scholarly journals Range of Clinical Neuro-Ophthalmopathology: more than Tumors

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 01-11
Author(s):  
Gerhard Franz Walter
Keyword(s):  
Ocular Trauma ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Intraocular Tumors ◽  
Therapeutic Decision Making ◽  
Additional Value ◽  
Clinical Queries ◽  
The Given ◽  
Histopathological Investigation

The importance of close co-operation of ophthalmologists, neurologists, neurosurgeons and neuro-ophthalmopathologists as well in clinical as in scientific settings is underlined. Typical neuro-ophthalmopathological examples of frequent and rare cases from pathology of the eyelid, the cornea, intraocular tumors, ocular trauma and tumors of the orbit are presented as well as systemic pathologies such as inflammatory diseases of the eye, phakomatoses, malformations and mitochondrial disorders in which the histopathological investigation by neuro-ophthalmopathologists may contribute to diagnosis and therapeutic decision-making. The chosen examples should provide a narrow focus on some clinical queries answered by neuro-ophthalmopathology and exemplify methodological options, but – in the given frame – cannot represent the full range of eye pathology. Relevant literature is included for further reading. Ophthalmologists, neurologists and neurosurgeons should be aware from the additional value of a concise neuro-ophthalmopathological diagnosis for the optimal treatment of eye diseases and should insist in a professional neuro-ophthalmopathological investigation whenever and wherever possible.

scholarly journals Unfulfilled Inflammatory Resolution: A Key Factor in the Pathogenesis of Psoriasis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zohreh Jadali
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Inflammation Resolution

Recent literature has highlighted the importance of chronic inflammation in psoriasis pathogenesis. Non-resolving inflammation can trigger progressive tissue damage and inflammatory mediator release which in turn perpetuate the inflammatory cycle. Under normal conditions, inflammatory responses are tightly controlled through several mechanisms that restore normal tissue function and structure. Defects in regulatory mechanisms of the inflammatory response can result in persistent unresolved inflammation and further increases of inflammation. Therefore, this review focuses on defects in regulatory mechanisms of inflammatory responses that lead to uncontrolled chronic inflammation in psoriasis. Databases such as Pubmed Embase, ISI, and Iranian databases including Iranmedex, and SID were researched to identify relevant literature. The results of this review indicate that dysregulation of the inflammatory response may be a likely cause of various immune-mediated inflammatory disorders such as psoriasis. Based on current findings, advances in understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in inflammation resolution are not only improving our knowledge of the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory diseases but also supporting the development of new therapeutic strategies.

Challenges in setting Permitted Daily Exposure (PDE) Limits for pharmaceuticals: A review

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Varun Ahuja ◽  
Mohan Krishnappa
Keyword(s):  
Drug Product ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Pharmaceutical Manufacturing ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Cross Contamination ◽  
Daily Exposure ◽  
Risk Assessor ◽  
Carry Over ◽  
Pde Methods ◽  
The Given

BACKGROUND: When more than one drug is manufactured at a shared facility or equipment in pharmaceutical manufacturing, the potential carry-over of the retained residue of existing drug product on product contact parts of the equipment to the next product can be a source of cross contamination. Permitted daily exposure (PDE) is derived based on the complete nonclinical and clinical data available and is a dose that is unlikely to cause adverse effects if an individual is exposed, by any route, at or below this dose every day over a lifetime. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to present a comprehensive review of available scientific knowledge for derivation of PDE. METHODS: PubMed and ScienceDirect databases were searched using keywords “PDE” and “pharmaceuticals” and all the relevant literature up to March 2021 was reviewed. We have also calculated PDEs for Tobramycin (CAS No. 32986-56-4) and Acetyl Salicylic Acid (ASA, CAS No. 50-78-2). RESULTS: This research will be useful for scientists working in the PDE domain. The given examples emphasize the importance of use of human data in calculating PDE. CONCLUSION: The duty of the risk assessor entrusted with setting PDEs is to derive a data driven, scientifically justified value that is safe for patients, while avoiding unjustified conservativeness that puts unnecessary burden on manufacturing.

scholarly journals So what shall we do about assertive community treatment?

