scholarly journals Breast Feeding and Weight Loss Pattern in Term Neonates During First 72 Hours of Life: A Cross Sectional Observational Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-6
Author(s):  
Badri Kumar Gupta ◽  
Binod Kumar Gupta ◽  
Raju Kaphle ◽  
Sandeep Shrestha ◽  
Nagendra Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Term Neonates ◽  
Breastfed Infants ◽  
Expressed Breast Milk

Introduction: Healthy, full term, exclusively breastfed infants are expected to lose weight in the first days following birth. There are conflicting opinions about what constitutes a normal neonatal weight loss. This study was conducted to establish the reference weight loss pattern in exclusively breastfed neonates.  Materials and methods: A cross sectional observational study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital of western Nepal for a period of 12 months. All babies delivered were recruited. Newborns with birthweight of > 2500 grams without any congenital anomalies and Apgar score >7/10 were finally included for analysis. Breast feeding was started as soon as possible and all newborns were fed within 6 hours of life. If breast feeding was not possible within first 2 hours of life, expressed breast milk (EBM) or formula feeding was initiated as recommended. Data was analyzed showing distribution and frequency of various parameters like initiation of breastfeeding, weight of babies at different time intervals and weight loss patterns.  Results: Out of 1000 babies subjected to analysis, majority were males (n= 517, 51.7%). The average time of initiation of breast feeding was less than 6 hours. The weight loss pattern in babies was 7.1% at 72 hours of life.  Conclusion: Breast feeding was initiated as soon as possible in all healthy term neonates. The average weight loss pattern in all term healthy newborns were almost similar.

scholarly journals Drug utilization of antibiotics in post-operative cesarean section inpatients in tertiary care hospital: a prospective observational study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 859
Author(s):  
Srinivasa B. ◽  
Basavaraj C. Kotinatot
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Essential Medicines ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Institutional Ethics ◽  
National Model ◽  
Rational Use Of Antibiotics

Background: The aim of this study is to evaluate the pattern and rational use of antibiotics in post-operative caesarean section (CS) inpatients in tertiary care teaching hospital, BIMS Belagavi.Methods: This cross sectional prospective observational study was conducted from December 2019 to February 2020, prior permission from institutional ethics committee was taken. Detailed data of post-operative caesarean section (CS) inpatients including age, diagnosis, line of management, complications and any adverse effects if occurred during the study was collected and entered in a specially designed proforma and MS word excel and analyzed by descriptive statistics like percentage.Results: Total 100 post-operative caesarean section inpatients were involved in the study. Most common indication for C-section was cephalopelvic disproportion. Average no of antibiotics per prescription was 3.32. Most commonly prescribed antibiotic was cefotaxime (27.71%) followed by gentamycin (25.90%) and metronidazole (24.59%). Majority (90%) of patients who admitted for ≤3 days (66%) had received combination antibiotic i.e., cefotaxime, metronidazole and gentamycin. IV fluids (21.21%) and analgesics (13.13%) were most frequently prescribed concomitant drugs. Majority (97.8%) of patients received parenteral preparation. 306 antibiotics (92.17%) used were from national model list of essential medicines (NLEM) and 332 antibiotics (100%). used were by generic name. Polypharmacy was 7.92.Conclusions: Cefotaxime was the most frequently prescribed antibiotic. Most of the antibiotics prescribed was rationally from NLEM and were by generic name.

scholarly journals Clinical spectrum and outcome of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis in children.

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (09) ◽  
pp. 1336-1340
Author(s):  
Asma Mushtaq ◽  
Aysha Mansoor Lodhi ◽  
Wajiha Rizwan ◽  
Carol Ruth ◽  
Meher Muzaffar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Clinical Spectrum ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Duration Of Symptoms ◽  
Extra Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Extra Pulmonary

Objective: To determine the types, clinical spectrum and outcome of Extra-Pulmonary Tuberculosis (EPTB) in children admitted at a tertiary care hospital. Study Design: Cross Sectional study. Setting: The Children's Hospital and The Institute of Child Health, Lahore. Period: May to December 2019. Material & Methods: A total of 63 patients diagnosed with EPTB aged 1 month to 16 years were included. All patients with lung involvement were excluded from the study. Anti-tuberculous therapy (ATT) was started in all patients and outcome was monitored during the hospital stay. Results: In a total of 63 patients, mean age was 9.03+3.1 years. There were 35 (55.5%) male and 28 (44.4%) female. The mean duration of symptoms at the time of presentation was 5.93+2.4 months. The common sites of EPTB were meninges noted in 17(26.9%), pleural in 13 (20.6%), abdominal in 12 (19.04%), lymph nodes in 11 (17.4%), disseminated in 6 (9.52%) and bone and joints in 4 (6.34%) patients. The most common systemic complaints were fever in 58 (92.06%), weight loss in 48 (76.1%) and anorexia in 45 (71.4%). After treatment, fifty-four patients improved and discharged while 9 (14.2%) patients died. Conclusion: The commonest sites of EPTB were meninges, pleural, abdomen and lymph nodes. Fever, weight loss and anorexia were the most frequent systemic complaints. Most of the patients recovered while the most common cause of mortality was tuberculous meningitis.

scholarly journals A cross-sectional observational study of geriatric dermatoses in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Northern India

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reetu Agarwal ◽  
Loknandani Sharma ◽  
Ajay Chopra ◽  
Debdeep Mitra ◽  
Neerja Saraswat
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Northern India

scholarly journals EPICARDIALADIPOSE TISSUE THICKNESS IN PATIENTS WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS.

