INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT AGES HEIFERS LIVE WEIGHT ON THE LIFELONG COWS PRODUCTIVITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Klymkovetskyi
Keyword(s):  
Pubertal Development ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Dairy Farming ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Average Period ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Dairy Breed

One of the problems of modern dairy farming is the short period of productive use of cows. This is observed not only in Ukraine, but also in most countries of the world with developed dairy farming. The consequence of a short period of productive use is a decrease in lifelong productivity of cows. The aim of this paper was to study the possibility of influencing the duration of use and lifelong yield of cows by selecting heifers for live weight during their rearing. The study analyzed the lifelong productivity of 1071 cows of the Ukrainian black-spotted dairy breed, starting from their breeding and before leaving the herd. Animals were divided into five groups by living weight at the age of 3, 6, 12 and 15 months using a standard deviation (σ) from the mean value. The number of calving, the duration of productive life, lifelong yield and yield for higher lactation, as well as the average period between calving were determined within the groups. It was found that yield for higher lactation are associated with the weight of heifers during the beginning of pubertal development and the onset of sexual maturity. Animals that had a live weight of + 0.5…1.5 σ at the age of 6 months and more than +1.5 σ at the age of 12 months from the average live weight in the herd were characterized by the highest milk yield. The group of signs of lifelong productivity (number of calving, duration of productive use and lifelong yield) was positively affected by live weight of heifers aged 3, 6, 12 and 15 months, which exceeded the average live weight in the herd by 0.5…1.5 σ. Cows included in these groups outperformed other groups by 0.2…1.4 calving. During the period of use, these cows received 11…32% more milk than the herd average. The research expands the understanding of the influence of heifer breeding on the formation of lifelong productivity of cows and can be used to select livestock and adjust plans for dairy cattle breeding.

scholarly journals DAIRY CATTLE BREEDING IN KIROVOGRAD REGION

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 60-67
Author(s):  
G. D. Іlyashenko
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Breeding Farms

Dairy cattle breeding is one of the leading livestock sectors whose purpose is to ensure the production of high quality dairy raw materials in volumes meeting the scientifically grounded standards of state food security and expanding the export potential of the agrarian sector. The purpose of our research was to study the status and prospects of dairy cattle breeding in the Kirovograd region. Material and methods of research. The research was carried out on the basis of the electronic database of breeding goals (including 2312 cows), official statistics and estimates of cattle of various breeds that are involved in the production of dairy direction in the breeding farms of the Kirovograd region. The analysis used zootechnical and statistical methods. The calculations were carried out using the software package "STATISTICA-6,1" Results. According to the research (2001–2018), the cattle population in the Kirovograd oblast decreased by a factor of 2.6. Thus, as of January 1, 2018, its number constituted 96.3 thousand heads in all categories of farms, 53.1 thousand of them were cows, the number of which also decreased by 2.4 times. Specific gravity of cattle population of farms remains significant and makes up 72.7%, and 80.6% in the livestock of cows. The largest number of cows of agricultural enterprises declined significantly. Thus, as of January 1, 2018, their number was 10.3 thousand goals, which is 4.7 times less than in the same period of 2001. In the households there is also a tendency for a permanent reduction of cows, the difference is, respectively, 37.0 thousand heads or 46.4% The development of dairy cattle breeding is characterized by two opposite tendencies: reduction of livestock of cows and increase of their productivity. Thus, in agricultural enterprises in 2010, compared to 2000, hopes per cow increased by 2.5 times, in all categories of farms by 1.8 times. In 2017, the increase in dairy costs in agricultural enterprises compared to 2010 amounted to 60.0% in farms of all categories 12.2%. The researches found that in the agricultural enterprises of the oblast as of January 1, 2018 there are 26256 head of cattle, including 10281 cows. The breeding part of the existing cows is 3.013 heads, 29.3% of the total number located in 10 breeding farms. The analysis of the genealogy structure showed that the experimental population of cows belongs to 18 lines and related groups of which the most numerous Chifa 1427381 – 20.4%, Starbuck 352790 – 20.1%, Henev 1629391 – 18.6% , Eleusis 1491007 – 11.2%, Family 267150 – 10.8%. Among the indicated lines, the lowest level of milk productivity was first-born cows. The 1491007, the milk of milk for 305 days of lactation was 4466 ± 99.8 kg, and the milk fat was 168.2 ± 6.5 kg. Analogues l Starbak 352779 was characterized by the highest milk productivity, its level was 5696 + 98.8 kg and 224.9 ± 9.7 kg, respectively. The difference in stomach was 1230 ± 140.4 kg (td = 10.2) and at the release of milk fat 56.7 ± 5.28 kg (td = 10.2) at P < 0.001. However, the latter were markedly less service life (125 against 168 days) and logically higher reproduction rate compared to other lines. An analysis of the intensity of the formation of live weight of young animals has been established for its highest growth in heifers of controlled herds in the period from 9 to 12 months. Thus, in animals of Ukrainian red breed, the growth rate of live weight during this period was 75 kg, Ukrainian red-shrimp 61 kg, Ukrainian black-and-white 73 kg, Holstein 76 kg. Accordingly, during this period, the average daily gain of live weight of young breeds of these breeds was 833 g; 678 g; 811 g, 835 g. The sharp fluctuations of average daily increments during growing periods, first of all, testify to the unequal conditions of growing and feeding young animals than the breed differences. In general, as a result of the analysis of the formation of live weight of heifers, a significant level of phenotypic variability was observed, which confirms sufficient genetic resources and preconditions for selection on the given sign. Therefore, proceeding from the above, in the long run, selection work for breeding improvement of cattle breeding farms of the Kirovograd region should be conducted in accordance with certain promising directions according to groups of breeds. Conclusions. A very important factor in the growth of milk production in the Kirovograd region is high-yield pedigree cattle. The main task on the way of bringing breeding cases in dairy farming to the modern level is the introduction of computer breeding records in breeding farms. This will allow to estimate in the near future bulls-pedigrees, which were used in the past in these farms, to allocate among them complex improvers for precisely the specific conditions and maximally attract them for reproduction. On the other hand, a reliable clogging of poor quality in the genetic sense of sperm production, which leads to negative consequences, will be posed. When establishing the assessment of the breeding value of bulls and developing a single plan of breeding and breeding work in the region, one can proceed to the next step of improving breeding and breeding business, introducing a progressive method of raising the breeding value of animals of large-scale breeding. As a result, the profit from the breeding of highly productive animals, well adapted to specific conditions, will significantly exceed the costs. At the same time, the proposed measures will allow the breeding business to be brought up to the modern world level and stimulate highly productive cattle breeding.

GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF SIMMENTAL BULLS DEPENDING ON PROGENY

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-10
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
Breeding Selection ◽  
Productivity Indicators ◽  
Body Parameters ◽  
Daily Gain

In dairy cattle breeding, selection and breeding work is widely used in order to transfer the pedigree qualities of parents to the offspring and obtain highly productive young animals. In this regard, in the conditions of «Enbek» LLP in the Akmola region, the growth and development of young Simmental breed depending on the origin was studied. Live weight of Litera line young animals at birth was 33.4 kg, at the age of 6 months-174.9, 12 months-251.8, 18 months-387.1 kg, respectively, Wildfang bull 32.0 kg, 165.5 kg, 251.3 kg, 378.6 kg. The average daily gain between the ages of birth and 6 months was increased. With age, the body parameters, height at the withers, increased from 104.3 cm and 103.5 cm to 125.4 cm and 123.9 cm, respectively, from 6 months to 18 months of young animals. According to the physique indices, we can say that the young Simmental breed is balanced. Only some deviations of the leggy index are observed from the optimal indicators. The index of legginess decreases with age by 7.7%, with indicators of 6 months – by 57%, at the age of 18 months-by 49.3%. The extension index for the period from 6 to 18 months increased by 10.5%, respectively, for 6 months-by 103.3%, for 18 months-by 113.8%. With age and an increase in live weight, the body of young animals lengthens, its width increases, the animal becomes deeper and relatively long-legged. Depending on the origin, we suggest using the Litera bull line, taking into account the growth and development of young animals, and the productivity indicators of bulls.

