scholarly journals Factors of use of labor and production potential of farmers and personal houses of population and management of its development

2019 ◽  
pp. 07-13
Author(s):  
Nikolay Іgnatenko
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Production Management ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Private Households ◽  
Economic Methods ◽  
The Future ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Food Needs ◽  
Labor Resources

The subject of the research is the processes of formation and use of labor and production potential of farm and private households of the population, management of its improvement and development. The purpose of the work is to identify the factors of formation and level and use of labor and production potential of farmers and private households of the population, as well as the justification on this basis of directions for its improvement and development management for the future. Methodological basis of the article became as general scientific, and special methods of scientific knowledge. In the aggregate of the first – it is abstract-logical, dialectical, monographic, system-structural analysis and synthesis. Among the special methods were used statistical and economic methods (absolute and relative values, grouping, comparison), economic-mathematical (index), survey, modeling. Results of work. The priority value of labor and production potential in the development of farmers' and private households is substantiated. The state of their provision by material and technical means is determined. The level of use of labor resources is revealed. The factors of formation of components of resource potential of farms and private farms are substantiated. The problems and tendencies of development of labor and production potential at the level of the mentioned small forms of agrarian management and management are determined. Directions and sources of its improvement for the future are developed. The field of application of results. Theoretical conclusions and research results can be applied at the teaching of economic disciplines at universities in the training of specialists in the organization of production, management, economics and management. It is advisable to use practical proposals in improving the material and technical and labor supply of farm and private households, in the organization and development of rural areas. Conclusions. In a modern village, residents work in farmers' and private farms to meet the food needs of their own family and additional cash incomes. To improve their productivity, we consider it necessary to improve the production and labor potential. Support and development of social and industrial infrastructure, alternative types of employment, and rural areas as a whole are also of great importance. This is facilitated by the activities of rural communities, other measures of administrative and territorial reform in the countryside.

Rural Communities and Well-Being: A Good Place to Grow Up?

2003 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Glendinning ◽  
Mark Nuttall ◽  
Leo Hendry ◽  
Marion Kloep ◽  
Sheila Wood
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Young People ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Community Life ◽  
Social Lives ◽  
The Future

This study looks at young people's accounts of life in communities in rural northern Scotland, and considers in what ways affective and social aspects of community are bound up with well-being, over and above young people's concerns for the future, rural youth transitions, and out-migration. Interviews were held with 15–18 year-olds in four study areas (16 groups, N = 60+) and a parallel survey of 11–16 year-olds was conducted in eight study areas (N = 2400+). Themes to emerge from the interviews included: opportunities locally, the future and staying on, as well as local amenities and services; but older teenagers also spoke at length about their social lives, family and social networks, and their community, both as close-knit and caring and as intrusive and controlling. Rural communities were seen as good places in childhood, but not necessarily for young people. In parallel with that, the survey data paints a picture where feelings of support, control, autonomy, and attachment were all associated with emotional well-being. Importantly, links between emotional well-being and practical, material concerns were outweighed by positive identifications of community as close-knit and caring; and equally, by negative identifications as intrusive and constraining, where the latter was felt more strongly by young women. Certainly, beliefs about future employment and educational opportunities were also linked to well-being, but that was over and above, and independently of, affective and social aspects of community life. Additionally, migration intentions were also bound up with sense of self and well-being, and with feelings about community life; and links between thoughts about leaving and community life as controlling and constraining were, yet again, felt more strongly by young women. Thus, gender was a key dimension affecting young people's feelings about their communities with significant implications for well-being, and out-migration. The study illustrates the importance of understanding the experiences young people have of growing up in rural areas, and how they evaluate those experiences: particularly, how life in rural communities matters for young people's well-being; and especially, for young women.

scholarly journals Identity in the conditions of the united communities

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-15
Author(s):  
Liana Zelenkevich
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Identity Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Interpersonal Relations ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Future ◽  
Model Of Management ◽  
Decentralization Reform ◽  
New Community