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-28
Author(s):  
Jayanta Saha ◽  
Kuntal Bhattacharyya ◽  
Shravan Kumar ◽  
Debarshi Jana
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
International Diabetes Federation ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional

INTRODUCTION Metabolic syndrome is a constellation of several cardiovascular risk factors, and is defined by the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Adult Treatment Panel (ATP) III criteria (2001) or the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria (2005). 1, 2The prevalence of metabolic syndrome varies between 24.6 - 41% in different parts of Indian subcontinent and based on different criteria for metabolic syndrome. OBJECTIVES To assess epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) thickness by echocardiography in patients with metabolic syndrome, and find out if there is any association between EAT thickness and different cardiovascular risk factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional observational study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in India among patients attending the Medicine and Cardiology out-patient department (OPD) during the study period of six months from May 2018 to October 2018. Patients satisfying the diagnostic criteria of metabolic syndrome as per the IDF criteria (2005) were included in the study, as there are separate cut off points for waist circumference for South Asian population. Design: Cross-sectional observational study. Setting: Single centre study in a tertiary care teaching hospital. Participants: Initially 450 patients with metabolic syndrome as per International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria (2005) were screened. Patients having age above 65 years, deranged liver/renal function, ischemic heart disease, heart failure, malignancy, pregnancy, ascitis, poor echo window, history of endocrine disorders like Cushing Syndrome, glucocorticoid use, having any acute illness and those not giving consent were excluded. Final sample size was 397. For defining the normal EAT thickness in this geographic region, 50 age and gender matched healthy volunteers without any conventional cardiovascular risk factors (except age in some cases) acted as controls. Study period was six months. RESULT The mean value of EAT thickness in the control group was 2.97 (± 0.86) mm, hence the upper reference limit of EAT thickness in this study was taken as more than mean + 2SD, i.e. 4.69mm. Mean EAT thickness in patients suffering from metabolic syndrome was 5.48 ± 0.83 mm, which was significantly increased compared to controls. Taking 4.69mm as cut off, it was seen that 311 (78.34%) patients had increased EAT thickness >4.69mm. CONCLUSION Further studies with larger sample size and longitudinal design are required to establish the ability of EAT thickness to predict cardiovascular risk.

scholarly journals Pattern of use of anti-hypertensive drugs amongst hypertensive patients in a tertiary care hospital: a cross sectional, observational study

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Sharmin Khan ◽  
Ram N. Maiti ◽  
Sekhar Mandal
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Calcium Channel ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Renal Diseases ◽  
National Committee ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hypertensive Patients

Background: Hypertension is one of the primary modifiable risk factors for cardiac and renal diseases and is the single most important risk factor for stroke. Despite different guidelines for management of hypertension like Joint National Committee, British Hypertension Society, National Institute for Health and Care Excellence; there are still the clouds of controversy. The objective of the study was to evaluate the prescribing pattern of antihypertensive drugs among the patients attending medicine outpatient department of a tertiary care teaching hospitalMethods: A cross-sectional, observational study was conducted in our hospital over a period of six months. Relevant information was collected from medical records of 209 hypertensive patients fulfilling inclusion criteria. The collected data were sorted and analyzed.Results: Out of 209 patients, maximum were of age group of 45-65 years (55.02%). 115 (55.02%) were male and 94 (44.97%) were female. Diabetes mellitus (24.4%) was the most common associated disease with hypertension. Most of the patients had received single antihypertensive drugs (49.28%). Among the monotherapy category calcium channel blocker (82.78%) was the most commonly prescribed antihypertensive drug class followed by angiotensin receptor blocker (36.36%). Amlodipine (81.82%) was the most common among calcium channel blockers. The most frequent fixed drug combination prescribed consisted of amlodipine and atenolol. Most of the drugs were prescribed in generic name (90.9%).Conclusions: The treatment pattern, in general, conformed to standard treatment guidelines.

scholarly journals AN AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY OF PRESCRIPTION PATTERN OF DRUGS FOR OSTEOARTHRITIS IN A NORTH INDIAN MEDICAL COLLEGE

2019 ◽  
pp. 308-310
Author(s):  
ASHWANI UMMAT ◽  
RANJODH JEET SINGH ◽  
SONIA KOCHHAR
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prescription Pattern ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Indian Medical

