scholarly journals CONJUGACY OF SORGHUM GREEN MASS PRODUCTIVITY WITH ORIGIN AND QUANTITATIVE TRAITS

2019 ◽  
pp. 36-41
Author(s):  
N. A. Kovtunova ◽  
V. V. Kovtunov ◽  
A. E. Romanyukin ◽  
E. A. Shishova ◽  
G. M. Ermolina
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Research Center ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Scientific Institutions ◽  
Individual Traits ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Growing Conditions

Development of a new variety with the highest level of productivity is one of the important purposes of all farmers. It is known that varieties developed in definite soil and climatic conditions are most adapted specifically to these conditions. The change of the cultivation zone has a different effect on the intensity of individual traits, including productivity, which justifies their ecological study. Thus, productivity reflects all the biological characteristics of the samples and its relation to growing conditions. Therefore, the study of this trait in collection samples is an important stage in the development of new highly productive sorghum varieties and hybrids. The study was carried out at the FSBSI Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” (Zernograd, Rostov Region) in 2016–2018. The object of the study was a collection nursery, which includes the varieties and lines developed at the FSBSI Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”, and other scientific institutions, as well as the samples sent by the FRC ARIGRR named after N. I. Vavilov. The total number is 335 samples. The sweet sorghum collection has been represented by the samples of various ecological and geographical origin. However, 48.1% (161 samples) have been represented by the samples from Russia. Green mass productivity of the collection samples varied from 980 to 5968 g/m2 . At the same time, 24.5% (82 pcs.) of the collection samples had yields within the standard 3200-5200 g/m2 . The collection samples ‘BB-442’, ‘K-533’, ‘K-668/1’, ‘K-1073’, ‘K-1437/2’, ‘K-1202/1’, ‘K-1802’, ‘K-1654/1’ (2.4% of all) significantly exceeded the standard (4200 g/m2 ). The samples from Palestine, Bulgaria and Brazil possessed the highest values of green mass productivity in the middle group (median). The samples from the Russian Federation had a group average of 2000 g/m2 , with a range of variation from 600 to 4300 g/m2 . Length of a growing season (r = 0.46 ± 0.00004), leaf length (r = 0.48 ± 0.00001), leaf width (r = 0.62 ± 0.0002), and a number of leaves (r = 0.42 ± 0.00001) have shown the largest effect on green mass productivity.

scholarly journals The achievements in the sorghum varieties and hybrids' breeding in the ARC “Donskoy”

2020 ◽  
pp. 44-48
Author(s):  
A. V. Alabushev
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Research Center ◽  
Cereal Aphids ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Lodging Resistance ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Green Fodder

Sorghum is one of the most important crops in all arid tropical and subtropical regions of Africa, Asia, and Central America. In the Russian Federation, the sowing area of sorghum varied from 8.7 to 228.6 thousand ha throughout about 20 years (1999–2018). The main share (93–98%) of the sowing area of sorghum in Russia is located in the Pre-Volga region and the Southern Federal District. The Rostov Region as a part of the Southern Federal District accounts for up to 46–69% of sorghum crops (Kovtunov, 2018). The most effective way to increase productivity and product quality is to create new varieties adapted to the soil and climatic conditions of cultivation and introduce them into agricultural production. The FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” developed the white-kernelled sorghum varieties “Velikan”, “Zernogradskoye 88” and “Ataman” with 5.41–5.85 t/ha of productivity not only for fodder, but also for food (starch, alcohol). The sweet sorghum varieties “Listvenit”, “Yuzhnoye” and “Feniks” with green mass productivity of 38–46 t/ha are intended for use on green fodder and silage and are characterized by intensive initial growth, lodging resistance, drought resistance, resistance to dust smut, bacteriosis and to cereal aphids. The Sudan grass varieties “Anastasiya”, “Alisa” and “Gratsiaya” developed in the Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” are characterized by the intensive initial growth and regrowth. They are middle-ripening, drought tolerant, highly productive with 41–44 t/ha of green mass and 8.3–8.6 t/ha of dry matter. There have been developed and are being tested the promising sorghum-Sudan hybrids with 62–77 t/ha of green mass and 11.4–16.6 t/ha of dry matter obtained in mowing the aftermath.

scholarly journals Performance Of Bilati Dhonia (Eryngium Foetidum L.) Under The Canopy Of Different Tree Species