Based on the theoretical basis and empirical data, the article discusses from the sociological point of view the problem of identity development within the framework of the reform of local government, namely within the process of creating the united territorial communities.Understanding identity as a person’s property to feel belonging to a group, the author focuses on the issues of its change in rural communities that have joined the process of reforming local self-government.Based on the analysis of information on the first elections in the united communities of Zaporizhzhia and Lviv regions, a general social portrait of the current head of the united territorial community was developed.The author analyzes the recent results of community association and expressed the opinion that the structural process of construction of territorial units is characterized in general by the same regional trends, caused by more or less equivalent community consciousness of the entire rural population of the country.At the same time, there are differences in the results of the restructuring of power in different parts of the country, namely the spread of tendencies of ignorance and the opposition to decentralization in the West and the success of the restructuring of local authorities in the East of Ukraine.This is due, according to the author, to a greater degree of traditionalist identity in the western regions and an increase in the modern identity component in the eastern regions.Attention is drawn to the fact that decentralization, which is accompanied by the transformation of the boundaries of the rural community, raises problems of identity change.There is a problem of forming the perception of the new community of the united community as an ident for the rural man.It is revealed that decentralization in Ukraine, in particular the creation of united territorial communities, will have as a result of the destruction of the traditionalist identity of a person living in rural areas, the erosion of the communal content of interpersonal relations through the weakening of communal ties, which, in turn, the question of the future effectiveness of the system of local self-government, the mechanism of which is being built, since the essence of such a model of management is the collective solution of problems of local importance on the basis of a single identity .In this context, the author proposes to distinguish between the traditional community and the modernized community.The study focuses on the specific features of a modernized community, which, on the one hand, relate it in some respects to the urban community, and on the other hand, characterize it as a hybrid of the community and the urban community.At the same time, members of the united community will in the future form a new identity that is not inherited, but constructed on the basis of formal principles, rather than cultural attributes.The researcher concludes that it is problematic to achieve the goal of decentralization reform, which was declared by the authorities, to create a capable local government that will address all local issues and bear responsibility for it, because the community of unions as a means of transformation does not take into account the complexities of identity.

scholarly journals State support and regulation of rural green tourism enterprises development

2020 ◽  
pp. 30-35
Author(s):  
Yaroslav Plevako
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
State Support ◽  
The Future ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Green Tourism ◽  
Grouping Problem ◽  
New Type ◽  
Tourism Enterprises

The subject of the research is theoretical, methodical and practical aspects of state support and regulation of rural green tourism enterprises development. The purpose of the work is to substantiate the directions, mechanisms and instruments of state support and regulation of the development of rural green tourism enterprises for the future. The methodological basis of the article was both general scientific and special methods of scientific knowledge. Methods were used: historical, dialectical, system-structural analysis and synthesis, statistical-economic, SWOT-analysis, grouping, problem-targeted approach. Results of work. The article highlights the problems, factors and prospects of state support and regulation of rural green tourism enterprises development. The conditions, resources, mechanisms and instruments of state support and regulation are identified. Reasonable sources of their spread and growth. Forms of monitoring, reporting and accounting are proposed. Functions have been defined to improve state support, regulation and management of rural green tourism enterprises development in the future. The field of application of results. The materials, results and conclusions of the article can be used in the activities of rural territorial communities, local self-government bodies, enterprises and agro-villages, higher education institutions of relevant specialization and faculties of economics and management. Conclusions. Rural green tourism is a relatively new type of rural activity. It is useful for both holidaymakers and owners – rural residents, entrepreneurs, rural communities, regions and the state as a whole. Its businesses and agro-settlements contribute to the development of many related businesses in other industries; preservation of national spirituality, popularization of Ukrainian culture; dissemination of knowledge and information about the historical, natural, ethnographic features of the country. It deserves all the support from the state, public organizations, large agribusiness, rural territorial communities.

scholarly journals Contradictions in the reproduction of the resource potential of agricultural enterprises and the conditions for overcoming it

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
Larisa Marmul ◽  
Svitlana Kucherenko ◽  
Liudmyla Levaieva
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Resource Potential ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Potential System ◽  
The Future ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Comprehensive Development ◽  
Balanced Model ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

The subject of the research is the theoretical, methodological and practical aspects of reproduction of the resource potential of agricultural enterprises. The purpose of the work is to identify the features and contradictions and substantiate the theoretical foundations and improve practical developments for the expanded reproduction of the resource potential of agricultural enterprises and the comprehensive development of their resource provision for the future. The methodological basis of the article was both general scientific and special methods of scientific knowledge. The article used scientific research methods: abstract-logical – to assess the impact of a combination of factors on the formation of reproduction of resource potential; system-structural analysis and synthesis – to identify the composition and functional affiliation of sources of reproduction; analytical and calculation – to study trends and patterns of reproduction and use of potential; statistical and economic, graphic – to identify and display the dynamics of reproduction indicators; computational and constructive – to substantiate a balanced model of the processes of reproduction of resource potential, taking into account its dialectical contradictions. Results of work. The article reveals the features and contradictions, substantiates the theoretical foundations and improves practical developments on the expanded reproduction of the resource potential of agricultural enterprises and the comprehensive development of their resource provision for the future. The issues of the dialectics of its implementation and the improvement of the organizational and economic mechanism are considered, taking into account the identified contradictions, the processes of differentiation of the subjects of the agrarian and agro-industrial economy, the corporatization of their management, the formation of the land market, the modernization of material and technical means, the significant rates of innovation. The field of application of results. The conclusions and results obtained in the article should be used in the educational and scientific process of the economics faculties of universities, in the work of agricultural enterprises, in the activities of rural communities, district administrations of agriculture. Conclusions. A feature of the modern economic situation at enterprises of agro-industrial production to recreate their resource potential is the presence of a dialectical contradiction: the implementation of an extensive type of expanded reproduction is fundamentally unacceptable, but it is still being carried out. Therefore, resources are used irrationally, since the constant technical basis of production determines its high cost.