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Assertive Community Treatment ◽  
Community Care ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Community Treatment ◽  
Admission Rates ◽  
Recovery Orientation ◽  
Care Systems

AbstractThe usefulness of Assertive Community Treatment (ACT) in European countries with well-developed community care systems has been disputed, despite considerable relevant literature. This paper aims to assess reasons for and against implementing ACT in such countries. ACT may not be useful where generic community mental health teams are not yet well-developed, where admission rates are already low, or where an alternative model based on close integration of a full range of types of care is in place. Good reasons for introducing ACT include listening to patients' preferences, being able to monitor a high risk group of patients more successfully, good staff satisfaction, and the potential for using ACT teams as a platform for delivering interventions for difficult to treat psychosis. The ACT model is more likely to thrive in future if a recovery orientation can be adopted.

scholarly journals Intraocular Biopsy and ImmunoMolecular Pathology for “Unmasking” Intraocular Inflammatory Diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodolfo Mastropasqua ◽  
Emma Di Carlo ◽  
Carlo Sorrentino ◽  
Cesare Mariotti ◽  
Lyndon da Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Choroidal Melanoma ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Anatomical Site ◽  
Complication Rates ◽  
Clinical Tests ◽  
Diagnostic Use ◽  
Intraocular Tumors

Intraocular inflammation can hide a variety of eye pathologies. In 33% of cases, to obtain a correct diagnosis, investigation of the intraocular sample is necessary. The combined analyses of the intraocular biopsy, using immuno-pathology and molecular biology, point to resolve the diagnostic dilemmas in those cases where history, clinical tests, and ophthalmic and systemic examinations are inconclusive. In such situations, the teamwork between the ophthalmologist and the molecular pathologist is critically important to discriminate between autoimmune diseases, infections, and intraocular tumors, including lymphoma and metastases, especially in those clinical settings known as masquerade syndromes. This comprehensive review focuses on the diagnostic use of intraocular biopsy and highlights its potential to enhance research in the field. It describes the different surgical techniques of obtaining the biopsy, risks, and complication rates. The review is organized according to the anatomical site of the sample: I. anterior chamber containing aqueous humor, II. iris and ciliary body, III. vitreous, and IV. choroid and retina. We have excluded the literature concerning biopsy for choroidal melanoma and retinoblastoma, as this is a specialized area more relevant to ocular oncology.

scholarly journals Workshop on Writing a Review of Relevant Literature in a Research Report for English Teachers in Bogor

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-107
Author(s):  
Anna Marietta Da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Community Service ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
English Teachers ◽  
Research Report ◽  
Report Writing ◽  
Catholic University ◽  
Research Article ◽  
The Given

The workshop on writing a review of relevant literature in a research paper is part of a series of workshop given to English teachers of Bogor Regency. The workshop series is part of the cooperation between Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia and Pakuan University in terms of research and community service. The theme was chosen because of the needs of the teachers to write and publish their classroom action research report for their professional development. Therefore the goal of the workshop is to assist and guide the teachers in their report writing, particularly the literature review. The workshop consisted of explanation about a literature review of a research article, steps to write a review and analysis of samples of reviews. The participants mostly appreciated the content of the workshop and hoped that the following workshop theme will either extend the given materials or cover skills of writing other sections of a research article. They also gave some suggestions related to the technique of delivery and duration of the workshop.  

scholarly journals Modern aspects in the treatment of pelvic inflammatory diseases, associated with intrauterine device contraception and their consequences in the remote period

1999 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
L. V. Ivanova ◽  
L. Sh. Gorbacova ◽  
N. L. Nemet
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Intrauterine Device ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
The Given ◽  
Methods Of Treatment ◽  
Generalization Of Data

Pelvic inflammatory diseases are widespread form of women pathology. In many cases these diseases are connected to IUD application and frequently result in violations of specific functions of a female organism. We conduct operation on generalization of data of literary sources, with reference to the given kind of a pathology, analyse the etiology, clinical features, methods of treatment (conservative and surgical), and also paths for restoring fertility and endocrine functions.

scholarly journals Damage Detection in Composites By Artificial Neural Networks Trained By Using in Situ Distributed Strains

