Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Prediction by Simple Adiposity Indices in Thai Adults

Objective: Thai adults, have increased risk of being diagnosed with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Hence, early discrimination of MetS, with a simple and high accuracy index, appears necessary. However, the application of the discriminating ability of Lipid Accumulation Product (LAP), which is an emergent indicator of central lipid accumulation, to MetS among Thai people has not been investigated. This present study’s purposes were to investigate the nationwide prevalence of MetS, and the ability of LAP in discriminating this disorder.Material and Methods: Cross-sectional secondary data analysis was performed in 2018, using primary data from the Thai National Health Examination Survey, 2009. A total of 18,642 Thailanders ≥18 years were recruited. MetS was diagnosed by the National Cholesterol Education Program/Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP/ATP) and International Diabetes Federation (IDF).Results: Overall, the prevalence of MetS-NCEP/ATP and MetS-IDF in Thai adults was 20.0% and 27.0%, respectively. LAP showed outstanding discriminating ability for MetS in both definitions (the cut-off point of 34.38 and 37.96 cm.mmol/L; area under the curve of 0.889 and 0.915 for NCEP/ATP and IDF, respectively). LAP performed the closest agreement in discriminating MetS-NCEP/ATP (κ=0.598, p-value<0.001) and MetS-IDF (κ=0.577, p-value<0.001). Logistic regression analysis exhibited a strong association of the LAP cut-off point with MetS, with the odds ratio being from 23.37 to 27.22 (p-value<0.001). Conclusion: These study results revealed that LAP was strongly associated with MetS, had an outstanding and reliable diagnostic accuracy for discriminating MetS in Thai adults, which might be helpful for early detection of MetS among vulnerable populations.

Download Full-text

Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome According to Different Definitions in a Hypertensive Population

Angiology ◽

10.1177/0003319711407303 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 63 (1) ◽

pp. 39-47 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Eirini Lioudaki ◽

George E. Vrentzos ◽

Helen Mavrogeni ◽

Maria-Helen Zeniodi ◽

Emmanuel S. Ganotakis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

International Diabetes Federation ◽

Heart Association ◽

University Hospital ◽

Mediterranean Country ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Hypertensive Population ◽

Hypertension Clinic ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Study Results

Aims: The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes mellitus (DM). Several definitions of MetS have been proposed. The aim of the present study was to estimate and compare the prevalence of MetS according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III), American Heart Association-National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (AHA-NHLBI), International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and the more recent Joint Interim Statement (JIS) definitions in patients attending a hypertension clinic. Methods: The records of patients referred to the hypertension clinic at the University Hospital (Heraklion, Crete) from January 2001 to June 2009 were screened retrospectively. A total 384 patients (146 men) were included in the study. Results: The prevalence of MetS according to the IDF and JIS definitions was significantly higher compared with that of the NCEP ATP III in both genders (IDF: P = .009 and P = .002, JIS: P = .002 and P = 0.001 for men and women, respectively); this was the case for the AHA-NHLBI definition only among women ( P = .03). All MetS components differed significantly ( P from < .0001 to .02) between patients with and without MetS for all definitions. Conclusions: The prevalence of MetS varies considerably depending on the definition used in a hypertensive population in a Mediterranean country. These differences will influence risk assessment.

Download Full-text

Is depression a cause of metabolic abnormality? A European Small State experience

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.1009 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

S Cuschieri

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Cholesterol Level ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

Depression Symptoms ◽

Health Examination ◽

High Cholesterol ◽

Small State ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

High Cholesterol Level ◽

Increased Risk

Abstract Background A relationship between depression and metabolic syndrome has been reported. Considering the diabesity rates effecting the small state of Malta it was considered appropriate to explore for links between these diseases, their metabolic determinants with depression. Methods A national health examination survey was conducted. A validated questionnaire note down (1) self-reported depression (2) anti-depressive medication (3) PHQ-9 depression symptoms score (>5 positive for depression). Participants with the presence of one or more of these variables were labelled as having depression. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and blood pressure (BP) were measured. Blood testing for fasting blood glucose (FBG) and lipid profile were performed. The biochemical (FBG, Lipid profiles) and anthropometric profiles (BMI, WC, BP) of the depression population were compared to those without this disease. Univariant and multivariant binary logistic regression models were performed. Results The depression population (17.2% of the total population) had significantly higher median LDL, triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) levels when compared to those without the disease (p = <0.01). On univariant modelling each variable (LDL OR:1.15 p = 0.01; TG OR:1.16 p = 0.01; TC OR:1.64 p = <0.01) showed a positive association with having depression even after adjusting for confounding factors (sex, age, education, smoking, alcohol habits). On multivariant modelling only an increase in TC was associated with increased risk of having depression (OR: 1.36 CI95%: 1.05-1.76 p = 0.02) after adjusting for confounders. Conclusions The various components of the metabolic syndrome appeared not to be associated with a diagnosis of depression. Only high cholesterol level exhibited a metabolic link with depression. Although further research is merited, it is suggested that physicians incorporate a depression screening tool as part of their consultation when examining high-risk patients. Key messages A metabolic syndrome profile is not linked with depression. A high cholesterol level is linked with depression, making these individuals susceptible to potential cardiovascular disease.