scholarly journals Production and management of goat rearing in rural areas of Ezinihitte Mbaise, Imo State, Nigeria

Agro-Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
C.U. Nwachukwu ◽  
N. Berekwu
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Production Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Household Size ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Imo State ◽  
Pest Incidence ◽  
Indigenous Goat

This study assessed production and management practices of indigenous goat rearing in the rural communities of Ezinihitte Mbaise, Imo State. Data were collected from 150 goat farmers in Ezinihitte Mbaise with the use of structured questionnaire in 2014 for data collection. The  questionnaire was on the socio-economic characteristics of goat farmers, factors influencing and constraints on production and management of goat rearing. The mean age of goat farmers was 51 years and 86 percent were males. The farmers’ level of education was primary education (60%), secondary education (22%), and tertiary education (18%). Majority (52%) of the household size were 4-7 persons with mean household size of 4 persons. Farming experience was mostly short (62%) having only 1-5 years. The result showed that coefficient of age, farm size, educational level, household size and years of experiences were the factors that influenced goat production and management in the study area. Farm size, family labour and capital were shown to be crucially important for goat production and management. The farmers had an over-utilized resource in goat production and a decrease in resources increased proportional output. Most of the farmers practisedextensivesystem of production as the most commonly used system by goat farmers. Poor veterinary services, inadequate skilled labour, poor housing facilities, poor road network, market  problems, high disease and pest incidence, high cost of animal drugs, and feeds are the constraints faced by goat farmers. The study recommends strong efforts to educate and retain the experienced goat farmers to ensure increase output and productivity. Key words: goat rearing, production, management, constraints

scholarly journals Labor market trends in Akmola region of Kazakhstan

2021 ◽  
pp. 163-171
Author(s):  
A. S. Belgibayeva ◽  
◽  
A. Zh. Mussina ◽  
M. A. Volokhova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Private Households ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Labor Resources ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

The purpose of the study is to examine main trends and phenomena on labor market in agriculture. In the process of studying this problem, it was revealed that most of the employed population of the region lives in rural areas. It has been determined that at present the rural labor market is characterized by decrease in the number of employed in agricultural sector of economy, deterioration in the quality parameters characterizing the use of labor, discrepancy between the level of competence of specialists and the demands of expanded reproduction and efficiency of labor resources, and growing imbalance in the demand and supply of qualified workers. It has been determined that in conditions of unemployment in rural areas, the increased shortage of professional personnel in the main mass specialties in agro-industrial production has been noted among residents. The analysis of the structure of the employed in Akmola region was done, which showed significant differences between employment in urban and rural areas. A negative trend is shown which is associated with increase in proportion of the population, whose age exceeds the working age, in the total population of the village. Comparative analysis of sectoral structure of rural employment showed a decrease in the share of people who are employed in agriculture. In the course of the study, the main reasons for the rural population flow to the city have been determined. The main factors contributing to the return of skilled workers to agricultural sector are indicated. Priority areas of labor supply for rural residents have been identified, the most important of which are the development of small and medium-sized businesses in rural areas, as well as self-employment in private households. A number of measures aimed to increase the effectiveness of functioning of labor market in rural areas are proposed.

scholarly journals Models of Implementation of Enterprises in Agricultural Green Tourism in European Countries and Assessment of their Efficiency

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 337-340
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
European Experience ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Green Tourism ◽  
General Scientific

The subject of the study is theoretical and practical aspects of the justification of the models of entrepreneurship in rural green tourism in European countries and the evaluation of their effectiveness. The aim of the work is to identify features of entrepreneurship models in rural green tourism and to develop practical recommendations for assessing their effectiveness. Methodological basis of the article became general scientific and special methods of scientific knowledge. Were used methods: dialectical, monographic, historical, system-structural analysis and synthesis, problem and program-target approaches. The article reveals peculiarities of entrepreneurship models in rural green tourism. Features of development and support of rural green tourism in different countries as one of the perspective types of tourism business are considered. Grounded trends and prospects of development of rural green tourism in Ukraine. Conclusions and results of the article can be used in the educational-scientific process of the economic faculties of higher educational institutions. It is expedient to transfer them for practical use in the management of tourism activities at the level of enterprises, in the activities of public organizations, rural communities. Comprehensive study and implementation of the European experience of small business in rural green tourism in Ukraine is aimed at achieving its strategic goal – creation of a competitive national and European and world markets for a national tourist product that can meet the needs of both compatriots and foreigners as much as possible. It is also an expansion of the internal and constant growth of volumes of inbound tourism in the countryside, ensuring the integrated development of rural areas and their tourist destinations, taking into account the socio-economic interests of the entire population of the country as a whole

scholarly journals On the future of local communities in rural areas

2003 ◽  
pp. 177-194
Author(s):  
Krstan Malesevic
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Rural Sociology ◽  
Social Community ◽  
The Future

