secretions were used to measure outcomes, respectively. Data were analyzed using SPSS (25.0), Student’s t test or Mann–Whitney U test and chi-square test or Fisher exact test were selected, as appropriate. The healing time of the rhGM-CSF group was (12.2 ± 5.0) days, which was significantly shorter than that of the control group (15.5 ± 4.7) days (P < .0001). The rhGM-CSF group’s wound inflammation scores on the 7th and 14th day of treatment were (0.96 ± 0.21) and (1.88 ± 0.29), respectively, which were better than those of the control group (1.12 ± 0.24) and (1.38 ± 0.15) (both P < .0001). The positive bacterial culture of wound secretions in the rhGM-CSF group was also better than that in the control group on the 3rd, 7th, and 14th day after treatment (P = .027, .004, .030, respectively). According to the results, using rhGM-CSF gel considerably increases the speed of frostbite wounds healing, and have an effect on protecting third-degree frostbite wounds regarding the positive effects. Trial Registration: This trial was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Register, ChiCTR1900021299.


2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meera Bista ◽  
Toran KC

Background: Otoscopic procedure like tympanoplasty is one of the magic wands that an ear nose throat surgeon possesses to alleviate the suffering of a hearing impaired patient. Endoscopic trans-tympanic pop in technique is an alternative method where tympanic fascial graft is placed medial to tympanic membrane remnant through the perforation without elevation of tympanomeatal flap and angled endoscope is used to assess the ossicular chain.Objective: The study was done to compare the results of endoscope assisted trans-tympanic pop-in tympanoplasty with permeatal underlay tympanoplasty.Methods: The study is a prospective, longitudinal and experimental study conducted in Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital from January 2016 to June 2016. A total of sixty-two patients, thirty-one in study and thirty-one in control group were present. The comparison was made in terms of success rate, decrease in taste sensation and time taken for the procedure. Data analysis was done by SPSS version 20. Categorical data were tested by Fisher Exact test and p-value of <0.005 was considered statistically significant.Result: Among 62 patients, 55 had successful graft uptake (88.7% success rate). Hearing improvement was seen in 51 patients (88.25%). Regarding taste sensation 5 out of 62 had decrease in taste sensation after surgery (8%). Time taken was approximately 30 to 45 minutes (mean =44.1min) in endoscopic transtympanic pop-in type and 60 to 90 minutes (mean =73.8 min) in permeatal underlay type.Conclusion: We can conclude that endoscopic trans-tympanic pop-in tympanoplasty gives similar hearing and graft uptake result but with less time and greater ease as compared to permeatal underlay technique.


2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (6_suppl) ◽  
pp. 200-200
Author(s):  
Marcus W. Moses ◽  
Peter Steinwald ◽  
Ellen Jaeger ◽  
Whitley Hatton ◽  
Patrick Cotogno ◽  
...  

200 Background: Circulating tumor-DNA (ctDNA) in mCRPC patients (pts) provides a viable approach for examining the genetic landscape of prostate cancer. In this follow-up, we report ctDNA variants in germline tested mCRPC pts. Methods: ctDNA alterations in 73 genes were detected using Guardant360 (G360) assays. Alteration types assessed were missense, frameshift, insertions, splice variants, truncations, amplifications (amp), deletions, and other. Pts included in the analysis received germline genetic testing (Invitae Corporation, San Francisco, CA) and ctDNA assays at various treatment timepoints. Statistical analyses were performed using chi-square and fisher exact test with p-value <0.05 for significance. Results: Germline and ctDNA testing was completed in 270 mCRPC pts. 13% (35/270) of pts had pathogenic germline alterations. Germline alterations detected were BRCA2 (43%, n=15), ATM (8.5%, n=3), CHEK2 (8.5%, n=3), and BRCA1 (6%, n=2). Of the 673 alterations detected in G360 assays, TP53 (25%, n=167) and AR (17%, n=117) were most commonly observed. ctDNA alteration breakdown for germline negative/positive pts is summarized in Tables A/B. Germline negative pts had more AR alterations compared to germline positive (p = 0.023). Also, germline negative pts presented with more amps (p < 0.001) and germline positive pts with more frameshift alterations (p = 0.005). The association of ctDNA alteration to clinical outcomes in germline positive/negative pts was also assessed and is ongoing. Conclusions: Pts with germline positive alterations had few somatic AR alterations and higher frequency of deleterious mutation in comparison to their germline negative counterparts.[Table: see text][Table: see text]


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 1006-1012
Author(s):  
Ni Made Leni ◽  
Luh Nyoman Alit Aryani ◽  
Anak Ayu Sri Wahyuni ◽  
Ni Ketut Putri Ariani ◽  
Cokorda Bagus Jaya Lesmana ◽  
...  