Download Full-text

FABP1 gene variant associated with risk of metabolic syndrome

Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening ◽

10.2174/1386207324666210603114434 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 24 ◽

Author(s):

Reza Zare-Feyzabadi ◽

Majid Mozaffari ◽

Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan ◽

Mohsen Valizadeh

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

International Diabetes Federation ◽

Amplification Refractory Mutation System ◽

Study Cohort ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Mutation System ◽

Polymerase Chain ◽

The Relationship ◽

Diabetes And Obesity

Background: Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is defined by a clustering of metabolic abnormalities associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. There has been an increasing interest in the associations of genetic variants involved in diabetes and obesity in the FABP1 pathway. The relationship between the rs2241883 polymorphism of FABP1 and risk of MetS remains unclear. Objective: We aimed to examine the association between this genetic polymorphism and the presence of MetS and its constituent factors. Methods: A total of 942 participants were recruited as part of the Mashhad Stroke and Heart Atherosclerosis Disorders (MASHAD study) Cohort. Patients with MetS were identified using the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria (n=406) and those without MetS (n=536) were also recruited. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples and used for genotyping of the FABP1 rs2241883T/C polymorphism using Tetra-Amplification Refractory Mutation System Polymerase Chain Reaction (Tetra-ARMS PCR). Genetic analysis was confirmed by gel electrophoresis and DNA sequencing. Results: Using both univariate and multivariate analyses after adjusting for age, sex and physical activity, carriers of C allele (CT/CC genotypes) in FABP1 variant were related to an increased risk of MetS, compared to non-carriers (OR: 1.38, 95%CI: 1.04,1.82, p=0.026). Conclusion: The present study shows that C allele in the FABP1 variant can be associated with an increased risk of MetS. The evaluation of these factors in a larger population may help further confirm these findings.

Download Full-text

Metabolic syndrome in Thai adolescents and associated factors: the Thai National Health Examination Survey V (NHES V)

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-021-10728-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sirinapa Siwarom ◽

Wichai Aekplakorn ◽

Kwanchai Pirojsakul ◽

Witchuri Paksi ◽

Pattapong Kessomboon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

National Health ◽

Screen Time ◽

International Diabetes Federation ◽

Health Examination ◽

Time Frequency ◽

Screen Media ◽

Thai Adolescents ◽

Health Examination Survey

Abstract Background Presence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in early life may influence cardiovascular outcome later in adulthood. There is limited data regarding MetS among Thai adolescents. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of MetS and related factors in Thai adolescents. Methods Data on MetS components of 1934 Thai adolescents aged 10–16 years were obtained from the 5th National Health Examination Survey. Age at first screen time exposure, duration of screen time, frequency of food intake and physical activities were collected from interviews. MetS was defined according to 3 definitions: International Diabetes Federation (IDF), Cook’s, and de Ferranti’s. Results The prevalence of MetS was 4.1% by IDF, 8.0% by Cook’s, and 16.8% by de Ferranti’s definition. The overall prevalence was higher in male (19.0%) than female adolescents (15.3%). The most common MetS components composition among Thai adolescents was high waist circumference with high serum triglyceride and low HDL-cholesterol (40.0% for IDF, 22.6% for Cook’s and 43.5% for de Ferranti’s definition). Exposure to screen media during the first 2 years of life had a 1.3- fold increased odds of MetS by 1 out of 3 definitions (OR 1.30, 95% CI. 1.01–1.68). Duration of physical activity associated with decreased odds of MetS by Cook’s definition (OR 0.96, 95% CI. 0.92–0.99). Conclusions The prevalence of MetS among Thai adolescents was higher than previously reported by other studies. Screen media exposure during the first 2 years of life should be discouraged and measures to promote physical activity among children and adolescents should be strengthen.

