scholarly journals The estimation of the insect fungicidal disinfectant ‘Selest Top’ effect on rice plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-81
Author(s):  
Т. А. Cherepanova ◽  
S. V. Bezmutko ◽  
V. N. Lelyavskaya
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Biological Efficiency ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Rice Plants ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Rice Seeds ◽  
Sowing Seed ◽  
Plant Root System

The current paper has presented the study results (2016–2017) of the products ‘Selest Top’, ‘KS’ (the active ingredients are thiomethoxam (262.5 g/l), difenoconazole (25 g/l) and fludioxonil (25 g/l)) for pre-sowing treatment of rice seeds. The purpose of the work was to estimate the effect of the disinfectant ‘Selest Top’ on the sprouting energy, germination, the processes of initial growth and development of rice plants, to find out the biological efficiency of the product against root rot. There has been carried out a number of laboratory trials to study the effect of the product on sprouting, germination energy of seeds. When conducting a vegetation trial, there was estimated efficiency of the disinfectant against root rot. The test results were compared with the effect of the product ‘Vintsit’ (25 g/l of thiabendazole and 25 g/l of flutriafol). The disinfectant ‘Selest Top’ was used at a rate of 1.0 l/t, 1.5 l/t and 2.0 l/t. It was established that the studied products had no negative effect on sprouting energy and germination of rice seeds. The disinfectant had a positive effect on the length of the rice sprouts and also has a stimulating effect on the plant root system. It was identified that the length of roots increased on 2.2–3.0 cm (7 days) and 1.0–3.8 cm (14 days). There was established that the product had a high biological efficiency against root rot at all stages of rice development. The maximum indicators were obtained at a rate of 1.5 l/t with 57.3% (complete sprouts), 57.2% (panicle formation) and 37.2% (milky-wax ripeness). Under the agroclimatic conditions of Primorsky Krai, the pre-sowing seed treatment with the product ‘Selest Top’ is justified due to the high biological efficiency and increased plant resistance to root rot pathogens.

scholarly journals Fungicidal protectants Delete Pro and Redigo Pro against fungal phytopathogens of soybeans

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-48
Author(s):  
S. V. Bezmutko ◽  
T. A. Cherepanova
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Active Agent ◽  
Active Growth ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Biological Effectiveness ◽  
Fungal Phytopathogens ◽  
Productivity Indicators ◽  
Sowing Seed

The results of research into effectiveness of fungicidal protectants against root rot and leaf-stem diseases of soybeans are presented. The study was carried out in the Primorsky Territory in 2019, 2020 in the conditions of plot experiment. Delete Pro (active agent pyraclostrobin, 200 g/l) was used at a consumption rate of 1.0 l/t, Redigo Pro (active agent prothioconazole, 150 g/l + tebuconazole, 20 g/l) – 0.9 l/t. The preparations were used for seed treatment in a semi-dry way before sowing. It was revealed that Delete Pro and Redigo Pro do not have a negative effect on the crop and have a positive effect on the germination of soybean seeds. A high fungicidal activity of the protectants used in the experiment was noted in relation to root rot affecting the crop. The chemicals helped to reduce the intensity of infections during the flowering phase by 17.0% (Delete Pro) and 24.9% (Redigo Pro). The protective effect of pre-sowing seed treatment with protectants was also revealed in reducing leaf-stem diseases. It was found that the chemicals have high biological effectiveness against septoria (16.7–25.2%), cercosporosis (0–44.6%) and peronosporosis (29.5–87.5%). The use of Delete Pro and Redigo Pro contributed to active growth of plants and an increase in the main productivity indicators: seed weight by 0.1–0.6 g, seed number by 1.4–2.8 pcs from one plant, as well as thousand-seed-weight by 8.5–9.3 g. Significant increase in grain yield of 0.19 t/ha (2019) and 0.20 t/ha (2020) was obtained in the variant with Redigo Pro. The protectants used contributed to the increase in the profitability level by 222 and 564%, respectively.

scholarly journals The testing of model plant Raphanus sativus germination and phytomass production on oil-composts

2019 ◽  
pp. 579-588
Author(s):  
Merrit Noormets ◽  
Karin Kauer ◽  
Tiina Köster ◽  
Mait Kriipsalu ◽  
Aive Jänes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Raphanus Sativus ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Production Experiment ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Plant Root System ◽  
Germination And Growth