1970 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-262
Author(s):  
M Moniruzzaman ◽  
AKM Qamruzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Direct Sunlight ◽  
Hill District ◽  
Eryngium Foetidum ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Sun Light ◽  
Growth Characters

Performance of ‘Bilati Dhonia’ (Eryngium foetidum L.) grown under the shades of different tree species, namely guava, jackfruit, mango, jujube, and farmers’ practice (grown under artificial shade) was evaluated at the Agricultural Research Station, Raikhali, Rangainati Hill District during two consecutive years of 2004-05 and 2005-06. The results revealed that plant height, leaf length, number of leaves per plant and fresh weight per plant were significantly higher under the canopies of various trees and farmers’ practice than those grown under direct sun light. Different growth characters were better under the shades of jackfruit and guava trees than those of other species. Periods to first and 50% flowering under tree species were longer than that under direct sunlight. The highest fresh yield (mean of two years) of ‘Bilati Dhonia’ was found in the farmers’ practice (27.58 t/ha), which was similar to those under guava (27.31 t/ha) and jackfruit trees (27.51 t/ha). Keywords: Bilati Dhonia (Eryngium foetidum L.); tree shades; hilly area. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v36i2.9252 BJAR 2011; 36(2): 255-262

scholarly journals Features of vitality structure of planting of Ginkgo biloba L. plants in the Ukrainian North-East

2019 ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
I.M. Kovalenko ◽  
H.O. Klymenko ◽  
R.A. Yaroschuk ◽  
Yahui Su
Keyword(s):  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
North East ◽  
High Viability ◽  
Plant Experiment ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Growing Conditions

Today, there are about 12,000 plants in the world that have healing properties and are used in both traditional and folk medicine. One of these plants is Ginkgo biloba L. In recent years, interest in its cultivation has increased in Ukraine, and improving the technology of growing this plant in the Ukrainian North-East is a relevant problem. Studies of G. biloba plants growing in the experimental area of Sumy NAU were conducted. On the basis of morphometric analysis, a number of morphoparameters were measured (plant height, annual growth of shoots, number of leaves, leaf size and leaf area, phytomass of the shoots, phytomass of leaves and phytomass of the stem, diameter of the shoots). The vital analysis, as well as the variance, correlation and regression analyses were carried out. G. biloba seedlings up to 3–4 years of life with different growing technology have a height of 25–30 cm and form 13–17 leaves per plant. The totality of morphometric characteristics in all variants of the G. biloba plant experiment corresponded to an equilibrium population of equilibrium type, in which in close proportions individuals of all three vitality types are present: a, b, and c. But at the same time a higher proportion (40 %) of individuals of class "a" was in the variant with the cultivation of G. biloba in greenhouse. The smallest part of individuals of high viability (only 20 %) was formed by cultivation of G. biloba in open soil without protection of the agro-grid. The ecological-coenotic stability of G. biloba has been noted many times, a certain limitation of G. biloba cultivation may be that this plant is light loving and thermophilic, but the climatic conditions of the Ukrainian North-East are favorable for it. Complex studies have shown the prospects and feasibility of growing G. biloba in the conditions of t the Ukrainian North-East as medicinal raw materials. Despite the stressful growing conditions for G. biloba, this species is characterized by high stability and adaptability, which is confirmed by our comparative morphometric and vital analysis of plants. Given that the age of the seedlings is negligible, further studies to determine the adaptability of G. biloba plants to growing conditions are not only desirable but also necessary.

scholarly journals Stress-resilient maize for climate-vulnerable ecologies in the Asian tropics

2020 ◽  
pp. 1264-1274
Author(s):  
P.H. Zaidi ◽  
Thanh Nguyen ◽  
Dang N. Ha ◽  
Suriphat Thaitad ◽  
Salahuddin Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Specific Situation ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Maize Germplasm ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Variable Weather

