Duckweed: The hidden treasure

In recent years, the tiny aquatic angiospermic plants ‘duckweeds’ have become prominent because they provide high protein animal feed, organic fertilizer, bio-fuel; control mosquitoes; and, have great applicability in wastewater purification, toxicity testing, and in basic research and evolutionary model system. In the aforesaid context, this presentation deals in brief with general characteristics, distribution, environmental requirements, aquaculture, and some uses of duckweeds.

Download Full-text

Peningkatan Kapasitas Dalam Teknologi Pakan Dan Pengolahan Limbah Ternak Pada Kelompok Peternak Sapi Potong Di Desa Mattirowalie, Kec. Libureng, Kab. Bone

JATI EMAS (Jurnal Aplikasi Teknik dan Pengabdian Masyarakat) ◽

10.36339/je.v2i2.154 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 64

Author(s):

Muhammad Irfan Said ◽

Muhammad Hatta ◽

St. Rohani

Keyword(s):

Training Programs ◽

Animal Feed ◽

Agricultural Waste ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Manufacturing Technology ◽

Livestock Waste ◽

Livestock Industry ◽

Technology Introduction ◽

Fermentation Technology

Knowledge of animal feed and waste is an important component in building the livestock industry. The aspectof availability of feed and the production of livestock waste is one of the problems by cattle farmers in MattirowalieVillage, Libureng Sub-District, Bone Regency. Efforts to increase the capacity of farmers in solving these problems areneeded to increase the productivity of their livestock. This program aims to increase knowledge for farmers of beef cattlein processing agricultural and livestock waste into feed products and processing them into organic fertilizer. This activityis an implementation of the Program Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Unhas (PPMU) Program Kemitraan Masyarakat(PKM). This activity was carried out in Mattirowalie Village, Libureng Sub-District, Bone Regency. The partner groupsinvolved as targets were the "Kurusumange" and "Masempo Dalle" farmers group (FG). The number of trainingparticipants involved in this activity is approximately 25 peoples, overall were cattle farmers with 2-3 cattle/person. Theimplementation of technology introduction programs was carried out in the form of training programs and technologyassistance. Several technology packages that have been implemented were: 1) ammoniation technology, 2) complete feedsilage fermentation technology, 3) manufacturing of local microorganism (LM) technology and 4) Urea Molasses Block(UMB) manufacturing technology. The results of the implementation of activities to increase the capacity of partnermembers in processing agricultural waste and livestock into alternative animal feed and organic fertilizer

Download Full-text

Induction and Maturation of Hepatocyte-Like Cells In Vitro: Focus on Technological Advances and Challenges

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology ◽

10.3389/fcell.2021.765980 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Ye Xie ◽

Jia Yao ◽

Weilin Jin ◽

Longfei Ren ◽

Xun Li

Keyword(s):

Genetic Manipulation ◽

Toxicity Testing ◽

Basic Research ◽

Drug Approval ◽

Cell Types ◽

Comprehensive Overview ◽

Technological Advances ◽

Degree Of Differentiation

Limited by the poor proliferation and restricted sources of adult hepatocytes, there is an urgent need to find substitutes for proliferation and cultivation of mature hepatocytes in vitro for use in disease treatment, drug approval, and toxicity testing. Hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs), which originate from undifferentiated stem cells or modified adult cells, are considered good candidates because of their advantages in terms of cell source and in vitro expansion ability. However, the majority of induced HLCs are in an immature state, and their degree of differentiation is heterogeneous, diminishing their usability in basic research and limiting their clinical application. Therefore, various methods have been developed to promote the maturation of HLCs, including chemical approaches, alteration of cell culture systems, and genetic manipulation, to meet the needs of in vivo transplantation and in vitro model establishment. This review proposes different cell types for the induction of HLCs, and provide a comprehensive overview of various techniques to promote the generation and maturation of HLCs in vitro.