In industrialized society, large amounts of oily sediments from contaminated sites as well asoily sludge from industrial processes need to be treated in sustainable way. Nowadaysbiological treatment is becoming more important. The purpose of biotreatment is to decreasethe concentration of organic pollutants (e.g. oil) in soil or compost by mineralizing hazardouschemicals into harmless compounds such as carbon dioxide or some other gas or inorganicsubstance, water, and cell material. Whereas hydrocarbons are generally well degradable,some organic compounds (e.g. PAH) are less degradable; and some (heavy metals) can not bedegraded. However, resistant compounds can be transformed through sorption, methylation,and complexation, and change in valence state, which affect mobility and bioavailability. Theuse of oil-compost depends on legislative limits, and response of vegetation. Oil-content mayhave a negative effect on plant root system even in low concentrations. Heavy metals mayinhibit the growth, but in the other hand, the plants are also known in uptaking heavy metalsand other contaminants, known as phytoremediation. This may create a situation, wherevegetation cover acts as additional treatment system for matured oil-composts. The objectiveof this study was to examine the effect of hydrocarbon residues in different substances(compost and soil mixtures) on soil model plants (Raphanus sativus) germination andphytomass production. The germination study demonstrated that the plants germination andbiomass production was highly dependent on compost decomposition degree, nutrient contentand biological properties of soil. On less matured compost, the germination and growth wassuppressed. The phytomass production experiment showed that plants in oil compost haddecreased height, taproot mass and above ground phytomass. The application of complexmineral fertilizers increased the volume of abovementioned parameters.

A 3D-printed, Arabidopsis Thaliana Root Imaging Platform

Lab on a Chip ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Moussus ◽  
Matthias Meier
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Root System ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Microfluidic Platforms ◽  
External Cues ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Plant Root System ◽  
Analytical Tools

High resolution live imaging promises new insights into the cellular and molecular dynamics of the plant root system in response to external cues. Microfluidic platforms are valuable analytical tools that...

scholarly journals PHYSIOLOGICAL STATE AND PRODUCTIVITY OF ANIMALS UNDER THERMAL STRESS

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
E.A. Azhmuldinov ◽  
◽  
Yu.N. Chernyshenko ◽  
M.G. Titov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Total Plasma ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Total Plasma Protein ◽  
Negative Effect

A study was conducted of the effect of heat stress on the clinical and physiological state of male rabbits at the age of 5 months with an average live weight of 1551 g. The maximum temperature the animals were exposed to during the experiment was +42 °C. The study results showed a decrease in feed intake and an increase in water consumption, which contributed to a decrease in live weight. Hematological parameters, including hemoglobin, erythrocytes, leukocytes, total plasma protein, globulins and cholesterol increased during the action of this stress factor. It was found that the effect of high ambient temperatures on rabbits negatively affected their physiological functions; the negative effect was reflected by the morphological and biochemical blood parameters.

scholarly journals An easily operated apparatus to register the amount of the aqueous solution absorbed by a plant root system

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerzy Czerski
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Root System ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Plant Root System

An easily operated apparatus was constructed (figs. 1,2) allowing to register the amount of the aqueous solution absorbed by a planet root system. The device allows for simultaneous registering of the solution absorption by two plants. The recording of a definite volume of the absorbed solution can be controlled within wide limits. Experiments (figs. 3,4) confirmed the efficiency of the apparatus.

PECULIARITIES OF THE RADIATION PATTERN OF THE BRAIN AND INTERNAL ORGANS OF NEWBORNS WHO UNDERWENT SEVERE PERINATAL ASPHYXIA AND UNDERWENT GENERAL THERAPEUTIC HYPOTHERMIA, ACCORDING TO THE PILOT STUDY RESULTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-35
Author(s):  
N.S. Vorotyntseva ◽  
◽  
V.V. Orlova ◽  
A.N. Motina ◽  
A.D. Novikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Hypothermia ◽  
Perinatal Asphyxia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Abdominal Organs ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
The Brain

