scholarly journals ABOUT PRINCIPLES OF PRECEDENCE AND TRANSCENDENCE IN ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT (SOCIO-ECONOMIC-ECONOMIC CONTEXT)

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2(64)) ◽  
pp. 293-297
Author(s):  
K.V. Stepanova ◽  
V.N. Stepanov
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Adaptive Management ◽  
Past Experience ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Nonlinear Phenomena ◽  
General Description ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Methodological Aspects ◽  
High Degree

The paper discusses the methodological aspects of the principles of adaptive management for socio-economic, economic-ecological and other systems. Adaptive management includes a set of methods that allow to change the parameters of the regulating system depending on management actions and outcomes and external impacts. Adaptive management is based inter alia on the principles of �precedence� (past experience) and �transcendence� (beyond experience). The principle of precedence includes past experience in decision making (study the problem "from the bottom"). Based on the definition of transcendence (something that is fundamentally unavailable to experiential knowledge or not based on experience), transcendental analysis is considered as analysis of complex nonlinear phenomena and processes with a high degree of uncertainty (study the problem �from the top�). The paper presents a conceptual model of adaptive management based on the principles of precedence and transcendence. This model includes the next steps: definition and general description of the object of adaptive management; study of the object "from the bottom", based on past experience; study the object of adaptive management "from the top", taking into account a kind of "absolute", which goes beyond the existing experience; vision of the system based on the incidence matrix, ranking of interests and threats; decision making taking into account improvement of previous decisions and implementation of idealized transcendental model. The concept of the principles of precedence and transcendence in adaptive management is considered in the paper in the context of incident theory in order to form the system vision and rank the system from the point of view of interests (as a resource of development) or threats (as an anti-resource of development)

scholarly journals Pedagogical and Methodological Aspects of Non-Invasive Monitoring (case of Teaching Mathematics at School and University)

2020 ◽  
pp. 113-145
Author(s):  
Anton Chukhnov ◽  
◽  
Sergei Pozdnyakov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Learning Process ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Invasive Monitoring ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Strategic Goals ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Properties Of Information ◽  
Methodological Aspects

The development of information technologies makes it possible to record a large amount of data in the learning process, both on the results of performing educational operations and on the psychophysical characteristics of students. In this regard, a number of ethical, pedagogical and methodological problems arise. Among them are the disproportionate control actions to the volume and properties of information retrieved during monitoring and problems associated with ensuring the information security of the student. In contrast to natural monitoring, monitoring the management of teaching has as an object of training a person, who can be considered, from the point of view of management, as a highly organized information system. The article is devoted to the study of the problem of non-invasive monitoring, involving the redirection of most of the monitoring information to the student himself. As a definition of non-invasive monitoring, the following is proposed: non-invasive monitoring is a type of pedagogical feedback that is used exclusively for correcting the student’s actions and is prohibited from using to control the effectiveness and transfer the results outside class. The article analyzes 15 different teaching paradigms, which are explicitly or implicitly adhered to by teachers, organizing the educational process, from the point of view of compliance with the tasks of non-invasive monitoring. The methodological aspects of the implementation of non-invasive monitoring from the point of view of computer support of the learning process are also analyzed. It is shown how non-invasive monitoring can be supported by software that provides active interaction of the student with the subject environment and gives the teacher more freedom in planning and achieving strategic goals of managing the educational process.

scholarly journals Formation of national self-consciousness of future musical art teachers in the process of their professional training

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 ◽  
pp. 03012
Author(s):  
Vasyl Kovalchuk ◽  
Tetiana Aheikina-Starchenko ◽  
Nataliia Chorna ◽  
Svitlana Iskra
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Art Teachers ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Training Process ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Special Knowledge ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Methodological Aspects

The authors of the paper analyze the definition of “national self-consciousness” and outline its structure, which includes self-esteem, socio-psychological expectations, and self-identification. From the point of view of the authors of the paper, the national self-consciousness of future musical art teachers includes three interrelated components. They are: an information-cognitive one, which involves mastering the system of general knowledge and special knowledge, as well as the possession of certain information regarding one's own self-identification; an emotional and value one, which reflects patriotic feelings, the desire for the national ideal, the value attitude towards the Ukrainian cultural heritage; and a reflexive and activity one, which characterizes the awareness of the nationality, awareness of oneself as a bearer of cultural values and heritage of the nation, and awareness of one's role in future professional activities. As a result of the analysis of the researches on the problem under our consideration, we made some conclusions about the ways of forming the national selfconsciousness of young people. The authors of the paper conducted a pedagogical experiment that allowed identify methodological aspects and suggest forms and methods that should be used in the training process to form the national self-consciousness of future teachers of musical art.