Background: Adolescent is a transition period from childhood to adulthood, seeking self-identity, anti-social behavior, violence and substance use. Parenting style is one of the risk factors determining substance use behavior among adolescents to prevent and overcome this behavior's consequences. This study aims to determine the relationship between parenting style toward substance use among adolescents in Denpasar. Methods: This research is an analytic observational study with a case-control study design. This research sample is adolescent drug users aged 12-25 years who live with their parents aged 0-17 years. The study was carried out in/at the Class IIA Kerobokan Denpasar Prison from August 2020 to September 2020. The data sources are primary data that taken from the PSQ (Parenting Style Questionnaire) and WHO-ASSIST questionnaires. The independent variable is the parenting style, while the dependent variable is the level of substance use. The data were/are analyzed using the chi-square/Fisher exact test with p-value of <0.05 is considered as significant. Result: The results show that there is a significant relationship between unexpected parenting style according to parents/guardians and drug abuse among adolescents (r = 0.34; p <0.05) and that increased the risk of moderate-heavy drug use among adolescents (OR = 5.93; 95% CI = 1.362-25.788; p = 0.011). Conclusions: Unexpected parenting style is associated to/with higher levels of substance use due to guilt, abusive parenting, neglect, which lead to negative self-esteem in children, emotional submission, insecurity and a lack of self-control in children.


2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Baksono Winardi ◽  
Elga Caecaria Grahardika Andani

Objectives: to identify association between knowledge of pregnant women about anemia and the adherence to consume iron tablets in BPM Titik Suharti, Surabaya, IndonesiaMaterials and Methods: Observational analysis cross sectional study. Population consisted of 55 trimester pregnant women in BPM Titik Suharti, Surabaya, in March-April 2017. Samples were recruited using consecutive sampling. The number of sample was 35 respondents. Data were analyzed using chi-square test.Results: This research showed that all of the less knowledgeable women on anemia (100.00%) were non-adherent to consume iron tablets, almost all moderately knowledgeable women (92.9%) were adherent, and all of the fully knowledgeable women (100.00%) were adherent. Fisher exact test in significance level of 0.05 revealed p value equal to 0.0001, indicating association between knowledge about anemia and adherence to consume iron tablets at BPM Titik Suharti, Surabaya, Indonesia.Conclusion: There is an association between knowledge of pregnant women about anemia with adherence to iron tablets.


2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (15) ◽  
pp. 2488-2496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Golpar Golmohammadzadeh ◽  
Abbas Mohammadpour ◽  
Nematollah Ahangar ◽  
Mohammad Shokrzadeh