Most parts of the Asian tropics are hotspots of climate change effects and associated weather variabilities. One of the major challenges with climate change is the uncertainty and inter-annual variability in weather conditions as crops are frequently exposed to different weather extremes within the same season. Therefore, agricultural research must strive to develop new crop varieties with inbuilt resilience towards variable weather conditions rather than merely tolerance to individual stresses in a specific situation and/or at a specific crop stage. C4 crops are known for their wider adaptation to range of climatic conditions. However, recent climatic trends and associated variabilities seem to be challenging the threshold limit of wider adaptability of even C4 crops like maize. In collaboration with national programs and private sector partners in the region, CIMMYT-Asia maize program initiated research for development (R4D) projects largely focusing on saving achievable yields across range of variable environments by incorporating reasonable levels of tolerance/resistance to major abiotic and biotic stresses without compromising on grain yields under optimal growing conditions. By integrating novel breeding tools like - genomics, double haploid (DH) technology, precision phenotyping and reducing genotype × environment interaction effects, a new generation of maize germplasm with multiple stress tolerance that can grow well across variable weather conditions were developed. The new maize germplasm were targeted for stress-prone environments where maize is invariability exposed to a range of sub-optimal growing conditions, such as drought, heat, waterlogging and various virulent diseases. The overarching goal of the stress-resilient maize program has been to achieve yield potential with a downside risk reduction.

Growth and yield response of Broccoli to vermicompost and farmyard manure

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 2107-2113
Author(s):  
H. E. Rabbee ◽  
N. J. Methela ◽  
B. Hossain ◽  
M. R. I. Suhel
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Treated Plant ◽  
Number Of Leaves

The present experiment was carried out at Agricultural Research field, Noakahali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh during the period from September 2018 to February 2019 to find out the effects of Vermicompost and Farmyard manure growth and yield of Broccoli. The single factor experiment was carried out by Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Three treatments viz., T0= Control, T1= Vermicompost and T2= Farm Yard Manure as well as Centeuro variety were used. Data were recorded from different stages of plant growth on plant height at different days after transplanting, number of leaves/plant, leaf length, leaf diameter, plant spread, 50% curd initiation days, 50% curd maturation days, curd diameter, Marketable curd weight, Net curd weight and Yield/plot. All the recorded parameters were statistically significant among the treatments. The tallest plant (43.67cm) can be recorded from T1 (vermicompost) whereas lower plant height (38.10cm) was notified from control (T0). The maximum number of leaves (16.03) recorded from vermicompost treated plant where minimum from control (T0; 13.28). Highest leaf length (40.67cm), leaf diameter (16.22cm), plant spread (47.91cmü), early curd initiation (73.22 days), early curd maturation (89.72 days), curd diameter (16.16cm), marketable curd weight (452.67g), net curd weight (361.43g) and yield/plot (3.94kg) was found from vermicompost treated plant is compared with Farmyard manure whereas lowest data recorded from control. Observing the results it can be stated that using of vermicompost treated plants gave better growth and yield contributing characters of Broccoli in contemporary with other treatments.

scholarly journals The study of the productivity dynamics and quality of forage made from different varieties of alfalfa and sainfoin

2018 ◽  
pp. 10-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Ignatiev ◽  
T. V. Gryazeva ◽  
N. G. Ignatieva ◽  
A. A. Regidin
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Standard Variety ◽  
Plant Resources ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Digestible Protein ◽  
Alfalfa Varieties ◽  
Productivity Potential