Objective of the research: to study the features of the radiological picture of the brain and internal organs of newborns with severe perinatal asphyxia, who underwent general therapeutic hypothermia (GTH). Materials and methods: the study included 116 newborns with severe perinatal asphyxia. GTH was performed in 72 patients (group 1), 44 children did not receive hypothermia in the 2 (control) group. In the first 6 hours of life, children of groups 1 and 2 underwent ultrasound of the brain and abdominal organs and chest x-ray. The complex ultrasound scan was repeated at 3–5, 7–10, 14–16 and 21–28 days. Repeated chest x-ray was carried out strictly according to the indications. Results: GTH reduced the incidence of organic brain lesions by 18% in children with severe perinatal asphyxia (p0,05). The study revealed a number of undesirable consequences associated with GTH. Transient effusion into the abdominal and thoracic cavities was diagnosed by ultrasound in 8 (11%) patients after hypothermia, while there were no such changes in children in the control group (p<0,05). X-ray of the chest in newborns who received GTH during the first 14 days revealed edematous-hemorrhagic changes in the lungs more often than in patients of the control group – 55 (76%) and 24 (55%), respectively (p<0,05). Conclusions: GTH effectively prevented the development of severe post-hypoxic changes in the brain. The negative effect of hypothermia on microcirculation was manifested by the development of effusion into the serous cavities and edematous-hemorrhagic syndrome.

scholarly journals A single ectomycorrhizal plant root system includes a diverse and spatially structured fungal community

Mycorrhiza ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ella Thoen ◽  
Anders B. Aas ◽  
Unni Vik ◽  
Anne K. Brysting ◽  
Inger Skrede ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Plant Root System

scholarly journals Combination of biocontrol bacteria for rice seeds microbiolization: incidence and transmission of Bipolaris oryzae, and plant growth

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 378-387
Author(s):  
Andréa Bittencourt Moura ◽  
Aline Garske Santos ◽  
Cândida Renata Jacobsen de Farias ◽  
Juliane Ludwig ◽  
Bianca Obes Corrêa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Pathogen Transmission ◽  
Initial Increase ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Bipolaris Oryzae ◽  
Biocontrol Bacteria ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Length Increase ◽  
Rice Seeds

Abstract: Several fungi species are associated with rice seeds, mainly Bipolaris oryzae, since it can kill seedlings and reduce production. Thus, the objective of this research was to study the potential of pre-selected combinations of rhizobacteria [DFs-C4 (DFs185/DFs416/DFs418) and DFs-C5 (DFs306/DFs416/DFs418)], when compared to their use individually (DFs185, DFs306, DFs416, DFs418), besides DFs223, evaluating the effect on the incidence and transmission of B. oryzae, incidence of phytopathogenic fungi and in the initial growth after rice seeds microbiolization. Seeds of cultivars BRS Pelota and BRS Querência (four lots each) were immersed in suspension of these bacteria or in saline solution (control) under agitation (for 30 minutes at 10 ºC). The fungi incidence was evaluated on blotter test. The pathogen transmission was assayed in sterilized vermiculite and humid chamber at 25 ± 2 ºC. After 15 days, the severity of the symptoms and the plant growth were evaluated. For both cultivars, the best treatments were DFs185 and DFs306, reducing the fungi incidence, including B. oryzae, as well as its transmission to seedlings, resulting in seedling length increase. The combination of biocontrol bacteria, individually efficient, did not result in a lower fungi incidence, or a reduction in the transmission of B. oryzae to the seedlings or an initial increase in seedling growth. Therefore, these rhizobacteria are more efficient when used individually.

scholarly journals Effects of Food Processing on In Vivo Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Properties of Green Tea Extracts

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Yu Xu ◽  
Jie Zheng ◽  
Jin-Ming Meng ◽  
Ren-You Gan ◽  
Qian-Qian Mao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Green Tea ◽  
Food Processing ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Ultrasound Treatment ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
In Vivo Experiments ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Negative Effect

Food processing can affect the nutrition and safety of foods. A previous study showed that tannase and ultrasound treatment could significantly increase the antioxidant activities of green tea extracts according to in vitro evaluation methods. Since the results from in vitro and in vivo experiments may be inconsistent, the in vivo antioxidant activities of the extracts were studied using a mouse model of alcohol-induced acute liver injury in this study. Results showed that all the extracts decreased the levels of aspartate transaminase and alanine aminotransferase in serum, reduced the levels of malondialdehyde and triacylglycerol in the liver, and increased the levels of catalase and glutathione in the liver, which can alleviate hepatic oxidative injury. In addition, the differences between treated and original extracts were not significant in vivo. In some cases, the food processing can have a negative effect on in vivo antioxidant activities. That is, although tannase and ultrasound treatment can significantly increase the antioxidant activities of green tea extracts in vitro, it cannot improve the in vivo antioxidant activities, which indicates that some food processing might not always have positive effects on products for human benefits.

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