Growing of replacement young cattle in ООО «PskovAgroInvest»

2022 ◽  
Vol 354 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 40-42
Author(s):  
N. A. Shcherbakova ◽  
A. Yu. Kozlovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Group Approach ◽  
Daily Growth ◽  
Young Stock ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
Young Cattle

ООО «PskovAgroInvest» pays great attention to the rearing of replacement young animals. The rate of increase in the intensity of raising heifers on the farm meets the standards and requirements of pedigree dairy cattle breeding. The farm uses stage-bystage rearing of replacement young stock, taking into account its age. A group approach to rearing young animals. Replacement heifers use natural and cultivated pastures in the summer. In recent years, the age of replacement heifers at the first insemination has noticeably decreased and approached the norm. At the same time, the live weight of animals at the first insemination increased, which in 2020 amounted to 460 kg, which opens up prospects for a further decrease in the age of the first insemination. This became possible due to an increase in the average daily growth in cultivation, which regularly increases every year and amounts to 756 g in 2020, which is 98 g, or 14.9%, more than in 2016. From table 2 it follows that in recent years, at all age periods, replacement heifers had a live weight exceeding the breed standard, which is 250 kg at 10-month-old, 290 kg at 12-month-old and 390 kg at 18-month-old age. At the same time, an increase in the average live weight of the replacement livestock is observed every year. So, in 2020, the value of the indicator was 278 kg at the age of 10 months, 331 kg at the age of 12 months, 463 kg at the age of 18 months, which is 16 kg, 54 kg and 75 kg, or 6.1%, 19, 5% and 19.3%, more than in 2016, respectively. Thus, the analyzed period allows us to conclude about the effectiveness of zootechnical work to improve the rearing of replacement heifers on the farm, but it must be continued in order to reduce the age of first insemination to 15–17 months with the optimal live weight of the livestock.

Sheep production on the north coast of New South Wales. 2. A feasibility study of prime lamb production

1980 ◽  
Vol 20 (102) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
RDH Cohen
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
North Coast ◽  
The North ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Short Period ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sheep Production

Lamb production was studied in an experiment that ran for four years, 1968 to 1972, at Grafton, New South Wales, in a region where no commercial sheep are grown. Merino and Dorset Horn x Merino ewes stocked at 15 ewes ha-1 were mated in spring to Border Leicester rams and the lambs sold for slaughter in October. The mean number of lambs born per 100 ewes mated was 81.7 for crossbred ewes and 48.4 for Merino ewes (P< 0.05) and the mean carcase weights of the lambs were 14.8 kg and 12.7 kg, respectively (P< 0.01). The mean weight of fleeces cut from Merino ewes (3.24 kg) was greater (P< 0.01) than that from crossbred ewes (2.58 kg). The ewes were treated with anthelmintics either every four weeks or according to climatic conditions. There were no significant differences between the anthelmintic treatments for lamb liveweights at birth, weaning or slaughter; carcase weight; ewe fleece weight; or mortality rate. Treatment every four weeks increased ewe live weight during only one short period from August 1971 to February 1972 (P< 0.05). Data from this experiment compared favourably with survey data for the high rainfall zone in Australia and it was concluded that prime lamb production on the north coast of New South Wales is biologically feasible.

MODERN "HERD MANAGEMENT" SYSTEM ON THE EXAMPLE OF MODEL DAIRY FARMS

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 156-163
Author(s):  
Askar Baymuhanov ◽  
◽  
Galina Guseva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Management System ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Herd Management ◽  
Innovative Technologies ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding

In terms of transition to loose housing, the issue of herd management is becoming especially acute. The aim of the study is to substantiate the efficiency of milk production using innovative technologies based on 7 model dairy farms containing 100 or more dairy cows. The relevance of the research topic is in the analysis of the effective application of the “Herd Management” system through digital technologies and intensive feeding for raising young animals of various groups. The economic effect of the introduction of innovative technologies in these economic entities is shown, which made it possible to determine the potential for their development, to assess the results of conducting production processes. The authors note the importance for dairy industry of the transfer and adaptation of technologies for automation of technological processes for production of livestock products in dairy cattle breeding in Kazakhstan, which will contribute to the achievement of goals and indicators as part of the implementation of the State Program on Development of the Agroindustrial Complex of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2017-2021. Examples of model farms, where high financial indicators were obtained on the basis of calculations, are presented. It was revealed that the development of dairy cattle breeding and the increase in productivity of cows largely depends on intensification of forage production, organization of proper care and maintenance of livestock, the breed and quality of raised heifers intended for reproduction. It was determined that in the experimental groups, when optimizing the feed rations of young cattle, the increase in live weight of the studied farm animals increases.

scholarly journals Semen characteristics of breeding bulls at the Central Cattle Breeding and Dairy Farm of Bangladesh