Download Full-text

Analysis of serum leptin levels as a biomarker in metabolic syndrome in type 2 diabetic patients in Okhla industrial area

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20195013 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (11) ◽

pp. 4340

Author(s):

Juhi Aggarwal ◽

Niharika Singh ◽

Mayur Kumar

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Blood Sugar ◽

Fasting Blood Sugar ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Study Results ◽

Type 2 Diabetic

Background: Metabolic syndrome is a progressive disorder which includes a wide array of disorders i.e. central obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and insulin resistance. In patients with metabolic syndrome there is an increased risk of mortality due to coronary heart disease, stroke, vascular dysfunction etc. Obesity is one of the most crucial epidemics of modern times and hormone leptin plays an important role in regulation of body weight and energy balance.Methods: A total of 355 individuals were selected from the OPD, Department of general medicine at ESIC hospital, Okhla and it comprised of 196 males and 159 females suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus with metabolic syndrome. The data was collected over a year i.e. June 2018 to July 2019. After baseline clinical and anthropometric evaluation, Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS), Post Prandial Blood Sugar (PPBS), lipid profile, Insulin (fasting), and leptin levels of the patients were analyzed.Results: Blood sugar fasting, blood sugar post prandial, lipid profile, leptin and insulin levels were increased significantly in female patients as compared to male patients with type 2 diabetic patients and metabolic syndrome.Conclusions: Based on the study results, it was found that leptin correlate significantly with metabolic syndrome and could be used as a biomarker for the early detection of the disease.

Download Full-text

Prevalence of cardiac autonomic dysfunction in patients with metabolic syndrome: a cross-sectional, observational study

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20191300 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 987

Author(s):

Akash C. Lohakare ◽

Pawan Mehta ◽

Shuchi Singh

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Observational Study ◽

Autonomic Dysfunction ◽

Strong Association ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

Categorical Variables ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Cardiac Autonomic Dysfunction

Background: Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) is a distinguished disorder associated with diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome. The pathogenesis of CAN in patients with metabolic syndrome still remains unclear. This study was undertaken to assess the prevalence of cardiac autonomic dysfunction in patients with metabolic syndrome and to correlate different parameters of metabolic syndrome with cardiac autonomic dysfunction.Methods: In this cross-sectional observational study, total 100 consecutive cases meeting the inclusion criteria and attending the Department of Medicine in Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi were enrolled. 50 subjects who satisfied the IDF criteria of metabolic syndrome were taken as cases and remaining 50 subjects (age and gender matched) who did not satisfy the IDF criteria were taken as controls. Comparison of categorical variables was made using chi-square or Fisher’s exact test. P-value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: Majority of study population (i.e., 42%) belonged to the age group of 41-50 years. Overall prevalence of cardiac autonomic dysfunction (CAD) was 25%. Prevalence of CAD among cases and controls was 38% and 12%, respectively. Overall distribution of various parameters like waist circumference, fasting blood glucose, blood pressure, HDL-C and serum triglycerides was assessed in all subjects with respect to CAD. Statistically significant association of these parameters was seen with CAD (p-value ≤0.01).Conclusions: In this study, strong association was found between CAD and central obesity, impaired fasting glucose, high blood pressure and dyslipidemia. Thus, the metabolic disorders are good predictors of CAD.

Download Full-text

The Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients at a Tertiary Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences ◽

10.4314/ejhs.v28i5.16 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 28 (5) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Belete Biadgo ◽

Tadele Melak ◽

Sintayehu Ambachew ◽

Habtamu Wondifraw Baynes ◽

Miteku Andualem Limenih ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Lifestyle Modification ◽

Tertiary Hospital ◽

Northwest Ethiopia ◽

P Value ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Diabetes Clinic ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Increased Risk

BACKGROUND: Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of risk factors that is responsible for the risk of coronary heart disease and stroke. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of MetS and its components among T2DM patients.METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Diabetes Clinic of the Hospital, from June to July, 2015. Data were entered into EPI INFO software and exported to SPSS 20 for analysis. MetS prevalence was estimated using NCEP ATPIII and IDF criteria. Anthropometric measurements, investigations of serum glucose and lipid profiles were done. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate associated factors. A P-value ≤ 0.05 wasconsidered statistically significant.RESULT: A total of 159 participants were included in the study; 119 (59.7%) were females with mean (±SD) age of (49.8±8.7) year. The prevalence of MetS was 66.7% in NCEP-ATP III and 53.5% in IDF definitions. The most prevalent component of MetS was elevated triglyceride (56.6% in ATPIII and 62.3% in IDF criteria), followed by abdominal obesity (61%) IDF and elevated blood pressure (55.4%) NCEP-ATPIII criteria. The regression analysis showed that increased age, being female, high BMI, having diabetes for over 5 years and poor glycemic control were significantly associated with metabolic syndrome.CONCLUSION: The prevalence of MetS and its components among T2DM patients were high, suggesting that diabetic patients are at increased risk of CVD and other complications. Efforts should be geared towards addressing these abnormalities through lifestyle modification, health awareness and medications in order to reduce this complication.

