Nitrous Acid and Diethyl Sulfate, as Chemical Mutagenic Agents, to Improve the Biomass, Metabolites, Enzyme Activity, and Antioxidant Activity of Wild <i>Phellinus igniarius</i>

Abstract The purpose of the present study was to investigate and compare the effects of two ruthenium complexes with trifluoperazine on acethylcholinesterase enzyme activity and lactate dehydrogenase levels in vivo under physiological conditions in rats blood. Complexes 1 and 2 showed positive effects on acethylcholinesterase at all doses and did not disturb its normal activity. Total LDH activity was inhibited in the presence of both complexes, but Ru(II) complexes showed different effects on the activity of LDH isoenzymes. The activities of LDH1 and LDH2 isoenzymes were decreased in all applied doses of the complex 2, while the activity of LDH2 reduced using complex 1 in the same doses. Results of the present study suggest the neuro- and cardio protective potential of oral administration of complexes 1 and 2, as non-toxic compounds under physiological conditions. These protective effects are the result of their potent antioxidant activity.

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Effect of potassium sources on the antioxidant activity of eggplant¹

Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo ◽

10.1590/s0100-06832014000600018 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 38 (6) ◽

pp. 1836-1842 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Douglas José Marques ◽

Fernando Broetto ◽

Mozart Martins Ferreira ◽

Allan Klynger da Silva Lobato ◽

Fabricio William de Ávila ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Physiology ◽

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Enzyme Activity ◽

Protein Content ◽

Solanum Melongena ◽

Soil Salinization ◽

Leaf Protein ◽

Plant Metabolism ◽

Potassium Sources ◽

Number Of Leaves

Potassium participates in the essential processes in plant physiology, however, the effects of K sources on plant metabolism have been little studied. Also, in certain cases, K sources and concentrations may cause undesirable effects, e.g., soil salinization. The objective was to evaluate the effect of K sources and levels on the enzyme activity of the antioxidant system and protein content in eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) leaves and to determine the most suitable K sources for these physiological characteristics. The experiment was conducted in randomized blocks, in a 2 × 4 factorial design, consisting of two K sources (KCl and K2SO4) and rates (250, 500, 750, and 1000 kg ha-1 K2O), with four replications. The following variables were evaluated: plant height, number of leaves per plant, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and leaf protein content. There was an increase in CAT activity with increasing K levels until 30 days after transplanting (DAT), when K2SO4 was applied and until 60 DAT, when KCl was used; after this period, the enzyme activity decreased under both sources. The activity of SOD increased in the presence of KCl, but was reduced with the application of K2SO4. For both K sources, increasing rates reduced the protein content and number of leaves per plant, and this reduction was greater under KCl application. Thus it was concluded that KCl tends more strongly to salinize the soil than K2SO4. Both for KCl and for K2SO4, the increasing rates adversely affected the activities of CAT and SOD and the levels of leaf protein in eggplant. The potential of KCl to reduce the enzyme activity of SOD and CAT, leaf protein content and plant growth of eggplant was stronger than that of K2SO4.

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Influence of diethyl sulfate (DES) mutagenesis on growth properties and pigment secondary metabolites of Phellinus igniarius

China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica ◽

10.4268/cjcmm20151206 ◽

2015 ◽

Keyword(s):

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Phellinus Igniarius ◽

Diethyl Sulfate ◽

Growth Properties

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Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and Anticholinesterase Activities of Plant Seed Extracts from Brazilian Semiarid Region

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2013/510736 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Davi Felipe Farias ◽

Terezinha Maria Souza ◽

Martônio Ponte Viana ◽

Bruno Marques Soares ◽

Arcelina Pacheco Cunha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Enzyme Activity ◽