Download Full-text

Development of high protein soybean experimental lines with enhanced sulfur amino acid content

10.32469/10355/73817 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

◽

Alaa Alaswad

Keyword(s):

Amino Acid ◽

Acid Content ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

Animal Feed ◽

Amino Acid Content ◽

The United States ◽

High Protein ◽

Sulfur Amino Acid ◽

Soybean Line ◽

Modest Improvement

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT AUTHOR'S REQUEST.] Soybean is one of the most important field crops grown in the United States. Commercial soybeans contain about 36 - 40% protein and 18 - 20% oil, by dry weight. Most of the soybean produced in the U.S. is utilized for oil production and animal feed. Even though soybean is a rich source of protein for livestock and humans, the nutritional quality of soybean can be further enhanced if the concentration of sulfur containing amino acids, methionine and cysteine, can be increased. Previously, our lab has employed transgenic approaches to increase the nutritive value of soybean by expressing heterologous sulfur-rich seed proteins and by manipulating the sulfur assimilatory pathway. Even though modest improvement in the nutritive value has been obtained by these approaches, till now no high yielding soybean cultivars with high protein and high sulfur amino acid content has been developed. Such cultivars will be of great value for the agricultural industry especially in animal feed. In this study, I have crossed a South Korean high protein soybean line (Lee5) with a transgenic soybean line with elevated sulfur amino acid content (CS) and developed soybean experimental lines that were advanced to F4:5 seeds. Theses experimental lines exhibit both high protein and high sulfur amino acid content. The protein content of their seeds has been increased 8 to 14% while their oil content has decreased 5 to 7% when compared with CS. Furthermore, I have successfully introduced the cytosolic isoform of O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase (OASS), the overexpressed transgene, from CS into these crosses. The activity of OASS has been increased 5 to 20-fold in experimental lines when compared to Lee5.

Download Full-text

A novel standardized in vitro islet model system for efficacy and toxicity testing in pancreatic β-cells

Toxicology Letters ◽

10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.06.1602 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 258 ◽

pp. S158

Author(s):

B. Yesildag ◽

A. Neelakandhan ◽

S. Messner ◽

W. Moritz

Keyword(s):

Toxicity Testing ◽

Model System ◽

Β Cells ◽

Pancreatic Β Cells

Download Full-text

TANGGUNG JAWAB SOSIAL PERUSAHAAN DAN PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH ORGANIK BERKELANJUTAN (Kasus Penerapan Program BU MANIK pada CSR PT. Pertamina TBBM Bandung Group)

Prosiding Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ◽

10.24198/jppm.v7i2.29056 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 317

Author(s):

Rifky Taufiq Fardian ◽

Aufa Hanum ◽

Santoso Tri Raharjo ◽

Nurliana Cipta Apsari

Keyword(s):

Waste Management ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Organic Waste ◽

Animal Feed ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Business Practice ◽