An adaptive management case study for managing macropods on Maria Island National Park, Tasmania, Australia: adding devils to the detail

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janeane Ingram
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Adaptive Management ◽  
National Park ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Tasmanian Devil ◽  
Integrated Monitoring ◽  
Juvenile Mortality ◽  
Management Actions

Adaptive management is driven by structured decision making and evidence from monitoring in a ‘learning’ framework that guides management actions. In a conservation context, this iterative approach includes evaluation of the impacts on natural processes. On Maria Island National Park, Tasmania, Australia, introduced Forester kangaroo, Bennetts wallaby and Tasmanian pademelon have been intensively managed by an annual cull since 1994. Management actions were triggered by high parasite loads, intense grazing pressure and high juvenile mortality during drought periods. Criticism of the annual cull from animal welfare groups initiated the development of an adaptive management approach for decision making that replaces the historic ‘trial and error’ process. Following a comprehensive review of the existing macropod management program in 2011, an integrated monitoring strategy was established to provide evidence for informed decision making. Assessments of animal health and estimates of population trends are the key indicators for management actions to occur. Maintaining viable macropod populations and protecting natural values form the basis of management objectives. Management actions in each year, for each species, represent ‘treatments’ as spatial replication is not possible at such a small scale. An adaptive management approach for macropod management on Maria Island has resulted in only one species being culled in 2014 and 2015 for the first time in almost 20 years. However the recent introduction of a major predator, the Tasmanian devil, has increased uncertainty for long-term macropod management on Maria Island with no cull occurring in 2016 and 2017.

scholarly journals ‘Alexa, Adv(ert)ise us!’

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 19-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Haas ◽  
Anna Keller
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
New Media ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The World ◽  
The Media ◽  
Child Friendly ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Smart Technologies ◽  
Advertising Literacy ◽  
High Degree

Digital assistants increasingly infiltrate the world of children. The way they function reminds us somewhat of playmates, nannies and tutors. So far, educators have only marginally dealt with this new media phenomenon, yet the use of smart speakers by young people offers many opportunities as well as challenges. These are elaborated in this article and classified in terms of media education. Firstly, we will address a definition of smart speakers and digital speech assistants, and then examine their use by means of usage data. We will then concentrate on examining the extent to which these smart technologies play a role in the environments of young people. What forms of advertising are there? What data do digital assistants collect? And finally, how can parents, educators and companies ensure that smart technologies are used in a child-friendly manner that complies with data protection regulations? Our aim is to nudge the phenomenon of smart speakers and speech assistants into the media-pedagogical focus. Dealing with the specific characteristics of smart speakers requires a high degree of (child) user competence. As we will show in the conclusion, there are further pedagogically beneficial approaches from the point of view of promoting advertising literacy.

scholarly journals QUALIFICATION OF CRIMINAL OFFENSES: THE PROBLEM OF DEFINITION AND METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE RESEARCH

2021 ◽  
pp. 125-131
Author(s):  
K. M. Orobets
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Special Kind ◽  
Practical Aspect ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Criminal Offense ◽  
Criminal Offenses ◽  
Comprehensive Development ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Methodological Aspects

The article is devoted to the study of the qualification of criminal offenses. It has been established that this concept is used in criminal and criminal procedural legislation, but there is no formal definition of it. In the science of criminal law, there are different approaches to understanding the concept of qualifications. Based on the analysis of these approaches, the definition of the qualification of criminal offenses has been formulated. According to the author, the qualification of criminal offenses is a process of knowledge and evaluation by the authorized subject of the factual features of a socially dangerous act, isolation of legally significant ones and establishing their compliance with the legal features of a particular corpus delicti of criminal offense, including its distinction from other criminal offenses and from acts that are not criminally illegal, as a result of which the conclusion on the criminal law norm to be applied is substantiated and documented. The main methodological aspects of the study of the qualification of criminal offenses, such as praxeological, epistemological, axiological, hermeneutical, logical, practical, are highlighted. From the point of view of praxeology, the qualification of criminal offenses is considered as a special kind of human, and in particular legal, activity. In the epistemological aspect, the qualification of criminal offenses is the cognitive activity of the law enforcer. In the axiological aspect in the process of qualification the assessment of factual signs and the committed act as a whole is carried out, and also in the presence of estimation concepts in criminal law their maintenance is defined. The hermeneutic aspect of the study of the qualification of criminal offenses is to study the understanding and interpretation of criminal law. The comparison of the factual features of the committed act and the features of the specific composition of the criminal offense should be carried out using the laws, forms and methods of logic. The practical aspect of the study of the qualification of criminal offenses covers the material and procedural problems of accuracy, correctness of qualification in terms of content and form. It is concluded that the study of these aspects contributes to a deeper understanding of the concept under study. The multidimensional approach to the qualification of criminal offenses contributes to the further comprehensive development of qualification rules and substantiation of proposals for improving the practice of applying the criminal law.