Objective: The objective of the study is to analyze the prescription pattern of drugs for osteoarthritis (OA) in a north Indian medical college collaborated with a tertiary care hospital. Methods: An observational study was conducted on 300 patients diagnosed with OA in the department of orthopedics in collaboration with the department of pharmacology, and thus, prescription was collected as in a cross-sectional manner for 6 months and the same were analyzed in the Department of Orthopedics in tertiary care hospital collaborated with medical college. Results: The average age of patients participating in this present study was 56.46±7.4 years with affected age group of 46-60 years. 60 % of females were affected by osteoarthritis outnumbering male (40 %) patients in this present study. The most commonly involved joint was knee joint (87.33 %) in patients diagnosed with osteoarthritis followed by back (6.67 %) and hip joint (6%). The combination therapy (90 %) outweighed monotherapy (10 %) with preferred route of drug administration as oral route (90 %) followed by topical route (10 %). The average number of drugs prescribed for patients of osteoarthritis was 2.62±0.76. This present study concludes that NSAIDs (45.8%) were prescribed most commonly. However, the drug paracetamol was lesser prescribed and other drugs such as Diclofenac (27.22 %) and acetaminophen (34.44 %) most of all followed by Nimesulide (16.67 %), ibuprofen (13.33 %) and Rofecoxib/valdecoxib (8.33 %) were prescribed. Conclusion: This present study concludes that NSAIDs were most commonly prescribed as p-drugs while paracetamol was undermined prescribed.

A Cross Sectional Survey on Knowledge, Attitude and Breast-Feeding Practices among Postnatal Mothers Delivering at Tertiary Care Hospital in North India

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 451-458
Author(s):  
Rajender Singh ◽  
Mangla Sood ◽  
Vipin Roach
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
North India ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Postnatal Mothers

Background: Despite benefits of breast feeding for both the infants and mothers, its prevalence has remained low worldwide. The present study was conducted to examine the knowledge and attitude towards breast feeding practices among postnatal mothers. Methodology:A cross sectional study was conducted among non-randomly selected postnatal mothers at a tertiary care hospital in North India. Data was collected through a structured online questionnaire administered on electronic tablet before discharge. Results: Among 430 females enrolled in study, majority (98.65%)of the mothers believed breast milk is best nutrition for infant. 211(95%) multipara were breastfeeders, 64 among them had breastfed for more than 2 years. Only 9 mothers had stopped BF before 6 months. However, only 301(78%) had initiated breast feeding within one hour of birth. Early initiation was higher among vaginal (50.34%) compared to Caesarean (25.7%) births. Only 40% mothers observed correct positioning and attachment of infant on breast. Higher number of antenatal visits and correct skill of latching infant on breast were significantly associated with better exclusive BF rates. 91% mothers preferred to increase suckling on breast by infant to tackle problem of inadequate breast milk output. Conclusion: Our findings showed increase knowledge and positive attitude for BF among post natal mothers delivering in hospitals. We emphasise on the importance of prenatal education to mothers and fathers on breast-feeding. We also recommend strengthening the public health education campaigns to promote breast-feeding. Keywords: Attitudes, Breast feeding, India, Infant feeding practices, Knowledge, Mothers.

scholarly journals Association of Acute Otitis Media with Breast Feeding Position Among Infants in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samia Tul Rasool ◽  
Sana Mansoor ◽  
Tayyab Mumtaz Khan ◽  
Ashar Alamgir ◽  
Maida Meer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Educational Levels ◽  
Breastfed Infants ◽  
Chi Square Test

Acute otitis media (AOM) is the commonest disease of childhood. High incidence of AOM might be due to immature Eustachian Tube and immaturity of immune system. Exclusive breast feeding is protective against acute otitis media, however, improper breastfeeding  position can increase AOM occurrence in infants. This study aims to assess the association of improper breastfeeding position with occurrence of Acute otitis media in infants and to assess association of Maternal educational levels with feeding positions. 220 breastfed infants satisfying inclusion criteria with diagnosed AOM were enrolled. Study was conducted over a period of 6 months from August 2019 to January 2020. Demographic details and Detailed history regarding feeding positions and maternal educational levels were obtained through a Self-structured proforma from parents. Data analysis was done through descriptive statistics and chi square test and p value less than 0.5 was set significant. Out of 220 infants, 123(55.90%) were male and 97(44.10%) were females. AOM was more common in male infants than female infants, however it was not statistically significant(p=0.169). The mean age for enrolled infants(1-12months) was 6.90(±3.413). Statistically significant association between increase incidence of AOM and breastfeeding position was found(p=0.032). We also found a statistically significant association between maternal educational levels and breastfeeding position (p= 0.000). In this study, we have noted that Breastfeeding in supine position is associated significantly with increase in incidence of AOM. Feeding positions are statistically associated with Maternal Educational levels.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document