City Government ◽

Household Waste ◽

Practice Model ◽

The City

ABSTRAKSalah satu dampak dari proses pembangunan adalah pencemaran dan kerusakan lingkungan. Pertumbuhan penduduk yang pesat terutama di daerah perkotaan dengan perilaku membuang sampah yang tidak baik menyebabkan berbagai limbah yang harus diserap oleh lingkungan, terutama limbah domestik atau limbah rumah tangga. Komposisi sampah organik menempati persentase tertinggi hingga 57% di Kota Bandung, dimana limbah sisa makanan yang menempati urutan teratas yaitu sebesar 40%. Masyarakat dan pemerintah saja tidak cukup untuk mengatasi persoalan pengelolaan sampah. Keterlibatan dan partisipasi aktif perusahaan sebagai pihak swasta melalui kegiatan tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan dapat dilakukan melalui program-program yang mendukung pengolahan limbah organik berkelanjutan. Pengembangan program CSR yang baik pada suatu perusahaan sebaiknya dikaitakn dengan kebutuhan dan persoalan yang dihadapi masyarakat sekitar. Model Social Responsible Business Practice, merupakan salah satu jenis program yang bertujuan untuk mensejahterakan masyarakat, tapi juga memiliki korelasi positif dalam peningkatan produktivitas perusahaan secara operasional. Model praktik ini, memungkinkan aktivitas perusahaan yang salah satunya mencakup penyediaan fasilitas yang memenuhi tingkat keamanan dan keselamatan lingkungan dan dapat memelihara aktivitas pembangunan berkelanjutan. PT. Pertamina TBBM Bandung Group merupakan salah satu BUMN yang peduli dengan inovasi penanganan masalah sampah di Kota Bandung, melalui program BU MANIK (Budidaya Maggot dan Pupuk Organik), sejalan dengan program KANG PISMAN (Kurangi, Pisahkan, Manfaatkan) milik pemerintah Kota Bandung, yang bertujuan untuk membudidayakan maggot sebagai media utama pengurai limbah organik serta pakan ternak alami. Efektifitas program ini bergantung pada CSR PT. Pertamina TBBM Bandung Group sebagai lembaga yang memfasilitasi pelaksanaan program dan kelompok bank sampah sebagai komunitas yang diberdayakan, serta keterlibatan masyarakat dan dukungan pemerintah.Kata kunci: CSR, pengelolaan sampah, sumber daya berkelanjutan, pemberdayaan ABSTRACTOne of the impacts of the development process is environmental pollution and damage. Rapid population growth, especially in urban areas with bad waste disposal behavior, causes a variety of waste that must be absorbed by the environment, especially domestic waste or household waste. The composition of organic waste occupies the highest percentage up to 57% in the city of Bandung, where food waste that occupies the top rank is 40%. The community and the government alone are not enough to overcome the problem of waste management. The involvement and active participation of companies as private parties through corporate social responsibility activities can be done through programs that support sustainable organic waste treatment. The development of a good CSR program in a company should be related to the needs and problems faced by the surrounding community. Social Responsible Business Practice Model, is one type of program that aims to prosper the community, but also has a positive correlation in increasing company operational productivity. This practice model allows company activities, one of which includes the provision of facilities that meet the level of environmental security and safety and can maintain sustainable development activities. PT. Pertamina TBBM Bandung Group is one of the BUMN that is concerned with the innovation of handling waste problems in the city of Bandung, through the BU MANIK (Cultivating Maggot and Organic Fertilizer) program, in line with the KANG PISMAN program (Reduce, Separate, Utilize) the Bandung city government, which aims to cultivate maggot as the main media to decompose organic waste and natural animal feed. The effectiveness of this program depends on the CSR of PT. Pertamina TBBM Bandung Group as an institution that facilitates the implementation of programs and groups of waste banks as an empowered community; as well as community involvement and government support.Keywords: CSR, waste management, sustainable resource, empowerment

Download Full-text

Bioconversion of Cattle Manure by Hermetia Illucens Larvae: Mineral Content Changes in Manure and Larval Biomass.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-943772/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Joan Sanchez-Matos ◽

Lara Pinto de Aráujo ◽

Vinnícius Henrique Cerqueira da Silva ◽

Ivon Pinheiro Lôbo ◽

Raildo Mota de Jesus ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mineral Content ◽

Waste Treatment ◽

Animal Feed ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Cattle Manure ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Hermetia Illucens ◽

Novel Technology ◽

Organic Waste Treatment ◽

Hermetia Illucens Larvae

Abstract Bioconversion by Hermetia illucens larvae is a novel technology for organic waste treatment and valorization. However, since the possible uses of products from this process are in agriculture and livestock, the bioconversion must guarantee the mineral quality of both the Hermetia illucens larvae frass and larval biomass. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the mineral content changes for both the larval biomass and larvae frass of Hermetia illucens after the manure bioconversion to determine their suitability as animal feed and organic fertilizer, respectively. Hermetia illucens larvae were put into a plastic box containing fresh cattle manure, and the control treatment with the same conditions without larvae was established. After the first pre-pupae were detected, frass and larvae were collected, and their mineral content was analyzed. At the end of the experiment, the larvae showed increases in some micro and macronutrients, especially calcium and manganese, increasing up to 2.6 and 22.6 times the initial concentration, respectively. The toxic elements concentration was increased in larval biomass, but these levels met the international legislation for animal feed. As a result, the mineral content in larval biomass revealed that Hermetia illucens could be potentially used as animal feed, which could be comparable with fish meal, and is probably better than soybean meal. However, the larvae frass could only be used as organic fertilizer in a Canadian context, with further treatment for decreasing the chromium content being necessary.