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 657-671
Author(s):  
America Califano ◽  
Neha Chandarana ◽  
Luigi Grassia ◽  
Alberto D’Amore ◽  
Constantinos Soutis
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Artificial Neural Networks ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Composite Plates ◽  
Optical Fibre Sensor ◽  
Artificial Neural ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Structural Inspection ◽  
The Given

Abstract In this paper, a passive structural health monitoring (SHM) method capable of detecting the presence of damage in carbon fibre/epoxy composite plates is developed. The method requires the measurement of strains from the considered structure, which are used to set up, train, and test artificial neural networks (ANNs). At the end of the training phase, the networks find correlations between the given strains, which represent the ‘fingerprint’ of the structure under investigation. Changes in the distribution of these strains is captured by assessing differences in the previously identified strain correlations. If any cause generates damage that alters the strain distribution, this is considered as a reason for further detailed structural inspection. The novelty of the strain algorithm comes from its independence from both the choice of material and the loading condition. It does not require the prior knowledge of material properties based on stress-strain relationships and, as the strain correlations represent the structure and its mechanical behaviour, they are valid for the full range of operating loads. An implementation of such approach is herein presented based on the usage of a distributed optical fibre sensor that allows to obtain strain measurement with an incredibly high resolution.

scholarly journals Real Estate as a Subject of Spatial Conflict Among Central and Local Authorities

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-101
Author(s):  
Alina Źróbek-Różańska ◽  
Elżbieta Zysk
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Real Estate ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Interesting Case ◽  
Local Administration ◽  
Central Authority ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Potential Conflict ◽  
The Given

Abstract Currently, real estate located in rural areas neighboring cities are under pressure to become a location for the realization of urban and metropolitan projects. Thus, spatial conflicts are an inherent characteristic of modern urban development. Such conflicts vary in terms of the scope, intensity and course they take. An interesting case illustrating the given issue can be the conflict over real estate owned by the State Treasury (central authority) and localized within the power of local authorities (gminas). Such a situation requires mediating and producing an outcome that satisfies the goals of both sides. The authors based the deliberations on the topic of spatial conflicts on the example of the relation between the Agricultural Property Agency division in Olsztyn (APA Olsztyn) and the smallest local administration units (gminas) located within the borders of the Warmia-Masuria (Województwo Warmińsko-Mazurskie) and Podlasie (Województwo Podlaskie) Provinces. The aim of the research was to describe the background for potential conflict and to study its proceedings. The aim was achieved through studies of relevant literature and data analysis.

Whole-body MR imaging in psoriatic arthritis: Additional value for therapeutic decision making

2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine Weckbach ◽  
Stefan Schewe ◽  
Henrik J. Michaely ◽  
Denise Steffinger ◽  
Maximilian F. Reiser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Psoriatic Arthritis ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Therapeutic Decision ◽  
Therapeutic Decision Making ◽  
Additional Value

scholarly journals Diagnosis value of some acute-phase proteins in purulent-inflammatory diseases of uterine appendages

2006 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 112-116
Author(s):  
S. V. Shramko ◽  
S. V. Arkhipova ◽  
L. G. Bazhenova ◽  
R. M. Zorina
Keyword(s):  
Acute Phase ◽  
Acute Phase Proteins ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Organic Destruction ◽  
Monospecific Antiserum ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Diagnostic Criterion ◽  
The Given ◽  
Selection Of

We investigated concentrations of acute-phase proteins a-2-macroglobulin (MG) and lactoferrin (LF) in blood serum of 78 women with various types of uterine appendages inflammatory processes. Coefficient MG/LF was used as an additional diagnostic criterum of purulent-necrotic destruction of organs and tissues and allowed us to choose proper treatment options. MG values were assessed by method of rocket immune electroforesis using monospecific antiserum to the given protein, LF level was assessed by enzyme linked immunoassay based method (ELISA). Standard was performed when coefficient MG/LF was greater than 1, and if value of coefficient MG/LF was less than 1, we performed surgical treatment. Using coefficient MG/LF as a diagnostic criterion of existence of organic destruction in uterine appendages allowed us to optimize the selection of treatment program.

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