Semiarid Region ◽

Plant Seed ◽

Salmonella Choleraesuis ◽

Hemolytic Assay ◽

Brazilian Semiarid ◽

Seed Extracts

The antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticholinesterase activities of ethanolic seed extracts of twenty-one plant species from Brazilian semiarid region were investigated. The extracts were tested for antimicrobial activity against six bacteria strains and three yeasts. Six extracts presented activity against the Gram (−) organismSalmonella choleraesuisand the Gram (+) organismsStaphylococcus aureusandBacillus subtilis. The MIC values ranged from 4.96 to 37.32 mg/mL. TheTriplaris gardnerianaextract presented activity against the three species, with MIC values 18.8, 13.76, and 11.15 mg/mL, respectively. Five extracts presented antioxidant activity, with EC50values ranging from 69.73 μg/mL (T. gardneriana) to 487.51 μg/mL (Licania rigida). For the anticholinesterase activity, eleven extracts were capable of inhibiting the enzyme activity. From those,T. gardneriana,Parkia platycephalaandConnarus detersuspresented the best activities, with inhibition values of 76.7, 71.5, and 91.9%, respectively. The extracts that presented antimicrobial activity were tested for hemolytic assay against human A, B, and O blood types and rabbit blood. From those, only theMyracrodruon urundeuvaextract presented activity (about 20% of hemolysis at the lowest tested concentration, 1.9 µg/mL). Infrared spectroscopy of six representative extracts attested the presence of tannins, polyphenols, and flavonoids, which was confirmed by a qualitative phytochemical assay.

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Antioxidant Pathways and Chemical Mechanism of Curcumin

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.236-238.2311 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 236-238 ◽

pp. 2311-2314 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Yuan Liang Guo ◽

Xiang Zhou Li ◽

Chun Tao Kuang

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Gene Expression ◽

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Enzyme Activity ◽

Free Radicals ◽

Curcuma Longa ◽

Chemical Mechanism ◽

Stress Regulation ◽

Antioxidant Mechanism ◽

Related Enzyme

Curcumin, a hydrophobic polyphenol derived from rhizome (turmeric) of the herbCurcuma longa, have been shown to exhibit antioxidant, anticarcinogenic anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and nephroprotective activities,et al. Among these, its potent antioxidant activity is worthwhile of special attention, because oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of cancer, neurodegenerative diseases,et al. This review focuses on the ways that curcumin exerts its antioxidant activity, including direct chemical reaction with free radicals, chelation with metals ions which results in oxidative stress, regulation of antioxidant-related enzyme activity and gene expression. Meanwhile the disputed chemical antioxidant mechanism is also discussed.

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Antioxidant and Ethylene-related Changes in `Chandler' Strawberry Fruit as Influenced by Maturity

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.39.4.807a ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 39 (4) ◽

pp. 807A-807

Author(s):

Floyd M. Woods* ◽

William A. Dozier ◽

Robert C. Ebel ◽

David G. Himelrick ◽

Cecilia Mosjidis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Enzyme Activity ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Thiobarbituric Acid ◽

Membrane Lipid ◽

Strawberry Fruit ◽

Signal Molecule ◽

Stage Of Development ◽

Fruit Pericarp

The relationship between fruit maturation and accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2), lipid peroxidation, ethylene (C2 H4) production, antioxidant activity (hydrophilic, lipophilic and total) and the antioxidant enzyme ascorbate peroxidase (APX, EC 1.11.1.11) in fruit pericarp tissue of `Chandler' (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) strawberry were measured. `Chandler' fruit pericarp maturation and ripening were accompanied by a decline in H2 O2 content early in fruit development followed by a rapid accumulation. An increase in membrane lipid peroxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, TBARS) coincided with accumulation of H2 O2, which preceded a rise in C2 H4 production. In general, antioxidant activity declined as fruit matured and ripened. APX enzyme activity increased by 2-fold and peaked at the pink stage of development and then gradually declined with ripening. H2 O2 may serve as a signal molecule to initiate the cascade of oxidative processes during maturation and ripening. APX enzyme activity during maturation and ripening was not substantial and thus, may not have a role in alleviating accumulation of H2 O2 and subsequent events related to oxidative senescence in fruit pericarp. To our knowledge, this is the first study to present fractionated antioxidant activities (HAA, LAA and TAA) from strawberry pericarp as assessed by the ABTS∼+ radical cation assay. A fundamental understanding of the mechanisms involved in the senescent related-oxidative changes during strawberry fruit ontogeny in relation to quality and nutrition is discussed.