When discussing the future of rural areas for rural sociology (which aims at developing a holistic approach), the most important issue is certainly the question of fate of local communities in rural areas. Reviewing the enormous literature on countryside and agriculture, one can notice an overwhelming dominance of articles that focus on the agrarian and economic policy, often written fairly in the form of agro-economic reductionism. The totality of human life in rural communities is often lost in the fragmentary analysis of individual scientific disciplines. That is why there is a lack of knowledge on the meaning and content of (new) rurality, rural relationships, rural values, rural communities, rural ways of life and on integral rural development in conceptual-theoretical as well as in practical-empirical sense. This problem, understandably, affects different aspects of the complex phenomenon of "rurality" in our situation. However, regardless of the evident insufficiency of synthetic knowledge about our countryside as a social community, it is clearly evident that rural areas are in deep crisis. Local communities in the majority of our rural areas are completely marginalised. Great number of these communities are in the process of disintegration and disappearance. They have lost a "spirit of time" and identity and have not acquired a new one. Furthermore, in some rural areas local communities have literally vanished. In other words, it is difficult to find in our society any active rural communities with a clear future prospects. That is why the crucial question for social theory as well as for social practice is: Which are the economic, demographic, technological and especially socio-cultural prerequisites of renewal and development of local communities in the near future? Without their revitalisation there is no development of rural areas and vice versa. In the focus of this renewal there should be an adequate spatial, functional, organic and emotional connection of people living there. In other words, their participation and their self-identification with these communities is a key prerequisite. Although the renewal of our rural communities is an extremely difficult task, filled with many dilemmas, inconsistencies and objective contradictions, it is not unresolvable, at least for one type of these communities. With the well-thought strategy of planning and management of rural development, these processes can be accelerated and channelled in the desired direction. This paper discusses some possible solutions and gives more concrete propositions in relation to this problem.

Mechanisms for Regulating the Labor Resources of Rural Territories

2020 ◽  
pp. 54-57
Author(s):  
N.M. Edrenkina ◽  
◽  
A.E. Lisitsin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Public Private Partnership ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Private Partnership ◽  
Labor Resources ◽  
Labor Potential

The tendencies of state regulation of the labor potential of rural territories are revealed, which prove the lack of effective mechanisms of its reproduction. Mechanisms to increase the efficiency of state regulation of the labor potential on rural areas, aimed primarily at creating jobs and the number of people employed in the segment of small and medium-sized business are proposed. Thanks to public-private partnership in this area, it is possible to reduce budget expenditures on the development of social infrastructure.

TURNING FARMERS INTO SOCIAL FARMER ENTREPRENEURS FOR DISADVANTAGED PEOPLE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Remus Runcan
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Physical Work ◽  
Healthy Environment ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural Development Programme ◽  
Rural And Urban

According to Romania’s National Rural Development Programme, the socio-economic situation of the rural environment has a large number of weaknesses – among which low access to financial resources for small entrepreneurs and new business initiatives in rural areas and poorly developed entrepreneurial culture, characterized by a lack of basic managerial knowledge – but also a large number of opportunities – among which access of the rural population to lifelong learning and entrepreneurial skills development programmes and entrepreneurs’ access to financial instruments. The population in rural areas depends mainly on agricultural activities which give them subsistence living conditions. The gap between rural and urban areas is due to low income levels and employment rates, hence the need to obtain additional income for the population employed in subsistence and semi-subsistence farming, especially in the context of the depopulation trend. At the same time, the need to stimulate entrepreneurship in rural areas is high and is at a resonance with the need to increase the potential of rural communities from the perspective of landscape, culture, traditional activities and local resources. A solution could be to turn vegetal and / or animal farms into social farms – farms on which people with disabilities (but also adolescents and young people with anxiety, depression, self-harm, suicide, and alexithymia issues) might find a “foster” family, bed and meals in a natural, healthy environment, and share the farm’s activities with the farmer and the farmer’s family: “committing to a regular day / days and times for a mutually agreed period involves complying with any required health and safety practices (including use of protective clothing and equipment), engaging socially with the farm family members and other people working on and around the farm, and taking on tasks which would include working on the land, taking care of animals, or helping out with maintenance and other physical work”

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