BACKGROUND: The second leading cause of cancer-related death in women is breast cancer. Xenobiotic Metabolizing Enzymes (XMEs) contribute to the detoxification of numerous cancer therapy-induced products. In the metabolism of xenobiotic, cytochrome P450s or monooxygenases perform an important function by catalysing the hydroxylation reaction. In this study, the susceptibility and genetic polymorphisms of CYP450 isoenzymes was investigated that may have an etiological role in breast cancer. AIM: The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of CYP1A1 (rs4646421), CYP1B1 (rs1056836), CYP2C8 (rs1058930), and CYP19A1 (rs749292) polymorphisms with the risk of breast cancer in Mazandaran province. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This cross-sectional case-control study were recruited 72 patients and 51 healthy individuals and was performed between March 2018 to May 2018 in the Oncology Department at Imam Hospital in Sari city, Iran. Peripheral blood samples were collected in EDTA tube, and DNA extraction was performed using the salting-out method and WizPrep extraction kits. Breast cancer patients with known clinicopathological characters and healthy women as control group were genotyped for genes polymorphisms by PCR-RFLP technique, using restriction enzymes. Chi-square, Fisher exact test and Logistic regression model, were applied for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The results of the experiments showed that there was a significant relationship between two groups and the age of the patients is significantly higher than the control group (p = 0.044). According to the chi-square and Fisher exact test, education, pregnancy, menopause status and oppose were significant between the two groups. Based on using a logistic regression model in two normalized and age-adjusted models to finding relationship between the genotypes of each gene and breast cancer risk, it was determined that in the CYP2C8 genotype, those who have the CG allele have a 7.74 degree increased risk of breast cancer (CI = 95% 0.95-62.5) and in the CYP19A1 gene, individuals with GA genotype, increased risk of breast cancer (CI = %95 1.52-27.21), about the CYP1B1 gene, people with two genotypes of CG + GG had higher risk of breast cancer (CI = %95 1.19-5.71) and allele G has decreased risk of breast cancer in this gene (P = 0.0271), also allele G in CYP2C8 gene had the protective effect (P = 0.02). In the age-adjusted model, for the CYP2C8 gene, GG genotype increased risk of breast cancer (CI = %95 1.11-75.84) as well as, the CG + GG genotype in CYP1B1 gene (CI = %95 1.31-6.57). CONCLUSION: Our results confirm the association between CYP2C8 (rs1058930), CYP19A1 (rs749292) and CYP1B1 (rs1056836) gene polymorphisms and increased risk of breast cancer in women in Mazandaran province.


2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Kuswati Kuswati ◽  
Rohmi Handayani

Dates are a good source of nutrition for the body if consumed regularly both in the form of dried fruit, wet, as well as in the form of palm juice extracts, especially for pregnant and maternal mothers. Pregnant women who are going to give birth are in desperate need of drinks and foods that are rich in sugar, this is because of the many contractions of the uterine muscles when it comes to removing the baby, especially if it takes a long time. Dates contain potuchin hormone which functions to bind the uterus and muscles of the uterus so that it can help reduce postpartum bleeding. Besides, there is the hormone oxytocin which can help stimulate contractions in the muscles of the uterus so as to facilitate labor. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of consumption of dates on bleeding, length of labor and type of labor. This type of research is a Pre experiment with a post-test Only Control Group Design research design. The population in this study were all pregnant women in the working area of South Klaten Public Health Center with estimated deliveries from July to September 2018. While the sample size was 60 samples consisting of 30 treatment group respondents and 30 control group respondents. The sampling technique used in this study was Quota sampling. Data analysis using Fisher Exact test and Mann-Whitney U test with p-value considered significant is p = 0.05. The results of the study of bleeding showed that there were no significant differences in the estimation of blood loss and during labor and type of delivery between the treatment group and the control group (p-value = 0.5). The results of the study about the length of labor showed that there was an effect of date consumption on the length of labor, with a value of p = 0,000


2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 396
Author(s):  
Nurasih Nurasih ◽  
Endang Nurrochmi

In Indonesia, Yoga is currently one of the most popular sports, not only for the general public but also for pregnant women. Many benefits can be obtained from prenatal yoga including the mother feeling comfortable and relaxed throughout pregnancy and during childbirth, training the pelvic floor muscles and perineum, keeping the body's muscles relaxed, balanced during childbirth, reducing stress, increasing and improving oxygen circulation to the body and fetus. . This study aims to determine the effect of prenatal yoga on optimizing fetal position on third trimester Primigravida maternal delivery output at Puskesmas Cirebon City. This research is a quasi-experimental research pre post control group design and only post control group design with T test and Chi Square test. Paired T Test results of the intervention group (mean difference = 3.111, P value = 0.000, control group (mean difference = 0.833, P value = 0.318). Independent T Test results obtained (average difference = -1.944, P value = 0.024), Chi Square test obtained a value of P = 0.73. There is a difference in the average anxiety before and after the intervention in the intervention group, there is no difference in average anxiety before and after the intervention in the control group. There is a difference in the average anxiety between the intervention and control groups. There is a difference in mean Long I stage between the intervention and control groups There was no effect of prenatal yoga on the type of labor.


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