scholarly journals CONSERVAÇÃO DE SUPERFÍCIES PÉTREAS EM MONUMENTOS. ASPECTOS METODOLÓGICOS

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Delgado Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Multidisciplinary Teams ◽  
Stone Surface ◽  
Interdisciplinary Work ◽  
Methodological Aspects ◽  
Adaptive Approaches

Resumo:A conservação de monumentos é uma área de interesses profissionais múltiplos, lida com problemas de índoles muito diversas, exige abordagens muito versáteis e adaptativas para resolver problemas que frequentemente não encaixam em conceitos normalizados, e funciona com incertezas mal aceites pela legislação e práticas correntes em actividades da indústria da construção com as quais frequentemente conflitua. A necessidade de competências específicas para actuar sobre o património cultural é hoje reconhecida sem grande contestação, mas nem os conteúdos dessas competências, nem as formas de os obter são assunto resolvido. A clarificação dos domínios de intervenção e a delimitação dos específicos campos de actuação são aspectos relevantes para minimizar conflitos, mas as formas de as definir nem sempre foram objectivas e a sua implementação é muitas vezes pouco clara. A qualificação dos agentes, o recurso a equipas multidisciplinares e a promoção do trabalho interdisciplinar promovem a elevação da qualidade dos projectos e das intervenções. O estabelecimento de regras claras entre tutelas, consultores e executantes facilita o diálogo e promove o estabelecimento de relações mais justas e uma maior probabilidade de serem atingidos os melhores resultados. O artigo propõe-se discutir alguns destes aspectos, principalmente do ponto de vista dos cientistas da conservação, focando-se no seu papel como intervenientes activos em equipas multidisciplinares responsáveis pela tomada de decisão e de supervisão das intervenções de conservação.Palavras Chave: conservação de monumentos; conservation scientist; multidisciplinaridade; qualificação das intervençõesAbstract: CONSERVATION OF STONE SURFACE IN MONUMENTS. METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS. The conservation of monuments is an area of multiple professional interests, deals with problems of very diverse nature, requires very versatile and adaptive approaches to solve problems that often do not fit into standard concepts, and deals with uncertainties not well accepted by law and by the current practices of the construction industry with which it often conflicts. The need for specific skills to act on the cultural heritage is now recognized without much controversy, but neither the contents of these skills nor the ways of obtaining them are consensual matters. Clarification of fields of intervention and the delimitation of the respective competence domains are relevant to minimize conflicts, but the way they have been defined were not always objective and its implementation is often unclear. The qualification of agents, the preference for multidisciplinary teams and the encouragement of interdisciplinary work will help rising the quality of projects and interventions. The establishment of clear interrelation rules among curators, consultants and contractors facilitates dialogue and creates an ambiance of fairer relationships with higher chances to reach the best expectable results. The article aims to discuss some of these aspects, especially from the point of view of conservation scientists, focusing on their role as active players in multidisciplinary teams responsible for decision-making and supervision of conservation interventions.Keywords: conservation of monuments, conservation scientist, multidisciplinarity, quality of interventions

scholarly journals Gender Wise Saudi Investors' Awareness of Corporate Governance Mechanism and Its Importance in Their Investment Decision Making – An Empirical Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rima Al-Sager ◽  
Durga Prasad Samontaray
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Investment Decision ◽  
Investment Decisions ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Governance Mechanism ◽  
Board Committees ◽  
Investment Decision Making ◽  
Corporate Governance Mechanism ◽  
Definition Of

This paper discusses the gender wise investors' awareness of corporate governance concepts and its importance in their investment decision process. It also answers the two questions "do investors depend on information related to corporate governance to make their investment decisions?" and "are the mechanisms of corporate governance important to them?" Books, studies, and research articles are used to enrich this paper. A survey is used as a tool to investigate the opinion of male and female investors, about corporate governance concepts and its importance on investors' decision making process. The survey shows that investors do not have a clear definition of corporate governance but they believe that it is important from companies' point of view. Also, most of investors do not always depend on information or factors that related to corporate governance as a base for their investment decisions. Mainly, Saudi investors care about board committees, disclosure and transparency as mechanisms of corporate governance.