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Improvement Effect of Ficus vasculosa Ethanol Extract on D-galactose-Induced Mice Aging

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x19896676 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (12) ◽

pp. 1934578X1989667

Author(s):

Jing-Jing Li ◽

Ling Mo ◽

Jia-Le Song

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Enzyme Activity ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Trienoic Acid ◽

Radical Scavenge Activity ◽

Hepatic Tissue ◽

Total Serum

This study was to investigate antioxidant activities of the ethanol extract from young edible leaves of Ficus vasculosa in vitro and in vivo . Ficus vasculosa ethanol extract (FVEE) showed significantly higher reducing power and α,α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenge activity than vitamin C ( P < 0.05). FVEE also showed an activity to resist the D-galactose-induced aging in mice assessed by serum and tissue levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). Total serum and tissue oxidative status, total antioxidantresponse, glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels have been also measured. Pretreatment with FVEE at 200 mg/kg·body weight significantly increased enzyme activity of SOD and CAT in serum and hepatic tissue ( P < 0.05), as well as significantly increased enzyme activity of SOD in kidney ( P < 0.05). Furthermore, high concentration of FVEE pretreatment significantly increased the level of GSH in serum, hepatic tissue and kidney ( P < 0.05), meanwhile significantly decreased MDA production in hepatic tissue and kidney ( P < 0.05). In addition, the phytochemical investigation discovered six previously described compounds from FVEE, naringenin (1), vanillic acid (2), 9, 16-dioxo-10, 12, 14-octadeca-trienoic acid (3), 2, 6-dimethoxy-1, 4-benzoquinone (4), apigenin (5) and norartocarpetin (6), and all compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time. Among the various compounds found, the rare highly unsaturated fatty acid 9, 16-dioxo-10, 12, 14-octadeca-trienoic acid (3) has been identified, which had been isolated only once before from F. vasculosa. Evaluation of the antioxidant activity of isolated compounds showed naringenin (1) to be the most active. According to our research, FVEE present very high antioxidant activity in vitro due to the presence of several compounds known for their antioxidant activity such as flavonoid and phenolic acid. In vivo, the ethanol extract had improvement effects against D-galactose-induced aging by reducing oxidative stress.

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Advanced Research on the Antioxidant Activity and Mechanism of Polyphenols from Hippophae Species—A Review

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules25040917 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (4) ◽

pp. 917 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Mingyue Ji ◽

Xue Gong ◽

Xue Li ◽

Congcong Wang ◽

Minhui Li

Keyword(s):

Reactive Oxygen Species ◽

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Enzyme Activity ◽

Reactive Nitrogen Species ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Polyphenolic Compounds ◽

Oxygen Species ◽

Nitrogen Species ◽

Polyphenolic Content ◽

Biological Organisms

Oxidation is a normal consequence of metabolism in biological organisms. The result is the formation of detrimental reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). A large number of studies have shown that polyphenolic compounds have good antioxidant properties. Hippophae species plants have high polyphenolic content and are widely used in food, medicinal, or the cosmetic field. The main polyphenols in Hippophae species are flavonoids, phenolic acids and tannins, which have multiple effects. However, there is a limited number of studies on polyphenols in Hippophae species plants. This review systematically summarizes the polyphenols compounds and antioxidant activity of Hippophae species plants, and it is noteworthy that the main mechanisms of the polyphenols of Hippophae with antioxidant activity have been summarized as follows: regulating enzyme activity, affect the antioxidant reaction of cells, and others. This review provides useful information for the further study and application of Hippophae species polyphenols and their antioxidant activity.

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