Alfalfa and sainfoin have always been the main perennial fodder legumes in the south of Russia. Because of their economic and biological properties, crop and fodder production have always relied on their cultivation and will rely on it in the future. Insufficient cultivated areas of these legumes make it impossible to provide livestock with balanced feed, to use climatic, soil and plant resources rationally. The study of the varietal composition of alfalfa and sainfoin developed in the FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” showed that the productivity potential of these varieties makes it possible to obtain a fairly high yields of forage under various weather-climatic conditions. For 6 years the average yield of green mass of the standard variety “Rostovskaya 90” was 27.0 t/ha in the first cutting and 18.1 t/ha in the second cutting, and in the total for two cuttings it is 45.1 t/ha. In the first cutting for 5 years out of 6, the green mass pro­ductivity of the alfalfa varieties “Lyutsiya” and “Selyanka” significantly exceeded the standard variety. On average for two cuttings, green mass productivity of the varieties “Lyutsiya” (47.8 t/ha) and “Selyanka” (48.9 t/ha) was higher than that of the standard variety. The yield of absolutely dry matter of the standard variety “Rostovskaya 90” varied from 6.7 t/ha to 7.7 t/ha in the first cutting and from 4.3 t/ha to 5.2 t/ha in the second cutting. The yield of absolutely dry matter of the alfalfa varieties “Lyutsiya” and “Selyanka” reliably exceeded the standard variety in the first cutting, but in the second cutting their yield was equal to the yield of the standard variety. According to the green mass yield of one cutting, the studied varieties of sainfoin were as good as the alfalfa productivity in the first cutting. The green mass pro­ductivity of the standard variety “Zernogradsky 2” ranged from 24.4 to 31.1 t/ha, the green mass productivity of the sainfoin variety “Veles” ranged from 26.8 t/ha to 39.4 t/ha, and the green mass productivity of the variety “Sudar” ranged from 28.8 t/ha to 33.3 t/ha. The dry matter productivity of the sainfoin varieties developed in a similar way. The minimum dry matter productivity of the standard variety “Zernogradsky 2” was 6.1 t/ha, the maximum was 7.8 t/ha. The minimum dry matter productivity of the variety “Veles” was 6.7 t/ha and the maximum was 9.8 t/ha. The minimum dry matter productivity of the variety “Sudar” was 7.2 t/ha and the maximum was 8.8 t/ha. In total for 2 cuttings, the alfalfa varieties produced 7.45–8.12 thousand of fodder units, 2.29–2.57 t/ha of raw protein and 1.59–1.78 t/ha of digestible protein. The varieties “Lyutsiya” and “Selyanka” showed a higher yield of nutrients, compared with the standard variety. The nutrient productivity of the studied sainfoin varieties slightly yielded to the alfalfa varieties in the first cutting. On average they produced 3.89–4.55 thousand of fodder units per hectare, 1.34–1.55 t/ha of raw protein and 0.93–1.11 t/ha of digestible protein. In comparison with the standard variety “Zernogradsky 2”, the sainfoin varieties “Veles” and “Sudar” had a greater productivity of nutrients.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Different Cultivars of Tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa L.) under Humid agro Climatic conditions of Goa

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-114
Author(s):  
Safeena S A ◽  
Thangam M ◽  
Singh N P
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Vase Life ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Commercial Cultivation ◽  
Flowering Behaviour ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Stalk Length

Tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa L.) is one of the most important tropical bulbous-ornamental cultivated for production of long-lasting flowers spikes. Adaptation and acclimatization of different cultivars under humid agro-climatic conditions of Goa are to be confirmed for their better performance. The present investigation was conducted to evaluate the performance of tuberose cultivars under agro-climatic conditions of Goa during 2014- 2017. Five single and six double cultivars of tuberose were evaluated during the study period. All the cultivars differed in their growth and flowering behaviour. Among the single cultivars, evaluated, maximum number of florets per spike (47.00) was observed in Pune local whereas spike-length (75.59 cm) was maximum in Mexican Single. Among the double cultivars, evaluated, maximum plant height (52.21 cm) and maximum number of leaves per plant (59.63) were recorded with cultivar Arka Suvasini. Leaf length was significantly higher (52.93 cm) in Pearl double whereas leaf width (2.04 cm) was maximum in Calcutta Double. Days to appearance of flower spike were earlier in Arka Suvasini. Minimum days taken for opening of basal floret (84.88 days) were recorded with cultivar Arka Suvasini. Spike girth (0.68 cm), Spike fresh-weight (69.06 cm), floret stalk-length (3.6 cm), floret diameter (5.24 cm), weight of individual floret (3.49 g) and vase life (7.93 days) was significantly maximum in Cv. Arka Suvasini followed by Pearl Double. Based on the performance evaluation cv. Mexican Single among single types and cv. Arka Suvasini and Pearl Double among double types could be recommended for commercial cultivation under agro climatic conditions of Goa.

scholarly journals THE STUDY RESULTS OF MORPHO-BIOLOGICAL TRAITS OF NORTH AMERICAN ALFALFA SAMPLES

2019 ◽  
pp. 42-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Ignatiev ◽  
А. А. Regidin ◽  
T. V. Grayzeva ◽  
K. N. Goryunov
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Double Sequence ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Biological Traits ◽  
Standard Variety ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Beginning Of Flowering