Download Full-text

Effectiveness of pneumococcal and influenza vaccines to prevent serious health complications in adults with chronic liver disease: a protocol for a systematic review

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018223 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. e018223 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Suvi Härmälä ◽

Constantinos Parisinos ◽

Laura Shallcross ◽

Alastair O’Brien ◽

Andrew Hayward

Keyword(s):

Liver Disease ◽

Chronic Liver Disease ◽

Chronic Liver ◽

Influenza Vaccines ◽

Primary Data ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Cochrane Central Register ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Study Results ◽

Health Complications

IntroductionIn advanced chronic liver disease, diseases caused by common bacteriaStreptococcus pneumoniaeor influenza virus put people at an increased risk of serious health complications and death. The effectiveness of the available vaccines in reducing the risk of poor health outcomes, however, is less clear.Methods and analysisWe will search Medline (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), PubMed and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for published reports on randomised controlled trials and observational studies on the effectiveness of pneumococcal and influenza vaccines in people with chronic liver disease. Two independent reviewers will screen the studies for eligibility, extract data and assess study quality and risk of bias. Random effects meta-analyses will be performed as appropriate.Ethics and disseminationFormal ethical approval is not required, as no primary data will be collected for this study. We will publish results of this study in relevant peer-reviewed medical journal or journals. Where possible, the study results will also be presented as posters or talks at relevant medical conferences and meetings.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42017067277.

Download Full-text

Predictive values of metabolic syndrome in children

Open Medicine ◽

10.2478/s11536-011-0032-2 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 379-385

Author(s):

Ivana Vorgučin ◽

Nada Naumović ◽

Jovan Vlaški ◽

Dragan Katanić ◽

Georgios Konstantinidis

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Reliability Analysis ◽

Predictive Value ◽

Elevated Level ◽

Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 ◽

International Diabetes Federation ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Predictive Values ◽

Increased Risk

AbstractMetabolic syndrome is a clinical term encompassing risk factors (obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and hypertension), which yield an increased risk for the development of diabetes mellitus type 2 and cardiovascular disorders in adolescence. Two sets of criteria for diagnosing metabolic syndrome were applied, the criteria for adults, specifically adapted for children, and the criteria defined by the International Diabetes Federation (IDF). A reliability analysis was conducted; sensitivity (SE), specificity (SP), positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of applying certain criteria of both definitions of metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome in adolescents was diagnosed much more frequently using the specific criteria (41%) in comparison to the IDF criteria (22%). Using the specific criteria for children and adolescents, it was established that the HDL cholesterol was the most specific and had the largest PPV. Using the IDF criteria for diagnosing metabolic syndrome, the reliability analysis established that the highest PPV was recorded with the elevated level of triglycerides. The specific criteria have been found to be more efficient in diagnosing metabolic syndrome in adolescents. The highest predictive value was displayed by dyslipidemic disorders, hypertriglyceridemia and hypo HDL cholesterolemia.

Download Full-text

Dietary Total Antioxidant Capacity and Dietary Polyphenol Intake and Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Polish Adults: A Nationwide Study

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity ◽

10.1155/2018/7487816 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Małgorzata Elżbieta Zujko ◽

Anna Waśkiewicz ◽

Anna Maria Witkowska ◽

Danuta Szcześniewska ◽

Tomasz Zdrojewski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Food Consumption ◽

Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽

International Diabetes Federation ◽

Antioxidant Potential ◽

Health Examination ◽

Total Antioxidant ◽

Polyphenol Intake ◽

Dietary Total Antioxidant Capacity

Specific classes and subclasses of polyphenols have been studied for their potential effects on noncommunicable diseases, but studies on association between dietary polyphenol intake (DPI) and dietary total antioxidant capacity (DTAC) and MetS (metabolic syndrome) are scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine associations between DTAC and DPI and the prevalence of MetS and its components in the Polish adult population. Subjects (5690) were participants of the Polish National Multicentre Health Examination Survey (WOBASZ II study) performed in 2013-2014. MetS was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and the American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (AHA/NHLBI) criteria. Daily food consumption was assessed by 24-hour dietary recall. DTAC and DPI were evaluated using the data of food consumption and antioxidant potential of foods, measured by FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant potential) method, and total polyphenol content in foods, measured by Folin-Ciocalteu assay. Logistic regression models were used to assess the relationship between DTAC and DPI and MetS and its components. Crude, age-adjusted, and multivariable-adjusted models were performed. This study demonstrated that in Polish women, high DPI and high DTAC were significantly associated with a reduced odds ratio for the prevalence of MetS components, such as elevated blood pressure and diabetes. In contrast, in men, high DPI and high DTAC did not have the potential to alleviate MetS components.

Download Full-text