2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
ME Hossain ◽  
MM Khatun ◽  
MM Islam ◽  
OF Miazi
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Bull Semen ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The experiment was conducted on 97 breeding bulls at the central cattle breeding and dairy farm, Savar, Dhaka to find out the physical and chemical properties of different bull semen. Out of 97 bulls, 9 were Local (L), 9 were Friesian (F), 13 were Sahiwal (SL), 12 were Local×Friesian (L×F), 10 were Sahiwal×Friesian (SL×F), 26 were Local×Friesian×Friesian (LF1×F), 18 were Local×Friesian× Friesian×Friesian (LF2×F) bulls. The semen of different crossbred and local bulls was examined for ejaculate volume, concentration, pH and motility percent of sperm before and after freezing. It was observed that, the maximum average ejaculate was obtained from SL×F and the mean value was 12.9 ml. However, the minimum average ejaculate was obtained from LF×F and the mean value was 7.4 ml. Before freezing, the maximum average sperm concentration was obtained from SL and the mean value was 1858.4 million/ml. The minimum average sperm concentration was obtained from LF1×F and the mean value was 1286.6 million/ml. The maximum average pH was obtained from LF2×F and the mean value was 6.5. The maximum average motility was obtained from SL and the mean value was 68.8%. However, the minimum average motility was obtained from L×F and the mean value was 63.7%. After freezing, sperm concentration, pH and motility reduced substantially irrespective of type of breed. It could therefore be inferred that freezing of semen should be undertaken with special care to maintain optimum semen quality.http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v41i1.11968

scholarly journals НАЗВАНИЯ МОЛОЧНЫХ ПРОДУКТОВ В ХАЛХА-МОНГОЛЬСКОМ, БУРЯТСКОМ И КАЛМЫЦКОМ ЯЗЫКАХ

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentin Rassadin ◽  
Svetlana Trofimova
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
Dairy Farming ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Dairy Food ◽  
Sour Milk ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
Turkic Languages ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Shed Light

Проведен сравнительный анализ лексики, относящейся к группе молочных продуктов питания, традиционных для кочевых скотоводческих народов Центральной Азии – халха-монголов, бурят и ойратов, а также и калмыков. Материалом исследования послужили современные монгольские языки, а также материалы диалектологических экспедиций, проведенных Валентином Ивановичем Рассадиным с 1970-х годов по 2000-е годы на территории Республики Бурятия, Западной Монголии. Все монгольские народы продолжают традиционно разводить пять видов скота – лошади, коровы, овцы, козы и верблюды, от которых получают молоко, как исходный продукт для приготовления самых разнообразных молочных блюд путём сквашивания, перегонки, процеживания, отстаивания, кипячения, высушивания или разбавления чаем или водой. Удалось выяснить, что молочное скотоводство и способы приготовления многих молочных продуктов пришли ещё к древним прамонголам из глубины веков вместе с названиями от древних тюрок и сохраняются у современных монгольских народов до сих пор. Рассматривая термины молочных продуктов в монгольских языках, приводится перечень терминов, представленных и в старописьменном монгольском языке, поскольку наличие в нем слов, имеющих полную аналогию современным терминам, свидетельствует об их древности в монгольских языках. Кроме того, приведенный перечень слов ярко свидетельствует, что термины молочного хозяйства давно сложились в монгольских языках, по всей видимости, еще в общемонгольскую эпоху, когда организовывалось молочное хозяйство у монгольских племен. Дальнейшая разработка этого пласта лексики, особенно в плане ее этимологизации, позволит пролить свет на внешнее влияние, особенно тюркских языков, при котором складывались термины молочных продуктов, поскольку ряд монгольских терминов имеет аналогии в тюркских языках, таких как: тюрк. süt – молоко, ajran – кислое молоко, qurut – сушеные сырки, bїšlaq – сыр домашнего приготовления, irimek – творожистая накипь на стенках котла от кипячения кислого молока, araqї – водка.A comparative analysis of vocabulary related to the group of dairy food products traditional for the nomadic cattle-breeding peoples of Central Asia – the Khalkha-Mongols, Buryats and Oirats, as well as Kalmyks. The research modern Mongolian languages, as well as materials of dialectological expeditions conducted by Valentin Ivanovich Rassadin from the 1970s to the 2000s in the Republic of Buryatia, Western Mongolia. All Mongolian peoples traditionally continue to breed five types of cattle – horses, cows, sheep, goats and camels, from which milk is obtained as a starting product for the preparation of a wide variety of dairy dishes by fermentation, distillation, straining, settling, boiling, drying or diluting with tea or water. It was possible to find out that dairy cattle breeding and methods of preparing many dairy products came to the ancient from the depths of centuries, along with the names from the ancient Turks and are still preserved among the modern Mongolian peoples. Considering the terms of dairy products in Mongolian languages, a list of terms in Mongolian language, have a complete analogy to modern. Above list of words clearly testifies that the terms of dairy farming have long been established in the Mongolian languages, most likely, back in the Mongolian era, when dairy farming was among the Mongol tribes. Further development of this layer of vocabulary, especially in terms of its, will shed light on the external influence, especially the Turkic languages, in which the terms of dairy products were formed, since a number of Mongolian terms have analogies in the Turkic languages, such as: turk. süt – milk, ajran – sour milk, qurut – dried cheeses, bїšlaq – home-made cheese, irimek – curd scum on the walls of the boiler from boiling sour milk, araqї – vodka.