Alfalfa is the most valuable forage crop spread all over the world. Due to the varietal diversity of alfalfa in the countries of North America, the laboratory of breeding and seed-growing of perennial grasses of the FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” conducted the experiments over 27 samples of American and Canadian breeding to find genetic sources of economic and biological traits. The field trials were conducted according to generally accepted methods for forage crops in 2016–2018. The area of experimental plots was 1 m2 with double sequence. The period “beginning of spring germination” and “beginning of flowering” were studied depending on the climatic conditions of the year. In 2016 and 2017 spring germination took place in March, and in 2018 it was in the 1-st decade of April. Beginning of flowering in the studied samples ranged from the 3-d decade of May to the 1-st decade of June. On average, over 3 years, the number of days in the period “beginning of spring germination – beginning of flowering” varied from 68 to 73 days. This period of the standard variety was 72 days. The studied samples had this period on 1–4 days shorter, excluding the samples “K-33299” and “K-42249” (73 days). According to the yield of green mass, none of the samples reliably exceeded the standard variety “Rostovskaya 90” (3.29 kg/m2). The studied alfalfa samples formed 1.57–3.5 kg/m2 of green mass. According to the plant foliage amount, the indicators of the studied samples varied from 42 to 49%. The samples “K-33299” and “K-43272” with 49% of foliage amount slightly exceeded the standard variety “Rostovskaya 90” (48%). The hay yield of the studied samples varied from 31 to 40%, “K-43272” formed the smallest indicator (31%), “K-42249” and “K-45715” (40%) produced the largest amount and when the hay productivity of the standard variety was 35%. There have been identified reliable correlations between the yield of green mass and hay, as well as between the yield of green mass and the number of days during the period “beginning of spring germination – beginning of flowering”.

AGROBIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF A NEW VARIETY OF SPRING BARLEY

1970 ◽  
pp. 56-58
Author(s):  
O. B. Batakova ◽  
V. А. Korelina ◽  
I. V. Zobnina
Keyword(s):  
Spring Barley ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Federal State ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
The Stability

The selection work has been carried out on the base of the Primorskiy branch of the Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences (FCIARctic) in 2005-2016, in a selection seven-field crop rotation. Various weather conditions contributed to a complete and comprehensive assessment of the selected sample. Data on agrometeorological research were provided by the Federal State Budgetary Institution “Northern UGMS” of the Hydrometсenter at the post of Kurtsevo. Assessment of breeding material was carried out by the main breeding valuable traits, taking into account the length of the growing season, resistance to lodging and grain yield according to the methodology of the State Commission for the Testing of Crops (1985).  Statistical processing of the experiment results were carried out using the genetic and selection software package AGROS version 2.07. A new variety of spring fodder barley “Kotlas” with increased adaptability for variable growing conditions was developed, it intended for cultivation in extreme climatic conditions of the Far North as an early ripening, productive, adaptive to unfavorable environmental factors to obtain concentrated feed for livestock and poultry. The variety is immune to net blotch of the Arkhangelsk population. The stability index (L) of the variety is 53. The new variety usage will increase the yield of spring barley, increase the economic efficiency of using the variety to 15%, the economic effect of introducing the variety per unit volume of production is 7.85 thousand rubles.

scholarly journals The new early maturing spring barley variety ‘Fedos’

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
E. G. Filippov ◽  
A. A. Dontsova ◽  
D. P. Dontsov ◽  
R. N. Bragin
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Barley Variety ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Early Maturing

In recent years, the spring-summer period of the Rostov region is characterized with a lack of moisture supply in the initial period of plant growing and formation of generative organs, as well as in the filling period of spring barley grain. The highest productivity under these conditions, according to the study of previous years, has been formed by the middle-early and early-maturing varieties. The breeding work for the development of early-maturing spring barley varieties has been going on for many decades in the FSBSI Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”. The purpose of the current study was to develop a new highly productive early-maturing spring barley variety, adapted to the arid soil and climatic conditions of the south of Russia. The current paper has presented characteristics of the new early-maturing spring barley variety ‘Fedos’, adapted to the soil and climatic conditions of the arid Russian regions and resistant to negative environmental stress factors. The new variety was characterized by high yields (+0.4 t/ha to the standard one), large kernel (1000 kernel weight was more than 47 g), fairly high protein percentage in grain (+1.3% to the standard one). In comparison with the standard variety, the new variety has formed higher yields due to the increased number of productive stems per 1 m2 (on 12 pcs. more) and kernel weight per head (+0.2 g). In addition, the variety ‘Fedos’ produced large, well-filled kernel even in severely arid years (+5.6 g to the standard one). The new variety is more resistant to major leaf diseases than the standard one.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document