Prejudice from an Epistemological Point of View

Prejudice ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 7-25
Author(s):  
Endre Begby
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Epistemology ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Total Evidence ◽  
Decision Making Under Uncertainty ◽  
Working Definition ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Applied Epistemology ◽  
Epistemological Point

The book’s opening chapter begins by providing a working definition of prejudice in terms of negatively charged stereotypes targeting some group of people, and derivatively, the individuals who comprise this group. It then turns to situating this approach in the larger landscape of contemporary epistemological theory. The study of prejudiced belief falls within the ambit of social epistemology. It should also, it is argued, be considered as a form of situated, applied epistemology. As such, it is recognizably a contribution to “non-ideal epistemology” (a notion to be further elaborated in chapter 3): non-ideal epistemology aims to provide normative guidelines for decision-making under uncertainty. Currently popular “externalist” approaches to epistemology are of no help here. But at the same time, non-ideal epistemology is also not “internalist,” since it routinely holds what we are responsible to a broader subset of the total evidence than is currently in our possession.

Intencia uskutočniť dovolenkový pobyt v čase pandémie – teoretická štúdia

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
Darina Nakatova
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Travel Behaviour ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Hygiene Measures ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Travel Abroad

The aim of the paper is a theoretical analysis and definition of the term intention to travel, as well as systematization of knowledge in current scientific work concerning the intention to travel for a holiday stay during a pandemic. Factors and variables that are related to decision-making and the intention to travel are summarized. The influence of the perceived risk on the intention to travel abroad amid a pandemic is described. Analysis of studies on holiday travel during a pandemic shows that the intention to carry out a holiday stay is influenced by the geographical aspect of the stay, the time aspect of its realization, hygiene measures and health care at the place of stay. As for the factors of intention not to travel, the article draws attention to the need to know them and presents a proposal for a solution from the point of view of consumers and tourism businesses. In the current situation amid the pandemic, understanding and knowing the clients' intentions to travel and their actual travel behaviour is very important for any tourism business and destination. Intention (tendency, notion) as a direction of action and behaviour of a person is an important factor for his actual activity. At the same time, travel intention may not always become real travel behaviour. Based on the analysis of the intention to travel on holiday during the pandemic, several studies show that the intention to carry out a holiday stay is influenced by the geographical aspect of the stay, the time aspect of its implementation, hygiene measures and health care at the place of stay. And it is also necessary to take into account the factors of the intention not to travel and to adapt to this fact the knowledge of the situation on the part of consumers and tourism companies. On the part of consumers, a change in income may result in a consumption restructuring and the search for new alternatives in the field of leisure and travel, on the part of tourism companies it will be necessary to find solutions in terms of changing the portfolio of services and their prices. However, it is very likely that the passion to travel and its impact on the intention to travel will outweigh the worries about traveling and the intention not to travel.

scholarly journals Desenvolvimento de um Modelo Dinâmico e Adaptativo como Ferramenta para a Orientação Estratégica em Organizações do Setor Aeroespacial

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 242-263
Author(s):  
Dinah Eluze Sales Leite ◽  
Milton De Freitas Chagas Junior
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Dynamic Capabilities ◽  
Design Science ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Theoretical Point ◽  
Abductive Logic ◽  
Strategic Model ◽  
Aerospace Sector ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Selection Of

Objective: The article proposes a strategic model, dynamic and adaptive, aiming to improve the capture and use of opportunities in the selection of the technology portfolio in complex and uncertain environments.Method: The methodology defined in this research is the study of multiple cases in the Design Science approach. We seek to generate scientific knowledge about the selection of technologies in organizations in the aerospace sector through the development and application of the proposed model. The study also considers a combination of inductive and abductive logic to deal with the inherent uncertainty in the RD environment.Originality/Relevance: From a theoretical point of view, the main gaps in technological strategy in the aerospace sector can be highlighted: decision making under uncertainty, the lack of integration between areas in decision making, and limitations in the time horizon of strategic development.Results: The main expected results, with the application of the model, are: (1) improve the capture, and use of opportunities, (2) improve the competitive advantage of the organization, and (3) contribute to a more flexible technology strategy in the long term. The cases explored allowed the detailing of the impacts of decision making on strategic development and the technologies domain in the definition of technological routes.Theoretical contributions: From a theoretical point of view, the research contributes to the dynamic capabilities model, including seizing to generative sensing.Management contributions: From a practical point of view, the development of the model contributes to aerospace organizations' strategic management to make them more robust, agile, and flexible.

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