Download Full-text

Isolation of a methane-oxydizing bacterium for the study on single cell protein production from methane

Vietnam Journal of Biotechnology ◽

10.15625/1811-4989/14/3/9876 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 581-588

Author(s):

Nguyễn Thị Hiếu Thu ◽

Đinh Thuý Hằng

Keyword(s):

Single Cell ◽

16S Rdna ◽

Animal Feed ◽

Biomass Conversion ◽

Single Cell Protein ◽

High Protein ◽

Cell Protein ◽

Pmoa Gene ◽

Climate Conditions ◽

Plant Protein Sources

Single cell protein (SCP) can be produced from biomass of different types of microorganisms that have high protein content such as yeast, filamentous fungi, algae and bacteria. In comparison to animal and plant protein sources, this kind of protein has several advantages, namely high protein and nutrient contents, being produced in fermenters with the use of variety of organic wastes, independence in agriculture land or climate conditions. Methane oxidizing bacteria (MOB) are considered as good candidates for SCP production and have been intensively studied recently. In the present study, a MOB strain BG3 was isolated from wastewater of an anaerobic digester via enrichment and isolation procedures using methane as the only carbon and energy sources. Strain BG3 comprised of oval-shaped cells of 0,8-1´16 -1,8 μm in size, almost nonmotile. Based on comparative analyses of the 16S rDNA partial sequences, strain BG3 was identified as a member of the Methylomonas genus, the most closely related species was Methylomonas koyamae (97% homology). This was also confirmed by analyses of sequence of the pmoA gene, encoding for a-subunit in the methane-monooxygenase in the strain. Besides methane, strain BG3 also utilized methanol for the growth. It has been shown that methane-fed culture of strain BG3 could produce 68.69 g crude protein per 100 g CDW and the according methane to biomass conversion efficiency was 2,8 m3 methane×kg-1 dry biomassas. Owing the capability of utilization of methane, the second important greenhouse gas, for the production of protein source for animal feed, strain BG3 would have a great application potential in Vietnam. Strain BG3 was designated as Methylomonas sp. BG3 and its 16S rDNA and pmoA gene sequences were deposited at the GenBank with accession numbers of KJ081955 and KJ081956, respectively.

Download Full-text

CONVERSION OF DURIAN SHELL AGROINDUSTRIAL WASTE INTO VARIOUS VALUABLE PRODUCTS TO SUPPORT THE FOOD SECURITY DURING THE COVID-19 NEW NORMAL ERA: REVIEW

Jurnal Teknologi Hasil Pertanian ◽

10.20961/jthp.v13i2.43599 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 111

Author(s):

Ratna Dewi Kusumaningtyas ◽

Ahmad Faiz Armiano Syah

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Animal Feed ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Animal Husbandry ◽

Economic Sectors ◽

New Normal ◽

Central Java ◽

Durio Zibethinus ◽

Agroindustrial Waste ◽

Crop Agriculture

<p>Durian (<em>Durio zibethinus Murray) </em>is a tropical, delicious and expensive fruit with specific aroma. Indonesia is among the biggest and the best durian fruit producer in the world. There are various types of Durian in Indonesia, coming from different areas. Based on the data released by the Central Bureau of Statistic, it was demonstrated that the main provinces producing durian in 2019 were East Java, Central Java, West Java, North Sumatera, West Sumatera, Banten, South Sulawesi, and South Sumatera with the total harvest of 289,334 ton, 172,939 ton, 94,183 ton, 90,105 ton, 62,564 ton, 46,436 ton, 45,729 ton, and 42,048 ton, respectively. The high production of durian fruit is beneficial for the agroindustrial and economic sectors. On the other hand, it also results in the abundance waste during the harvest time which causes many problems to the environment. The percentage of durian flesh of fruit is only 20.52%, meaning that the 79.48% of durian is unutilized parts such as shell and seeds. The waste resulted from durian is about 556,360 ton per year. Durian waste, especially durian shell, is difficult to degrade. Hence, the proper waste management of the durian shell is crucial. The strategic way to manage the durian shell is by upgrading this waste into various valuable products. In this work, the innovation of the durian shell waste conversion into diverse product to support the national food security during the covid-19 new normal era is discussed. Durian shell is potential to be used for the production of food products such as candy, pectin, edible film, and crackers, flour, and noodle. It also has potency to be utilized in the production of products which support the development of food crop agriculture and animal husbandry, such as biopesticides, organic fertilizer, and animal feed, which strongly associated with the food supply security.</p>

Download Full-text