The growth and development of heifers of Alatau breed at different technologies of rearing

2020 ◽  
pp. 43-49
Author(s):  
S. Abugaliev ◽  
L. Bupebaeva ◽  
M. Baybatyrova ◽  
N. Matkerimov ◽  
K. Matkerimova
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
Young Cattle ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Daily Gain

At the present stage of economic development of the Republic of Kazakhstan dairy cattle breeding should be competitive, highly productive and cost-effective, which contributes to ensuring the country’s independence from imports of dairy products. The formation of milk productivity of future cows begins with the preparation of cows for calving and the purposeful rearing of replacement young cattle, based on the achievements of scientific and technical progress, a systematic approach to the production of high-quality products. The researches have been carried out in the farm “Tauelsizdik” in the Eskeldinsky district in the Almaty region in the Republic of Kazakhstan. According to the results of the research, the average daily gain of live weight in 3 months of the post-embryonic period was 458,9±71,9 g in heifers have reared in narrow-sized pens, and 682,2±44,6 g in heifers have reared in group pens. At 3 months of age the live weight of heifers at rearing in narrow-sized pens has reached 76,5±2,5 kg in narrow-sized pens, and 98,3±1,7 kg in group pens (P < 0,001). The data of the experiment have convincingly shown the effectiveness of rearing heifers in group pens. The live weight of heifers at birth was 36,4±1,1 kg, at one month of age – 54,2±1,6 kg, at 2 months of age the live weight increased to 70,2±2,1 kg, at 3 months of age to 87,4±3,3 kg, at 4 months of age to 116,8±3,5 kg, at 5 months of age to 132,7±4,2 kg and at 6 months of age to 157,4±4,6 kg. The indices of lengthiness, chest, hip-chest and blockiness increased up with age, while the indices of high-leg and overgrown decreased down. For example, the lengthiness index has increased with age from 90 to 97 %, the chest index from 62 to 70, and the high-leg index has decreased from 59 to 54, overgrowth from 109 to 108 %.

Asymptotic Analysis of Wave Resistance of a Submerged Body Moving with an Oscillating Velocity

1993 ◽  
Vol 37 (02) ◽  
pp. 119-125
Author(s):  
N. G. Kuznetsov
Keyword(s):  
Perturbation Technique ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Wave Resistance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Singular Perturbation Technique ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Absolute Value ◽  
Submerged Body ◽  
Short Period ◽  
The Mean

An asymptotic study is made of potential and tree-surface elevation due to forward motion of a submerged body with an oscillating velocity. The latter is supposed to be a short period. As the nondimensional period ε 1, the singular perturbation technique is applied. Using two-term expansion for the potential, the principal terms of asymptotics for instant and mean values of wave resistance are obtained. The mean value (up to a term 0(e)) is the sum of two addends, the first of which is the wave resistance of the same body moving at the mean speed. The second addend is proportional to the dispersion of velocity with the coefficient depending on the form of the body. This coefficient vanishes if the body is symmetric with respect to the mid-section. Numerical examples for the two-dimensional problem show that there exist cylinders with the following property: the absolute value of wave resistance decreases when passing from motion at the mean speed to motion with oscillating velocity.

EVALUATION OF BIOLOGICAL ASSETS IN DAIRY CATTLE BREEDING AT FAIR VALUE

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
pp. 56-61
Author(s):  
Nina Yu. Triyatsina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Fair Value ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Dairy Farming ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Income Approach ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding

The article proposes a methodology for determining the fair value of productive biological as-sets in dairy farming in the framework of the income approach using discounted cash flows.

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